Soilless culture device for vegetable planting in agricultural park

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a soilless culture device for vegetable planting in an agricultural park, which comprises a culture cylinder, a plurality of mounting ports formed in the side wall of the culture cylinder, a liquid conveying pipe fixed in the culture cylinder, and a conveying assembly arranged at the bottom of the culture cylinder and used for conveying a culture solution into the liquid conveying pipe, and further comprises an overflow box, the plurality of overflow boxes are vertically distributed in the cultivation cylinder, the overflow boxes are fixed to the cultivation cylinder through a fixing frame, a plurality of overflow grooves are formed in the side walls of the overflow boxes, and the overflow grooves are formed above the corresponding mounting ports; a culture solution with consistent components can be inoculated into each layer of overflow box, so that the problem that the element concentration in a lower-layer nutrient solution is reduced due to the fact that upper-layer crops preferentially consume nutrients due to position advantages is effectively avoided, the distribution uniformity of the culture solution in the whole irrigation process is fundamentally ensured, the flow direction of the culture solution is fixed, and the irrigation efficiency is improved. Orderly growth of vegetable roots can be guaranteed, and mutual winding is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soilless cultivation, in particular to a soilless cultivation device for planting vegetables in an agricultural garden. Background Art

[0002] Tower planting equipment is often used in the process of soilless vegetable seedling cultivation. When the nutrient solution of existing tower planting equipment flows from top to bottom by gravity, the crops in the upper layer preferentially absorb easily available nutrients, resulting in a gradual decrease in the concentration of some elements in the nutrient solution in the lower layer. The salt and other substances that are not absorbed may accumulate in the lower layer due to evaporation or slow flow, resulting in uneven nutrition between the upper and lower layers.

[0003] To address the problem of uneven nutrition between the upper and lower layers of existing tower planting equipment, the current technical approach is to use a high-pressure spray device to atomize the nutrient solution and spray it evenly to the roots of plants in each layer. However, this method can easily cause the roots to lose their growth direction constraints in a continuously moist environment, leading to disorderly expansion and mutual entanglement. This not only affects the root system's efficiency in nutrient absorption, but may also cause hypoxia or disease due to excessive density of local roots. It can be seen that the existing irrigation seedling technology still has a lot of room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, such as uneven nutrition between the upper and lower layers and disorderly growth and entanglement of vegetable roots, and to propose a soilless cultivation device for planting vegetables in agricultural gardens.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a soilless cultivation device for vegetable cultivation in an agricultural garden, comprising a cultivation cylinder, a plurality of mounting openings being provided on the side wall of the cultivation cylinder, a liquid infusion tube being fixed inside the cultivation cylinder, a delivery assembly for delivering culture solution into the liquid infusion tube being provided at the bottom of the cultivation cylinder, and further comprising: An overflow box, wherein the overflow box has multiple overflow boxes, the multiple overflow boxes are vertically distributed inside the cultivation tube, the overflow box is fixed to the cultivation tube by a fixing frame, a plurality of overflow grooves are opened on the side wall of the overflow box, the overflow grooves are arranged above the corresponding mounting openings, and a plurality of overflow ports are opened on the side of the overflow box away from the overflow grooves; A diverter plate is fixed on the top of the cultivation tube, the liquid outlet end of the liquid infusion tube passes through the diverter plate and extends to the top of the diverter plate, and a plurality of first water-permeable holes are opened on the surface of the diverter plate, and the first water-permeable holes are arranged directly above the overflow box; A drainage space, which is provided between the overflow box and the infusion tube. A flow guide is provided in the drainage space, and is used to guide the culture fluid flowing out of the upper overflow port into the overflow box below. A choke box has an opening on its top surface, is fixed on the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder, and has a discharge pipe fixed on its bottom.

[0006] Specifically, a planting rack can be installed in the installation port, and vegetables are planted in the planting rack. The roots of the vegetables can enter the interior of the cultivation barrel along the installation port. When irrigation is carried out, the culture solution is transported into the infusion pipe through the transport component, and the culture solution is transported to the top of the cultivation barrel through the infusion pipe. After the culture solution is transported to the top of the cultivation barrel, it flows downward along the first water-permeable hole on the surface of the diverter plate and enters the interior of the overflow box. After the overflow box is filled, it flows out from the overflow groove and overflow port on the overflow box. The overflow groove is close to the side of the plant root system, and the outflowing culture solution can directly The plant roots are watered and cultivated, and the culture solution flowing from the overflow port is guided by the guide piece in the lower layer and enters the lower overflow box to irrigate the vegetables in the lower layer. It can be seen that each overflow box can be connected to the culture solution with consistent composition. This design effectively avoids the problem that the upper crops consume nutrients first due to their position advantage, resulting in a decrease in the element concentration in the nutrient solution in the lower layer. It fundamentally ensures the uniform distribution of the culture solution during the entire irrigation process. In addition, the fixed flow direction of the culture solution can also ensure the orderly growth of the vegetable roots and avoid entanglement. Furthermore, by setting a flow-blocking box between the installation ports of each layer, the culture fluid after use in the upper layer is collected through the flow-blocking box and uniformly discharged to the bottom, thereby preventing the culture fluid after irrigation in the upper layer from flowing into the lower layer, avoiding salt accumulation and cross-interference of nutrients, cutting off the uneven nutrient conduction path between the upper and lower layers, and further ensuring the uniformity of culture fluid distribution during irrigation.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes a water storage tank, which is fixed to the bottom of the cultivation cylinder. A water pump is fixed inside the water storage tank, and the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to the infusion pipe.

[0008] Specifically, the culture solution is stored in a water storage tank at the bottom of the cultivation tube, the infusion pipe is fixedly connected to the water storage tank, and a water pump is built into the water storage tank to discharge the culture solution into the infusion pipe, thereby completing the culture solution transportation function.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the inner bottom surface of the overflow box, an elastic diaphragm is fixed inside the mounting hole, a pushing rod is fixed to the bottom of the elastic diaphragm, the flow guide comprises a plurality of fixed plates, flexible connecting plates are fixed between adjacent fixed plates, a connecting frame is fixed to the bottom of the fixed plate, and the connecting frame is fixed to the pushing rod.

[0010] Specifically, in the traditional overflow tank, some impurities can be deposited in the overflow tank during the overflow process, thereby achieving the purpose of impurity removal. However, the overflow box in the present application is different from the traditional overflow tank. If the culture solution stays in the overflow box for too long, some fertilizer may precipitate, resulting in crystallized impurities deposited in the overflow box, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of the irrigated culture solution, thereby affecting the uniformity of the distribution of the culture solution in each layer. The present invention arranges multiple elastic diaphragms in the overflow box, and uses the impact force of the culture solution during the falling process to hit the fixed plate, causing the fixed plate to vibrate. Under the connection action of the connecting frame, the push rod is driven to vibrate, and the push rod drives the elastic diaphragm to continue in a slight vibration state, so that the culture solution in the overflow box always maintains a dynamic flow environment, effectively avoiding the problem of fertilizer precipitation caused by long-term static state. It should be noted that flexible connecting plates are fixedly installed between adjacent fixed plates. With the help of the unique elastic connection characteristics of flexible materials, the mutual interference generated by adjacent fixed plates during the shaking process can be effectively reduced, making the shaking amplitude and frequency of each fixed plate more independently controllable, thereby ensuring that the disturbance effect of the elastic diaphragm on the culture fluid always remains stable and uniform.

[0011] Preferably, a drain valve is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the overflow box, and the drain valve is located directly above the choke box.

[0012] Preferably, a buoyancy ring is provided on the sliding sleeve of the outer wall of the infusion tube, a push ring is provided below the connecting frame, and the push ring and the buoyancy ring are connected via a connecting assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a pushing cylinder, which is sleeved on the surface of the infusion tube, a positioning ring is fixed on the surface of the pushing cylinder, a spring is fixed on the top surface of the positioning ring, a movable ring is fixed on the top surface of the spring, a raised ring is fixed on the inner ring surface of the movable ring, a clearance groove is provided on the surface of the pushing cylinder, a plurality of raised blocks are provided in the clearance groove, the raised blocks are fixed on the surface of the infusion tube, a connecting rod is provided above the movable ring, and the connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the pushing ring.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of push pins are fixed on the surface of the push ring, and the height of the push pins away from the drain valve position is greater than the height of the push pins close to the drain valve position.

[0015] Preferably, a guide plate is fixed inside the overflow trough, and a guide groove and a discharge groove are provided on the inner bottom surface of the guide plate. The cross-sectional area of the guide groove gradually decreases along the direction of water flow, and the guide groove is connected to the discharge groove.

[0016] Preferably, a floating plate is inserted into the discharge groove, guide pins are fixed on both sides of the floating plate, and an oblique groove is opened on the side wall of the discharge groove, and the guide pins are inserted in the oblique groove.

[0017] Preferably, the diversion plate is located directly above the drainage space and is provided with a plurality of second water-permeable holes. A plurality of receiving plates are spirally arranged from top to bottom in the drainage space. One end of the receiving plate is fixed on the infusion tube, and the other end of the receiving plate is arranged above the corresponding guide plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides overflow boxes so that each layer of overflow boxes can be connected to culture solution with consistent composition. This design effectively avoids the problem that the upper crops consume nutrients preferentially due to their positional advantage, resulting in a decrease in the element concentration in the lower nutrient solution. It fundamentally ensures the uniformity of culture solution distribution throughout the entire irrigation process. In addition, the fixed flow direction of the culture solution can also ensure the orderly growth of vegetable roots and avoid entanglement.

[0019] Second, by setting a flow-blocking box between the installation ports of each layer, the culture fluid after use in the upper layer is collected through the flow-blocking box and uniformly discharged to the bottom, preventing the culture fluid after irrigation in the upper layer from flowing into the lower layer, avoiding salt accumulation and cross-interference of nutrients, cutting off the conduction path of uneven nutrients between the upper and lower layers, and further ensuring the uniform distribution of culture fluid during irrigation.

[0020] 3. The present invention arranges multiple elastic diaphragms in the overflow box, and uses the impact force of the culture solution during its falling process to hit the fixed plate, causing the fixed plate to vibrate. Under the connection of the connecting frame, the pushing rod is driven to vibrate, and then the elastic diaphragm is driven by the pushing rod to continuously be in a slightly vibrating state, so that the culture solution in the overflow box always maintains a dynamic flow environment, effectively avoiding the problem of fertilizer precipitation caused by long-term static state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the overflow box and the fixing frame of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overflow box structure of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overflow box structure of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the floating plate structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the docking plate of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Cultivation tube; 2. Mounting port; 3. Infusion tube; 4. Overflow box; 5. Fixing frame; 6. Overflow trough; 7. Overflow port; 8. Diverter plate; 9. First water permeable hole; 10. Drainage space; 11. Baffle box; 12. Discharge pipe; 13. Water storage tank; 14. Water pump; 15. Mounting hole; 16. Elastic diaphragm; 17. Push rod; 18. Fixing plate; 19. Flexible connecting plate; 20. Connecting frame. 21. Drain valve; 22. Buoyancy ring; 23. Push ring; 24. Push cylinder; 25. Positioning ring; 26. Spring; 27. Movable ring; 28. Raised ring; 29. Make way groove; 30. Raised block; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Push pin; 33. Guide plate; 34. Guide groove; 35. Discharge groove; 36. Floating plate; 37. Guide pin; 38. Inclined groove; 39. Second water-permeable hole; 40. Receiver plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and those skilled in the art may conceive of other obvious variations.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 8 The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden shown in the figure includes a cultivation tube 1, a plurality of mounting openings 2 are provided on the side wall of the cultivation tube 1, a liquid infusion tube 3 is fixed inside the cultivation tube 1, and a delivery assembly for delivering culture solution into the liquid infusion tube 3 is provided at the bottom of the cultivation tube 1. The device is characterized in that it also includes: Overflow boxes 4, there are multiple overflow boxes 4, multiple overflow boxes 4 are vertically distributed inside the cultivation tube 1, the overflow boxes 4 are fixed to the cultivation tube 1 through a fixing frame 5, a plurality of overflow grooves 6 are opened on the side wall of the overflow box 4, the overflow grooves 6 are arranged above the corresponding mounting openings 2, and a plurality of overflow ports 7 are opened on the side of the overflow box 4 away from the overflow grooves 6; The diverter plate 8 is fixed on the top of the cultivation tube 1. The liquid outlet end of the liquid delivery tube 3 passes through the diverter plate 8 and extends to the top of the diverter plate 8. A plurality of first water holes 9 are opened on the surface of the diverter plate 8. The first water holes 9 are arranged just above the overflow box 4. The drainage space 10 is provided between the overflow box 4 and the infusion tube 3. A flow guide is provided in the drainage space 10. The flow guide is used to guide the culture fluid flowing out of the upper overflow port 7 to the overflow box 4 below. The choke box 11 has an opening on its top surface. The choke box 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the cultivation tube 1 . A discharge pipe 12 is fixed on the bottom of the choke box 11 .

[0032] Specifically, a planting rack can be installed in the installation port 2, and vegetables are planted in the planting rack. The roots of the vegetables can enter the interior of the cultivation tube 1 along the installation port 2. When irrigation is carried out, the culture solution is transported into the infusion pipe 3 through the transport component, and the culture solution is transported to the top of the cultivation tube 1 through the infusion pipe 3. After the culture solution is transported to the top of the cultivation tube 1, it flows downward along the first water permeable hole 9 on the surface of the diverter plate 8 and enters the interior of the overflow box 4. After the overflow box 4 is filled, it flows out from the overflow groove 6 and the overflow port 7 on the overflow box 4. The overflow groove 6 is close to the side of the plant root system, and the culture solution flowing out is The nutrient solution can directly irrigate the plant roots, and the nutrient solution flowing from the overflow port 7 is guided by the guide member of the lower layer and enters the lower overflow box 4 to irrigate the vegetables on the lower layer. It can be seen that each overflow box 4 can be connected to a nutrient solution with consistent composition. This design effectively avoids the problem that the upper crops consume nutrients first due to their position advantage, resulting in a decrease in the element concentration in the nutrient solution on the lower layer. It fundamentally ensures the uniformity of the nutrient solution distribution during the entire irrigation process. In addition, the fixed flow direction of the nutrient solution can also ensure the orderly growth of the vegetable roots and avoid entanglement. Furthermore, by setting a flow-blocking box 11 between each layer of the installation port 2, the culture fluid after use in the upper layer is collected through the flow-blocking box 11 and uniformly discharged to the bottom, thereby preventing the culture fluid after irrigation in the upper layer from flowing into the lower layer, avoiding salt accumulation and cross-interference of nutrients, cutting off the uneven nutrient conduction path between the upper and lower layers, and further ensuring the uniformity of the distribution of the culture fluid during the irrigation process.

[0033] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the conveying assembly includes a water tank 13, which is fixed to the bottom of the cultivation tube 1. A water pump 14 is fixed inside the water tank 13, and the water outlet of the water pump 14 is connected to the liquid infusion pipe 3.

[0034] Specifically, the culture solution is stored in the water tank 13 at the bottom of the cultivation tube 1, the infusion pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the water tank 13, and the water tank 13 is equipped with a water pump 14, which discharges the culture solution into the infusion pipe 3 through the water pump 14, thereby completing the culture solution transportation function.

[0035] As a further implementation scheme of the present invention, a plurality of mounting holes 15 are provided on the inner bottom surface of the overflow box 4, an elastic diaphragm 16 is fixed inside the mounting hole 15, a pushing rod 17 is fixed to the bottom of the elastic diaphragm 16, the guide member includes a plurality of fixed plates 18, flexible connecting plates 19 are fixed between adjacent fixed plates 18, a connecting frame 20 is fixed to the bottom of the fixed plate 18, and the connecting frame 20 is fixed to the pushing rod 17.

[0036] Specifically, in the traditional overflow tank, some impurities can be deposited in the overflow tank during the overflow process, thereby achieving the purpose of impurity removal. However, the overflow box 4 in the present application is different from the traditional overflow tank. If the culture solution stays in the overflow box 4 for too long, some fertilizer may precipitate, and crystalline impurities may be deposited in the overflow box 4, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of the irrigated culture solution, thereby affecting the uniformity of the distribution of each layer of culture solution. The present invention arranges a plurality of elastic diaphragms 16 in the overflow box 4, and utilizes the impact force of the culture solution during the falling process to hit the fixed plate 18, causing the fixed plate 18 to vibrate. Under the connection action of the connecting frame 20, the pushing rod 17 is driven to vibrate, and then the pushing rod 17 drives the elastic diaphragm 16 to continue to be in a slightly vibrating state, so that the culture solution in the overflow box 4 always maintains a dynamic flow environment, effectively avoiding the problem of fertilizer precipitation caused by long-term static state. It should be noted that a flexible connecting plate 19 is fixedly installed between adjacent fixed plates 18. With the help of the unique elastic connection characteristics of the flexible material, the mutual interference generated by the adjacent fixed plates 18 during the shaking process can be effectively reduced, so that the shaking amplitude and frequency of each fixed plate 18 are more independently controllable, thereby ensuring that the disturbance effect of the elastic diaphragm 16 on the culture fluid always remains stable and uniform.

[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a drain valve 21 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the overflow box 4 , and the drain valve 21 is located directly above the choke box 11 .

[0038] A buoyancy ring 22 is provided on the outer wall of the infusion tube 3 and is slidably sleeved thereon. A push ring 23 is provided below the connecting frame 20 . The push ring 23 is connected to the buoyancy ring 22 via a connecting assembly.

[0039] Specifically, after the irrigation is completed, if the accumulated liquid remaining in the overflow tank is not discharged in time, bacteria will grow in the accumulated liquid, affecting the healthy growth of vegetables. In addition, the fertilizer impurities deposited in the accumulated liquid will also affect the concentration of the culture solution during the next irrigation, resulting in uneven distribution of the culture solution. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electrically controlled drain valve 21. When the drain valve 21 is activated, part of the accumulated liquid can be discharged. The accumulated liquid can directly flow into the interior of the choke box 11 and be discharged through the choke box 11. However, since the flow guide is connected to the elastic diaphragm 16 via the connecting frame 20, the elastic diaphragm 16 is in a downwardly concave state under the action of gravity, resulting in accumulation of fluid in the elastic diaphragm 16. In the present invention, by providing a buoyancy ring 22, during irrigation, part of the culture fluid is discharged into the infusion tube 3, thereby lowering the overall liquid level of the culture fluid. At this time, the height of the buoyancy ring 22 is lowered and separated from the push ring 23, and the push ring 23 loses the pushing effect of the buoyancy ring 22, thereby ensuring that the subsequent shaking action of the elastic diaphragm 16 is normal. When the irrigation is finished, the liquid in the infusion tube 3 flows back to the liquid storage tank. At this time, the liquid level rises. Under the action of buoyancy, the buoyancy ring 22 rises and resets, driving the push ring 23 to move upward through the connecting assembly, and pushing the connecting frame 20, the push rod, and the elastic diaphragm 16 to move upward, lifting the elastic diaphragm 16, so that the elastic diaphragm 16 is in a convex state, discharging the accumulated liquid on the elastic diaphragm 16, and promoting the thoroughness of the discharge of the accumulated liquid.

[0040] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the connecting assembly includes a pushing cylinder 24, which is sleeved on the surface of the infusion tube 3, and a positioning ring 25 is fixed on the surface of the pushing cylinder 24, and a spring 26 is fixed on the top surface of the positioning ring 25, and a movable ring 27 is fixed on the top surface of the spring 26, and a raised ring 28 is fixed on the inner ring surface of the movable ring 27. A clearance groove 29 is opened on the surface of the pushing cylinder 24, and a plurality of raised blocks 30 are arranged in the clearance groove 29. The raised blocks 30 are fixed on the surface of the infusion tube 3, and a connecting rod 31 is arranged above the movable ring 27, and the connecting rod 31 is fixed to the bottom of the pushing ring 23.

[0041] Specifically, there may be some impurities or fertilizer crystal particles in the residual effluent. If the passive drainage is only carried out by the drain valve 21, some solid impurities may remain in the overflow box 4. The present invention improves the connecting assembly so that the push ring 23 generates a shaking effect during the rising process, thereby causing the elastic diaphragm 16 to generate a shaking effect, promoting the suspension of solid impurities in the effluent, thereby facilitating the discharge of solid impurities. The specific working method is as follows: during the rising process of the buoyancy ring 22, the push cylinder 24 can be driven to rise, and the push cylinder 24 drives the positioning ring 25, the spring 26, and the movable ring 27 to move upward. During the rising process of the movable ring 27, the inner ring surface The raised ring 28 will contact the raised block 30, which is made of a flexible material. During the extrusion process, the flexible raised block 30 will undergo elastic deformation due to the force. In the process of the raised ring 28 gradually squeezing the flexible raised block 30, the resistance will gradually increase. When the raised ring 28 passes the highest point of the raised block 30, the elastic restoring force of the raised block 30 will be suddenly released, resulting in an instantaneous decrease in resistance. This periodic process of force increase to sudden release will cause the movable ring 27 to vibrate when it rises, thereby driving the connecting rod 31 and the push ring 23 to vibrate, and then driving the elastic diaphragm 16 to vibrate, promoting the suspension of solid impurities in the accumulated liquid during drainage and being discharged with the liquid flow.

[0042] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of push pins 32 are fixed on the surface of the push ring 23 , and the height of the push pins 32 away from the drain valve 21 is greater than the height of the push pins 32 close to the drain valve 21 .

[0043] Specifically, the pushing pin 32 corresponds to the elastic diaphragm 16 one by one and is located directly below the elastic diaphragm 16. During the drainage process, the pushing pin 32 far away from the position of the drain valve 21 is higher, and can first lift the elastic diaphragm 16 at the corresponding position, and then lift the elastic diaphragms 16 close to the drain valve 21 one by one in order from far to near. Since the water flow will naturally flow toward the drain valve 21 position during drainage, this design of lifting the distal elastic diaphragm 16 first can disturb the accumulated liquid in the area far away from the drain valve 21 in turn, causing the impurities mixed in the accumulated liquid to move toward the drain valve 21 position before the proximal area along the direction of water flow. Compared with the situation of lifting multiple elastic diaphragms 16 at the same time, this progressive lifting method can effectively avoid the problem that impurities are accidentally stuck in the gap between adjacent elastic diaphragms 16 during rapid flow due to the simultaneous disturbance of the accumulated liquid in multiple areas, and then difficult to discharge.

[0044] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a guide plate 33 is fixed inside the overflow trough 6, and a guide groove 34 and a discharge groove 35 are provided on the inner bottom surface of the guide plate 33. The cross-sectional area of the guide groove 34 gradually decreases along the direction of water flow, and the guide groove 34 is connected to the discharge groove 35.

[0045] Specifically, under the shaking action of the elastic diaphragm 16, although the deposition and adhesion of impurities in the overflow box 4 can be effectively reduced, the disturbance generated by the shaking of the elastic diaphragm 16 will cause the water overflowing from the overflow trough 6 to show an uneven flow rate, sometimes the water flow is large, sometimes the water flow is small, and even an intermittent unstable state occurs. This fluctuation of water flow will have an adverse effect on the uniform watering of vegetables. To solve this problem, the present invention provides a guide plate 33 with a specific structure inside the overflow trough 6. When the water flow is large during the drainage process, the water flow can directly overflow the top of the guide plate 33. The guide groove 34 and the discharge groove 35 at the top are directly discharged in a relatively smooth state; when the water flow is small, the water flow will enter the guide groove 34 along the path guided by the guide plate 33. Since the cross section of the guide groove 34 is designed to be gradually reduced along the direction of the water flow, this structure can converge and guide the small water flow. The constraint effect generated by the cross-sectional contraction forces the water flow to maintain a certain flow rate and continuity, avoiding the interruption of the water flow due to the small water flow, thereby ensuring that the water flow discharged from the overflow groove 6 always maintains a stable flow state, providing a continuous and uniform water source for vegetable irrigation.

[0046] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a floating plate 36 is inserted into the discharge groove 35 , and guide pins 37 are fixed on both sides of the floating plate 36 . An oblique groove 38 is opened on the side wall of the discharge groove 35 , and the guide pin 37 is inserted into the oblique groove 38 .

[0047] Specifically, when the water flow decreases, the smaller amount of water may have difficulty effectively reaching the vegetable roots due to the short discharge path, resulting in insufficient root absorption. To address this problem, the present invention incorporates a dynamically adjustable float 36 within the discharge trough 35. This float 36 forms a sliding engagement with an inclined groove 38 on the inner wall of the discharge trough 35 via a guide pin 37 on one side. When the water flow is high, the float 36 experiences a strong buoyancy force, driving the guide pin 37 upward along the inclined groove 38 to its top position. At this point, the float 36 retracts entirely into the discharge trough 35, its surface flush with the outlet plane of the discharge trough 35, thus preventing the smooth discharge of the large flow of water. When the water flow decreases, the buoyancy acting on the float 36 decreases, and the guide pin 37, under the combined force of the float 36's own weight and the thrust of the water flow, slides downward along the inclined path of the inclined groove 38. Guided by the inclined groove 38, the float 36 gradually extends outward from the discharge trough 35, forming an extended guide plane. At this time, water with a smaller flow rate will flow along the extended surface of the float plate 36. Through the discharge path extended by the float plate 36, the water that may have dripped directly due to insufficient flow can flow slowly along the surface of the float plate 36, thereby effectively increasing the contact opportunity between the water flow and the plant roots, ensuring that when the water flow is small, the culture solution can still fully contact the plant roots through the guidance of the float plate 36, meeting its water and nutrient absorption needs.

[0048] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the diverter plate 8 is located directly above the drainage space 10 and is provided with a plurality of second water-permeable holes 39. A plurality of receiving plates 40 are spirally arranged from top to bottom in the drainage space 10. One end of the receiving plate 40 is fixed on the infusion tube 3, and the other end of the receiving plate 40 is arranged above the corresponding guide plate 33.

[0049] Specifically, the liquid inlet of the lower overflow box 4 mainly depends on the culture solution overflowing from the upper overflow box 4. Since it takes a certain amount of time for the lower overflow box 4 to be filled with culture solution, if only relying on this single liquid inlet path, the vegetables corresponding to the upper overflow box 4 will receive a longer irrigation time within the same irrigation cycle, resulting in uneven irrigation time for overflow boxes 4 at different heights. To solve this problem, the present invention adds a receiving plate 40 above each lower overflow box 4, so that it can directly receive the culture solution from the second water-permeable hole 39 above. By shortening the flow path of the culture solution, the filling process of the lower overflow box 4 is effectively accelerated, so that the overflow boxes 4 at different heights can complete the liquid filling synchronously during the irrigation process, ensuring that the irrigation time of vegetables on each layer tends to be consistent; Furthermore, the receiving plates 40 are arranged in a spiral shape from top to bottom. This design ensures that the receiving plates 40 of each layer are spatially staggered, effectively preventing the upper receiving plates 40 from blocking the lower layer, so that each receiving plate 40 can receive the culture fluid from the second water permeable holes 39 above without hindrance. This not only ensures the diversion efficiency of the culture fluid, but also optimizes the layout rationality of the multi-layer overflow box 4 through the spirally arranged spatial structure, avoiding the problem of culture fluid receiving failure caused by mechanical structure obstruction. It should be noted that, in order to prevent the receiving plate 40 from hindering the upward movement of the pushing cylinder 24 , the receiving plate 40 is disposed in the clearance groove 29 , and the distribution of the clearance groove 29 is the same as that of the receiving plate 40 .

[0050] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A soilless cultivation device for vegetable cultivation in an agricultural garden, comprising a cultivation cylinder (1), a plurality of mounting openings (2) being provided on the side wall of the cultivation cylinder (1), a liquid infusion tube (3) being fixed inside the cultivation cylinder (1), and a delivery assembly for delivering culture solution into the liquid infusion tube (3) being provided at the bottom of the cultivation cylinder (1), characterized in that: Also includes: An overflow box (4), wherein the overflow box (4) has a plurality of overflow boxes (4), the plurality of overflow boxes (4) are vertically distributed inside the cultivation tube (1), the overflow box (4) is fixed to the cultivation tube (1) via a fixing frame (5), a plurality of overflow grooves (6) are provided on the side wall of the overflow box (4), the overflow grooves (6) are arranged above the corresponding mounting openings (2), and a plurality of overflow ports (7) are provided on a side of the overflow box (4) away from the overflow grooves (6); a diverter plate (8), the diverter plate (8) being fixed to the top of the cultivation tube (1), the liquid outlet end of the liquid delivery tube (3) passing through the diverter plate (8) and extending to the top of the diverter plate (8), a plurality of first water-permeable holes (9) being provided on the surface of the diverter plate (8), the first water-permeable holes (9) being arranged directly above the overflow box (4); A drainage space (10), the drainage space (10) being arranged between the overflow box (4) and the infusion pipe (3), and a flow guide being arranged in the drainage space (10), the flow guide being used to guide the culture fluid flowing out of the upper overflow port (7) into the lower overflow box (4); A choke box (11) has an opening on its top surface, is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder (1), and has a discharge pipe (12) fixed to its bottom.

2. The soilless cultivation device for vegetable planting in an agricultural garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delivery assembly comprises a water storage tank (13), the water storage tank (13) being fixed to the bottom of the cultivation cylinder (1), a water pump (14) being fixed inside the water storage tank (13), and a water outlet end of the water pump (14) being in communication with the liquid delivery pipe (3).

3. The soilless cultivation device for vegetable planting in an agricultural garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting holes (15) are provided on the inner bottom surface of the overflow box (4), an elastic diaphragm (16) is fixed inside the mounting hole (15), a push rod (17) is fixed to the bottom of the elastic diaphragm (16), the flow guide comprises a plurality of fixing plates (18), flexible connecting plates (19) are fixed between adjacent fixing plates (18), a connecting frame (20) is fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate (18), and the connecting frame (20) is fixed to the push rod (17).

4. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drain valve (21) is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the overflow box (4), and the drain valve (21) is located directly above the choke box (11).

5. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 3, characterized in that: A buoyancy ring (22) is provided on the sliding sleeve of the outer wall of the infusion tube (3), a push ring (23) is provided below the connecting frame (20), and the push ring (23) and the buoyancy ring (22) are connected via a connecting assembly.

6. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a push cylinder (24), the push cylinder (24) is sleeved on the surface of the infusion tube (3), a positioning ring (25) is fixed on the surface of the push cylinder (24), a spring (26) is fixed on the top surface of the positioning ring (25), a movable ring (27) is fixed on the top surface of the spring (26), a raised ring (28) is fixed on the inner ring surface of the movable ring (27), a clearance groove (29) is opened on the surface of the push cylinder (24), a plurality of raised blocks (30) are arranged in the clearance groove (29), the raised blocks (30) are fixed on the surface of the infusion tube (3), a connecting rod (31) is arranged above the movable ring (27), and the connecting rod (31) is fixed to the bottom of the push ring (23).

7. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of push pins (32) are fixed on the surface of the push ring (23), and the height of the push pins (32) at a position away from the drain valve (21) is greater than the height of the push pins (32) at a position close to the drain valve (21).

8. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (33) is fixed inside the overflow trough (6), and a guide groove (34) and a discharge groove (35) are provided on the inner bottom surface of the guide plate (33). The cross-sectional area of the guide groove (34) gradually decreases along the direction of water flow, and the guide groove (34) is connected to the discharge groove (35).

9. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 8, characterized in that: A floating plate (36) is inserted into the discharge groove (35), and guide pins (37) are fixed on both sides of the floating plate (36). An inclined groove (38) is opened on the side wall of the discharge groove (35), and the guide pin (37) is inserted into the inclined groove (38).

10. The soilless cultivation device for growing vegetables in an agricultural garden according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diverter plate (8) is provided with a plurality of second water-permeable holes (39) located directly above the drainage space (10). A plurality of receiving plates (40) are provided in a spiral shape from top to bottom in the drainage space (10). One end of the receiving plate (40) is fixed to the infusion tube (3), and the other end of the receiving plate (40) is provided above the corresponding guide plate (33).

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