Battery protection system of mobile power supply and mobile power supply

Abstract

The application provides a battery protection system of a mobile power supply and the mobile power supply, and the system comprises: a first switching component which acquires the load state of the mobile power supply connected, and switches the mobile power supply between the static state and the working state according to the load state; when switching from the static state to the working state, a ready state is triggered, and the calculation of the internal safety index of the mobile power supply is performed; a second switching component compares the internal safety index with the safety threshold value preset for the mobile power supply, and determines whether the mobile power supply is triggered from the ready state to the working state according to the comparison result; when the internal safety index is less than the safety threshold value preset for the mobile power supply, the ready state is allowed to switch to the working state; and a third switching component performs real-time monitoring on the internal safety index of the working state, and when the internal safety index is not less than the safety threshold value preset for the mobile power supply, a safety state is triggered, and the working state is stopped. The application constructs a three-stage protection system of pre-checking, execution and monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of portable power bank technology, and in particular to a battery protection system for portable power banks and a portable power bank itself. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread adoption of portable electronic devices, power banks have become an indispensable daily necessity for modern people. Statistics show that the global power bank market exceeded $20 billion in 2023, maintaining an annual growth rate of over 15%. However, behind this rapid development, safety issues such as overcharging, over-discharging, and short circuits in lithium batteries continue to plague the industry. Existing protection solutions mostly employ traditional voltage-current dual-threshold protection mechanisms, which suffer from response delays and malfunctions when dealing with complex usage scenarios. In particular, the widespread adoption of fast charging technologies in recent years (such as PD3.0 / QC5.0 protocols) has made the battery operating environment more demanding, and traditional protection systems are no longer sufficient to meet the safety requirements under high-power dynamic adjustment.

[0003] Prior art 1, application number: CN202410656060.2, discloses a small-volume mobile power bank stacked structure, including a battery display, a battery board at the bottom of the battery display, a DC board at the bottom of the battery board, a DC main board at the bottom of the DC board, an image storage device and an LED display screen inside the battery display, a ring inductor in the middle of one side of the DC board, a solid capacitor at one end of the ring inductor and on one side of the DC board, and a battery protection circuit on the DC board. Although this structure achieves efficient space utilization by stacking the battery display, battery board, DC board and DC main board, allowing the mobile power bank to integrate more functions while maintaining a small size, and increases user interaction through the image storage device and LED display screen, enabling users to more intuitively understand the battery status and other information; however, it relies solely on a traditional lithium battery protection board for basic overcharge / discharge protection and lacks a pre-detection mechanism when the load is connected.

[0004] Prior art 2, application number: CN202411322252.6, discloses a protocol level control circuit and its mobile power supply, including a lithium battery protection module, a DC-DC module, an interface module, and a discharge module; the voltage input terminals of the lithium battery protection module and the DC-DC module are both connected to the positive terminal of the lithium battery, the voltage output terminal of the DC-DC module is connected to the interface module, and the protocol terminal of the DC-DC module is connected to the protocol terminal of the interface module; the voltage input terminal of the discharge module is connected to the positive terminal of the lithium battery, and the voltage output terminal of the discharge module is connected to the negative terminal of the lithium battery and ground respectively. Although by setting a discharge module in the protocol level control circuit, when the lithium battery protection module triggers the power-down protection, the virtual electricity existing inside the lithium battery protection mechanism will be divided through the discharge module to lower the voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery, so that the system protocol switches to charging mode at a low potential, effectively solving the phenomenon that the battery cell cannot be charged after over-discharge or short-circuit testing; however, its protection action is based on fixed threshold triggering (such as voltage / current over-limit), and it cannot calculate the composite safety index in real time (such as dynamic thresholds combined with temperature drift and cycle decay coefficient), resulting in a risk of delayed protection response.

[0005] Existing technology three, application number: CN202410512834.4, discloses an outdoor portable power supply with AC and DC power that does not interfere with each other. It includes a shell, a solar charging panel, a front cover, a PCB board, a battery pack with a lithium battery protection board, an LCD display, a DC button, an AC button, an LED light, a Type-C bidirectional fast charging interface, a USB fast charging interface, a DC interface, a DC charging interface, a rear cover, an inverter, an AC socket, a fan, and a heat dissipation plate. When the DC interface is working, the inverter's operation is controlled by the button. The AC socket supplies AC power, and the battery pack with the lithium battery protection board performs power-limited output. When the total power of the load is overloaded, the output of the DC interface is shut off, ensuring that DC and AC power do not interfere with each other. Although it can simultaneously provide DC and AC power to meet the needs of various devices and achieve mutual non-interference between DC and AC power, effectively improving the user experience and efficiency, and the LCD display provides intuitive visualization, making it easier and faster to grasp the charging or power supply status and make reasonable adjustments, directly switching from a static state to a working state may cause instantaneous impacts, and there is a lack of secondary verification after abnormal recovery.

[0006] Current technologies 1, 2, and 3 all suffer from insufficient safety control throughout the entire lifecycle of a power bank. Therefore, this invention provides a battery protection system for a power bank and a power bank itself. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a battery protection system for a portable power bank, comprising:

[0008] The first switching component is used to obtain the load status of the power bank connection and switch the power bank between a static state and a working state according to the load status. When switching from a static state to a working state, a ready state is triggered to calculate the internal safety index of the power bank and obtain the internal safety index result.

[0009] The second switching component is used to compare the internal security index with the preset security threshold of the power bank, and determine whether the power bank should be triggered from the ready state to the working state based on the comparison result; when the internal security index is less than the preset security threshold of the power bank, the ready state is allowed to switch to the working state.

[0010] The third switching component is used to monitor the internal safety index in real time during operation. When the internal safety index is not less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, it triggers the safety state, issues an early warning, stops the operation state, and switches to the static state.

[0011] Optional, the first switching component includes:

[0012] The dynamic parameter set capture module is used to activate the multi-dimensional parameter acquisition network when the first switching component triggers the ready state. It acquires the static parameter set stored by the mobile power supply during the static state through the cross-sensing channel, including three core parameters: energy carrier stability, residual interface potential, and cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation. At the same time, it activates the dynamic scanning module to collect the energy fluctuation trajectory and state transition rate generated at the moment the current load is connected at a preset frequency to obtain dynamic scanning data.

[0013] The parameter fusion and feature evolution module is used to input static parameter sets and dynamic scan data into a two-layer fusion architecture;

[0014] The initial safety value generation module is used to input the dynamic equilibrium coefficient and the structural stress index into the nonlinear compensation channel. When the load access characteristic is detected to be abrupt, a positive compensation weight is applied to the dynamic equilibrium coefficient; if it is a gradual type, the negative compensation mechanism of the structural stress index is activated. The compensated dual parameters are vector synthesized in the normalization processing unit to output the initial safety value.

[0015] The dynamic threshold calibration module is used to input the initial safety value into the adaptive threshold space of the power bank. The adaptive threshold space dynamically adjusts the comparison benchmark according to the historical working mode database. The difference between the calibrated dynamic threshold and the initial safety value is calculated to obtain the final internal safety index.

[0016] Optionally, a two-layer fusion architecture for the parameter fusion and feature evolution module: The first layer performs waveform matching analysis on the energy carrier stability and energy fluctuation trajectory to generate dynamic equilibrium coefficients; The second layer establishes correlation matrices between the residual interface potential and the cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation and the state transition rate, respectively, and calculates the structural stress index through a hierarchical attenuation algorithm.

[0017] Optionally, in the dynamic threshold calibration module, when a high-temperature operation record is detected in the previous working cycle, the reference value shifts downward according to a preset curve; if multiple consecutive short-term charge and discharge cycles are detected, the reference value increment program is activated.

[0018] Optional, the parameter fusion and feature evolution module includes:

[0019] The correlation matrix construction submodule is used to establish a three-dimensional correlation field based on the residual interface potential, the cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation, and the state transition rate.

[0020] The hierarchical attenuation topology generation submodule is used to construct a hierarchical processing channel containing a primary attenuation layer, a secondary attenuation layer, and a dynamic feedback loop on the basic matrix.

[0021] The stress index synthesis submodule is used to input the data after hierarchical attenuation into a multi-channel fusion unit that includes longitudinal stress components, transverse stress components, and spatiotemporal coupling operations.

[0022] Optional, longitudinal stress component of stress index synthesis submodule: extract the residual interface potential after primary attenuation layer processing, associate it with the current load access characteristics, and if it is a sudden load, superimpose the residual fluctuation component of the residual amount.

[0023] Lateral stress components: The maximum deformation gradient value and its spatial distribution density are extracted from the deformation energy distribution spectrum output by the secondary attenuation layer, and normalized and corrected by combining the historical deformation recovery rate of the medium structure.

[0024] Spatiotemporal coupling operation: The longitudinal and transverse components are vector superimposed in the weight space defined by the rate mapping layer. During the superposition process, invalid noise data caused by layer attenuation is automatically removed, and the final output is a structural stress index with spatiotemporal continuity.

[0025] Optional, dynamic threshold calibration module, including:

[0026] The threshold activation preprocessing submodule is used to superimpose the baseline value output by the adaptive threshold space with the high temperature offset curve and short-term charge-discharge increment record in the historical working mode database to generate an active threshold with time decay characteristics; and activate the corresponding threshold compensation factor according to the load access feature type captured by the current dynamic scanning module.

[0027] The difference space construction submodule is used to establish the mapping relationship between the initial safety value and the activity threshold in the normalized dimension space;

[0028] The dynamic difference core operation submodule is used to perform multi-dimensional difference analysis between the activity threshold and the initial safety value;

[0029] The security index reconstruction submodule is used to convert multi-channel difference results into quantifiable evaluation values.

[0030] Optional, the second switching component includes:

[0031] The threshold dynamic adjustment module is used to activate the threshold adaptive engine before the second switching component receives the internal security index.

[0032] A dual-modal comparison module is used to establish a dual interactive channel between the internal security index and the dynamically adjusted threshold;

[0033] The transition state processing module is used to smoothly transition the execution state before switching from the ready state to the working state;

[0034] The decision condition generation module is used to switch permission signals between synthesized states by comparing the results.

[0035] Optional, the decision condition generation module includes:

[0036] The multidimensional data field construction submodule is used to construct a risk analysis basis based on the output of the dual-modal comparison module.

[0037] The safety margin fusion submodule is used to introduce safety margin component buffer pool data during the difference calculation stage;

[0038] The gradient vector synthesis submodule is used to dynamically extract gradients from the fused multidimensional data field;

[0039] The risk level division submodule is used to convert the synthesized gradient vector into a quantifiable risk level; detect abnormal sections where the gradient vector direction continuously deviates from the phase reference axis, and divide the structural fatigue risk zone by combining the trend of the second derivative of the cumulative value of the medium structure deformation.

[0040] The present invention provides a portable power bank, which includes: a shell, an interface, an indicator light, a battery, and a controller; the shell is provided with an interface and an indicator light, and the battery and controller are installed inside the shell, and the controller stores programs for a first switching component, a second switching component, and a third switching component.

[0041] This invention achieves a safe closed-loop management of the power bank's operating state through the coordinated operation of three-level switching components. State-level control uses the first switching component to achieve basic switching between the static and operating states, and adds a ready state as an intermediate transitional state. In the ready state, an internal safety assessment (such as composite calculations of parameters like temperature, voltage, and current) is completed, ensuring that only power banks that pass the initial safety test can enter the operating state. The threshold pre-detection mechanism, implemented by the second switching component, compares the real-time calculated safety index with preset thresholds (such as overcharge / discharge voltage, maximum temperature rise, and other hardware protection parameters) to form a secondary verification at the hardware level; this intercepts abnormal situations where the safety index exceeds limits, preventing potentially risky devices from entering the workflow. Dynamic safety protection, implemented by the third switching component, performs real-time monitoring during continuous operation in the operating state. When an abnormal safety index is detected (such as battery pack balancing failure or instantaneous overload), a protective shutdown is immediately triggered. Dynamic monitoring expands the functionality of traditional protection circuits, forming a flexible protection strategy that can be configured in software.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the battery protection system of the mobile power supply in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the first switching component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the second switching component in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the third switching component in Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0051] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery protection system for a mobile power bank, comprising:

[0053] The first switching component is used to obtain the load status of the power bank connection and switch the power bank between a static state and a working state according to the load status. When switching from a static state to a working state, a ready state is triggered to calculate the internal safety index of the power bank and obtain the internal safety index result.

[0054] The second switching component is used to compare the internal security index with the preset security threshold of the power bank, and determine whether the power bank should be triggered from the ready state to the working state based on the comparison result; when the internal security index is less than the preset security threshold of the power bank, the ready state is allowed to switch to the working state.

[0055] The third switching component is used to monitor the internal safety index in real time during operation. When the internal safety index is not less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, it triggers the safety state, issues an early warning, stops the operation state, and switches to the static state.

[0056] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The first switching component in this embodiment is used to acquire the load status of the connected power bank and switch the power bank between a static state and a working state according to the load status. When switching from the static state to the working state, a ready state is triggered, and the internal safety index of the power bank is calculated to obtain the internal safety index result. The second switching component is used to compare the internal safety index with the preset safety threshold of the power bank and determine whether the power bank should be triggered from the ready state to the working state based on the comparison result. When the internal safety index is less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, the ready state is allowed to switch to the working state. The third switching component is used to monitor the internal safety index of the working state in real time. When the internal safety index is not less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, a safety state is triggered, an early warning is issued, the working state is stopped, and the power bank switches to the static state. This embodiment achieves a safe closed-loop management of the working state of the power bank through the coordinated operation of the three-level switching components. The state hierarchical control realizes the basic switching between the static state and the working state through the first switching component and adds a ready state as an intermediate transition state. The internal safety assessment is completed in the ready state stage to ensure that only power banks that pass the initial safety test can enter the working state. The second switching component of the threshold pre-detection mechanism performs a secondary verification at the hardware level by comparing the real-time calculated safety index with a preset threshold. This intercepts abnormal situations where the safety index exceeds the limit, preventing potentially risky equipment from entering the workflow. The third switching component of dynamic safety protection performs real-time monitoring during continuous operation. When an abnormal safety index is detected, it immediately triggers a protective shutdown. Dynamic monitoring expands the functionality of traditional protection circuits, forming a flexible protection strategy that can be configured in software.

[0057] This embodiment constructs a three-stage protection system of pre-inspection, execution, and monitoring. In the static stage (stationary state), energy output is cut off; in the startup stage (ready state), a safety self-test is completed; and in the dynamic stage (working state), real-time protection is maintained. Ultimately, multi-level safety protection is achieved throughout the entire working cycle of the power bank. Its technical features are reflected in the combined application of condition judgment for state switching and threshold control.

[0058] Example 2: Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the first switching component provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0059] The dynamic parameter set capture module is used to activate the multi-dimensional parameter acquisition network when the first switching component triggers the ready state. It acquires the static parameter set stored by the mobile power supply during the static state through the cross-sensing channel, including three core parameters: energy carrier stability, residual interface potential, and cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation. At the same time, it activates the dynamic scanning module to collect the energy fluctuation trajectory and state transition rate generated at the moment the current load is connected at a preset frequency to obtain dynamic scanning data.

[0060] The parameter fusion and feature evolution module is used to input static parameter sets and dynamic scanning data into a two-layer fusion architecture: the first layer performs waveform matching analysis on the energy carrier stability and energy fluctuation trajectory to generate dynamic balance coefficients; the second layer establishes correlation matrices between the residual interface potential, the cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation and the state transition rate, and calculates the structural stress index through a hierarchical attenuation algorithm.

[0061] The initial safety value generation module is used to input the dynamic equilibrium coefficient and the structural stress index into the nonlinear compensation channel. When the load access characteristic is detected to be abrupt, a positive compensation weight is applied to the dynamic equilibrium coefficient; if it is a gradual type, the negative compensation mechanism of the structural stress index is activated. The compensated dual parameters are vector synthesized in the normalization processing unit to output the initial safety value.

[0062] The dynamic threshold calibration module is used to input the initial safety value into the adaptive threshold space of the power bank. The adaptive threshold space dynamically adjusts the comparison benchmark according to the historical working mode database: when a high temperature operation record is detected in the previous working cycle, the benchmark value shifts downward according to the preset curve; if multiple consecutive short-term charging and discharging are detected, the benchmark value increment program is activated; the difference between the calibrated dynamic threshold and the initial safety value is calculated to obtain the final internal safety index.

[0063] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: In this embodiment, the dynamic parameter set acquisition module is used to activate a multi-dimensional parameter acquisition network when the first switching component triggers the ready state. It acquires the static parameter set stored by the mobile power supply during the static state through a cross-sensing channel, including three core parameters: energy carrier stability, residual interface potential, and cumulative dielectric deformation. Simultaneously, the dynamic scanning module is activated to acquire the energy fluctuation trajectory and state transition rate generated at the moment the current load is connected at a preset frequency, obtaining dynamic scanning data. The parameter fusion and feature evolution module is used to input the static parameter set and dynamic scanning data into a two-layer fusion architecture: the first layer performs waveform matching analysis on the energy carrier stability and energy fluctuation trajectory to generate a dynamic balance coefficient; the second layer establishes a correlation matrix between the residual interface potential and the cumulative dielectric deformation value and the state transition rate, respectively. The structural stress index is calculated using a hierarchical attenuation algorithm. The initial safety value generation module inputs the dynamic balance coefficient and the structural stress index into a nonlinear compensation channel. When a sudden change in load connection characteristics is detected, a positive compensation weight is applied to the dynamic balance coefficient; if it is a gradual change, a negative compensation mechanism for the structural stress index is activated. The compensated dual parameters are vector-synthesized in the normalization processing unit to output the initial safety value. The dynamic threshold calibration module inputs the initial safety value into the adaptive threshold space of the power bank. The adaptive threshold space dynamically adjusts the comparison benchmark according to the historical working mode database: when a high-temperature operation record is detected in the previous working cycle, the benchmark value shifts downward according to a preset curve; if multiple consecutive short-term charging and discharging are detected, the benchmark value increment program is activated. The difference between the calibrated dynamic threshold and the initial safety value is calculated to obtain the final internal safety index.

[0064] Example 3: Based on Example 2, the parameter fusion and feature evolution module provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0065] The correlation matrix construction submodule is used to establish a three-dimensional correlation field based on the residual interface potential, the cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation, and the state transition rate.

[0066] Vertical dimension: The residual interface potential is divided into multiple discrete intervals according to the historical resting time, and each interval corresponds to the gradient decay mode of the residual potential.

[0067] Horizontal dimension: Based on the growth trend of the cumulative deformation value of the medium structure, a deformation energy distribution map is generated;

[0068] Rate mapping layer: The state transition rate is used as a dynamic weighting factor and injected into the intersection nodes of the vertical and horizontal dimensions to form a basic matrix containing spatiotemporal correlation characteristics;

[0069] The hierarchical attenuation topology generation submodule is used to construct a hierarchical processing channel containing a primary attenuation layer, a secondary attenuation layer, and a dynamic feedback loop on the basic matrix.

[0070] Primary attenuation layer: Apply rate-dependent attenuation to the residual interfacial potential in the longitudinal dimension. When the state transition rate is higher than the critical value, activate the exponential attenuation function of the residual to reduce its cumulative contribution to structural stress.

[0071] Secondary attenuation layer: In the horizontal dimension, based on the dense region characteristics of the deformation energy distribution map, a selective attenuation strategy is adopted - linear attenuation is applied to the region exceeding the deformation threshold, while the original value is retained in the region that does not exceed the threshold.

[0072] Dynamic feedback loop: The output of the primary attenuation layer is used as the input reference of the secondary attenuation layer, and the real-time change of the state transition rate is fed back to the attenuation coefficient regulator to form a closed-loop control link.

[0073] The stress index synthesis submodule is used to input the hierarchically attenuated data into a multi-channel fusion unit that includes longitudinal stress components, transverse stress components, and spatiotemporal coupling operations.

[0074] Longitudinal stress component: Extract the residual interfacial potential after primary attenuation layer processing, and associate it with the current load connection characteristics. If it is a sudden load, the residual fluctuation component of the residual value is superimposed.

[0075] Lateral stress components: The maximum deformation gradient value and its spatial distribution density are extracted from the deformation energy distribution spectrum output by the secondary attenuation layer, and normalized and corrected by combining the historical deformation recovery rate of the medium structure.

[0076] Spatiotemporal coupling operation: The longitudinal and transverse components are vector superimposed in the weight space defined by the rate mapping layer. During the superposition process, invalid noise data caused by layer attenuation is automatically removed, and the final output is a structural stress index with spatiotemporal continuity.

[0077] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The correlation matrix construction submodule of this embodiment is used to establish a three-dimensional correlation field based on the residual interface potential, the cumulative value of dielectric deformation, and the state transition rate; the hierarchical attenuation topology generation submodule is used to construct a hierarchical processing channel containing a primary attenuation layer, a secondary attenuation layer, and a dynamic feedback loop on the basic matrix; the stress index synthesis submodule is used to input the data after hierarchical attenuation into a multi-channel fusion unit containing longitudinal stress components, transverse stress components, and spatiotemporal coupling operations. This embodiment achieves accurate quantitative evaluation of structural stress state through multi-dimensional data processing and dynamic feedback mechanisms. The accurate construction of the spatiotemporal correlation field establishes a basic data field that simultaneously includes static historical cumulative effects and dynamic real-time change characteristics through the three-dimensional correlation of the residual interface potential (longitudinal), the cumulative value of dielectric deformation (transverse), and the state transition rate (dynamic weight); the correlation matrix construction submodule transforms the originally discrete physical quantity parameters into a structured expression with spatiotemporal continuity. Hierarchical stress attenuation control, through the cascading processing of a primary attenuation layer (rate-dependent exponential attenuation) and a secondary attenuation layer (deformation threshold-selective attenuation), achieves dynamic reduction of historical residual stress (preventing overload accumulation), regionalized control of local deformation energy (avoiding stress concentration), and maintains the stability of the attenuation process through a dynamic feedback loop (real-time adjustment of the attenuation coefficient). Multi-source stress fusion assessment, through the stress index synthesis submodule, captures residual potential fluctuations during load abrupt changes using the longitudinal component, quantifies the deformation gradient and spatial distribution density using the transverse component, and eliminates noise introduced by hierarchical attenuation using spatiotemporal coupling computation. The final output structural stress index incorporates attenuation correction for historical accumulation effects, density weighting of spatial distribution characteristics, and real-time coupling of dynamic transition rates. These mechanisms achieve dynamic decoupling and precise quantification of structural stress states under complex conditions, providing highly reliable fusion characteristic indicators for subsequent stress early warning or control decisions.

[0078] Example 4: Based on Example 2, the dynamic threshold calibration module provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0079] The threshold activation preprocessing submodule is used to superimpose the baseline value output by the adaptive threshold space with the high temperature offset curve and short-term charge-discharge increment records in the historical working mode database to generate an active threshold with time decay characteristics; according to the load access feature type (mutation / gradual) captured by the current dynamic scanning module, the corresponding threshold compensation factor is activated; the mutation load triggers the threshold boundary expansion mechanism, so that the active threshold expands elastically within a preset range; the gradual load enables the threshold density enhancement algorithm;

[0080] The difference space construction submodule is used to establish the mapping relationship between the initial safety value and the activity threshold in the normalized dimension space;

[0081] Axial alignment: The vector direction of the initial safety value is phase-matched with the reference axis of the activity threshold to eliminate dimensional deviations caused by different parameter sources; during the matching process, the fluctuation characteristics dominated by the dynamic balance coefficient in the initial safety value are preferentially preserved.

[0082] Weight field generation: Based on the structural stress index output by the parameter fusion and feature evolution module, a gradient weight distribution field is formed in the difference space; the region with a higher stress index corresponds to the nonlinear enhancement region of the weight field, which amplifies the difference calculation result in this region.

[0083] The dynamic difference core operation submodule is used to perform multi-dimensional difference analysis between the activity threshold and the initial safety value;

[0084] Main difference channel: Calculates the vertical distance between the endpoint of the initial safety value vector and the active threshold reference plane as the basic difference amount; retains the waveform characteristics of the dynamic equilibrium coefficient and the spatial distribution information of the structural stress index;

[0085] Secondary compensation channel: Injects the residual components in the structural stress index generated by the hierarchical attenuation algorithm that are not covered by the normalization processing unit into the correction loop of the difference operation; when a sudden inflection point of the cumulative value of the medium structure deformation is detected, the instantaneous compensation mechanism of the difference is activated.

[0086] Boundary convergence control: Utilizing the historical pattern recognition capability of the adaptive threshold space, the difference results exceeding the preset fluctuation range are gradually converged; the convergence strength is positively correlated with the number of consecutive short-term charge and discharge cycles, forming an error suppression link with self-learning characteristics;

[0087] The security index reconstruction submodule is used to convert multi-channel difference results into quantifiable evaluation values;

[0088] Polarity separation processing: The basic difference is split into an overload risk component and a safety margin component according to positive and negative polarities. The overload risk component directly participates in the index synthesis, while the safety margin component enters the buffer pool to offset instantaneous fluctuations in subsequent working cycles;

[0089] Spatiotemporal energy integration: Energy accumulation calculation is performed on the difference after the weight field is enhanced. The integration interval covers the entire cycle from the static state to the current working state. During the integration process, the decay curve of the residual interface potential is introduced as a time weighting factor so that the influence of the historical static state gradually weakens as the working time goes by.

[0090] Exponential encapsulation: The integral result is coupled twice with the reference offset of the dynamic threshold calibration module, and the final output value includes a composite safety index that simultaneously includes real-time load impact intensity, long-term structural deformation trend and residual effects of historical working modes.

[0091] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The threshold activation preprocessing submodule of this embodiment is used to superimpose the benchmark value output by the adaptive threshold space with the high-temperature offset curve and short-term charge / discharge increment records in the historical working mode database to generate an activation threshold with time decay characteristics. Based on the load access characteristic type (mutation / gradual) captured by the current dynamic scanning module, the corresponding threshold compensation factor is activated. Mutation loads trigger a threshold boundary expansion mechanism, causing the activation threshold to expand elastically within a preset range. Gradual loads enable a threshold density enhancement algorithm. The difference space construction submodule is used to establish a mapping relationship between the initial safety value and the activation threshold in the normalized dimensional space. The dynamic difference core operation submodule is used to perform multi-dimensional difference analysis between the activation threshold and the initial safety value. The safety index reconstruction submodule is used to convert the multi-channel difference results into quantifiable evaluation values. Through the interaction between the activation threshold and the dynamic difference space, this embodiment ensures that the final safety index not only reflects the instantaneous difference between the current parameters and the benchmark but also includes the state evolution law throughout the entire life cycle of the power bank. The gradient distribution of the weight field and the boundary convergence control form a dual protection against sudden disturbances, while the polarity separation process achieves a precise balance between risk warning and safety redundancy.

[0092] Example 5: Figure 3 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the second switching component provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0093] The threshold dynamic adjustment module is used to activate the threshold adaptive engine before the second switching component receives the internal security index.

[0094] Historical mode loading: Extract parameters such as cumulative high-temperature operation duration and short-term charging and discharging frequency from the historical working mode database of the power bank, and generate a baseline threshold correction vector; if more than three consecutive short-term charging and discharging events are detected in the previous working cycle, the vector direction points to the threshold weakening domain.

[0095] Load feature binding: Combine the load access type (abrupt / progressive) captured by the first switching component to apply a dynamic bias to the baseline threshold; abrupt loads trigger threshold surface expansion, extending the safety boundary outward; progressive loads activate threshold density compression, improving comparison accuracy;

[0096] A dual-modal comparison module is used to establish a dual interactive channel between the internal security index and the dynamically adjusted threshold;

[0097] Main comparison channel: Maps the security index to the main evaluation plane of the threshold space and calculates its Euclidean distance with the current threshold; retains the waveform characteristics of the dynamic balance coefficient output by the initial security value generation module as a phase correction factor for distance calculation;

[0098] Auxiliary comparison channel: Extract the transverse stress component from the structural stress index generated by the hierarchical attenuation algorithm and construct a three-dimensional comparison auxiliary surface; when the spatial distribution density of the cumulative deformation value of the medium structure exceeds the critical value, the auxiliary surface automatically tilts to change the distance calculation result of the main channel;

[0099] The decision condition generation module is used to synthesize permission signals between states by comparing the results;

[0100] Risk gradient field construction: Based on the Euclidean distance output by the main comparison channel, the safety margin component buffer pool data from the difference calculation stage is superimposed to generate a risk gradient map; the high gradient region in the risk gradient map corresponds to the instantaneous overload risk caused by load mutation.

[0101] Permission signal encoding: When the global value of the risk gradient field is lower than the dynamic adjustment threshold, the spatiotemporal coupling calculation result of the structural stress index is converted into a binary permission code; if an abnormal decay of the residual interface potential is detected during the code generation process, a delayed check bit is inserted.

[0102] Load compatibility verification: The energy fluctuation trajectory stored in the module is captured using a dynamic parameter set to reconstruct the virtual load model; the license code is input into the model for reverse compatibility testing to verify its stability tolerance under sudden load shocks.

[0103] The transition state handling module is used to smoothly transition the execution state before switching from the ready state to the working state.

[0104] Residual exponential removal: Activates the circuit for releasing residual interfacial potential accumulated during the quiescent state, and reduces the residual amount to below 10% of the safe threshold range through a controllable decay channel;

[0105] Balance coefficient latching: Apply transient freeze processing to the dynamic balance coefficient to maintain waveform integrity during switching and avoid parameter distortion due to state transition;

[0106] Stress preloading: Based on the structural stress index prediction model, a reverse deformation compensation force field is applied to the medium structure to counteract the instantaneous stress increment caused by the upcoming load impact.

[0107] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: In this embodiment, the threshold dynamic adjustment module activates the threshold adaptive engine before the second switching component receives the internal security index; the dual-modal comparison module establishes a dual interactive channel between the internal security index and the dynamically adjusted threshold; the decision condition generation module synthesizes an inter-state switching permission signal based on the comparison results; and the transition state processing module performs a smooth transition before switching from the ready state to the working state. The decision-making process in this embodiment achieves a three-dimensional assessment of the risk field through dual comparison channels. Combined with the forward-looking compensation mechanism in the transition state processing stage, it ensures that inter-state switching meets real-time security requirements while establishing a stable parameter base for the working state. Threshold dynamic adjustment is bound to load characteristics to form an adaptive decision boundary.

[0108] Example 6: Based on Example 5, the decision condition generation module provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0109] The multidimensional data field construction submodule is used to construct a risk analysis basis based on the output of the dual-modal comparison module.

[0110] Principal gradient basis: The Euclidean distance data calculated by the principal alignment channel is mapped to a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system, and the dynamic equilibrium coefficient waveform characteristics are used as the phase reference axis of the coordinate system to form a basic gradient field with waveform synchronization characteristics.

[0111] Auxiliary stress layer superposition: Extract the three-dimensional comparison auxiliary surface data generated by the auxiliary comparison channel, convert its transverse stress components into stress gradient vectors, and inject them into the corresponding nodes of the basic gradient field according to the spatial density distribution; when the spatial density of the cumulative value of the medium structure deformation exceeds the critical mark, the vector direction deflection mechanism is triggered to form stress interference patterns.

[0112] The safety margin fusion submodule is used to introduce safety margin component buffer pool data during the difference calculation stage;

[0113] Buffer pool activation: Select the release mode of the buffer pool according to the current load access type (abrupt / gradual); a sudden load triggers the rapid release of the safety margin component in the pool to form a protective film layer covering the basic gradient field; a gradual load enables the layered penetration mode, so that the margin component gradually merges with the gradient field.

[0114] Field strength correction: The released margin component is converted into a field strength correction coefficient to locally attenuate the high-risk region in the basic gradient field dominated by Euclidean distance; the waveform phase information of the dynamic equilibrium coefficient is preserved during the correction process to ensure that the spatiotemporal continuity of the gradient field is not destroyed.

[0115] The gradient vector synthesis submodule is used to dynamically extract gradients from the fused multidimensional data field;

[0116] Principal gradient vector extraction: Capture the gradient vector with the maximum rate of change of Euclidean distance along the phase reference axis of the basic gradient field; the vector intensity is negatively correlated with the reference offset of the dynamic threshold calibration module, and the larger the offset, the higher the vector attenuation coefficient.

[0117] Stress gradient coupling: The gradient vector of the auxiliary stress layer is orthogonally synthesized with the main gradient vector. The synthesis angle depends on the current decay rate of the residual interface potential. When the residual potential is lower than the standard value of the static parameter set, the acute angle coupling mode is enabled to enhance the sensitivity of risk identification.

[0118] The risk level partitioning submodule is used to convert the synthesized gradient vector into a quantifiable risk level;

[0119] Transient impact marker: Identify segments in the gradient vector that highly match the energy fluctuation trajectory captured by the dynamic scanning module and mark them as transient impact risk sources; the marker intensity is proportional to the state transition rate at the moment of load connection;

[0120] Continuous Deformation Early Warning: Detects abnormal sections where the gradient vector direction continuously deviates from the phase reference axis, and delineates structural fatigue risk zones by combining the trend of the second derivative of the cumulative deformation value of the medium structure.

[0121] Buffer layer mapping: The remaining buffer energy of the safety margin component is converted into a transparent protective layer, which covers the low gradient region of the risk hierarchy map to form a risk suppression buffer.

[0122] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The multidimensional data field construction submodule of this embodiment is used to construct a risk analysis basis based on the output results of the dual-modal comparison module; the safety margin fusion submodule is used to introduce safety margin component buffer pool data from the difference calculation stage; the gradient vector synthesis submodule is used to dynamically extract gradients from the fused multidimensional data field; and the risk level division submodule is used to convert the synthesized gradient vectors into quantifiable risk levels. This embodiment, through the layered fusion of multidimensional data fields and the dynamic synthesis of gradient vectors, enables the risk gradient map to reflect both real-time load impact intensity and long-term structural deformation trends. The orthogonal coupling mechanism between the main gradient basis and the auxiliary stress layer ensures the separation and identification of transient and persistent risks, while the buffer layer mapping achieves adaptive expansion of the safety boundary.

[0123] Example 7: Figure 4 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the third switching component provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0124] The real-time monitoring data stream activation module is used to activate the multi-source data parallel processing channel when the third switching component starts the security state trigger process.

[0125] Safety Index Tracking Chain: Continuously captures the final internal safety index output by the dynamic threshold calibration module during the working state, and extracts the instantaneous slope and acceleration characteristics of its fluctuation trajectory with a high-frequency sampling rate;

[0126] Historical residual quantity monitoring: Synchronously access the interface potential residual quantity release record stored in the first switching component to monitor whether the residual energy that was not completely cleared during the static state has a superimposed effect on the current safety index;

[0127] Stress prediction feedback: The latest output value of the structural stress index prediction model is synchronized with the real-time stress index generated by the hierarchical attenuation algorithm to detect the actual effect of the deformation compensation force field.

[0128] The threshold dynamic comparison module is used to establish a composite threshold breakthrough judgment mechanism;

[0129] Elastic boundary extension: Based on the high-temperature offset curve generated during the historical mode loading phase of the second switching component, a temperature compensation coefficient is applied to the preset safety threshold. When the temperature gradient of the medium in the current working state exceeds the deformation accumulation value correlation curve, a temporary threshold floating mechanism is triggered.

[0130] Dual-channel verification: The main channel verifies whether the final internal safety index exceeds the dynamic adjustment threshold, while the auxiliary channel detects whether the safety margin component buffer pool in the difference calculation stage reaches the overflow threshold; triggering either channel initiates the safety state preparation process.

[0131] The safe state trigger condition generation module is used to generate trigger signals with spatiotemporal constraints.

[0132] Phase-locking mechanism: Analyze the current waveform phase of the dynamic balance coefficient and allow the trigger signal to propagate only when the waveform is in a stable periodic range, thus avoiding false triggering due to parameter transitions;

[0133] Stress coupling verification: Perform matrix convolution operation between the transverse component in the structural stress index and the spatial distribution of the cumulative deformation value of the medium structure. When the convolution result exceeds the continuous deformation warning threshold in the risk gradient map, activate the forced triggering protocol.

[0134] Energy trajectory backtracking: Using the energy fluctuation trajectory stored in the dynamic parameter set capture module, a virtual circuit breaker model is constructed to verify whether the current load impact has the potential inertia to cause a continuous exponential increase;

[0135] The early warning signal generation and propagation module is used to construct a multi-dimensional early warning signal system;

[0136] Pulse sequence modulation: Generate a fundamental frequency pulse based on the waveform characteristics of the dynamic balance coefficient, and superimpose the duration parameter of the safety index exceeding the threshold to form a frequency modulation early warning signal;

[0137] Space energy dissipation: A warning signal propagation channel is constructed by releasing the residual interface potential, so that the signal strength is exponentially amplified as the cumulative value of the deformation of the medium structure increases;

[0138] Cross-component synchronization: Inject blocking codes into the first switching component to suppress it from receiving new load access requests during the warning period, while freezing the threshold dynamic adjustment module of the second switching component;

[0139] The working state termination protocol module is used to perform energy rollback and state solidification;

[0140] Dynamic balance attenuation: A gradual zeroing disturbance is applied to the dynamic balance coefficient output by the initial safety value generation module, causing its waveform amplitude to drop to the static parameter standard value within three oscillation cycles;

[0141] Stress relief topology: Based on the structural stress index distribution map generated by the hierarchical attenuation algorithm, create multi-node stress relief paths; prioritize the release of energy in regions where the cumulative deformation value exceeds the peak value of the spatial distribution density;

[0142] Threshold memory solidification: The safety threshold parameters of the current breakthrough and their associated high temperature offset curves are written into the historical working mode database as reinforcement learning samples for the next dynamic adjustment of the threshold.

[0143] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The real-time monitoring data stream activation module in this embodiment is used to activate the multi-source data parallel processing channel when the third switching component initiates the safe-state triggering process; the threshold dynamic comparison module is used to establish a composite threshold breakthrough judgment mechanism; the safe-state triggering condition generation module is used to generate trigger signals with spatiotemporal constraints; the early warning signal generation and propagation module is used to construct a multi-dimensional early warning signal system; and the working-state termination protocol module is used to execute energy rollback and state solidification. This embodiment constructs dual safety guarantees through phase locking and energy trajectory backtracking, enabling safe-state triggering to respond to real-time exponential changes while preventing potential inertial risks. The spatial energy dissipation characteristics of the early warning signal and the dynamic balance attenuation of the working-state termination protocol form an energy dissipation closed loop, while the dual-channel cleanup mechanism in the state rollback phase ensures that the system returns to an absolutely static base.

[0144] Example 8: Based on Examples 1-7, the mobile power supply provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a shell, an interface, an indicator light, a battery, and a controller; the shell is provided with an interface and an indicator light, and the battery and controller are installed inside the shell; the controller stores programs for a first switching component, a second switching component, and a third switching component.

[0145] The first switching component is used to obtain the load status of the power bank connection and switch the power bank between a static state and a working state according to the load status. When switching from a static state to a working state, a ready state is triggered to calculate the internal safety index of the power bank and obtain the internal safety index result.

[0146] The second switching component is used to compare the internal security index with the preset security threshold of the power bank, and determine whether the power bank should be triggered from the ready state to the working state based on the comparison result; when the internal security index is less than the preset security threshold of the power bank, the ready state is allowed to switch to the working state.

[0147] The third switching component is used to monitor the internal safety index in real time during operation. When the internal safety index is not less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, it triggers the safety state, issues an early warning, stops the operation state, and switches to the static state.

[0148] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This embodiment realizes precise switching between four levels of mobile power supply: static state, ready state, working state and safe state, ensuring safe and controllable charging and discharging process; by monitoring the internal safety index and comparing it with the threshold in real time, it actively warns and cuts off abnormal operating conditions to prevent overload or overheating risks; the three sets of switching components cooperate in a layered manner, covering the entire process of load access judgment, threshold dynamic adjustment and emergency protection, improving system reliability.

[0149] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of equivalents of this invention, this invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A battery protection system for a portable power bank, characterized in that, Include: The first switching component is used to obtain the load status of the power bank connection and switch the power bank between a static state and a working state according to the load status. When switching from a static state to a working state, a ready state is triggered to calculate the internal safety index of the power bank and obtain the internal safety index result. The second switching component is used to compare the internal security index with the preset security threshold of the power bank, and determine whether the power bank is triggered from the ready state to the working state based on the comparison result. When the internal safety index is less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, the ready state is allowed to switch to the working state; The third switching component is used to monitor the internal safety index of the working state in real time. When the internal safety index is not less than the preset safety threshold of the power bank, the safety state is triggered, an alarm is issued, the working state is stopped, and the system switches to the static state. The first switching component includes: The dynamic parameter set capture module is used to activate the multi-dimensional parameter acquisition network when the first switching component triggers the ready state. It acquires the static parameter set stored by the mobile power supply during the static state through the cross-sensing channel, including three core parameters: energy carrier stability, residual interface potential, and cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation. At the same time, it activates the dynamic scanning module to collect the energy fluctuation trajectory and state transition rate generated at the moment the current load is connected at a preset frequency to obtain dynamic scanning data. The parameter fusion and feature evolution module is used to input static parameter sets and dynamic scan data into a two-layer fusion architecture; The initial safety value generation module is used to input the dynamic equilibrium coefficient and the structural stress index into the nonlinear compensation channel. When the load access characteristic is detected to be abrupt, a positive compensation weight is applied to the dynamic equilibrium coefficient; if it is a gradual type, the negative compensation mechanism of the structural stress index is activated. The compensated dual parameters are vector synthesized in the normalization processing unit to output the initial safety value. The dynamic threshold calibration module is used to input the initial safety value into the adaptive threshold space of the power bank. The adaptive threshold space dynamically adjusts the comparison benchmark according to the historical working mode database. The difference between the calibrated dynamic threshold and the initial safety value is calculated to obtain the final internal safety index. The two-layer fusion architecture of the parameter fusion and feature evolution module: The first layer performs waveform matching analysis on the stability of the energy carrier and the energy fluctuation trajectory to generate dynamic balance coefficients; The second layer establishes correlation matrices between the residual interface potential and the cumulative value of the dielectric structure deformation and the state transition rate, respectively, and calculates the structural stress index through a hierarchical attenuation algorithm.

2. The battery protection system for a mobile power bank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the dynamic threshold calibration module, when a high-temperature operation record is detected in the previous working cycle, the reference value shifts downward according to the preset curve; if multiple consecutive short-term charge and discharge cycles are detected, the reference value increment program is activated.

3. The battery protection system for a mobile power bank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter fusion and feature evolution module includes: The correlation matrix construction submodule is used to establish a three-dimensional correlation field based on the residual interface potential, the cumulative value of dielectric structure deformation, and the state transition rate. The hierarchical attenuation topology generation submodule is used to construct a hierarchical processing channel containing a primary attenuation layer, a secondary attenuation layer, and a dynamic feedback loop on the basic matrix. The stress index synthesis submodule is used to input the hierarchically attenuated data into a multi-channel fusion unit that includes longitudinal stress components, transverse stress components, and spatiotemporal coupling operations. The longitudinal stress component of the stress index synthesis submodule: extract the residual interface potential after the primary attenuation layer is processed, and associate it with the current load access characteristics. If it is a sudden load, the residual fluctuation component of the residual value is superimposed. Lateral stress components: The maximum deformation gradient value and its spatial distribution density are extracted from the deformation energy distribution spectrum output by the secondary attenuation layer, and normalized and corrected by combining the historical deformation recovery rate of the medium structure. Spatiotemporal coupling operation: The longitudinal and transverse components are vector superimposed in the weight space defined by the rate mapping layer. During the superposition process, invalid noise data caused by layer attenuation is automatically removed, and the final output is a structural stress index with spatiotemporal continuity.

4. The battery protection system for a mobile power bank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic threshold calibration module includes: The threshold activation preprocessing submodule is used to superimpose the baseline value output by the adaptive threshold space with the high temperature offset curve and short-term charge-discharge increment record in the historical working mode database to generate an active threshold with time decay characteristics; and activate the corresponding threshold compensation factor according to the load access feature type captured by the current dynamic scanning module. The difference space construction submodule is used to establish the mapping relationship between the initial safety value and the activity threshold in the normalized dimension space; The dynamic difference core operation submodule is used to perform multi-dimensional difference analysis between the activity threshold and the initial safety value; The security index reconstruction submodule is used to convert multi-channel difference results into quantifiable evaluation values.

5. The battery protection system for a mobile power bank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second switching component includes: The threshold dynamic adjustment module is used to activate the threshold adaptive engine before the second switching component receives the internal security index. A dual-modal comparison module is used to establish a dual interactive channel between the internal security index and the dynamically adjusted threshold; The transition state processing module is used to smoothly transition the execution state before switching from the ready state to the working state; The decision condition generation module is used to switch permission signals between synthesized states by comparing the results.

6. The battery protection system for a mobile power bank as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The decision condition generation module includes: The multidimensional data field construction submodule is used to construct a risk analysis basis based on the output of the dual-modal comparison module. The safety margin fusion submodule is used to introduce safety margin component buffer pool data during the difference calculation stage; The gradient vector synthesis submodule is used to dynamically extract gradients from the fused multidimensional data field; The risk level partitioning submodule is used to convert the synthesized gradient vector into a quantifiable risk level; By detecting abnormal sections where the gradient vector direction continuously deviates from the phase reference axis, and combining the trend of the second derivative of the cumulative deformation of the medium structure, structural fatigue risk zones are delineated.

7. A portable power bank, used to carry the battery protection system of the portable power bank according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The power bank includes: a shell, an interface, an indicator light, a battery, and a controller; the shell is provided with an interface and an indicator light, and the battery and controller are installed inside the shell. The controller stores programs for a first switching component, a second switching component, and a third switching component.

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