Intelligent harvesting equipment for harvesting beet

Abstract

The invention discloses intelligent harvesting equipment for beet harvesting, which comprises a harvesting frame, one side of the harvesting frame is horizontally and rotatably connected with an adjusting shaft, a mounting frame is fixed on the adjusting shaft, and a plurality of tunneling mechanisms are arranged on the mounting frame along the length direction of the mounting frame; a soil removing and collecting mechanism is rotationally arranged on the lifting and collecting frame, and a plurality of lifting and collecting conveying belts are distributed between the soil removing and collecting mechanism and the tunneling mechanism; a plurality of positioning plates are arranged on the mounting frame in a sliding adjustment manner, one end of the tunneling mechanism is fixed with the positioning plates, and locking anchor bolts are connected outside the positioning plates; a plurality of tunneling mechanisms are distributed at the working front end of the harvesting frame, and each tunneling mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the distance between beet planting ridges, so that two moldboards in each tunneling mechanism can be located on the two sides of the roots of beets in the beet harvesting process, soil on the two sides of the beets and soil below the beets are effectively loosened, and the yield of the beets is improved. And the beet can be conveniently pulled up and conveyed by the follow-up pulling and collecting conveying belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural harvesting equipment, and in particular relates to an intelligent harvesting equipment for beet harvesting. Background Art

[0002] As an important sugar crop, the harvesting process of sugar beets is of great significance to agricultural production and economic benefits. Traditional sugar beet harvesting methods mainly rely on manual digging or simple mechanical devices. Although manual harvesting is flexible, it is inefficient and requires a lot of labor when planted on a large scale, which increases production costs. Traditional mechanical harvesting equipment has improved efficiency, but it usually uses a fixed plowbar with a fixed angle. It cannot dynamically adjust according to the soil type and the depth of sugar beet planting. It is easy to cause a large impact on the roots of the sugar beets, resulting in a high rate of sugar beet breakage. At the same time, the roots of the sugar beets still maintain a strong connection with the soil during harvesting. Pulling them up directly will cause the roots and leaves to be cut off, affecting the harvest quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent lifting and collecting device for beet harvesting, comprising: a lifting and collecting frame, one side of which is horizontally rotatably connected to an adjustment shaft, a mounting frame fixed to the adjustment shaft, and a plurality of digging mechanisms arranged on the mounting frame along its length; A soil collecting mechanism is rotatably provided on the lifting and receiving frame, and a plurality of lifting and receiving conveyor belts are distributed between the soil collecting mechanism and the excavation mechanism, and each of the lifting and receiving conveyor belts is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the excavation mechanism; A plurality of positioning plates are provided on the mounting frame in a sliding and adjustable manner. One end of the excavation mechanism is fixed to the positioning plate, and a locking anchor bolt is externally connected to the positioning plate.

[0004] Furthermore, preferably, the starting and taking-up conveyor belt is composed of two pulley groups arranged in parallel, a connecting frame is fixed to the upper end surface of the pulley group, and the upper end of the connecting frame is fixed to the mounting frame.

[0005] Furthermore, as a preference, the soil removal and collection mechanism includes a rotating shaft, which is connected to the lifting and receiving frame via a bearing and is tilted and rotatable, and a lifting and receiving disc is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft; The starting and closing plates are composed of a plurality of circumferentially distributed reinforcement bars; The lower end surface of the starting and closing frame is provided with an outer fence and an inner fence distributed coaxially, the outer fence is located at the edge of the starting and closing plate, and the inner fence is located at the center of the starting and closing plate; A guide leaf is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting and retracting frame located at the outer fence.

[0006] Furthermore, as a preference, the excavation mechanism includes a column frame, on both side walls of which linkage plates are hingedly connected and parallel to each other, a fixing frame is vertically arranged on one side of the column frame, and the other end of each linkage plate is hingedly connected to the fixing frame; A main frame body is fixed at the lower end of the fixing frame. Two wing plates are distributed on the left and right sides of the main frame body. A plowboard is installed on each of the wing plates.

[0007] Further, as a preference, a limit plate is horizontally fixed on one side of the fixing frame close to the column frame, a straight guide groove is provided in the limit plate, a positioning rod is vertically passed through the straight guide groove and connected, a side plate is fixed on the side wall of the column frame, and the upper end of the positioning rod is slidably connected to the side plate; A connecting spring is sleeved on the positioning rod between the side plate and the limiting plate, and an adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected to the upper end of the positioning rod.

[0008] Furthermore, preferably, a linear vibrator is connected to the column frame, and a vibration output end of the linear vibrator is connected to the fixing frame.

[0009] Furthermore, as a preference, the wing plates are all rotatably connected to the main frame, two shaft plates are vertically fixed on the wing plates, a guide frame is rotatably connected between the shaft plates, a plow arm is installed in the guide frame, and the plow plate is fixed to the plow arm; A swing motor is fixed to one side of one of the shaft plates, and an output end of the swing motor is fixed to the guide frame; A support spring is obliquely connected between the wing plate and the main frame.

[0010] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a straight cylindrical seat is horizontally provided in the center of the main frame, two coaxially distributed guide pillars are symmetrically provided in the straight cylindrical seat, one end of each guide pillar is hinged to a hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod is sealingly and slidably connected in the hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the piston rod is hinged to the wing plate; Two shaft sleeves are slidably arranged in the straight cylinder seat, and the other ends of the guide pillars are fixed to the shaft sleeves respectively; A compression spring is sleeved on the guide column and located in the straight cylinder seat, and one end of the compression spring is connected to the shaft tube sleeve.

[0011] Further, as a preference, a rotating shaft is coaxially connected between the two shaft sleeves in the straight cylinder seat, connecting columns are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft, a corrugated groove is opened on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve, and a guide pin is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the connecting column, and the guide pin is slidably engaged with the corrugated groove; A transmission tooth is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a driving part is installed outside the straight cylinder seat, and the output end of the driving part is meshed with the transmission tooth through a gear.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a plurality of excavation mechanisms are distributed at the working front end of the lifting and collecting frame, and each excavation mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the spacing between the beet planting ridges, so that the two plowboards in each excavation mechanism can be located on both sides of the beet root during the beet lifting and collecting, thereby effectively loosening the soil on both sides and below the beet, and facilitating the subsequent lifting and collecting conveyor belt to pull up and transport the beets; wherein the two plowboards in the excavation mechanism can change the cutting angle under the rotation adjustment of the guide frame, and at the same time, the wing plates located on the main frame can make the two plowboards converge inward or disperse outward during the rotation adjustment, so that the beets can be flexibly lifted and collected in an appropriate manner according to the soil conditions of the beet planting area and the growth conditions of the beets, thereby reducing the breakage rate of the beets during the lifting and collecting process and improving the harvest quality; and the straight cylinder seat can provide high-frequency swing to each wing plate through the guide columns arranged at both ends, so that the plowboard can efficiently dig the soil as the wing plate swings, thereby quickly cutting into the soil and separating the soil layer around the beet, improving the excavation efficiency, and ensuring that the soil around the beet root is fully loosened, avoiding the beet root from breaking due to the hard soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the combined distribution structure of multiple tunneling mechanisms in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the soil removal and collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the excavation mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the moldboard of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main frame of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the straight cylinder seat in the present invention; In the figure: 1. Lifting and collecting frame; 11. Mounting frame; 12. Lifting and collecting conveyor belt; 13. Adjusting shaft; 14. Connecting frame; 15. Positioning plate; 2. Soil removal and collection mechanism; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Outer fence; 24. Inner fence; 25. Guide page; 3. Excavation mechanism; 31. Column frame; 32. Linkage plate; 33. Fixed frame; 34. Limiting plate; 35. Positioning rod; 4. Main frame; 41. Wing plate; 42. Plowboard; 43. Shaft plate; 44. Guide frame; 45. Plow arm; 46. Swing motor; 5. Straight cylinder seat; 51. Guide column; 52. Shaft sleeve; 53. Rotating shaft; 54. Connecting column; 55. Drive unit; 56. Guide pin; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 61. Piston rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent lifting and collecting device for beet harvesting includes: a lifting and collecting frame 1, one side of which is horizontally rotatably connected to an adjustment shaft 13, a mounting frame 11 is fixed to the adjustment shaft 13, and a plurality of digging mechanisms 3 are arranged on the mounting frame 11 along its length direction; A soil collecting mechanism 2 is rotatably provided on the lifting and receiving frame 1. A plurality of lifting and receiving conveyor belts 12 are distributed between the soil collecting mechanism 2 and the excavation mechanism 3. Each of the lifting and receiving conveyor belts 12 is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the excavation mechanism 3. A plurality of positioning plates 15 are slidably arranged on the mounting frame 11, one end of the excavation mechanism 3 is fixed to the positioning plate 15, and a locking anchor is externally connected to the positioning plate 15 for fully locking the positioning plate 15 and the mounting frame 11. Before the beets are harvested, the positioning plate 15 can be used to horizontally adjust and position the excavation mechanism 3 according to the spacing between the beet planting ridges, so that the excavation mechanism 3 can be aligned with the beet root position during the harvesting process, ensuring that the soil around the beet root is accurately loosened during the harvesting process, thereby avoiding damage or omission of the beets due to position deviation.

[0016] In this embodiment, the lifting and collecting conveyor belt 12 is composed of two parallel pulley groups, and a connecting frame 14 is fixed to the upper end face of the pulley group. The upper end of the connecting frame 14 is fixed to the mounting frame 11, so that when the excavation mechanism 3 digs and separates the beets from the soil, the lifting and collecting conveyor belt 12 can clamp the stems and leaves of the beets through the two pulley groups, and pull the beets out of the soil, and then the desoiling collector 2 will uniformly transport the beets.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the soil removal and collection mechanism 2 includes a rotating shaft 21, which is connected to the lifting and closing frame 1 through a bearing and is tilted and rotated. A lifting and closing disc 22 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 21; The starting and closing plate 22 is composed of a plurality of circumferentially distributed ribs; The lower end surface of the lifting and collecting frame 1 is provided with an outer fence 23 and an inner fence 24 distributed coaxially. The outer fence 23 is located at the edge of the lifting and collecting disk 22, and the inner fence 24 is located at the center of the lifting and collecting disk 22. This allows the lifting and collecting disk 22 to transfer the beets during rotation, and in this process, the residual soil on the roots of the beets can be further separated. The lifting and unloading frame 1 is rotatably connected to a guide leaf 25 on one side of the outer fence to assist in the transfer of sugar beets.

[0018] In this embodiment, the excavation mechanism 3 includes a column frame 31, and linkage plates 32 are hingedly connected to the side walls of the column frame 31 and are parallel to each other. A fixing frame 33 is vertically arranged on one side of the column frame 31, and the other end of each linkage plate 32 is hingedly connected to the fixing frame 33. A main frame 4 is fixed to the lower end of the fixed frame 33, and two wing plates 41 are distributed on the left and right of the main frame 4, and plow plates 42 are installed on the wing plates 41. The two plow plates 42 can cooperate with each other to loosen and separate the soil under the beet roots or to loosen and separate the soil on both sides of the beet roots, so as to dynamically cooperate according to the actual situation of the beet planting ridges and flexibly adjust the loosening range and depth; for example: there is a large space on both sides of the beets in the planting area, which is suitable for loosening the soil on both sides; or the soil on both sides is loose; or the beet roots are buried shallowly, and loosening the soil on both sides can better separate the soil, and in this case, loosening the soil on both sides can be given priority; and the space on both sides of the beet roots is small, which is suitable for loosening the soil below; or the soil below the roots is relatively hard, and it is necessary to focus on loosening the soil below, or the roots are buried deep, and loosening the soil below can better separate the soil, and in this case, loosening the soil below the roots can be given priority.

[0019] In this embodiment, a limit plate 34 is horizontally fixed to one side of the fixing frame 33 close to the column frame 1. A straight guide groove is formed in the limit plate 34, and a positioning rod 35 is vertically connected to the straight guide groove. A side plate is fixed to the side wall of the column frame 31, and the upper end of the positioning rod 35 is slidably connected to the side plate. The positioning rod 35 is provided with a connecting spring between the side plate and the limit plate, and the upper end of the positioning rod 35 is threadedly connected to an adjusting sleeve, wherein the positioning rod 35 can be slid upward by the rotation adjustment of the adjusting sleeve, and the positioning rod 35 and the straight guide groove slide relative to each other, and at this time the fixing frame 33 can be vertically displaced under the vertical pulling of the positioning rod 35, thereby changing the working cutting depth of the plowboard 42 below the fixing frame 33.

[0020] In this embodiment, a linear vibrator (not shown in the figure) is connected to the column frame 31, and the vibration output end of the linear vibrator is connected to the fixed frame 33. Especially in the planting area where the soil is hard and the soil below the beet roots is tightly combined with the roots, the traditional loosening method may be difficult to completely separate the soil, resulting in large lifting resistance and even damage to the beet roots. Therefore, the linear vibrator can control the fixed frame 33 to perform vertical high-frequency vibration under continuous operation, thereby achieving efficient soil loosening and reducing the bonding force between the beet roots and the soil.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the wing plates 41 are rotatably connected to the main frame 4, two shaft plates 43 are vertically fixed to the wing plates 41, a guide frame 44 is rotatably connected between the shaft plates 43, a plow arm 45 is installed in the guide frame 44, and the plow plate 42 is fixed to the plow arm 45; A swing motor 46 is fixed to one side of one of the shaft plates 43. The output end of the swing motor 46 is fixed to the guide frame 44. The swing motor 46 can adjust the setting angle of the guide frame 44 during forward and reverse operation, thereby changing the working cutting angle of the moldboard 42. A support spring is obliquely connected between the wing plate 41 and the main frame 4 .

[0022] In this embodiment, a straight cylindrical seat 5 is horizontally arranged in the center of the main frame 41, and two coaxially distributed guide pillars 51 are symmetrically arranged in the straight cylindrical seat 5. One end of each guide pillar 51 is hinged to a hydraulic cylinder 6, and a piston rod 61 is sealed and slidably connected in the hydraulic cylinder 6. One end of the piston rod 61 is hinged to the wing plate 41; Two shaft sleeves 52 are slidingly provided in the straight cylinder seat 5, and the other ends of the guide columns 51 are fixed to the shaft sleeves 52 respectively; each hydraulic cylinder 6 is provided with a hydraulic channel for conveying or discharging hydraulic oil, so that when the piston rod 61 is pushed by the hydraulic pressure, each wing plate 41 can be rotated and adjusted accordingly, wherein the deflection angle range of the wing plate 41 based on the horizontal plane is from -60° to 40°. It should be noted that when the deflection angle of the wing plate 41 is less than -30°, the two plowboards 42 are back to back (that is, the working surface of the plowboard 42 faces outward), so that the soil on both sides of the beet root can be pushed outward during the lifting process, thereby creating a larger space for lifting the beet root and reducing the resistance during lifting; and when the wing plate 41 When the deflection angle is in the range of -30° to 0°, the two moldboards 42 can be adjusted to spread horizontally. At this time, they can fully separate the soil under the beet roots during the lifting process, causing the beets to be partially raised, making it easier for the lifting device to apply a lifting force to the beet roots. When the deflection angle of the wing plate 41 is greater than 0°, the two moldboards 42 can be adjusted to close toward the beet roots, thereby centrally processing the soil on both sides of the beet roots during the lifting process, further reducing the adhesion between the soil and the beet roots, and ensuring that the beet roots can be smoothly pulled up. Therefore, by adjusting the deflection angle of the wing plate 41, the working state of the moldboard 42 can be matched with the soil conditions and the actual position of the beet roots, avoiding damage to the beet roots due to improper soil treatment. A compression spring is sleeved on the guide post 51 and located inside the straight cylinder seat 5 , and one end of the compression spring is connected to the shaft sleeve 52 .

[0023] In this embodiment, a rotating shaft 53 is coaxially connected to the straight cylinder seat 5 between two shaft sleeves 52. Connecting posts 54 are fixed to both ends of the rotating shaft 53. A corrugated groove is formed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 52, and a guide pin 56 is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the connecting post 54. The guide pin 56 is slidably engaged with the corrugated groove. Transmission teeth are fixed on the rotating shaft 53, and a driving part 55 is installed on the outside of the straight cylinder seat 5. The output end of the driving part 55 is meshed with the transmission teeth through a gear. That is to say, the rotating shaft 53 can rotate at different speeds under the driving rotation of the driving part 55, so that the guide pin 56 on the connecting column 54 and the corrugated groove can realize the axial reciprocating sliding of each shaft sleeve 52, so that the wing plate 41 can perform a small and rapid deflection during the high-frequency sliding of the guide column 51. The wing plate 41 can further loosen the soil and expand the soil separation range around the beet root, thereby improving the collection efficiency. Therefore, when the wing plate 41 is erected at different angles, an adapted swaying motion is adopted to improve the lifting and separation effect; for example, the deflection angle of the wing plate 41 is less than -30°, the working surface of the plowboard 42 faces outward, and the wing plate 41 quickly sways during the high-frequency sliding of the guide column 51, which can quickly push the soil around the beet root to the outside; and when the deflection angle of the wing plate 41 is greater than 0°, the plowboard 42 closes toward the beet root, and the plowboard 42 on the wing plate 41 can perform corresponding swaying when passing through the root of each beet, thereby avoiding mechanical damage to the beet root due to excessive force.

[0024] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent equipment for harvesting sugar beets, characterized in that: It includes: A lifting and retracting frame (1) has one side thereof horizontally rotatably connected to an adjusting shaft (13), a mounting frame (11) is fixed on the adjusting shaft (13), and a plurality of excavation mechanisms (3) are arranged on the mounting frame (11) along its length direction; A soil collecting mechanism (2) is rotatably provided on the lifting and receiving frame (1), and a plurality of lifting and receiving conveyor belts (12) are distributed between the soil collecting mechanism (2) and the excavation mechanism (3), and each of the lifting and receiving conveyor belts (12) is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the excavation mechanism (3); A plurality of positioning plates (15) are slidably and adjustably provided on the mounting frame (11), one end of the excavation mechanism (3) is fixed to the positioning plate (15), and a locking anchor bolt is externally connected to the positioning plate (15).

2. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taking-up and taking-up conveyor belt (12) is composed of two parallel pulley groups, a connecting frame (14) is fixed to the upper end surface of the pulley group, and the upper end of the connecting frame (14) is fixed to the mounting frame (11).

3. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil removal and collection mechanism (2) comprises a rotating shaft (21) which is connected to the lifting and collecting frame (1) via a bearing and is tilted and rotatable. A lifting and collecting disc (22) is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft (21). The starting and closing plate (22) is composed of a plurality of circumferentially distributed ribs; The lower end surface of the starting and closing frame (1) is provided with an outer fence (23) and an inner fence (24) distributed coaxially, the outer fence (23) is located at the edge of the starting and closing plate (22), and the inner fence (24) is located at the center of the starting and closing plate (22); A guide leaf (25) is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting and retracting frame (1) located on the outer fence.

4. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation mechanism (3) includes a column frame (31), and linkage plates (32) are hingedly connected to the side walls of the column frame (31) and are distributed in parallel up and down. A fixing frame (33) is vertically arranged in parallel on one side of the column frame (31), and the other end of each linkage plate (32) is hingedly connected to the fixing frame (33); A main frame (4) is fixed to the lower end of the fixed frame (33), and two wing plates (41) are distributed on the left and right of the main frame (4), and a plowboard (42) is installed on each of the wing plates (41).

5. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting plate (34) is horizontally fixed on one side of the fixing frame (33) close to the column frame (1), a straight guide groove is provided in the limiting plate (34), a positioning rod (35) is vertically passed through the straight guide groove, a side plate is fixed on the side wall of the column frame (31), and the upper end of the positioning rod (35) is slidably connected to the side plate; A connecting spring is sleeved on the positioning rod (35) between the side plate and the limiting plate, and an adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected to the upper end of the positioning rod (35).

6. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A linear vibrator is connected to the column frame (31), and a vibration output end of the linear vibrator is connected to the fixing frame (33).

7. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wing plates (41) are rotatably connected to the main frame (4), two shaft plates (43) are vertically fixed on the wing plates (41), a guide frame (44) is rotatably connected between the shaft plates (43), a plow arm (45) is installed in the guide frame (44), and the plow plate (42) is fixed to the plow arm (45); A swing motor (46) is fixed to one side of one of the shaft plates (43), and an output end of the swing motor (46) is fixed to the guide frame (44); A support spring is obliquely connected between the wing plate (41) and the main frame (4).

8. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A straight cylindrical seat (5) is horizontally arranged in the center of the main frame (41), and two coaxially distributed guide pillars (51) are symmetrically arranged in the straight cylindrical seat (5), one end of each guide pillar (51) is hinged to a hydraulic cylinder (6), and a piston rod (61) is sealed and slidably connected in the hydraulic cylinder (6), and one end of the piston rod (61) is hinged to the wing plate (41); Two shaft sleeves (52) are slidably provided in the straight cylinder seat (5), and the other ends of the guide pillars (51) are fixed to the shaft sleeves (52) respectively; A compression spring is sleeved on the guide column (51) and located inside the straight cylinder seat (5), and one end of the compression spring is connected to the shaft sleeve (52).

9. The intelligent beet harvesting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (53) is coaxially connected between two shaft sleeves (52) in the straight cylinder seat (5), and connecting columns (54) are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft (53). A corrugated groove is provided on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (52), and a guide pin (56) is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the connecting column (54), and the guide pin (56) is slidably matched with the corrugated groove. A transmission tooth is fixed on the rotating shaft (53), and a driving part (55) is installed outside the straight cylinder seat (5), and the output end of the driving part (55) is meshed with the transmission tooth through a gear.

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