Photovoltaic charging system and method, vehicle, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic charging system and method, a vehicle, equipment and a storage medium, the photovoltaic charging system comprises a first photovoltaic array and a first photovoltaic controller, the first photovoltaic array comprises a plurality of photovoltaic pieces connected in series, and the first photovoltaic controller is connected with the first photovoltaic array to output a first voltage; the first photovoltaic controller outputs the first voltage according to the voltage of the plurality of photovoltaic pieces connected in series, the voltage value of the first voltage can be increased, the first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array, the first voltage can be further output to the maximum extent, and therefore the utilization rate of photovoltaic electric energy is increased, and the utilization rate of the photovoltaic electric energy is increased. When the photovoltaic energy is used for driving the electric automobile to run, the proportion of the photovoltaic electric energy in the driving energy of the electric automobile can be increased, and the endurance mileage can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy application technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic charging system, method, vehicle, device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Using solar photovoltaics to power electric vehicles can overcome the shortcomings of existing electric vehicles, such as long charging times, frequent charging, and short driving range. However, existing technologies using photovoltaic energy to power electric vehicles only provide less than 30% of the required driving energy and are highly dependent on weather conditions. Therefore, existing technologies cannot fully utilize photovoltaic power. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic charging system, method, vehicle, device and storage medium, which improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic power to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic charging system is provided, which includes a first photovoltaic array and a first photovoltaic controller, the first photovoltaic array includes a plurality of photovoltaic elements connected in series; the first photovoltaic controller is connected to the first photovoltaic array to output a first voltage, wherein the first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array.

[0005] According to a second aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic charging method is also provided, which includes: determining a global maximum power point of a first photovoltaic array, the first photovoltaic array including a plurality of photovoltaic elements connected in series; determining a first voltage according to the global maximum power point, so as to charge based on the first voltage.

[0006] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, which includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging system, a power battery and an electric drive unit, and the electric drive unit is connected to the power battery.

[0007] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, which includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging system.

[0008] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging method.

[0009] According to a sixth aspect of the present application, a storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging method is implemented.

[0010] The photovoltaic charging system, method, vehicle, equipment and storage medium of the embodiments of the present application can increase the voltage value of the first voltage by outputting the first voltage according to the voltage of multiple photovoltaic devices connected in series through the first photovoltaic controller, and can further maximize the output of the first voltage based on the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive an electric vehicle, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of the electric vehicle can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the cruising range.

[0011] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0013] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same drawing numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0014] Figure 1 is a first principle block diagram of a photovoltaic charging system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a first voltage converter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a second voltage converter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 4 is a second principle block diagram of a photovoltaic charging system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a first processor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 6 is a third principle block diagram of a photovoltaic charging system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 7 is an equivalent circuit model of a photovoltaic cell provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 8is a schematic diagram of IV and PV curves of a first photovoltaic array provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure under uniform illumination;

[0022] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of IV and PV curves of a first photovoltaic array provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure under non-uniform illumination;

[0023] Figure 10 is a first schematic diagram of a three-step search method provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 11 is a second schematic diagram of a three-step search method provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 12 FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of the three-step search method provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 11. First photovoltaic array; 12. Second photovoltaic array;

[0028] 21. First photovoltaic controller; 22. Second photovoltaic controller;

[0029] 30. First voltage converter; 31. First phase boost branch; 32. Second phase boost branch; 33. Third phase boost branch;

[0030] 40. Second voltage converter; 41. First phase step-down branch; 42. Second phase step-down branch; 43. Third phase step-down branch;

[0031] 50. Power battery;

[0032] 60. Low voltage battery;

[0033] 71. First acquisition circuit; 81. First processor;

[0034] 72. Second acquisition circuit; 82. Second processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 12 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic charging system, such as Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic charging system includes a first photovoltaic array 11, a first photovoltaic controller 21, a first voltage converter 30 and a second voltage converter 40. The first photovoltaic array 11 includes a plurality of photovoltaic components connected in series. The first photovoltaic controller 21 is connected to the first photovoltaic array 11 to output a first voltage, and the first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11.

[0037] It is understood that the series-connected photovoltaic elements can form a high-voltage module, which exhibits a single peak value when the illumination is uniform and multiple peak values when the illumination is uneven. That is, under uniform illumination, the PV curve of the first photovoltaic array has a single global maximum power point (GMPP); under partial shading, the PV curve of the first photovoltaic array includes, in addition to a single global maximum power point (GMPP), multiple local maximum power points (LMPP), with the value of the global maximum power point being greater than the value of the local maximum power points. The photovoltaic charging system, method, vehicle, device, and storage medium of this embodiment output a first voltage based on the voltages of the multiple series-connected photovoltaic elements through the first photovoltaic controller 21, thereby increasing the voltage value of the first voltage. Furthermore, by determining the first voltage based on the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, the output of the first voltage can be further maximized, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive an electric vehicle, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of the electric vehicle can also be increased, thereby facilitating an increase in driving range.

[0038] It should be noted that the number of photovoltaic devices connected in series is greater than the number of photovoltaic devices connected in parallel. For example, the number of photovoltaic devices connected in series can be four, five, six, or more, while the number of photovoltaic devices connected in parallel can be two or three. The first voltage converter 30 can be used for DC boosting. The second voltage converter 40 can be used for DC step-down. The photovoltaic device can be a photovoltaic panel or a photovoltaic cell.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic charging system further includes a first voltage converter 30 , which is adapted to connect the first photovoltaic controller 21 and the power battery 50 of the vehicle, and is used to convert the first voltage into a charging voltage for the power battery 50 .

[0040] It should be noted that the first voltage converter 30 can perform a voltage boosting function.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the first voltage converter 30 includes at least two of a first phase boost branch 31 , a second phase boost branch 32 and a third phase boost branch 33 which are connected in parallel and staggered.

[0042] It should be noted that the three-phase boost branches are connected in parallel and interleaved to form a three-phase interleaved parallel boost topology. During operation, each branch operates at the same frequency but in different phases, with each phase shifted by 120°, and the switches operate alternately. This embodiment effectively achieves higher power output capacity, avoids current fluctuations caused by direct parallel connection of switches, reduces switch capacity requirements, increases input current ripple frequency, and reduces ripple amplitude, facilitating filter circuit design and minimizing switching losses.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first-phase boost branch 31 includes a first inductor L1, a first switch tube D1, and a second switch tube D2; the first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the positive output terminal outputting the first voltage, the first pole of the first switch tube D1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the power battery 50, the second pole of the first switch tube D1 is connected to the first pole of the second switch tube D2 and the second end of the first inductor L1, and the control pole of the first switch tube D1 is suitable for receiving the first drive signal S1; the control pole of the second switch tube D2 is suitable for receiving the second drive signal S2, and the second pole of the second switch tube D2 is connected to the negative output terminal outputting the first voltage and the negative pole of the power battery 50.

[0044] It should be noted that the current flowing through the first inductor L1 is the first current IL1. The first switch D1 serves as the upper arm of the first-phase boost branch 31, and the second switch D2 serves as the lower arm of the first-phase boost branch 31. The first switch D1 and the second switch D2 are complementary, that is, the first switch D1 and the second switch D2 are turned on in a time-sharing manner.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second-phase boost branch 32 includes a second inductor L2, a third switch D3, and a fourth switch D4; the first end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the first inductor L1, the first electrode of the third switch D3 is connected to the first electrode of the first switch D1, the second electrode of the third switch D3 is connected to the first electrode of the fourth switch D4 and the second end of the second inductor L2, and the control electrode of the third switch D3 is suitable for receiving the third drive signal S3; the control electrode of the fourth switch D4 is suitable for receiving the fourth drive signal S4, and the second electrode of the fourth switch D4 is connected to the second electrode of the second switch D2.

[0046] It should be noted that the current flowing through the second inductor L2 is the second current IL2. The third switch D3 serves as the upper arm of the second-phase boost branch 32, and the fourth switch D4 serves as the lower arm of the second-phase boost branch 32. The third switch D3 and the fourth switch D4 are complementary to each other, that is, the third switch D3 and the fourth switch D4 are turned on in a time-sharing manner.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the third-phase boost branch 33 includes a third inductor L3, a fifth switch D5, and a sixth switch D6; a first end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the first end of the first inductor L1, a first electrode of the fifth switch D5 is connected to the first electrode of the first switch D1, a second electrode of the fifth switch D5 is connected to the first electrode of the sixth switch D6 and the second end of the third inductor L3, a control electrode of the fifth switch D5 is adapted to receive a fifth drive signal S5; a control electrode of the sixth switch D6 is adapted to receive a sixth drive signal S6, and a second electrode of the sixth switch D6 is coupled to the second electrode of the second switch D2.

[0048] It should be noted that the current flowing through the third inductor L3 is the third current IL3. The fifth switch D5 serves as the upper arm of the third-phase boost branch 33, and the sixth switch D6 serves as the lower arm of the third-phase boost branch 33. The fifth switch D5 and the sixth switch D6 are complementary, that is, the fifth switch D5 and the sixth switch D6 are time-sharingly conductive.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first voltage converter 30 further includes a first capacitor C1 , a first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery 50 , and a second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery 50 .

[0050] It should be noted that first capacitor C1 is used to smooth the output voltage of first voltage converter 30, reducing output voltage fluctuations caused by ripple in the inductor currents. During the switching operation, the corresponding inductor stores energy, which is released during the switching operation. First capacitor C1 helps maintain a stable output voltage during this process.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic charging system also includes a first processor 81, which is connected to the first photovoltaic array 11, the first photovoltaic controller 21 and the first voltage converter 30, and is used to obtain a drive signal of the first voltage converter 30 based on the output voltage (first output voltage) of the first photovoltaic array 11, the first voltage and the sampling current of the first voltage converter 30.

[0052] The sampled currents of the first voltage converter 30 include a first current IL1, a second current IL2, and a third current IL3. The drive signals of the first voltage converter 30 include a first drive signal S1, a second drive signal S2, a third drive signal S3, a fourth drive signal S4, a fifth drive signal S5, and a sixth drive signal S6. The first current IL1 is the current flowing through the first inductor L1, the second current IL2 is the current flowing through the second inductor L2, and the third current IL3 is the current flowing through the third inductor L3. The first voltage is the voltage corresponding to the global maximum power point obtained by the first photovoltaic controller 21 based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the working state of the first voltage converter 30 is switched by the first drive signal S1, the second drive signal S2, the third drive signal S3, the fourth drive signal S4, the fifth drive signal S5 and the sixth drive signal S6, so that the equivalent load of the photovoltaic cell is matched with its equivalent internal resistance, so that each photovoltaic cell operates at its maximum power output state.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic charging system further includes a first acquisition circuit 71, which is connected to the first photovoltaic array 11, the first voltage converter 30 and the first processor 81. The first acquisition circuit 71 is used to sample the output voltage (first output voltage) of the first photovoltaic array 11 and the current of the first voltage converter 30.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the working state of the first voltage converter 30 is switched by the first drive signal S1, the second drive signal S2, the third drive signal S3, the fourth drive signal S4, the fifth drive signal S5 and the sixth drive signal S6, so that the equivalent load of the photovoltaic cell is matched with its equivalent internal resistance, so that each photovoltaic cell operates at its maximum power output state.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic charging system also includes a second photovoltaic array 12 and a second photovoltaic controller 22. The second photovoltaic array 12 includes a plurality of parallel photovoltaic components. The second photovoltaic controller 22 is connected to the second photovoltaic array 12 to output a second voltage; wherein the second voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the second photovoltaic array 12.

[0057] It should be noted that the second photovoltaic controller 22 outputs the second voltage according to the voltages of multiple photovoltaic devices in parallel, and the second voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the second photovoltaic array 12, which can maximize the output of the second voltage and thus improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic power.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic charging system further includes a second voltage converter 40 , which is adapted to be connected to the second photovoltaic controller 22 and the low-voltage battery 60 , and is used to convert the second voltage into a charging voltage for the low-voltage battery 60 .

[0059] It should be noted that the second voltage converter 40 may be a step-down circuit.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second voltage converter 40 includes at least two of a first phase step-down branch 41 , a second phase step-down branch 42 and a third phase step-down branch 43 which are connected in parallel and staggered.

[0061] It should be noted that the three-phase step-down branches are connected in parallel and work interleaved with each other to form a three-phase interleaved parallel step-down topology. When working, each branch has the same frequency but different phases, and the phase difference between each phase is 120°. The switching tubes work alternately, which reduces the power loss of the device.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first-phase step-down branch 41 includes a fourth inductor L4, a seventh switch tube D7, and an eighth switch tube D8; the first electrode of the seventh switch tube D7 is connected to the positive output terminal outputting the second voltage, the control electrode of the seventh switch tube D7 is suitable for receiving the seventh drive signal S7, the second electrode of the seventh switch tube D7 is connected to the first end of the fourth inductor L4 and the first electrode of the eighth switch tube D8, the second end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery 60; the second electrode of the eighth switch tube D8 is connected to the negative output terminal outputting the second voltage and the negative electrode of the low-voltage battery 60, and the control electrode of the eighth switch tube D8 is suitable for receiving the eighth drive signal S8.

[0063] It should be noted that the current flowing through the fourth inductor L4 is the fourth current IL4. The seventh switch D7 serves as the upper arm of the first-phase step-down branch 41, and the eighth switch D8 serves as the lower arm of the first-phase step-down branch 41. The seventh switch D7 and the eighth switch D8 are complementary to each other, that is, the seventh switch D7 and the eighth switch D8 are time-sharingly turned on.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second-phase step-down branch 42 includes a fifth inductor L5, a ninth switch D9, and a tenth switch D10; a first electrode of the ninth switch D9 is connected to a first electrode of the seventh switch D7, a control electrode of the ninth switch D9 is adapted to receive a ninth drive signal S9, a second electrode of the ninth switch D9 is connected to a first end of the fifth inductor L5 and a first electrode of the tenth switch D10, a second end of the fifth inductor L5 is connected to a second end of the fourth inductor L4; a second electrode of the tenth switch D10 is connected to a second electrode of the eighth switch D8, and a control electrode of the tenth switch D10 is adapted to receive a tenth drive signal S10.

[0065] It should be noted that the current flowing through the fifth inductor L5 is the fifth current IL5. The ninth switch D9 serves as the upper arm of the second-phase step-down branch 42, and the tenth switch D10 serves as the lower arm of the second-phase step-down branch 42. The ninth switch D9 and the tenth switch D10 are complementary to each other, that is, the ninth switch D9 and the tenth switch D10 are time-sharingly turned on.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the third-phase step-down branch 43 includes a sixth inductor L6, an eleventh switch D11, and a twelfth switch D12; a first electrode of the eleventh switch D11 is connected to a first electrode of the seventh switch D7, a control electrode of the eleventh switch D11 is adapted to receive an eleventh drive signal S11, a second electrode of the eleventh switch D11 is connected to a first end of the sixth inductor L6 and a first electrode of the twelfth switch D12, a second end of the sixth inductor L6 is connected to a second end of the fourth inductor L4; a second electrode of the twelfth switch D12 is connected to a second electrode of the eighth switch D8, and a control electrode of the twelfth switch D12 is adapted to receive a twelfth drive signal S12.

[0067] It should be noted that the current flowing through the sixth inductor L6 is the sixth current IL6. The eleventh switch D11 serves as the upper arm of the third-phase step-down branch 43, and the twelfth switch D12 serves as the lower arm of the third-phase step-down branch 43. The eleventh switch D11 and the twelfth switch D12 are complementary to each other, that is, the eleventh switch D11 and the twelfth switch D12 are time-sharingly turned on.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second voltage converter 40 further includes a second capacitor C2 , a first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery 60 , and a second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the negative electrode of the low-voltage battery 60 .

[0069] It should be noted that the second capacitor C2 is used to smooth the output voltage of the second voltage converter 40, reducing output voltage fluctuations caused by ripple in the inductor currents. During the switching operation, the corresponding inductor stores energy, which is released during the switching operation. The second capacitor C2 helps maintain a stable output voltage during this process.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the photovoltaic charging system also includes a second processor 82, which is connected to the second photovoltaic array 12, the second photovoltaic controller 22 and the second voltage converter 40, and is used to obtain a drive signal for the second voltage converter 40 based on the second voltage, the output voltage of the second photovoltaic array 12 (the second output voltage) and the sampled current of the second voltage converter 40.

[0071] The sampled currents of the second voltage converter 40 include a fourth current IL4, a fifth current IL5, and a sixth current IL6. The drive signals of the second voltage converter 40 include a seventh drive signal S7, an eighth drive signal S8, a ninth drive signal S9, a tenth drive signal S10, an eleventh drive signal S11, and a twelfth drive signal S12. The fourth current IL4 is the current flowing through the fourth inductor L4, the fifth current IL5 is the current flowing through the fifth inductor L5, and the sixth current IL6 is the current flowing through the sixth inductor L6. The second voltage is the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point obtained by the second PV controller 22 based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the working state of the second voltage converter 40 is switched by the seventh drive signal S7, the eighth drive signal S8, the ninth drive signal S9, the tenth drive signal S10, the eleventh drive signal S11 and the twelfth drive signal S12, so that the equivalent load of the photovoltaic cell is matched with its equivalent internal resistance, so that each photovoltaic cell operates at its maximum power output state.

[0073] The second processor 82 can adopt the double closed-loop PI control framework of the first processor 81 to obtain the seventh drive signal S7 to the twelfth drive signal S12. The difference is that the specific values collected and the triangular carrier may change.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic charging system further includes a second acquisition circuit 72, which is connected to the second photovoltaic array 12, the second voltage converter 40 and the second processor 82. The second acquisition circuit 72 is used to obtain the output voltage (second output voltage) of the second photovoltaic array 12 and the sampled current of the second voltage converter 40.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the working state of the second voltage converter 40 is switched by the seventh drive signal S7, the eighth drive signal S8, the ninth drive signal S9, the tenth drive signal S10, the eleventh drive signal S11 and the twelfth drive signal S12, so that the equivalent load of the photovoltaic cell is matched with its equivalent internal resistance, so that each photovoltaic cell operates at its maximum power output state.

[0076] Figure 5Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the first processor 81 provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. It employs a dual-loop PI control framework. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm provides a first voltage (U*) corresponding to the maximum power point. The voltage loop (PI1) ensures that the system operates at the first voltage while providing a current reference for the current loop (PI2). The three current loops (PI2) achieve three-phase current sharing.

[0077] The specific control principle is: collecting the first output voltage Upv, the first current IL1, the second current IL2 and the third current IL3 output by the plurality of photovoltaic devices connected in series, and inputting them into the first processor 81 through the sampling module.

[0078] Dual-loop control is used to compare Upv and U* to generate a first error signal. This error signal is fed into the voltage loop (PI1) to generate a first total current reference signal (I*). Because the topology uses a three-phase interleaved parallel circuit, I* is multiplied by 1 / 3 to obtain the first branch current reference signals (IL1*, IL2*, and IL3*) flowing through the inductor in each branch.

[0079] In the first branch, IL1* is compared with the sampled first current IL1 to obtain a second error signal. After the second error signal is calculated and limited by the current loop (PI2), it is compared with the triangular carrier to obtain a first drive signal S1 in the form of a PWM signal. The first drive signal S1 is processed by the inverter to obtain the second drive signal S2. The first drive signal S1 and the second drive signal S2 respectively control the duty cycles of the first switch D1 and the second switch D2 in sequence.

[0080] Similarly, in the second branch, IL2* is compared with the sampled second current IL2 to obtain a second error signal. After the second error signal is calculated and limited by the current loop (PI2), it is compared with the triangular carrier to obtain a third drive signal S3 in the form of a PWM signal. The third drive signal S3 is processed by the inverter to obtain a fourth drive signal S4. The third drive signal S3 and the fourth drive signal S4 respectively control the duty cycles of the third switch D3 and the fourth switch D4 in sequence.

[0081] Similarly, in the third branch, IL3* is compared with the sampled third current IL3 to obtain a second error signal. After the second error signal is calculated and limited by the current loop (PI2), it is compared with the triangular carrier to obtain a fifth drive signal S5 in the form of a PWM signal. The fifth drive signal S5 is processed by the inverter to obtain a sixth drive signal S6. The fifth drive signal S5 and the sixth drive signal S6 respectively control the duty cycles of the fifth switch D5 and the sixth switch D6.

[0082] The difference is that the phase of the triangular carrier in the first branch, the phase of the triangular carrier in the second branch, and the phase of the triangular carrier in the third branch are staggered by 120 degrees respectively.

[0083] Similarly, the working principle of the second processor 82 can be found in Figure 5 ,as follows:

[0084] Dual-loop control is employed to compare the second output voltage (Upv) with the second voltage (U*) to generate a third error signal. This third error signal is fed into the voltage loop (PI1) to generate a second total current reference signal (I*). Because the topology employs a three-phase interleaved parallel circuit, I* is multiplied by 1 / 3 to generate the second branch current reference signals (IL4*, IL5*, and IL6*) flowing through the inductor in each branch.

[0085] In the first branch, IL4* is compared with the sampled fourth current IL4 to obtain a fourth error signal. After calculation and amplitude limiting by the current loop (PI2), the fourth error signal is compared with the triangular carrier to obtain a seventh drive signal S7 in the form of a PWM signal. The seventh drive signal S7 is processed by an inverter to obtain an eighth drive signal S8. The seventh drive signal S7 and the eighth drive signal S8 respectively control the duty cycles of the seventh switch D7 and the eighth switch D8.

[0086] Similarly, in the second branch, IL5* is compared with the sampled fifth current IL5 to obtain a fourth error signal. After the fourth error signal is calculated and limited by the current loop (PI2), it is compared with the triangular carrier to obtain a ninth drive signal S9 in the form of a PWM signal. The ninth drive signal S9 is processed by the inverter to obtain the tenth drive signal S10. The ninth drive signal S9 and the tenth drive signal S10 control the duty cycles of the ninth switch D9 and the tenth switch D10, respectively.

[0087] Similarly, in the third branch, IL6* is compared with the sampled sixth current IL6 to obtain a fourth error signal. After the fourth error signal is calculated and limited by the current loop (PI2), it is compared with the triangular carrier to obtain an eleventh drive signal S11 in the form of a PWM signal. The eleventh drive signal S11 is processed by the inverter to obtain the twelfth drive signal S12. The eleventh drive signal S11 and the twelfth drive signal S12 respectively control the duty cycles of the eleventh switch D11 and the twelfth switch D12 in sequence.

[0088] The difference is that the phase of the triangular carrier in the first branch, the phase of the triangular carrier in the second branch, and the phase of the triangular carrier in the third branch are staggered by 120 degrees respectively.

[0089] The diode equivalent circuit model of a single PN junction of a photovoltaic cell is as follows: Figure 7Photovoltaic cells in photovoltaic devices convert light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic effect is when an object is exposed to light, the charge distribution within it changes, generating an electromotive force and current.

[0090] Among them, Figure 7 In the equation, U and I are the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell. SC is the short-circuit current. I0 is the reverse saturation current of the PN junction equivalent diode. R s is the series resistance, R sh is the parallel resistance. q is the electron charge constant, which is 1.602×10-19C. A is the ideality factor of the PN junction equivalent diode, generally ranging from 1 to 1.25. T is the temperature of the photovoltaic cell. K is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10-23J / K. The forward operating UI characteristic equation is shown in Equation (1).

[0091]

[0092] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of IV and PV curves of the first photovoltaic array 11 provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure under uniform illumination; Figure 9 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of IV and PV curves of the first photovoltaic array 11 provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure under non-uniform illumination.

[0093] from Figure 8 It can be seen that under uniform irradiation conditions, the power-voltage (PV) characteristic curve of the first photovoltaic array 11 has a single peak, and both the perturbation-observation method and the conductance increment method as MPPT algorithms can track the maximum power point (MPP).

[0094] Among them, multiple photovoltaic modules connected in parallel can form a low-voltage module, and its PV curve has only one peak, so the conductance increment method can be used to track the maximum power point.

[0095] However, if Figure 9 As shown in the figure, under partial shading, the PV curve of the first photovoltaic array 11 has not only a global maximum power point (GMPP) but also multiple local maximum power points (LMPP). Due to the presence of multiple peaks, traditional algorithms are prone to falling into the LMPP, which reduces the power generation efficiency of the first photovoltaic array 11.

[0096] Among them, six photovoltaic modules connected in series can form a high-voltage module. When the lighting is uneven, multiple peaks will appear. The three-step search method belonging to the MPPT algorithm can not only reduce the time of searching for the maximum power point, but also enable the high-voltage module to operate at the global maximum power point.

[0097] This embodiment also provides a photovoltaic charging method, which is applied to the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging system. The photovoltaic charging method includes: determining a global maximum power point of a first photovoltaic array 11, where the first photovoltaic array 11 includes multiple photovoltaic elements connected in series; determining a first voltage based on the global maximum power point, and charging based on the first voltage.

[0098] It can be understood that the photovoltaic charging method of this embodiment can also increase the voltage value of the first voltage by outputting the first voltage according to the voltage of multiple photovoltaic devices connected in series, and determine the first voltage according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, which can further maximize the output of the first voltage, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive electric vehicles, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of electric vehicles can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the cruising range.

[0099] In some embodiments, determining the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array includes: determining a target tracking method for the maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array; and determining the global maximum power point based on the target tracking method.

[0100] In some embodiments, determining a target tracking method for the maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array includes: obtaining a detection result of the first photovoltaic array according to a partial shading detection function; and determining the target tracking method according to the detection result.

[0101] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic charging method further includes: obtaining a detection result of the local shading detection function on the first photovoltaic array 11; and determining a tracking method for the maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11 based on the detection result.

[0102] In some embodiments, if the detection result indicates that the first photovoltaic array 11 is uniformly illuminated, the target based method is the conductance increment method.

[0103] In some embodiments, determining the global maximum power point based on a target tracking method includes: using 0.6 times the first output voltage as a voltage starting point, and using a conductance increment method to determine the maximum power point as the global maximum power point.

[0104] It should be noted that the partial shading detection function can detect whether the illumination received by the first photovoltaic array 11 is uniform. In the case of uniform illumination, the conductance increment method is used with 0.6 times the first output voltage as the voltage starting point to reduce the search time for determining the maximum power point.

[0105] Optionally, if the detection result indicates that there is a local shadow under the illumination received by the first photovoltaic array 11 , the target tracking method is a three-step search method.

[0106] Optionally, 0.6 times the open-circuit voltage of a single photovoltaic device is used as a voltage starting point, and a three-step search method is used to determine the global maximum power point.

[0107] The three-step search method includes the following steps:

[0108] The power voltage (P pv -V pv ) The first power peak point (M1) in the curve, and record the power corresponding to the first power peak point, that is, P m1 and voltage V m1 .

[0109] Based on the rate of change of power with voltage (dP / dV), an operating point (B1) and a segmentation point (A1) located after the first power peak point are obtained.

[0110] Based on the first voltage increased with a fixed step size, a rate of change of power with respect to voltage is calculated.

[0111] Determine the segmentation point based on the rate of change. The point corresponding to the change rate from positive to negative is the segmentation point. Record the current corresponding to the segmentation point, i.e., I SC2 is the short-circuit current I of the photovoltaic module SCj .

[0112] The operating point is determined based on the short-circuit current corresponding to the segment point and the power corresponding to the first power peak point. The voltage corresponding to the operating point is determined based on the division result of the power corresponding to the first power peak point and the short-circuit current; the operating point is determined based on the voltage corresponding to the operating point. m1 Divide by the short-circuit current I SCj , we get the voltage of the operating point, V B1 , thus determining the operating point and its corresponding current I B1 The voltage range between A1 and B1 does not need to be searched for the maximum power point, so skipping it directly can save search time.

[0113] Based on the current relationship between the operating point and the segmentation point, it is determined whether it is necessary to search for the second power peak point (M2).

[0114] Based on the current relationship, the positional relationship between the operating point and the second power peak point is determined; and according to the positional relationship, it is determined whether the second power peak point needs to be searched.

[0115] like Figure 10 As shown, if the current relationship indicates that the current corresponding to the working point is less than 0.9 times the current corresponding to the segment point, then I B1 Less than the current corresponding to the second power peak point, that is, I m2 , the power P corresponding to the second power peak point m2 Less than P m1 , indicating that the second power peak point is a local peak power point and does not need to be searched.

[0116] If I B1 ≥0.9 times the current corresponding to the segment point, that is, I A1 And dP / dV<0, indicating that B1 is in the area with reduced power on the right side of the peak point, has passed M2, and still has V B1 >V m2 Obviously, M2 is between point A1 and point B1, and also has P m2 <P m1 , it can also be determined that the second power peak point is a local peak power point and no search is required.

[0117] like Figure 11 As shown, if the current relationship indicates that the current corresponding to the working point is greater than or equal to 0.9 times the current corresponding to the segment point, and the rate of change is positive, it is determined that the second power peak point needs to be searched.

[0118] Since the IV curve decreases monotonically, V B1 <V m2 , B1 is on the left side of M2. Since dP / dV>0, it means that the power is still increasing, so we can judge that P m2 Greater than the recorded P m1 , it is necessary to search for the second power peak point M2.

[0119] The three-step search method is executed repeatedly until the maximum power point is found.

[0120] It needs to be explained that Figure 10 is a first schematic diagram of a three-step search method provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 11 is a second schematic diagram of a three-step search method provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 12 FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of the three-step search method provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0121] exist Figures 10 to 12Figure 2 shows the current-voltage (IV) and power-voltage (PV) characteristics of a solar cell. The IV characteristic curve shows how the current of a solar cell changes at different voltages. Points on the curve, such as A0, A1, A2, B1, B2, M1, M2, and M3, represent different operating states.

[0122] The PV characteristic curve shows the power output of a solar cell at different voltages. The equal power lines on the IV characteristic curve indicate that the cell can output the same power at different currents and voltages.

[0123] Short-circuit current (I SC ):On the IV characteristic curve, I SC1 , I SC2 , I SC3 Represents the short-circuit current under different lighting conditions.

[0124] Open circuit voltage (V OC ):On the PV characteristic curve, V OC Indicates the voltage of the battery in open circuit state.

[0125] Figures 10 to 12 This is used to exemplify and help understand the above three-step search method, but the three-step search method is not limited thereto.

[0126] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging system, a power battery 50, a low-voltage battery 60, an electric drive unit and a low-voltage load, wherein the electric drive unit is connected to the power battery 50; and the low-voltage load is connected to the low-voltage battery 60.

[0127] It can be understood that since the vehicle of this embodiment includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging system, it can also output the first voltage according to the voltage of multiple photovoltaic components connected in series through the first photovoltaic controller 21, which can increase the voltage value of the first voltage. Moreover, the first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, which can further maximize the output of the first voltage, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive electric vehicles, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of electric vehicles can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the cruising range.

[0128] It should be noted that the roof of the vehicle can be divided into two parts, one part is used to carry multiple photovoltaic components connected in series, and the other part is used to carry multiple photovoltaic components connected in parallel.

[0129] This embodiment further provides an electronic device, which includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging system, or the electronic device includes the above-mentioned vehicle.

[0130] It can be understood that the electronic device provided in this embodiment can also output the first voltage according to the voltage of multiple photovoltaic devices connected in series through the first photovoltaic controller 21, which can increase the voltage value of the first voltage. Moreover, the first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, which can further maximize the output of the first voltage, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive electric vehicles, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of electric vehicles can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the cruising range.

[0131] This embodiment further provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging method.

[0132] It can be understood that the electronic device provided in this embodiment can also output the first voltage according to the voltage of multiple photovoltaic devices connected in series through the first photovoltaic controller 21, which can increase the voltage value of the first voltage. Moreover, the first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, which can further maximize the output of the first voltage, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive electric vehicles, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of electric vehicles can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the cruising range.

[0133] This embodiment also provides a controller that executes the above-mentioned photovoltaic charging method. It is understood that the controller provided in this embodiment can also output a first voltage based on the voltage of multiple photovoltaic devices connected in series through the first photovoltaic controller 21, which can increase the voltage value of the first voltage. Moreover, by determining the first voltage based on the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, the output of the first voltage can be further maximized, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive the operation of the electric vehicle, it can also increase the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of the electric vehicle, which is conducive to improving the driving range.

[0134] This embodiment also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described photovoltaic charging method. It is understood that the storage medium provided in this embodiment can also output a first voltage based on the voltages of multiple photovoltaic devices connected in series through the first photovoltaic controller 21, thereby increasing the voltage value of the first voltage. Moreover, by determining the first voltage based on the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array 11, the output of the first voltage can be further maximized, thereby improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power. When photovoltaic energy is used to drive an electric vehicle, the proportion of photovoltaic power in the driving energy of the electric vehicle can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the driving range.

[0135] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0136] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0137] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0138] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic charging system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system includes: a first photovoltaic array, the first photovoltaic array comprising a plurality of photovoltaic elements connected in series; a first photovoltaic controller connected to the first photovoltaic array to output a first voltage; The first voltage is determined according to a global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array.

2. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system further includes a first voltage converter, which is adapted to connect the first photovoltaic controller and a power battery of a vehicle and is used to convert the first voltage into a charging voltage for the power battery.

3. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first voltage converter includes at least two of a first phase boost branch, a second phase boost branch, and a third phase boost branch that are staggered in parallel.

4. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first phase boost branch includes a first inductor, a first switch tube and a second switch tube; The first end of the first inductor is connected to the positive output end of the first voltage, the first electrode of the first switching tube is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery, the second electrode of the first switching tube is connected to the first electrode of the second switching tube and the second end of the first inductor, and the control electrode of the first switching tube is suitable for receiving a first drive signal; The control electrode of the second switch tube is suitable for receiving a second drive signal, and the second electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the negative electrode output end of the first voltage and the negative electrode of the power battery.

5. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second-phase boost branch includes a second inductor, a third switch tube, and a fourth switch tube; The first end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the first electrode of the third switching tube is connected to the first electrode of the first switching tube, the second electrode of the third switching tube is connected to the first electrode of the fourth switching tube and the second end of the second inductor, and the control electrode of the third switching tube is suitable for receiving a third driving signal; The control electrode of the fourth switch tube is suitable for receiving a fourth driving signal, and the second electrode of the fourth switch tube is connected to the second electrode of the second switch tube.

6. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third-phase boost branch includes a third inductor, a fifth switch tube, and a sixth switch tube; The first end of the third inductor is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the first electrode of the fifth switching tube is connected to the first electrode of the first switching tube, the second electrode of the fifth switching tube is connected to the first electrode of the sixth switching tube and the second end of the third inductor, and the control electrode of the fifth switching tube is suitable for receiving a fifth driving signal; The control electrode of the sixth switch tube is suitable for receiving a sixth driving signal, and the second electrode of the sixth switch tube is connected to the second electrode of the second switch tube.

7. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first voltage converter further includes a first capacitor, wherein a first end of the first capacitor is adapted to be connected to the positive electrode of the power battery, and a second end of the first capacitor is adapted to be connected to the negative electrode of the power battery.

8. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system further includes: A first processor is connected to the first photovoltaic array, the first photovoltaic controller and the first voltage converter, and is used to obtain a drive signal for the first voltage converter based on the output voltage of the first photovoltaic array, the first voltage and the sampled current of the first voltage converter.

9. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system further includes: A first acquisition circuit is connected to the first photovoltaic array, the first voltage converter and the first processor, and is used to obtain the output voltage of the first photovoltaic array and the sampled current of the first voltage converter.

10. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first processor is configured to: comparing the output voltage of the first photovoltaic array with the first voltage to obtain a first error signal; performing voltage loop processing on the first error signal to obtain a first total current reference signal; Performing a division result of the first total current reference signal and the number of phases of the boost branch of the first voltage converter to obtain a first branch current reference signal; respectively comparing the first branch current reference signal with the current of each of the boost branches to obtain a corresponding second error signal; The second error signal is subjected to current loop and amplitude limiting processing to obtain a driving signal for the first voltage converter.

11. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first processor is further configured to: performing current loop and amplitude limiting processing on the second error signal to obtain a corresponding first output signal; The first output signal is compared with a first triangular carrier signal to obtain a driving signal for the first voltage converter.

12. The photovoltaic charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system further includes: a second photovoltaic array, the second photovoltaic array comprising a plurality of photovoltaic elements connected in parallel; a second photovoltaic controller connected to the second photovoltaic array to output a second voltage; The second voltage is determined according to a global maximum power point of the second photovoltaic array.

13. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system includes a second voltage converter, which is suitable for connecting the second photovoltaic controller and the low-voltage battery of the vehicle and is used to convert the second voltage into a charging voltage for the low-voltage battery.

14. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second voltage converter includes at least two of a first-phase step-down branch, a second-phase step-down branch, and a third-phase step-down branch that are staggered in parallel.

15. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first-phase step-down branch includes a fourth inductor, a seventh switch tube, and an eighth switch tube; The first electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected to the positive output terminal of the second voltage, the control electrode of the seventh switching tube is suitable for receiving the seventh driving signal, the second electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected to the first end of the fourth inductor and the first electrode of the eighth switching tube, and the second end of the fourth inductor is connected to the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery; The second electrode of the eighth switch tube is connected to the negative output terminal of the second voltage and the negative electrode of the low-voltage battery, and the control electrode of the eighth switch tube is suitable for receiving an eighth driving signal.

16. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The second-phase step-down branch includes a fifth inductor, a ninth switch tube, and a tenth switch tube; A first electrode of the ninth switching transistor is connected to the first electrode of the seventh switching transistor, a control electrode of the ninth switching transistor is adapted to receive a ninth driving signal, a second electrode of the ninth switching transistor is connected to the first end of the fifth inductor and the first electrode of the tenth switching transistor, and a second end of the fifth inductor is connected to the second end of the fourth inductor; The second electrode of the tenth switching tube is connected to the second electrode of the eighth switching tube, and the control electrode of the tenth switching tube is suitable for receiving a tenth driving signal.

17. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The third-phase step-down branch includes a sixth inductor, an eleventh switching tube, and a twelfth switching tube; a first electrode of the eleventh switching transistor connected to the first electrode of the seventh switching transistor, a control electrode of the eleventh switching transistor adapted to receive an eleventh driving signal, a second electrode of the eleventh switching transistor connected to the first end of the sixth inductor and the first electrode of the twelfth switching transistor, and a second end of the sixth inductor connected to the second end of the fourth inductor; The second electrode of the twelfth switching tube is connected to the second electrode of the eighth switching tube, and the control electrode of the twelfth switching tube is suitable for receiving a twelfth driving signal.

18. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second voltage converter further includes a second capacitor, a first end of the second capacitor being adapted to be connected to the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery, and a second end of the second capacitor being adapted to be connected to the negative electrode of the low-voltage battery.

19. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system further includes: a second processor connected to the second photovoltaic array, the second photovoltaic controller and the second voltage converter, and configured to obtain a drive signal for the second voltage converter based on the output voltage of the second photovoltaic array, the second voltage and the sampled current of the second voltage converter.

20. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The second processor is configured to: comparing the output voltage of the second photovoltaic array with the second voltage to obtain a third error signal; performing voltage loop processing on the third error signal to obtain a second total current reference signal; performing a division result of the second total current reference signal and the number of phases of the step-down branch of the second voltage converter to obtain a second branch current reference signal; comparing the second branch current reference signal with the current of the second voltage converter respectively to obtain a corresponding fourth error signal; The fourth error signal is subjected to current loop and amplitude limiting processing to obtain a driving signal for the second voltage converter.

21. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 20, characterized in that: The second processor is further configured to: performing current loop and amplitude limiting processing on the fourth error signal to obtain a corresponding second output signal; The second output signal is compared with a second triangular carrier signal to obtain a driving signal for the second voltage converter.

22. The photovoltaic charging system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging system further includes: A second acquisition circuit is connected to the second photovoltaic array, the second voltage converter and the second processor, and is used to obtain the output voltage of the second photovoltaic array and the sampled current of the second voltage converter.

23. A photovoltaic charging method, characterized in that: The photovoltaic charging method comprises: determining a global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array, the first photovoltaic array comprising a plurality of photovoltaic elements connected in series; A first voltage is determined according to the global maximum power point, so as to perform charging based on the first voltage.

24. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 23, characterized in that: The determining of the global maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array includes: determining a target tracking method for a maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array; The global maximum power point is determined based on the target tracking method.

25. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 24, characterized in that: The target tracking method for determining the maximum power point of the first photovoltaic array includes: Obtaining a detection result of the first photovoltaic array according to a local shading detection function; The target tracking mode is determined according to the detection result.

26. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 25, characterized in that: Determining the target tracking mode according to the detection result includes: If the detection result indicates that the first photovoltaic array is evenly illuminated, the target tracking method is a conductance increment method.

27. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 26, characterized in that: The determining the global maximum power point based on the target tracking mode includes: Taking 0.6 times of the first output voltage as the voltage starting point, the conductance increment method is used to determine the maximum power point as the global maximum power point.

28. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 25, characterized in that: Determining the target tracking mode according to the detection result includes: If the detection result indicates that there is a local shadow under the illumination of the first photovoltaic array, the target tracking method is a three-step search method.

29. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 28, characterized in that: The determining the global maximum power point based on the target tracking mode includes: The global maximum power point is determined by using the three-step search method with 0.6 times the open-circuit voltage of a single photovoltaic device as a voltage starting point.

30. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 29, characterized in that: The three-step search method includes: The first power peak point in the power-voltage curve is searched using the conductance increment method; Based on the rate of change of power with voltage, an operating point and a segmentation point located after the first power peak point are obtained; Based on the current relationship between the operating point and the segmentation point, it is determined whether a second power peak point needs to be searched.

31. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 30, characterized in that: Based on the rate of change of power with voltage, obtaining an operating point and a segmentation point located after the first power peak point includes: Obtaining a rate of change of power with voltage based on the first voltage increased by a fixed step size; determining the segmentation point according to the change rate; The operating point is determined according to the short-circuit current corresponding to the segmentation point and the power corresponding to the first power peak point.

32. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 31, characterized in that: Determining the segmentation point according to the change rate includes: The point corresponding to when the rate of change changes from positive to negative is determined as the segmentation point.

33. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 31, characterized in that: Determining the operating point according to the short-circuit current corresponding to the segment point and the power corresponding to the first power peak point includes: determining a voltage corresponding to the operating point according to a division result of the power corresponding to the first power peak point and the short-circuit current; The operating point is determined according to a voltage corresponding to the operating point.

34. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 31, characterized in that: Determining whether it is necessary to search for a second power peak point based on a current relationship between the operating point and the segmentation point includes: determining a positional relationship between the operating point and the second power peak point based on the current relationship; According to the position relationship, it is determined whether it is necessary to search for the second power peak point.

35. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 34, characterized in that: Determining a positional relationship between the operating point and the second power peak point based on the current relationship includes: If the current relationship indicates that the current corresponding to the operating point is less than 0.9 times the current corresponding to the segment point, it is determined that there is no need to search for the second power peak point.

36. The photovoltaic charging method according to claim 34, characterized in that: Determining a positional relationship between the operating point and the second power peak point based on the current relationship includes: If the current relationship indicates that the current corresponding to the working point is greater than or equal to 0.9 times the current corresponding to the segment point, and the rate of change is positive, it is determined that the second power peak point needs to be searched.

37. The photovoltaic charging method according to any one of claims 28 to 36, characterized in that: The three-step search method is used to determine the global maximum power point, including: The three-step search method is executed cyclically until the global maximum power point is found.

38. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises: The photovoltaic charging system and the power battery according to any one of claims 1 to 22; An electric drive unit is connected to the power battery.

39. The vehicle according to claim 38, characterized in that Also includes: a low-voltage battery, the low-voltage battery being connected to the photovoltaic charging system; A low-voltage load is connected to the low-voltage battery.

40. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes the photovoltaic charging system according to any one of claims 1-22.

41. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the photovoltaic charging method according to any one of claims 23 to 37.

42. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the photovoltaic charging method according to any one of claims 23 to 37 is implemented.

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