Rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom

Abstract

A rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for a complex water bottom comprises an overwater floating body and an anchor block sinking in a water bottom rock stratum. The anchor block is characterized in that a plurality of steel chisel assemblies used for preventing the anchor block from sliding laterally are arranged on the anchor block, and the bottoms of the steel chisel assemblies penetrate through the anchor block to be inserted into an underwater rock stratum; the steel chisel assembly is composed of a stamping body and two rock-socketed steel chisels connected to the two ends of the stamping body, and a sleeve used for being connected with the tops of the rock-socketed steel chisels in a sleeving mode is arranged at the end of the stamping body. A lower limiting plate temporarily connected with the anchor block is arranged on the lower portion of the anchor block, and a lower limiting structure used for being connected with the lower limiting plate in a clamped mode is formed on the rock-socketed steel chisel. Compared with the prior art, the rock-socketed steel chisel and the inclined rock stratum are tightly combined, and the anchor block is effectively fixed through the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate, so that the anchoring stability under the inclined terrain bedrock geological condition is greatly improved, and the problem that the anchor block is prone to sliding in a traditional anchoring mode is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anchoring for floating projects on water, and in particular to a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of energy technology, floating photovoltaic power plants are gaining increasing popularity as a new clean energy source. Simultaneously, various floating structures, such as water-based work platforms and aquaculture facilities, are also developing rapidly. However, the safe and stable operation of these floating structures is highly dependent on reliable anchoring systems.

[0003] In actual engineering applications, the bottom of many waters presents an inclined terrain and the bedrock geological conditions are complex. Traditional anchoring methods, such as ordinary gravity anchors, only rely on their own gravity to resist horizontal and vertical forces to achieve tensioning of floating objects.

[0004] However, when the anchor block is under inclined terrain, it is very easy to slip due to the component force of the anchor block's own gravity, making it difficult to maintain a stable anchoring state, thus affecting the anchoring effect.

[0005] Chinese patent CN118220409A discloses a segmented floating photovoltaic lightweight anchoring system and its design method, which includes a floating photovoltaic array floating on the water surface and an anchor block sunk to the bottom of the water, as well as multiple anchor brackets arranged on the outside of the floating photovoltaic array, an upper connector connected to the anchor bracket at one end and to a middle cable at the other end; the middle cable is connected to a lower cable; the lower cable is connected to a bottom connector; and the bottom connector is connected to the anchor block.

[0006] The above-mentioned anchoring system anchors the floating photovoltaic array by connecting anchor blocks at both ends of the floating photovoltaic array. However, when encountering severe weather such as strong winds and waves, the floating body on the water is subjected to upward pulling force, which can easily lead to anchor failure and seriously threaten the safety of the water facilities. At the same time, the above-mentioned anchor blocks are also difficult to achieve effective anchoring of the floating photovoltaic array on the bottom of the water in an inclined state.

[0007] In summary, it is of great practical significance to develop an anchoring device that can adapt to the bedrock geological conditions of inclined terrain, effectively solve the problem of anchor block slippage, and at the same time has good pull-out resistance and efficient construction. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms, which has good pull-out resistance and can effectively resist the slippage of the anchor block.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms, comprising an above-water floating body and an anchor block sunk in the underwater rock formation; characterized in that the anchor block is provided with a plurality of steel drill assemblies for preventing the anchor block from sliding laterally, and the bottom of the steel drill assembly passes through the anchor block and is inserted into the underwater rock formation; the steel drill assembly is composed of a stamping body and two rock-embedded steel drills connected to both ends of the stamping body, and the end of the stamping body is provided with a sleeve for sleeve-fitting the top of the rock-embedded steel drill; the lower part of the anchor block is provided with a lower limiting plate temporarily connected to the anchor block, and the rock-embedded steel drill is formed with a lower limiting structure for clamping the lower limiting plate; the rock-embedded steel drill is also provided with an upper limiting plate for limiting the floating of the anchor block, and the steel drill assembly is formed with an upper limiting structure for clamping the upper limiting plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the anchor block includes a base for increasing the contact area with the underwater rock formation and a guide block for reducing the impact of water flow on the anchor block. A lifting ring is pre-embedded on the top of the guide block, and a number of ropes are provided on the lifting ring for tightening the floating body on the water.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the base and the guide block are an integrally cast structure, and the guide block is a trapezoidal structure formed above the base.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the sleeve is pre-embedded at the bottom of the punching body, and the sleeve is a blind hole structure for achieving abutment between the top of the rock-embedded steel drill and the punching body.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the sleeve is clearance-matched with the rock-embedded steel drill.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a through hole is formed on the anchor block to facilitate the penetration of the rock-embedded steel drill, and the size of the through hole is larger than the radial size of the lower limiting structure.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the lower limiting structure includes a lower guide bar and a lower abutment plate located above the lower guide bar, and a lower clamping position for clamping the lower limiting plate is formed between the lower guide bar and the lower abutment plate.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the upper limiting structure includes an upper guide bar and an upper abutment plate located below the upper guide bar, and an upper clamping position for clamping the upper limiting plate is formed between the upper guide bar and the upper abutment plate.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the upper limiting plate is fixedly connected to the rock-embedded steel drill by welding.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the lower limiting structure, the upper limiting structure and the rock-embedded steel drill are an integrated structure.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the close connection between the rock-embedded steel drill and the inclined rock layer, as well as the effective fixation of the anchor block by the upper and lower limit plates, greatly improves the anchoring stability under the geological conditions of inclined bedrock, and effectively solves the problem of easy slippage of the anchor block in traditional anchoring methods. By inserting the embedded steel drill deeper into the rock formation, the anchoring system can better resist the upward pulling force, thus improving the safety of the floating body in severe weather conditions; The construction method of inserting rock-embedded steel drills with a vibratory hammer is relatively simple to operate and has a fast construction speed. Compared with the traditional pile foundation anchoring method, it greatly shortens the construction period. The construction process causes less damage to the surrounding geological environment, meets the current requirements of green construction, and reduces the impact on the ecological environment of the water area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the anchor block and the steel drill assembly; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock-embedded steel drill; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the stamping body; Figure numerals: floating body 1, anchor block 2, base 21, guide block 22, lifting ring 23, steel drill assembly 3, stamping body 31, rock-embedded steel drill 32, lower limiting plate 33, upper limiting plate 34, sleeve 35, lower limiting structure 36, lower guide bar 361, lower abutting plate 362, lower clamping position 363, upper limiting structure 37, upper guide bar 371, upper abutting plate 372, upper clamping position 373, rope 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex bottoms includes a floating body 1 and an anchor block 2 sunk in the underwater rock formation; the anchor block 2 is provided with a plurality of steel drill assemblies 3 for preventing the anchor block 2 from sliding laterally, and the bottom of the steel drill assembly 3 passes through the anchor block 2 and is inserted into the underwater rock formation; the steel drill assembly 3 is composed of a punching body 31 and two rock-embedded steel drills 32 connected to the two ends of the punching body 31, and the end of the punching body 31 is provided with a sleeve 35 for sleeve-engaging the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 32; the lower part of the anchor block 2 is provided with a lower limiting plate 33 temporarily connected to the anchor block 2, and the rock-embedded steel drill 32 is formed with a lower limiting structure 36 for clamping the lower limiting plate 33; the rock-embedded steel drill 32 is also provided with an upper limiting plate 34 for limiting the floating of the anchor block 2, and the steel drill assembly 3 is formed with an upper limiting structure 37 for clamping the upper limiting plate 34.

[0023] The floating body 1 floats on the water surface under the action of its own buoyancy, and the anchor block 2 sinks to the bottom of the water under the action of its own gravity and is placed on the rock layer submerged in the water. The steel drill assembly 3 passes through the anchor block 2 and is inserted into the rock layer under the water. After the steel drill assembly 3 penetrates into the rock layer, the steel drill assembly 3 is tightly combined with the rock layer under the water. At this time, the middle part of the steel drill assembly 3 is in contact with the anchor block 2. Under the supporting action of the middle part of the steel drill assembly 3, the lateral sliding of the anchor block 2 is limited. At the same time, under the positioning action of the steel drill assembly 3, the lateral limiting support strength of the middle part of the steel drill assembly 3 and the anchor block 2 is ensured.

[0024] The anchor block 2 includes a base 21 for increasing the contact area with the bottom rock layer and a guide block 22 for reducing the impact of water flow on the anchor block 2. A lifting ring 23 is pre-buried on the top of the guide block 22, and a number of ropes 4 are provided on the lifting ring 23 for tightening the floating body 1 on the water.

[0025] The lifting ring 23 is used to lift the anchor block 2 and also to tighten the floating body 1 on the water. The number of ropes 4 is set according to actual conditions. Under the action of the ropes 4, since the length of the ropes 4 is constant and the position of the anchor block 2 is constant, the floating body 1 on the water is limited within a certain range of movement, thereby preventing the floating body 1 on the water from drifting away.

[0026] The base 21 and the guide block 22 are an integral cast structure. The guide block 22 is a trapezoidal structure formed above the base 21. The base 21 and the guide block 22 are cast using the same steel cage. The base 21 is a cubic structure. The bottom of the base 21 is in direct contact with the underwater rock formation. The guide block 22 is a regular trapezoidal structure. The guide block 22 is tilted inward from bottom to top. When the lateral water flow hits the guide block 22, the water flow is guided upward at an angle under the action of the guide block 22, so that the base 21 and the guide block 22 receive the decomposed downward pressure. While buffering the water flow, it also achieves stable downward pressure on the anchor block 2, ensuring the stability of the anchor block 2.

[0027] The sleeve 35 is pre-embedded at the bottom of the punch body 31 , and is a blind hole structure for achieving contact between the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 32 and the punch body 31 . The sleeve 35 is clearance-matched with the rock-embedded steel drill 32 .

[0028] The stamping body 31 is a concrete structure. A steel cage for casting the stamping body 31 is provided inside the stamping body 31. The sleeve 35 is tied to the steel cage of the stamping body 31, so that during the casting process of the stamping body 31, the sleeve 35 is pre-embedded in the stamping body 31 and a fixed connection between the sleeve 35 and the stamping body 31 is achieved.

[0029] When the sleeve 35 is sleeved on the rock-embedded steel drill 32, the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 32 is sleeved in the sleeve 35, and the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 32 abuts against the punching body 31, thereby limiting the height of the punching body 31 on the rock-embedded steel drill 32 and ensuring that the punching body 31 is installed on the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 32.

[0030] At the same time, when the two sleeves 35 at both ends of the punch body 31 are simultaneously engaged with the two corresponding rock-embedded steel drills 32, the horizontal freedom of the punch body 31 is restricted under the action of the two sleeves 35, and the downward freedom of the punch body 31 is restricted under the abutment of the rock-embedded steel drills 32 and the punch body 31. The punch body 31 has only one degree of freedom, which is upward movement.

[0031] During use, the punching body 31 is clamped by the hammer head of the vibrating hammer, and the hammer head of the vibrating hammer clamps the punching body 31 and the sleeve 35 at the same time. Under the impact of the vibrating hammer, the rock-embedded steel drill 32 is driven deep into the rock formation. After the vibrating hammer is used, the punching body 31 can be released from the rock-embedded steel drill 32 by pulling it upward, thereby reducing the impact of water flow on the steel drill assembly 3.

[0032] A through hole 24 is formed on the anchor block 2 for the rock-embedded steel drill 32 to pass through. The size of the through hole 24 is larger than the radial size of the lower limiting structure 36 , and the lower limiting structure 36 needs to be set through the through hole 24 .

[0033] The lower limiting plate 33 is connected by shear screws or brittle adhesives with a calculated fracture threshold, ensuring that after receiving a certain pressure from the lower limiting structure 36, the temporary connection between the lower limiting plate 33 and the bottom of the anchor block 2 is broken, thereby transferring the lower limiting plate 33 to the lower limiting structure 36.

[0034] The lower limiting structure 36 includes a lower guide bar 361 and a lower abutting plate 362 located above the lower guide bar 361 . A lower engaging position 363 for clamping the lower limiting plate 33 is formed between the lower guide bar 361 and the lower abutting plate 362 .

[0035] The lower guide bar 361 is a sheet structure that is arranged around the rock-embedded steel drill 32, and the lower guide bar 361 is a triangular sheet structure whose size gradually increases from bottom to top. Specifically, the lower guide bar 361 can be a right-angled triangular sheet structure. The right angle of the lower guide bar 361 is formed at the top of the lower guide bar 361, and the inclined side of the lower guide bar 361 can guide and support the lower limit plate 33.

[0036] The lower limiting plate 33 is a hollow structure, and the hollow size of the lower limiting plate 33 is smaller than the diameter size formed at the top of the lower guide bar 361 of the rock-embedded steel drill 32 .

[0037] Under the vibration action of the vibrating hammer, the rock-embedded steel drill 32 gradually moves downward, synchronously driving the lower guide bar 361 and the lower abutment plate 362 to move downward. After the lower guide bar 361 moves to the lower limit plate 33, the lower guide bar 361 squeezes the middle part of the lower limit plate 33. Under the action of the squeezing force, the temporary connection between the lower limit plate 33 and the anchor block 2 is disengaged. At this time, the lower limit plate 33 is clamped in the lower clamping position 363 or the lower limit plate 33 directly contacts the underwater rock formation. As the lower guide bar 361 continues to descend, the lower limit plate 33 is clamped in the lower clamping position 363, increasing the contact area between the rock-embedded steel drill 32 and the underwater rock formation, ensuring the anchoring stability of the rock-embedded steel drill 32.

[0038] Since the rock-embedded steel drill 32 will cause the underwater rock formation to break during the process of penetrating into the underwater rock formation, the crack can meet the needs of the lower limit plate 33, the lower guide bar 361 and the lower abutment plate 362 to penetrate into the underwater rock formation. At the same time, under the action of water flow, the water flow will drive gravel or algae to fill the cracks where the anchoring is completed, thereby improving the anchoring stability of the rock-embedded steel drill 32.

[0039] The upper limiting structure 37 includes an upper guide bar 371 and an upper abutment plate 372 located below the upper guide bar 371. An upper clamping position 373 for clamping the upper limiting plate 34 is formed between the upper guide bar 371 and the upper abutment plate 372. The upper limiting plate 34 is fixedly connected to the rock-embedded steel drill 32 by welding.

[0040] The upper limiting plate 34 is pre-connected to the upper limiting structure 37 by extrusion or stamping. The upper limiting structure 37 is used to improve the structural strength of the upper limiting plate 34 on the rock-embedded steel drill 32. The upper limiting plate 34 is used to limit the anchor block 2 to prevent the anchor block 2 from detaching from the rock-embedded steel drill 32 through the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 32. During the vibration process of the vibratory hammer, the upper limiting plate 34 is used to limit the anchor block 2 that is subjected to vertical vibration lifting.

[0041] The lower limiting structure 36, the upper limiting structure 37 and the rock-embedded steel drill 32 are an integrated structure.

[0042] At the same time, the upper limiting plate 34 can visually observe the penetration of the rock-embedded steel drill 32 to ensure that the penetration of the rock-embedded steel drill 32 and the matching of the anchor block 2 are at a proper position.

[0043] During actual use, first, according to the specific conditions of the inclined rock formation and the anchoring force required for the floating body 1 on the water, select the rock-embedded steel drill 32 and anchor block 2 of appropriate length and specification, connect the vibratory hammer to the punching body 31 at the top of the rock-embedded steel drill 1, start the vibratory hammer, and gradually insert the rock-embedded steel drill 32 into the inclined rock formation. During the insertion process, the upper limit plate 34 will limit the movement of the anchor block 2 to ensure the stability of the construction process. After the insertion is completed, the rock-embedded steel drill 1 penetrates into the rock formation and works together with the anchor block 2 to achieve stable anchoring of the floating body 1 on the water.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be embodied in the widest possible manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0045] Although this document frequently uses the following terms in the figures: floating body 1, anchor block 2, base 21, guide block 22, lifting ring 23, steel drill assembly 3, punch body 31, rock-embedded steel drill 32, lower limiting plate 33, upper limiting plate 34, sleeve 35, lower limiting structure 36, lower guide bar 361, lower abutting plate 362, lower engaging portion 363, upper limiting structure 37, upper guide bar 371, upper abutting plate 372, upper engaging portion 373, rope 4, etc., the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for use in complex water bottoms, comprising a floating body (1) and an anchor block (2) sunk in the rock formation at the bottom of the water; characterized in that: The anchor block (2) is provided with a plurality of steel drill assemblies (3) for preventing the anchor block (2) from sliding laterally, and the bottom of the steel drill assembly (3) passes through the anchor block (2) and is inserted into the underwater rock layer; the steel drill assembly (3) is composed of a punching body (31) and two rock-embedded steel drills (32) connected to the two ends of the punching body (31); the end of the punching body (31) is provided with a sleeve (35) for sleeve-engaging the top of the rock-embedded steel drill (32); the lower part of the anchor block (2) is provided with a lower limiting plate (33) temporarily connected to the anchor block (2), and the rock-embedded steel drill (32) is formed with a lower limiting structure (36) for clamping the lower limiting plate (33); the rock-embedded steel drill (32) is also provided with an upper limiting plate (34) for limiting the floating of the anchor block (2), and the steel drill assembly (3) is formed with an upper limiting structure (37) for clamping the upper limiting plate (34).

2. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor block (2) comprises a base (21) for increasing the contact area with the bottom rock layer and a guide block (22) for reducing the impact of water flow on the anchor block (2). A lifting ring (23) is pre-buried on the top of the guide block (22), and a plurality of ropes (4) for tightening the floating body (1) on the water are provided on the lifting ring (23).

3. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (21) and the guide block (22) are an integral cast structure, and the guide block (22) is a trapezoidal structure formed above the base (21).

4. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (35) is pre-embedded at the bottom of the punching body (31), and the sleeve (35) is a blind hole structure for achieving abutment between the top of the rock-embedded steel drill (32) and the punching body (31).

5. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (35) is clearance-matched with the rock-embedded steel drill (32).

6. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor block (2) is formed with a through hole (24) for facilitating the penetration of the rock-embedded steel drill (32), and the size of the through hole (24) is larger than the radial size of the lower limiting structure (36).

7. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower limiting structure (36) comprises a lower guide bar (361) and a lower abutting plate (362) located above the lower guide bar (361), and a lower clamping position (363) for clamping the lower limiting plate (33) is formed between the lower guide bar (361) and the lower abutting plate (362).

8. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper limiting structure (37) comprises an upper guide bar (371) and an upper abutting plate (372) located below the upper guide bar (371), and an upper clamping position (373) for clamping the upper limiting plate (34) is formed between the upper guide bar (371) and the upper abutting plate (372).

9. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper limiting plate (34) is fixedly connected to the rock-embedded steel drill (32) by welding.

10. The rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower limiting structure (36), the upper limiting structure (37) and the rock-embedded steel drill (32) are an integrated structure.

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