Fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line

Abstract

The invention discloses a fiber carding and opening device and a spunlace production line, and belongs to the technical field of fiber production. The carding machine mainly comprises a carding assembly, a driving assembly comprises supporting plates installed on supporting side plates, a supporting panel is arranged between the two sets of supporting plates, and an adjusting assembly comprises two sets of needle roller parts which are installed on the supporting panel and have an interval. The cleaning assembly comprises a concave frame body arranged on the supporting panel in an embedded mode, the concave frame body is provided with a groove, and a sliding block sliding in the linear direction of the groove is arranged in the groove. A cleaning cover is detachably installed on the bottom face of the sliding block, a waist groove is formed in the inner wall of the cleaning cover, the cleaning cover communicates with a fixing pipe, a pipe cover is installed on the auxiliary plate in a penetrating mode, a fan is arranged on the inner wall of the pipe cover, and comb-tooth-shaped pulling teeth are arranged on the cleaning cover in the radial direction of the cleaning cover. According to the fiber carding and opening device and the spunlace production line, the distance between the needle rollers is adjusted to adapt to fibers, and the cleaning assembly automatically peels, adsorbs and winds the fibers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fiber production technology, specifically to a fiber carding and opening device and a spunlace production line. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern textiles, nonwovens, and related material processing, efficient fiber processing is a key factor in determining product quality and production efficiency. Carding and opening, as a core pre-process in fiber processing, aims to fully loosen, mix, and comb the fiber raw materials into a uniform fiber web, providing a high-quality foundation for subsequent processes such as hydroentanglement. The typical process of a fiber spunlace production line is different. The typical process involves opening, carding, laying, pre-wetting, spunlace, and dehydration (water removal). Opening is the initial process of loosening the fiber raw material into a loose fiber state. After carding and laying to form a fiber web, pre-wetting is performed to ensure uniform moisture absorption, preparing the web for spunlace. Spunlace then proceeds, using high-pressure water jets to impact the web, entangle and reinforce the fibers. After spunlace, the web passes through a dehydration device to remove moisture, completing the initial processing of the product. In the field of fiber processing, needle rollers are core combing components, and their performance directly determines production efficiency and finished product quality. However, the fixed needle tooth density design of existing needle rollers makes it difficult for the sparse needle teeth to accurately grasp soft fibers such as cashmere and silk, resulting in loose and uneven fiber combing. When processing coarse and hard fibers such as flax and sisal, overly dense needle teeth can easily cause excessive pulling, causing fiber breakage. At the same time, fibers with strong entanglement, such as cotton wool and wool, will become entangled and attached to the needle teeth during the combing process. As the amount of entanglement increases, it not only weakens the combing ability of the needle roller, but also increases the operating resistance. In order to remove entangled fibers, workers need to frequently stop the machine for manual cleaning. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fiber combing and opening device and a spunlace production line to solve the above problems.

[0003] It should be noted that the above information disclosed in this Background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the problem to be solved by this application is: to provide a fiber combing and opening device and a spunlace production line, which solves the problem that in fiber processing, the needle roller has poor adaptability to different fibers due to the fixed needle tooth density and is easy to entangle the fibers, resulting in poor combing, reduced efficiency and frequent maintenance.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a fiber combing and loosening device and a spunlace production line, including a combing component, a driving component, an adjusting component and a cleaning component, the combing component including a processing table, with support side plates installed at both ends of the processing table; a driving component is arranged between the two groups of support side plates, the driving component including a support plate installed on the support side plates, a support panel is arranged between the two groups of support plates, the adjusting component including two groups of needle roller parts with a spacing installed on the support panel, the needle roller part including two groups of support blocks with a spacing installed on the support panel, a first screw rod is installed on the bearing between the two groups of support blocks, the first screw rod is provided with four groups of spirally opposite threaded segments, and the four groups of threaded segments are all threadedly connected with needle rollers; the support panel and There is a certain gap between the needle rollers, and the cleaning assembly is provided with two groups, and the cleaning assembly includes a concave frame body embedded in the support panel, the concave frame body has a groove, and the groove is provided with a sliding block that slides along the straight direction thereof; the bottom surface of the sliding block is detachably installed with a cleaning cover of an annular structure, the inner diameter of the cleaning cover is larger than the diameter of the needle roller, and a waist groove for the fiber filaments to pass through is provided on the inner wall of the cleaning cover, and a fixed tube is connected to the cleaning cover, which passes through the sliding block and the concave frame body in turn, and an auxiliary plate is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate, and a pipe cover is installed through the auxiliary plate, a fan is provided on the inner wall of the pipe cover, and a hose is connected between the pipe cover and the fixed tube, and a comb-tooth type extraction tooth is provided on the cleaning cover along its radial direction.

[0006] Furthermore, in the initial state, the four groups of needle rollers have the same spacing, a first motor is embedded in the side of one group of support plates, one end of the first motor is connected to the first screw rod of a group of needle roller parts, the needle roller part located on the front side is defined as the first needle roller part, and the needle roller part located on the rear side is defined as the second needle roller part, the first screw rod of the first needle roller part is sleeved with a first pulley, the first screw rod of the second needle roller part is sleeved with a second pulley, and a belt body is connected between the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0007] Furthermore, a second screw rod is installed on the bearing between the inner walls of the groove, the sliding block is threadedly connected to the second screw rod, a limiting rod is installed between the inner walls of the groove, the sliding block is movably sleeved on the limiting rod, a second motor is installed on the side of the support plate, the output end of the second motor passes through the support plate and is connected to one end of the second screw rod, the other end of the pipe cover is threadedly connected to a right-angle tube, and one end of the right-angle tube is suitable for being connected to an external dust collection device.

[0008] Furthermore, there is a small gap between the comb-tooth type pulling teeth and the needling of the needle roller, and the comb-tooth type pulling teeth are suitable for pulling off the limit wrapped on the needling of the needle roller.

[0009] Furthermore, a fixing unit is installed on the sliding block, and the fixing unit realizes the detachability between the cleaning cover and the sliding block. The fixing unit includes a second clamping ring installed on the sliding block, and the second clamping ring is provided with a through long groove for the fixing tube to pass through. One end of the second clamping ring is hinged with the first clamping ring, and one end of the second clamping ring is movably connected to the rotating shaft. One end of the first clamping ring is provided with a notch groove adapted to the diameter of the rotating shaft. The second clamping ring is suitable for fitting and docking with the first clamping ring to hold the cleaning cover, and the rotating shaft is suitable for rotatably engaging in the notch groove. A fastener is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the fastener is suitable for fitting on one end surface of the first clamping ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving assembly further comprises a connecting frame connected between the two groups of support plates, two groups of pushing units are provided in the connecting frame, and the two groups of pushing units are suitable for respectively pushing the two ends of the support panel up and down to enable the needle roller to loosen the fiber, the pushing unit comprises a third motor installed in the connecting frame, the output end of the third motor is installed with a rotating shaft, the inner wall of the connecting frame is installed with two groups of support rods, and a vertically arranged rotating column is installed on the bearing between the two groups of support rods; A spiral groove is provided on the rotating column along the circumferential direction, and a linkage rod is movably passed through the two groups of support rods, and a sliding buckle portion is sleeved on the linkage rod, and the sliding buckle portion is in the spiral groove in the default state. An opening box is installed on the side close to each other of the two groups of support plates, and a through groove larger than the size of the opening box is provided on the support panel, and a first spring is installed on the top end of the inner wall of the opening box, and a push rod is passed through the center of the first spring, and a connecting shaft is connected between one end of the two groups of push rods, and a sleeve portion is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the sleeve portion is installed on the upper surface of the support panel, and the other end of the first spring is against the connecting shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the push rod passes through the connecting frame and has a small gap with one end of the linkage rod. The rotating column has a roller shaft, which passes through the support rod. A second bevel gear is installed at one end of the roller shaft, and a first bevel gear is installed at one end of the rotating shaft. The first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

[0012] Furthermore, two groups of toggle units are installed on the support panel, and the toggle units are spaced apart from the needle rollers.

[0013] Furthermore, the toggle unit includes a connecting piece installed on the support panel close to the processing table, a guide rod is installed through the connecting piece, one end of the guide rod is installed through the support panel, a second spring is sleeved on the guide rod, one end of the second spring is connected to the connecting piece, a limiting piece is sleeved on the guide rod, the other end of the second spring is connected to the limiting piece, a fixing sleeve is installed at one end of the guide rod, a connecting plate is installed on the fixing sleeve, a toggle plate is installed between the two groups of the connecting plates by bolts, and the toggle plate is used for flattening the fibers after the needle roller opens them.

[0014] Furthermore, a web laying machine, a pre-wetting machine, a spunlace machine and a dehydrating machine are sequentially arranged on one side of the carding assembly; The combing assembly uses the screw of the adjustable needle roller part to drive the dynamic change of the distance between the needle rollers to adapt to the combing needs of fibers of different thicknesses; At the same time, the cleaning component automatically removes the fibers wrapped around the needle roller; The carded fibers are cross-laid into a uniform fiber web by a web laying machine; The pre-wetting machine pre-wet the fiber web by spraying or rolling to improve the fiber cohesion; The hydroentanglement machine uses high-pressure water to flow through multiple hydroentanglement nozzles to puncture the fiber web, causing the fibers to entangle and form. The supporting water circulation system uses multi-stage filtration to prevent nozzle clogging; The dewatering machine removes moisture from the spunlace fiber web through vacuum suction or roller squeezing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a fiber combing and loosening device and a spunlace production line, which can drive the needle rollers to move synchronously toward or away from each other by adjusting the four sets of opposite spiral thread segments of the first screw in the assembly, thereby adjusting the needle tooth density; when processing fine and soft fibers such as cashmere, the distance between the needle rollers is reduced to make the grasping more precise and avoid loose combing; when processing coarse and hard fibers such as flax, the distance between the needle rollers is increased to reduce breakage caused by excessive pulling, thereby improving the fiber combing uniformity and the quality of the finished product. The cleaning assembly drives the cleaning cover to reciprocate along the axial direction of the needle roller through the sliding block, and the comb-tooth extraction of the inner wall maintains a small gap with the needle roller needling, which can forcibly peel off the entangled fibers. At the same time, the fan forms a negative pressure airflow through the hose and the fixed pipe, and the peeled fibers are quickly sucked into the dust collection device.

[0016] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present application also has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings that constitute part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a fiber combing and opening device and a spunlace production line in this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the opening device structure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of point A; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the regulation component structure in ; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cleaning component structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D; Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are: 1. Combing assembly; 11. Processing table; 12. Support side plate; 13. Bracket; 14. Guide roller; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Support plate; 22. Connecting frame; 23. Third motor; 231. Rotating shaft; 232. First bevel gear; 24. Second bevel gear; 25. Support rod; 26. Rotating column; 27. Spiral groove; 28. Linking rod; 29. Sliding buckle; 210. Push rod; 211. First spring; 213. Connecting shaft; 214. Support panel; 215. Socket joint; 216. Connecting piece; 217. Guide rod; 218. Second spring; 219. Fixing sleeve; 220. Connecting plate; 221. Toggle plate; 222. Opening box; 3. Adjustment assembly; 31. Support block; 32. First screw rod; 33. Needle roller; 34. First motor; 35. First pulley; 36. Belt body; 4. Cleaning assembly; 41. Concave frame; 42. Groove; 43. Second screw; 44. Sliding block; 45. Limiting rod; 46. First clamping ring; 47. Second clamping ring; 48. Rotating shaft; 49. Notched groove; 410. Fastener; 411. Cleaning cover; 412. Comb-shaped tooth extraction; 413. Auxiliary plate; 414. Pipe cover; 415. Hose; 416. Right-angle pipe; 5. Net laying machine; 6. Pre-wetting machine; 7. Hydroentanglement machine; 8. Dehydration machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present application provides a fiber carding and opening device and a spunlace production line, including a carding component 1, a driving component 2, an adjustment component 3, a cleaning component 4, a carding machine 5, a web laying machine 6, a pre-wetting machine 7, a spunlace machine 8 and a dewatering machine 9; The carding assembly 1 includes a processing table 11, on which support side plates 12 are fixedly installed near both ends, and two sets of brackets 13 are fixedly installed on the processing table 11, and a guide roller 14 is mounted on a bearing between the two sets of brackets 13, and the guide roller 14 is used to guide and transport the fiber; like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the driving assembly 2 includes a support plate 21 fixedly mounted on the support side plate 12, a support panel 214 is provided between the two groups of support plates 21, and a certain gap is formed between the support panel 214 and the guide roller 14. The adjusting assembly 3 includes two groups of needle roller portions mounted on the support panel 214 on a side close to the processing table 11, with a certain gap between the two groups of needle roller portions, and the needle roller portion includes two groups of support blocks 31 fixedly mounted on the support panel 214 on a side close to the processing table 11, with a certain distance between the two groups of support blocks 31; A first screw rod 32 is mounted on a bearing between the two groups of support blocks 31. The first screw rod 32 is provided with four groups of spirally opposite thread segments (not shown in the figure), and needle rollers 33 are threadedly connected to the four groups of thread segments. In the initial state, the four groups of needle rollers 33 have the same spacing, and a first motor 34 is embedded in the side of a group of support plates 21. One end of the first motor 34 is connected to the first screw rod 32 of a group of needle roller parts. It should be noted that the needle roller part located on the front side is defined as the first needle roller part, and the needle roller part located on the rear side is defined as the second needle roller part (reference Figure 6 ); A first pulley 35 is sleeved on the first screw rod 32 of the first needle roller part, and a second pulley (not shown in the figure) is sleeved on the first screw rod 32 of the second needle roller part. A belt body 36 is connected between the first pulley 35 and the second pulley. Adjustment assembly 3 dynamically adjusts the spacing between needle rollers 33, effectively addressing the poor adaptability of conventional needle rollers 33 to different fibers. Its operating principle is as follows: a first motor 34 drives the first screw 32 of the first needle roller section, which in turn rotates synchronously via a first pulley 35, a belt body 36, and a second pulley. Four sets of oppositely directed helical threads (alternating left and right) on each screw cause the four needle rollers 33 to move toward or away from each other. When the screw rotates clockwise, the two middle needle rollers 33 move closer together, while the two side needle rollers 33 move away from each other, increasing the density of the needle teeth and making it suitable for processing soft fibers such as cashmere and silk. When the screw rotates counterclockwise, the two middle needle rollers 33 move away from each other, while the two side needle rollers 33 move closer together, decreasing the density of the needle teeth and preventing excessive pulling on coarse fibers such as flax and sisal. By controlling the direction and stroke of the motor, the spacing between the needle rollers 33 can be adjusted in real time to optimize the gripping force and combing effect for different fibers, achieving multi-purpose use of one machine, improving production efficiency and the quality of the finished product. like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, there is a certain gap between the support panel 214 and the needle roller 33, and the cleaning assembly 4 is embedded in the support panel 214 on a side close to the processing table 11. The cleaning assembly 4 is provided with two groups, and the cleaning assembly 4 includes a concave frame 41 embedded in the support panel 214 on a side close to the processing table 11, and the concave frame 41 has a groove 42, and a second screw rod 43 is mounted on a bearing between the inner walls of the groove 42, and a sliding block 44 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 43. At the same time, a limiting rod 45 is fixedly installed between the inner walls of the groove 42, and the sliding block 44 is movably sleeved on the limiting rod 45 at the same time, and a second motor (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate 21, and the output end of the second motor passes through the support plate 21 and is connected to one end of the second screw rod 43; When the motor is started, it drives the second screw rod 43 to rotate. The sliding block 44 threadedly connected to the second screw rod 43 is movably sleeved on the limiting rod 45 between the inner walls of the groove 42. The limiting rod 45 ensures that the sliding block 44 can only reciprocate along the axial direction of the screw rod and cannot rotate. As the second screw rod 43 rotates, the sliding block 44 moves linearly in the groove 42 along the limiting rod 45. The cleaning cover 411 is detachably mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding block 44. The cleaning cover 411 is an annular structure, and the inner diameter of the cleaning cover 411 is larger than the diameter of the needle roller 33. A waist groove (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner wall of the cleaning cover 411 for the fiber filaments to pass through. At the same time, a fixed pipe (not shown in the figure) is connected to the cleaning cover 411. The fixed pipe passes through the sliding block 44 and the concave frame 41 in sequence, and an auxiliary plate 413 is fixedly mounted on the side of the support plate 21. A pipe cover 414 is mounted on the auxiliary plate 413. A fan is provided on the inner wall of the pipe cover 414, and a hose 415 is connected between the pipe cover 414 and the fixed pipe. At the same time, a right-angle pipe 416 is threadedly connected to the other end of the pipe cover 414, and one end of the right-angle pipe 416 is suitable for being connected to an external dust collecting device. At the same time, comb-tooth-shaped teeth 412 are provided along the radial direction of the cleaning cover 411. There is a small gap between the comb-tooth-shaped teeth 412 and the needles of the needle roller 33. The comb-tooth-shaped teeth 412 are suitable for removing the limiter wrapped around the needles of the needle roller 33. When the second motor drives the second screw 43 to rotate, the sliding block 44, constrained by the limiting rod 45, moves back and forth along the screw's axis, driving the annular cleaning cover 411 on the bottom surface to move synchronously. The inner diameter of the cleaning cover 411 is larger than that of the needle roller 33, and the comb-shaped teeth 412 on its inner wall maintain a slight gap with the needle roller 33. As the cleaning cover 411 moves, the comb-shaped teeth 412 forcibly remove fibers entangled with the needle roller 33. Simultaneously, when the fan is activated, negative pressure is created within the tube cover 414, which draws air through the hose 415 and fixed tube into the waist groove of the cleaning cover 411, generating a high-speed rotating airflow within. Fibers removed by the comb-tooth plucking teeth 412 are rapidly drawn into the fixed tube by the airflow and discharged through the hose 415, tube cover 414, and right-angle tube 416 (which can be connected to a dust collector). The bidirectional movement of the sliding block 44 allows the cleaning cover 411 to cover the entire length of the needle roller 33, achieving a combined cleaning process of stripping and airflow adsorption. This prevents fiber residue and eliminates the need for manual intervention, improving cleaning efficiency and equipment continuity. The detachable design of the cleaning cover 411 facilitates maintenance and replacement, ensuring that the comb-tooth plucking teeth 412 maintain their efficient plucking capabilities.

[0021] like Figure 8As shown, specifically, the sliding block 44 is provided with a fixing unit, which realizes the detachability between the cleaning cover 411 and the sliding block 44, and the fixing unit includes a second clamping ring 47 fixedly mounted on the sliding block 44, and the second clamping ring 47 is provided with a through long groove for the fixing pipe to pass through (not shown in the figure), a first clamping ring 46 is hingedly connected to one end of the second clamping ring 47, and a rotating shaft 48 is movably connected to one end of the second clamping ring 47, and a notch groove 49 adapted to the diameter of the rotating shaft 48 is provided at one end of the first clamping ring 46, the second clamping ring 47 is adapted to fit and dock with the first clamping ring 46 to hold the cleaning cover 411, and the rotating shaft 48 is adapted to be rotatably engaged in the notch groove 49, and a fastener 410 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 48, and the fastener 410 is adapted to fit on one end surface of the first clamping ring 46; The cleaning cover 411 and the sliding block 44 are quickly assembled and disassembled by means of a hinged clamping ring and a threaded fastening structure. During installation, the fixing tube of the cleaning cover 411 passes through the through-long slot of the second clamping ring 47. The first clamping ring 46 rotates around the hinge point and abuts against the second clamping ring 47, forming an annular structure to hold the cleaning cover 411. After the rotating shaft 48 is engaged with the notched slot 49 of the first clamping ring 46, the threaded fastener 410 (such as a nut) is tightened to abut against the surface of the first clamping ring 46. The clamping ring is locked by axial force, ensuring that the cleaning cover 411 is secure. To disassemble, reverse the process, loosen fastener 410, rotate shaft 48 out of notch 49, and open first clamp ring 46 to remove cleaning cover 411. This design utilizes a combination of hinged opening and closing and a single threaded pair to quickly replace cleaning cover 411 without tools, meeting the needs of frequent equipment maintenance. The clamp ring's annular holding structure also ensures the stability of cleaning cover 411 during movement, preventing airflow leakage that could affect cleaning results.

[0022] like Figure 3-Figure 7 As shown, specifically, the driving assembly 2 also includes a connecting frame 22 fixedly connected between the two groups of support plates 21, and two groups of pushing units are provided in the connecting frame 22. The two groups of pushing units are suitable for respectively realizing up and down reciprocating pushing with the two end positions of the support panel 214, so that the needle roller 33 loosens the fibers passing through the guide roller 14, and the pushing unit includes a third motor 23 fixedly installed in the connecting frame 22, and a rotating shaft 231 is fixedly installed at the output end of the third motor 23. At the same time, two groups of support rods 25 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting frame 22, and a vertically arranged rotating column 26 is installed on the bearing between the two groups of support rods 25; A spiral groove 27 is provided on the rotating column 26 along the circumferential direction. At the same time, a linkage rod 28 is movably passed through between the two groups of support rods 25. A sliding buckle portion 29 is sleeved on the linkage rod 28. The sliding buckle portion 29 is in the spiral groove 27 in the default state. An opening box 222 is fixedly installed on the surface close to each other on the two groups of support plates 21. At the same time, a through groove (not marked in the figure) larger than the size of the opening box 222 is provided on the support panel 214. A first spring 211 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the opening box 222, and a push rod 210 passes through the center of the first spring 211. A connecting shaft 213 is fixedly connected between one end of the two groups of push rods 210. A sleeve portion 215 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 213, and the sleeve portion 215 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the support panel 214. The other end of the first spring 211 is abutted against the connecting shaft 213. At the same time, one end of the push rod 210 passes through the connecting frame 22 and has a small gap with one end of the linkage rod 28. The rotating column 26 has a roller shaft, which passes through the support rod 25 and is fixedly mounted with a second bevel gear 24 at one end of the roller shaft. At the same time, a first bevel gear 232 is fixedly mounted at one end of the rotating shaft 231, and the first bevel gear 232 is meshed with the second bevel gear 24. The operating principle of the drive assembly 2 is as follows: the third motor 23 drives the rotating shaft 231 to rotate, which, through the meshing transmission of the first bevel gear 232 and the second bevel gear 24, causes the vertically mounted rotating column 26 to rotate synchronously. The spiral groove 27 on the circumferential direction of the rotating column 26 cooperates with the sliding buckle 29 on the linkage rod 28, converting the rotational motion of the rotating column 26 into the vertical linear motion of the linkage rod 28. As the linkage rod 28 moves up and down, the gap between its end and the push rod 210 changes. The first spring 211 in the opening box 222 elastically supports the push rod 210, causing the push rod 210 to move up and down synchronously with the linkage rod 28. Push rod 210 is fixedly connected to support panel 214 via connecting shaft 213 and sleeve 215, thereby driving support panel 214 and the needle roller 33 mounted below it to achieve up and down reciprocating motion. Two sets of push units act on both ends of support panel 214, ensuring that the needle roller 33 vibrates smoothly as a whole, loosening the fibers passing through guide roller 14.

[0023] When the third motor 23 continues to operate, the spiral groove 27 of the rotating column 26 forces the slider 29 to slide along the groove, causing the linkage rod 28 to perform periodic lifting and lowering motions. In its initial state, the first spring 211 abuts the connecting shaft 213, maintaining contact between the push rod 210 and the linkage rod 28, ensuring stable motion transmission. The needle roller 33 below the support panel 214 vibrates up and down with the panel, and its needles repeatedly contact and separate from the fibers, creating a "beating"-like loosening effect, effectively combing the fiber bundles and removing impurities. The through-groove design allows the support panel 214 to vibrate freely outside the open box 222, avoiding structural interference. The elasticity of the spring cushions vibration shocks, extending the service life of the equipment. This structure achieves active vibration of the needle rollers through mechanical transmission, improving fiber opening efficiency and uniformity compared to traditional static carding methods.

[0024] like Figure 6-Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, specifically, two sets of toggle units are installed on the support panel 214, and the toggle units are spaced apart from the needle roller 33. The toggle units include a connecting piece 216 fixedly mounted on the support panel 214 near the processing table 11. A guide rod 217 is installed through the connecting piece 216. One end of the guide rod 217 is installed through the support panel 214. At the same time, a second spring 218 is sleeved on the guide rod 217. One end of the second spring 218 is connected to the connecting piece 216. At the same time, a limiting piece (not shown in the figure) is sleeved on the guide rod 217, and the other end of the second spring 218 is connected to the limiting piece. A fixing sleeve 219 is fixedly mounted on one end of the guide rod 217, and a connecting plate 220 is fixedly mounted on the fixing sleeve 219. A toggle plate 221 is mounted between the two sets of connecting plates 220 via bolts. The toggle plate 221 is used to level the fibers after the needle roller 33 has opened them. The connecting piece 216 on the support panel 214 is connected to the fixed sleeve 219 via a guide rod 217. The guide rod 217 can slide up and down along the through hole of the connecting piece 216. A second spring 218 is sleeved on the guide rod 217, with one end abutting the connecting piece 216 and the other end fixed to the guide rod 217 via a limiting plate, forming an elastic support structure. After the needle roller 33 loosens the fibers, the toggle plate 221 is elastically pressed against the fiber surface by the second spring 218. As the support panel 214 vibrates or the fibers move, the toggle plate 221 adaptively floats with the guide rod 217 via the connecting plate 220 and the fixed sleeve 219. Using its own curvature or surface structure, the toggle plate 221 further flattens and straightens the loosened fiber bundles, eliminating localized accumulation or entanglement and achieving a more even fiber distribution.

[0025] When the fiber moves on the guide roller 14, the toggle plate 221 is affected by the resistance of the fiber or the vibration of the support panel 214. The guide rod 217 slides up and down along the connecting piece 216, and the second spring 218 is compressed or stretched accordingly, providing dynamic buffering force. This elastic floating mechanism ensures that the toggle plate 221 can effectively contact the fiber for leveling operation without causing excessive squeezing or damage to the fiber. The design of the bolt allows the installation angle and position of the toggle plate 221 to be adjusted to meet the processing requirements of different types of fibers. By working together with the needle roller 33, the toggle unit performs secondary finishing on the fibers after the opening process, improving the flatness and uniformity of the fiber web, and laying a good foundation for subsequent processes such as hydroentanglement reinforcement.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the overall process of the fiber spunlace production line includes a combing component 1, a web laying machine 5, a pre-wetting machine 6, a spunlace machine 7 and a dewatering machine 8: the combing component 1 drives the distance between the needle rollers 33 to change dynamically through the screw of the adjustable needle roller part (such as the bidirectional thread design to realize the opposite / opposite movement of the needle rollers 33), adapting to the combing needs of fibers of different coarse and fine sizes, and the cleaning component 4 automatically removes the fibers entangled by the needle rollers 33; the combed fibers are cross-laid into a uniform fiber web by the web laying machine 5; the pre-wetting machine 6 pre-wet the fiber web by spraying or rolling to improve the fiber cohesion; the spunlace machine 7 uses high-pressure water to flow through multiple spunlace heads to puncture the fiber web, so that the fibers are entangled and formed, and the supporting water circulation system prevents nozzle clogging through multi-stage filtration; the dewatering machine 8 removes moisture from the spunlace fiber web through vacuum suction or roller squeezing, laying the foundation for subsequent drying and winding processes. The entire process realizes efficient and continuous operation from fiber combing to non-woven fabric forming, effectively solving the problems of poor fiber adaptability and frequent maintenance of traditional equipment.

[0027] In summary, the fiber combing and loosening device and spunlace production line rotate the screw driven by the motor of the adjustment component 3, and utilizes the spiral grooves 27 with opposite spirals to make the needle rollers 33 move toward or away from each other, dynamically adjusting the needle tooth density to adapt to the combing needs of fibers of different thicknesses; the motor of the cleaning component 4 drives the sliding block 44 to move back and forth along the screw, and the comb-tooth-type extraction teeth 412 of the cleaning cover 411 peel off the entangled fibers on the needle roller 33, while the negative pressure airflow of the fan sucks the peeled fibers into the dust collection device to achieve automatic cleaning; the motor of the driving component 2 drives the needle roller 33 to vibrate up and down through the bevel gear transmission and the spiral groove 27 mechanism to loosen the fibers, and cooperates with the elastic toggle plate 221 of the toggle unit to adaptively float, so as to smooth and straighten the loosened fibers. The spunlace production line then passes the combed fibers through the processes of laying, pre-wetting, spunlace, and dehydration in sequence, realizing continuous production from fiber to non-woven fabric.

[0028] The fixed tooth density of traditional needle rollers 33 cannot account for different fiber characteristics. This device dynamically adjusts the spacing of the needle rollers 33. When processing fine and soft fibers such as cashmere, the needle rollers 33 converge toward the center to increase the tooth density and improve grasping accuracy. When processing coarse and hard fibers such as flax, the needle rollers 33 disperse to the sides to reduce the tooth density and avoid excessive pulling and breakage. This design solves the problem of traditional needle rollers 33 loosely combing fine and soft fibers and easily breaking coarse and hard fibers. It achieves the adaptive processing of multiple fiber types with one machine, reduces downtime caused by changing needle rollers 33, improves production efficiency, and reduces fiber damage rate, ensuring the stability of the finished product quality.

[0029] To address the problem of cotton, wool, and other fibers easily tangling around the needle teeth, requiring frequent downtime for cleaning, this device uses the comb-shaped teeth extraction 412 of the cleaning component 4 in synergy with the negative pressure airflow to simultaneously remove tangled fibers while the equipment is operating, eliminating the need for manual intervention and significantly reducing the frequency of downtime for cleaning. The detachable design of the cleaning cover 411 enables quick disassembly and assembly through an articulated clamp ring and a threaded fastening structure, facilitating maintenance and replacement, further improving the continuity of equipment operation. In addition, the vibration loosening of the drive component 2 and the leveling action of the toggle unit make the fibers more evenly combed, reducing the possibility of fiber accumulation and entanglement, reducing the need for cleaning at the source, and improving the overall automation level and reliability of the production line.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fiber combing and opening device and a spunlace production line, comprising a combing component (1), a driving component (2), an adjusting component (3) and a cleaning component (4), characterized in that: The combing assembly (1) comprises a processing table (11), and support side plates (12) are installed at both ends of the processing table (11); The driving assembly (2) comprises a support plate (21) mounted on the supporting side plate (12), a support panel (214) being provided between two groups of support plates (21), the adjusting assembly (3) comprising two groups of needle roller parts with a spacing therebetween mounted on the support panel (214), the needle roller part comprising two groups of support blocks (31) with a spacing therebetween mounted on the support panel (214), a first screw rod (32) being mounted on a bearing between the two groups of support blocks (31), the first screw rod (32) being provided with four groups of spirally opposite threaded sections, and the four groups of threaded sections being all threadedly connected to a needle roller (33); There is a certain gap between the support panel (214) and the needle roller (33), and the cleaning assembly (4) is provided with two groups. The cleaning assembly (4) includes a concave frame (41) embedded in the support panel (214), and the concave frame (41) has a groove (42). The groove (42) has a sliding block (44) that slides along the groove in a straight direction. A cleaning cover (411) with an annular structure is detachably mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding block (44). The inner diameter of the cleaning cover (411) is larger than the diameter of the needle roller (33), and a waist groove for fiber filaments to pass through is provided on the inner wall of the cleaning cover (411). A fixed pipe is connected to the cleaning cover (411), and the fixed pipe passes through the sliding block (44) and the concave frame (41) in sequence. An auxiliary plate (413) is fixedly mounted on the side of the support plate (21), and a pipe cover (414) is installed on the auxiliary plate (413). A fan is provided on the inner wall of the pipe cover (414), and a hose (415) is connected between the pipe cover (414) and the fixed pipe. Comb-shaped extraction teeth (412) are provided on the cleaning cover (411) along its radial direction.

2. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the initial state, the four groups of needle rollers (33) have the same spacing, a first motor (34) is embedded in the side of one group of support plates (21), one end of the first motor (34) is connected to the first screw rod (32) of a group of needle roller parts, the needle roller part located on the front side is defined as the first needle roller part, and the needle roller part located on the rear side is defined as the second needle roller part, the first screw rod (32) of the first needle roller part is sleeved with a first pulley (35), the first screw rod (32) of the second needle roller part is sleeved with a second pulley, and a belt body (36) is connected between the first pulley (35) and the second pulley.

3. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second screw rod (43) is installed on a bearing between the inner walls of the groove (42), the sliding block (44) is threadedly connected to the second screw rod (43), a limiting rod (45) is installed between the inner walls of the groove (42), the sliding block (44) is movably sleeved on the limiting rod (45), a second motor is installed on the side of the support plate (21), the output end of the second motor passes through the support plate (21) and is connected to one end of the second screw rod (43), the other end of the pipe cover (414) is threadedly connected to a right-angle tube (416), and one end of the right-angle tube (416) is suitable for being connected to an external dust collecting device.

4. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 3, characterized in that: There is a small gap between the comb-tooth type extraction teeth (412) and the needling of the needle roller (33), and the comb-tooth type extraction teeth (412) are suitable for removing the limiter wrapped on the needling of the needle roller (33).

5. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing unit is installed on the sliding block (44), and the fixing unit realizes the detachability between the cleaning cover (411) and the sliding block (44). The fixing unit includes a second clamping ring (47) installed on the sliding block (44), and the second clamping ring (47) is provided with a through long groove for the fixing pipe to pass through. One end of the second clamping ring (47) is hinged with the first clamping ring (46), and one end of the second clamping ring (47) is movably connected with a rotating shaft (48). One end of the first clamping ring (46) is provided with a notch groove (49) adapted to the diameter of the rotating shaft (48). The second clamping ring (47) is suitable for fitting and docking with the first clamping ring (46) to hold the cleaning cover (411), and the rotating shaft (48) is suitable for rotating and engaging in the notch groove (49). A fastener (410) is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft (48), and the fastener (410) is suitable for fitting on one end surface of the first clamping ring (46).

6. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving assembly (2) further comprises a connecting frame (22) connected between the two groups of support plates (21), two groups of pushing units are arranged in the connecting frame (22), and the two groups of pushing units are respectively adapted to push the two ends of the support panel (214) up and down to enable the needle roller (33) to loosen the fibers, the pushing unit comprises a third motor (23) installed in the connecting frame (22), a rotating shaft (231) is installed at the output end of the third motor (23), two groups of support rods (25) are installed on the inner wall of the connecting frame (22), and a vertically arranged rotating column (26) is installed on the bearing between the two groups of support rods (25); A spiral groove (27) is provided on the rotating column (26) along the circumferential direction. A linkage rod (28) is movably passed through between the two groups of support rods (25). A sliding buckle portion (29) is sleeved on the linkage rod (28). The sliding buckle portion (29) is located in the spiral groove (27) in a default state. An opening box (222) is installed on the side close to each other on the two groups of support plates (21). A through groove larger than the size of the opening box (222) is provided on the support panel (214). A first spring (211) is installed at the top of the inner wall of the opening box (222), a push rod (210) passes through the center of the first spring (211), a connecting shaft (213) is connected between one end of the two groups of push rods (210), a sleeve portion (215) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (213), and the sleeve portion (215) is installed on the upper surface of the support panel (214), and the other end of the first spring (211) is against the connecting shaft (213).

7. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the push rod (210) passes through the connecting frame (22) and has a small gap with one end of the linkage rod (28). The rotating column (26) has a roller shaft, which passes through the support rod (25). One end of the roller shaft is installed with a second bevel gear (24). One end of the rotating shaft (231) is installed with a first bevel gear (232). The first bevel gear (232) is meshed with the second bevel gear (24).

8. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two groups of toggle units are installed on the support panel (214), and the toggle units are spaced apart from the needle roller (33).

9. The fiber carding and opening device and spunlace production line according to claim 8, characterized in that: The toggle unit includes a connecting piece (216) installed on a side of the support panel (214) close to the processing table (11), a guide rod (217) is installed through the connecting piece (216), one end of the guide rod (217) is set through the support panel (214), a second spring (218) is sleeved on the guide rod (217), one end of the second spring (218) is connected to the connecting piece (216), a limiting piece is sleeved on the guide rod (217), the other end of the second spring (218) is connected to the limiting piece, a fixing sleeve (219) is installed on one end of the guide rod (217), a connecting plate (220) is installed on the fixing sleeve (219), a toggle plate (221) is installed between two groups of the connecting plates (220) by bolts, and the toggle plate (221) is used for flattening the fibers after the needle roller (33) is opened.

10. The fiber spunlace production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: A web laying machine (5), a pre-wetting machine (6), a water spunlace machine (7) and a dehydrating machine (8) are sequentially arranged on one side of the combing assembly (1); The combing assembly (1) drives the needle rollers (33) to dynamically change the spacing between them through the screw rod of the adjustable needle roller part, so as to adapt to the combing requirements of fibers of different thicknesses; The cleaning component (4) automatically removes fibers entangled with the needle roller (33); The combed fibers are cross-laid into a uniform fiber web by a web laying machine (5); The pre-wetting machine (6) pre-wet the fiber web by spraying or rolling to improve the fiber cohesion; The hydroentanglement machine (7) uses high-pressure water to flow through multiple hydroentanglement heads to puncture the fiber web, so that the fibers are entangled and formed. The supporting water circulation system prevents nozzle clogging through multi-stage filtration; The dehydrator (8) removes moisture from the spunlace fiber web by vacuum suction or roller squeezing.

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