Spline shaft efficient precise cold extrusion forming equipment and technology thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses spline shaft efficient precise cold extrusion forming equipment and a technology thereof, and relates to the technical field of spline shaft machining. The spline shaft efficient precise cold extrusion forming equipment comprises a forming mechanism, a feeding and discharging mechanism is installed on one side of the forming mechanism, a preheating mechanism is installed on one side of the feeding and discharging mechanism, and the preheating mechanism comprises a mounting frame; according to the device, air in the outer shell is heated through work of a heating pipe, hot air is blown upwards through work of a draught fan, placed workpieces are preheated through filter holes formed in a placing frame, the fluidity of materials can be enhanced, and the deformation resistance of the materials can be reduced; by means of the structure, a mold cavity can be better filled with materials in the cold extrusion process, the complete and accurate spline shaft shape can be formed, the forming quality and size precision of products are improved, defects caused by uneven material flowing are reduced, and meanwhile the load borne by a forming mechanism is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spline shaft processing, in particular to a spline shaft high-efficiency and precise cold extrusion molding device and a process thereof. Background Art

[0002] The spline shaft is a type of mechanical transmission. It has the same function as the flat key, semicircular key and wedge key, which are all used to transmit mechanical torque. There are longitudinal keyways on the surface of the shaft, and the rotating parts on the shaft also have corresponding keyways, which can keep rotating synchronously with the shaft. While rotating, some can also slide longitudinally on the shaft, such as the gearbox shift gear. In the process of spline shaft processing, cold extrusion molding equipment is needed to extrude the spline shaft into shape.

[0003] For example, the "A cold extrusion forming device for a motor spline shaft" with publication number CN219881086U includes a machine base, a column, a top plate, a pressure plate and a hydraulic cylinder. Grooves corresponding to the columns are provided on both sides of the pressure plate. The lower end of the column passes through the groove and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine base. Two connecting blocks are provided in the groove. Part of the connecting block passes through the groove. The two connecting blocks are respectively located on both sides of the column. A first arc groove corresponding to the column is provided on the opposite side of the two connecting blocks. Part of the column extends into the first arc groove. A drag reduction mechanism is provided in the first arc groove.

[0004] In the existing technology, due to the high deformation resistance of the spline shaft material, a greater extrusion force is required to cause the blank to undergo plastic deformation, which will cause the cold extrusion equipment to bear a large load and easily lead to equipment failure. In addition, the high extrusion pressure will cause the mold to bear greater stress, accelerate the wear and deformation of the mold, and shorten the service life of the mold. At the same time, the high deformation resistance of the material will lead to lower plasticity of the material, and cracks and breakage may occur during the cold extrusion process, which will not only affect the service life of the equipment, but also affect the processing quality of the material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spline shaft high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion forming equipment and process thereof, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that due to the large deformation resistance of the spline shaft material, a larger extrusion force is required to make the blank plastically deform, which will cause the cold extrusion equipment to bear a larger load and at the same time lead to lower plasticity of the material, and cracks and breakage may occur during the cold extrusion process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion forming equipment for a spline shaft, comprising a forming mechanism, a loading and unloading mechanism being installed on one side of the forming mechanism, a preheating mechanism being installed on one side of the loading and unloading mechanism, the preheating mechanism comprising a mounting frame, one end of the mounting frame being installed on one side of the forming mechanism, the other end of the mounting frame being fixedly connected to a connecting frame, the inner side of the connecting frame being fixedly connected to an outer shell, the bottom end of the outer shell being fixedly connected to a fan, a heating pipe being installed inside the outer shell, the top end of the outer shell being fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the top side of the mounting plate being rotatably connected to an adjustment plate, the top of the connecting frame being fixedly connected to a placement frame, the preheating mechanism being used to preheat the spline shaft workpiece to be processed, the loading and unloading mechanism being used to clamp and fix the spline shaft workpiece, and to move and adjust its position, and the forming mechanism being used to perform cold extrusion forming on the spline shaft workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, both ends of the top of the placement frame are fixedly connected with side baffles.

[0008] Preferably, the loading and unloading mechanism includes a mounting frame, one side of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to one side of the forming mechanism, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting frame, one side of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to a first electric push rod, and one end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected to a first connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, a sliding block is fixedly connected to one side of the first connecting plate, a guide rail is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding block, and one side of the guide rail is fixedly connected to the other side of the installation frame.

[0010] Preferably, the other side of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate, both ends of the second connecting plate are fixedly connected to the third connecting plate, and one side of the third connecting plate is fixedly connected to the fixing frame.

[0011] Preferably, the inner side of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a transmission gear, and both sides of the transmission gear are engaged with engaging plates, the ends of the engaging plates pass through the sides of the fixed frame, one end of the engaging plate is fixedly connected to a moving rod, and one end of the moving rod is fixedly connected to a clamping plate.

[0012] Preferably, the other side of one of the engaging plates is fixedly connected to a second electric push rod, one side of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to a mounting block, and one side of the mounting block is fixedly connected to one side of the third connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the molding mechanism includes a molding equipment frame, one side of the molding equipment frame is fixedly connected to the first molding mold, one side of the first molding mold is provided with a blanking guide plate, and one end of the blanking guide plate is fixedly connected to one side of the molding equipment frame.

[0014] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the molding equipment frame, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to an upper pressure plate, the four corners of the upper pressure plate are slidably connected to the molding equipment frame, and the other side of the upper pressure plate is fixedly connected to a second molding mold.

[0015] A high-efficiency and precise cold extrusion forming process for a spline shaft comprises the following steps: S1. The workpiece is transported to the placement frame through the conveying mechanism. The heating tube works to heat the air inside the outer shell. The fan works to blow the hot air upward to preheat the workpiece on the placement frame. S2, the second electric push rod drives the meshing plate connected to it to move, the transmission gear rotates, and the other meshing plate moves accordingly, moving the positions of the two moving rods and the clamping plate, adjusting the distance between the two clamping plates to clamp the workpiece; S3: The first electric push rod drives the first connecting plate to move, and the second connecting plate moves accordingly, driving the clamped workpiece to move, switching the position of the workpiece, and loading and unloading the workpiece; S4. After the workpiece is moved onto the first forming die, the hydraulic cylinder drives the second forming die to move, and the workpiece is cold stamped and formed. The formed workpiece is guided by the blanking guide plate for blanking.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the air inside the outer shell is heated by the operation of the heating tube, and the fan blows the hot air upward to preheat the workpiece placed through the filter holes provided on the placement frame, thereby enhancing the fluidity of the material and reducing the deformation resistance of the material, so that the material can better fill the mold cavity during cold extrusion, which is conducive to forming a complete and accurate spline shaft shape, improving the molding quality and dimensional accuracy of the product, reducing defects caused by uneven material flow, and at the same time reducing the load borne by the molding mechanism; 2. In the present invention, the second electric push rod drives the meshing plate connected thereto to move, the transmission gear rotates, the other meshing plate moves, and the moving rod and the clamping plate move, thereby adjusting the distance between the two clamping plates. The workpiece is clamped and fixed by the two clamping plates to prevent the workpiece from falling during loading and unloading. 3. In the present invention, the first electric push rod drives the first connecting plate to move, drives the second connecting plate to move, and the two sets of clamping plates to move. The two sets of clamping plates respectively fix different workpieces. When one workpiece is loaded onto the first forming mold, the other workpiece formed on the first forming mold is moved to the unloading position. The workpiece is guided by the unloading guide plate for unloading, thereby moving the position of the workpiece, and loading and unloading of the workpiece are performed at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the preheating mechanism and the loading and unloading mechanism of a spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a preheating mechanism of a spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the loading and unloading mechanisms of a spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third connecting plate connection structure of a spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the forming mechanism of a spline shaft high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion forming equipment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. forming mechanism; 11. forming equipment frame; 12. upper pressure plate; 13. first forming mold; 14. blanking guide plate; 15. second forming mold; 16. hydraulic cylinder; 2. preheating mechanism; 21. mounting frame; 22. placing frame; 23. side baffle; 24. connecting frame; 25. mounting plate; 26. heating pipe; 27. fan; 28. outer shell; 29. adjusting plate; 3. loading and unloading mechanism; 31. mounting frame; 32. guide rail; 33. fixing plate; 34. sliding block; 35. first connecting plate; 36. second connecting plate; 37. moving rod; 38. clamping plate; 39. first electric push rod; 310. second electric push rod; 311. mounting block; 312. third connecting plate; 313. fixing frame; 314. meshing plate; 315. transmission gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 - Figure 7As shown: A spline shaft high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion forming equipment, including a forming mechanism 1, a loading and unloading mechanism 3 is installed on one side of the forming mechanism 1, and a preheating mechanism 2 is installed on one side of the loading and unloading mechanism 3. The preheating mechanism 2 includes a mounting frame 21, one end of the mounting frame 21 is installed on one side of the forming mechanism 1, and the other end of the mounting frame 21 is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 24, the inner side of the connecting frame 24 is fixedly connected to an outer shell 28, the bottom end of the outer shell 28 is fixedly connected to a fan 27, a heating pipe 26 is installed inside the outer shell 28, the top of the outer shell 28 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 25, the top side of the mounting plate 25 is rotatably connected to an adjusting plate 29, the top of the connecting frame 24 is fixedly connected to a placement frame 22, and the preheating mechanism 2 is used to preheat the spline shaft workpiece to be processed. The loading and unloading mechanism 3 is used to clamp and fix the spline shaft workpiece, move and adjust its position, and the forming mechanism 1 is used to cold extrude the spline shaft workpiece; the top ends of the placement frame 22 are fixedly connected to side baffles 23; the forming mechanism 1 includes a forming equipment frame 11, and one side of the forming equipment frame 11 is fixedly connected to a first forming mold 13, and one side of the first forming mold 13 is provided with a blanking guide 14, and one end of the blanking guide 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the forming equipment frame 11; the top of the forming equipment frame 11 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic cylinder 16, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to an upper pressure plate 12, and the four corners of the upper pressure plate 12 are slidably connected to the forming equipment frame 11, and the other side of the upper pressure plate 12 is fixedly connected to a second forming mold 15.

[0021] After the workpiece moves onto the first forming die 13, the hydraulic cylinder 16 drives the upper pressing plate 12 to move, and the upper pressing plate 12 slides on the forming equipment frame 11, fixing the upper pressing plate 12 to perform linear motion. The movement of the upper pressing plate 12 drives the second forming die 15 to move downward and cooperate with the first forming die 13 for cold extrusion. The ejection assembly inside the first forming die 13 ejects the extruded spline shaft. When the workpiece is sent to the placement frame 22 to wait for loading, the heating pipe 26 works to heat the air inside the outer shell 28, and the fan 27 works to blow the hot air upward, and preheats the placed workpiece through the filter holes opened on the placement frame 22. The adjusting plate 29 is rotatably connected to the top side of the mounting plate 25, which can adjust the direction and range of the airflow, preheat the workpiece to enhance the fluidity of the material, so that the material can better fill the mold cavity during cold extrusion, which is conducive to forming a complete and accurate spline shaft shape, improving the molding quality and dimensional accuracy of the product, and reducing defects caused by uneven material flow.

[0022] Example 2: Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the loading and unloading mechanism 3 includes a mounting frame 31, one side of the mounting frame 31 is fixedly connected to one side of the forming mechanism 1, a fixing plate 33 is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting frame 31, one side of the fixing plate 33 is fixedly connected to a first electric push rod 39, one end of the first electric push rod 39 is fixedly connected to a first connecting plate 35; one side of the first connecting plate 35 is fixedly connected to a sliding block 34, the inner side of the sliding block 34 is slidably connected to a guide rail 32, one side of the guide rail 32 is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting frame 31; the other side of the first connecting plate 35 is fixedly connected to a second connecting plate 36, and both ends of the second connecting plate 36 are fixedly connected to a third connecting plate 35. Connecting plate 312, one side of the third connecting plate 312 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 313; the inner side of the fixed frame 313 is rotatably connected to the transmission gear 315, and both sides of the transmission gear 315 are meshed with meshing plates 314, the end of the meshing plate 314 passes through the side of the fixed frame 313, one end of the meshing plate 314 is fixedly connected to the moving rod 37, and one end of the moving rod 37 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 38; the other side of one of the meshing plates 314 is fixedly connected to the second electric push rod 310, and one side of the second electric push rod 310 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 311, and one side of the mounting block 311 is fixedly connected to one side of the third connecting plate 312.

[0023] The second electric push rod 310 drives the meshing plate 314 connected thereto to move. Through the meshing between the two meshing plates 314 and the transmission gear 315, the transmission gear 315 rotates, and the other meshing plate 314 moves. The outside of the meshing plate 314 slides on the side of the fixed frame 313, and the meshing plate 314 can be fixed to do linear motion. The movement of the meshing plate 314 drives the moving rod 37 and the clamping plate 38 to move, and the distance between the two clamping plates 38 is adjusted. The workpiece is clamped and fixed by the two clamping plates 38. The push rod 39 drives the first connecting plate 35 to move, and the sliding block 34 slides on the outside of the guide rail 32, fixing the first connecting plate 35 to make linear motion. The movement of the first connecting plate 35 drives the second connecting plate 36 to move, and drives the two sets of clamping plates 38 to move. The two clamping plates 38 respectively fix different workpieces. When a workpiece is loaded onto the first forming mold 13, the workpiece formed on the first forming mold 13 is moved to the unloading location. The workpiece is guided by the unloading guide plate 14 to unload the workpiece, thereby moving the position of the workpiece and loading and unloading the workpiece at the same time.

[0024] Example 3: A high-efficiency and precise cold extrusion process for a spline shaft, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The workpiece is transported to the placement frame 22 through the conveying mechanism, the heating tube 26 works to heat the air inside the outer shell 28, and the fan 27 works to blow the hot air upward to preheat the workpiece on the placement frame 22.

[0025] Step 2: The second electric push rod 310 drives the meshing plate 314 connected to it to move, the transmission gear 315 rotates, and the other meshing plate 314 moves accordingly, moving the positions of the two moving rods 37 and the clamping plate 38, and adjusting the distance between the two clamping plates 38 to clamp the workpiece; Step 3: The first electric push rod 39 drives the first connecting plate 35 to move, and the second connecting plate 36 moves accordingly, driving the clamped workpiece to move, switching the position of the workpiece, and loading and unloading the workpiece; Step 4: After the workpiece is moved onto the first forming die 13 , the hydraulic cylinder 16 is operated to drive the second forming die 15 to move, and the workpiece is cold stamped and formed. The formed workpiece is guided by the blanking guide plate 14 for blanking.

[0026] The working principle and usage of this device: After the workpiece moves onto the first forming die 13, the hydraulic cylinder 16 drives the upper pressure plate 12 to move, drives the second forming die 15 to move downward and cooperates with the first forming die 13 to perform cold extrusion. The ejection assembly inside the first forming die 13 ejects the spline shaft after extrusion. When the workpiece is sent to the placement frame 22 to wait for loading, the heating pipe 26 works to heat the air inside the outer shell 28, and the fan 27 works to blow the hot air upward to preheat the placed workpiece through the filter holes opened on the placement frame 22. The adjustment plate 29 is rotatably connected to the top side of the mounting plate 25, which can adjust the direction and range of the airflow.

[0027] After preheating the workpiece, the second electric push rod 310 drives the meshing plate 314 connected to it to move, the transmission gear 315 rotates, and the other meshing plate 314 moves, driving the moving rod 37 and the clamping plate 38 to move, and the distance between the two clamping plates 38 is adjusted. The workpiece is clamped and fixed by the two clamping plates 38, and the first electric push rod 39 drives the first connecting plate 35 to move. The movement of the first connecting plate 35 drives the second connecting plate 36 to move, and the two groups of clamping plates 38 move. Different workpieces are fixed respectively by the two groups of clamping plates 38. When one workpiece is loaded onto the first forming mold 13, the other workpiece formed on the first forming mold 13 is moved to the unloading place for unloading.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and precise cold extrusion molding device for a spline shaft, comprising a molding mechanism (1), characterized in that: A loading and unloading mechanism (3) is installed on one side of the molding mechanism (1), and a preheating mechanism (2) is installed on one side of the loading and unloading mechanism (3). The preheating mechanism (2) includes a mounting frame (21), one end of the mounting frame (21) is installed on one side of the molding mechanism (1), and the other end of the mounting frame (21) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (24), the inner side of the connecting frame (24) is fixedly connected to an outer shell (28), the bottom end of the outer shell (28) is fixedly connected to a fan (27), a heating pipe (26) is installed inside the outer shell (28), the top end of the outer shell (28) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (25), the top side of the mounting plate (25) is rotatably connected to an adjusting plate (29), the top of the connecting frame (24) is fixedly connected to a placement frame (22), the preheating mechanism (2) is used to preheat the spline shaft workpiece to be processed, the loading and unloading mechanism (3) is used to clamp and fix the spline shaft workpiece, and to move and adjust its position, and the molding mechanism (1) is used to cold extrude the spline shaft workpiece.

2. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the top of the placement frame (22) are fixedly connected with side baffles (23).

3. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading and unloading mechanism (3) includes a mounting frame (31), one side of the mounting frame (31) is fixedly connected to one side of the forming mechanism (1), a fixing plate (33) is fixedly connected inside the mounting frame (31), one side of the fixing plate (33) is fixedly connected to a first electric push rod (39), and one end of the first electric push rod (39) is fixedly connected to a first connecting plate (35).

4. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the first connecting plate (35) is fixedly connected to a sliding block (34), the inner side of the sliding block (34) is slidably connected to a guide rail (32), and one side of the guide rail (32) is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting frame (31).

5. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other side of the first connecting plate (35) is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate (36), both ends of the second connecting plate (36) are fixedly connected to the third connecting plate (312), and one side of the third connecting plate (312) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (313).

6. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the fixed frame (313) is rotatably connected to a transmission gear (315), and both sides of the transmission gear (315) are meshed with meshing plates (314). The ends of the meshing plates (314) pass through the sides of the fixed frame (313), and one end of the meshing plate (314) is fixedly connected to a moving rod (37), and one end of the moving rod (37) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (38).

7. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other side of one of the engagement plates (314) is fixedly connected to a second electric push rod (310), one side of the second electric push rod (310) is fixedly connected to a mounting block (311), and one side of the mounting block (311) is fixedly connected to one side of the third connecting plate (312).

8. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The molding mechanism (1) comprises a molding equipment frame (11), a first molding die (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the molding equipment frame (11), a blanking guide plate (14) is provided on one side of the first molding die (13), and one end of the blanking guide plate (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the molding equipment frame (11).

9. The high-efficiency and precision cold extrusion molding equipment for spline shafts according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the molding equipment frame (11), one end of the hydraulic cylinder (16) is fixedly connected to an upper pressing plate (12), four corners of the upper pressing plate (12) are slidably connected to the molding equipment frame (11), and the other side of the upper pressing plate (12) is fixedly connected to a second molding die (15).

10. A high-efficiency and precise cold extrusion process for a spline shaft, characterized by: A spline shaft high-efficiency precision cold extrusion molding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising the following steps: S1, the workpiece is transported to the placement frame (22) through the conveying mechanism, the heating tube (26) works to heat the air inside the outer shell (28), and the fan (27) works to blow the hot air upward to preheat the workpiece on the placement frame (22); S2, the second electric push rod (310) drives the meshing plate (314) connected thereto to move, the transmission gear (315) rotates, and the other meshing plate (314) moves accordingly, moving the positions of the two moving rods (37) and the clamping plate (38), adjusting the distance between the two clamping plates (38) to clamp the workpiece; S3, the first electric push rod (39) drives the first connecting plate (35) to move, and the second connecting plate (36) moves accordingly, driving the clamped workpiece to move, switching the position of the workpiece, and loading and unloading the workpiece; S4. After the workpiece is moved onto the first forming die (13), the hydraulic cylinder (16) operates to drive the second forming die (15) to move, and the workpiece is cold stamped and formed. The formed workpiece is guided by the blanking guide plate (14) for blanking.

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