Combined light high-strength and high-toughness energy-dissipation retaining structure, construction method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a combined light high-strength and high-toughness energy dissipation retaining structure, a construction method and application, the retaining structure is composed of multi-stage staggered micro pile group energy dissipation modules and anchoring energy dissipation modules, the micro pile group energy dissipation modules are distributed on the two sides of the central axis of a channel and are obliquely arranged from the edge to the middle of the channel, and the anchoring energy dissipation modules are distributed on the two sides of the central axis of the channel. When a plurality of micro pile group energy consumption modules arranged in a channel are projected on the central axis, every two adjacent micro pile group energy consumption modules are provided with overlapped parts, and the micro pile group energy consumption modules are connected with the two anchoring energy consumption modules through connecting beams at the tops of the micro pile group energy consumption modules. The arrangement direction of one group of anchoring energy dissipation modules is parallel to the direction of the connecting beams of the micro pile group energy dissipation modules, and the arrangement direction of the other group of anchoring energy dissipation modules is perpendicular to the direction of the connecting beams of the micro pile group energy dissipation modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and in particular relates to a combined lightweight, high-strength and toughness energy-absorbing retaining structure, a construction method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Affected by global climate change, high-altitude geological disasters are prone to occur frequently. Their disaster mechanisms are complex and their disaster modes are changeable. They can trigger secondary disasters such as surges and barrier lakes. They are difficult to identify early, have a large scale, a wide impact range, and are difficult to prevent and control. They bring unprecedented huge challenges to national space security and human engineering activities, and have become a special type of disaster that has attracted attention from the industry.

[0003] Conventional geological hazards can generally be effectively managed through the combined use of anti-slip piles, anchor cables, and flexible nets. However, for high-altitude geological hazards, the energy generated by the high location of the source area, the large drop height difference, and the amplification effect of scraping along the way are enormous, making traditional prevention and control structures unable to meet their load-bearing requirements. Furthermore, high-altitude geological hazards often occur in mountainous areas, especially plateau mountainous areas, where transportation is relatively inconvenient and large construction machinery is difficult to pass, placing higher demands on the "lightweight" prevention and control structures.

[0004] Application number 201922045482.3, invention title: "A Tough Energy-Dissipating Steel Column," discloses a tough energy-dissipating steel column constructed on a concrete foundation. The column comprises a high-strength support, a main column, an outrigger cantilever plate, a high-strength anchor, and a damper. The outrigger cantilever plate is welded to the flange plate of the main column above the damper. The lower portion of the high-strength anchor is embedded in the concrete foundation, while the upper portion passes through the outrigger cantilever plate and is provided with a composite disc spring. The high-strength support is placed in a retaining groove in the concrete foundation, and cushioning rubber pads are provided at the bottom and around the concrete retaining groove. The combination of the damper and the composite disc spring increases the structure's energy dissipation and self-resetting capabilities.

[0005] A tough energy-absorbing steel column achieves earthquake resistance by controlling the rotation of the structure and reducing the structural swing. The embedded parts in the concrete are used for the installation of the columns and mainly bear vertical loads. They cannot be used for geological disaster prevention and control. Geological disaster prevention and control requires structural parts to absorb the impact energy of the disaster body, and geological disaster prevention and control mainly bears horizontal impacts.

[0006] Existing technologies often employ methods like rerouting and relocating to avoid high-altitude geological hazards. For essential control measures, traditional mitigation structures like micro-anti-slip piles, anchor cables, and flexible nets are still used. These structures often require excessive load-bearing capacity, making control projects uneconomical and difficult to implement, especially in mountainous areas with limited accessibility. Therefore, finding safe, reliable, and cost-effective ways to control high-altitude geological hazards remains a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a combined lightweight, high-strength and toughness energy-absorbing retaining structure, a construction method and an application.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure is composed of multiple levels of staggered micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules and anchor-pull energy-absorbing modules. The micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules are arranged obliquely from the edge to the middle of the channel, and multiple micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules are distributed on both sides of the central axis of the channel. When the multiple micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules arranged in the channel are projected onto the central axis, two adjacent micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules have overlapping parts. The micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules are connected to two groups of anchor-pull energy-absorbing modules through the connecting beams at their tops. The arrangement direction of one group of anchor-pull energy-absorbing modules is parallel to the direction of the connecting beams of the micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules, and the arrangement direction of the other group of anchor-pull energy-absorbing modules is perpendicular to the direction of the connecting beams of the micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules.

[0009] Furthermore, the layout direction of the micro pile group energy dissipation module in the trench is 45 degrees to the trench.

[0010] Furthermore, the micropile group energy dissipation module consists of several linearly arranged micropile group energy dissipation units and a connecting beam mounted on top. The micropile group energy dissipation units include multiple micropiles arranged in rows and connected by connecting rods. A pile platform is built near the ground near the micropile group energy dissipation unit, and multiple horizontally placed rubber tires are stacked continuously from the pile platform to the connecting beam.

[0011] Furthermore, the multiple micropiles arranged in rows include a first row of micropiles, a second row of micropiles and a third row of micropiles. The first row of micropiles consists of one micropiles, the second row of micropiles consists of two micropiles, which are located behind the first row of micropiles. The second row of micropiles is arranged symmetrically with the first row of micropiles as the axis, so that the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles form an equilateral triangle. The third row of micropiles consists of two micropiles, which are located directly behind the second row of micropiles, so that the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles form a square.

[0012] Furthermore, the first row of micropiles is divided into an upper half and a lower half, the two sections are connected by rubber bearings, and the upper half is poured with fiber concrete, the connecting rods used by the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles are horizontal rods and diagonal rods, horizontal viscous dampers are installed on the horizontal rods, and diagonal viscous dampers are installed on the diagonal rods, horizontal rods and diagonal rods are installed between the second row of micropiles, the connecting rods used by the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles are horizontal rods, and horizontal rods are installed between the third row of micropiles, and the second and third rows of micropiles are at the same height as the first row of micropiles, the second and third rows of micropiles are also divided into an upper half and a lower half, the upper half of the second row of micropiles and the upper half of the third row of micropiles are the same length as the upper half of the first row of micropiles, and are all poured with fiber concrete.

[0013] Furthermore, the pile platform construction area is circular, the center of which is the center of an equilateral triangle formed by the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles, and the inner side of the rubber tire is in contact with the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles, and the outer side of the rubber tire is in contact with the third row of micropiles.

[0014] Furthermore, the pile platform has a certain depth, with a portion buried underground and a portion located on the ground. The pile platform has a concave cavity, the rubber bearing is located in the concave cavity, and a drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the concave cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer contour and the cavity of the pile platform are both circular.

[0016] Furthermore, the horizontal viscous damper and the oblique viscous damper are both provided with data monitoring interfaces, which are connected to a data acquisition instrument via a data connection line. The data obtained by the data acquisition instrument can be used to analyze the frequency and scale of disasters.

[0017] Furthermore, the anchor-pull energy dissipation module comprises an anchoring structure, a high-strength cable, an energy dissipation assembly, a connecting beam connector, and an energy dissipation assembly connector. Both ends of the energy dissipation assembly are connected to the high-strength cable via the energy dissipation assembly connector. One end of the high-strength cable is connected to the anchor-pull connector, the other end of the high-strength cable is connected to the connecting beam connector, the connecting beam connector is connected to the connecting beam, and the other end of the anchor-pull connector is connected to the anchoring structure constructed on the channel wall.

[0018] On the other hand, it also provides a construction method for a combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure, including: S1. Drill holes in the channel wall and construct anchoring structures; S2. Pour fiber concrete into the pile tube above the rubber bearing of the first row of micropiles, and pre-embed the rubber bearing anchor bolts to form a prefabricated part; S3. Drill holes, insert the first row of micro-piles below the rubber bearing pile pipe, the second row of micro-piles and the third row of micro-piles, and in the first row of micro-piles below the rubber bearing pile pipe top embedded rubber bearing anchor bolts; S4. Pour concrete into the underground pipe of the first row of micropiles below the rubber bearings, the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles, and then pour fiber concrete into the above-ground pipe of the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles; S5. Excavate the soil, set up formwork, cast a pile platform with a cavity and pre-set drainage holes at the bottom of the cavity. After curing is completed, remove the formwork, backfill the soil around the pile platform, and compact it. S6. Install the rubber bearing and the upper prefabricated parts; S7. Install horizontal rods with horizontal viscous dampers and diagonal rods with diagonal viscous dampers between the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles, and install horizontal rods and diagonal rods between the second row of micropiles; S8. Insert data cables into the two viscous dampers and connect the cables to a data acquisition device. Temporarily secure the data acquisition device to the top of the first row of micropiles. S9. Hoist rubber tires directly above the pile platform, so that the inner side of the rubber tires are aligned with the first and second rows of micropiles, and the outer side of the rubber tires are aligned with the third row of micropiles. Secure the data acquisition device inside the topmost rubber tire, away from the first row of micropiles. S10. Install horizontal rods between the third row of micropiles and between the second and third rows of micropiles, and install tie beams; S11. Sequentially connect the connecting beam connector, high-strength cable, energy dissipation component connector, energy dissipation component, energy dissipation component connector, high-strength cable and anchor connector to form a kit; S12. Connect the kit to the anchor structure and the connecting beam in sequence to complete the installation.

[0019] Methods for resisting geological disasters with combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structures include: S1. The disaster object first collides with the rubber tires of the micropile cluster's energy dissipation modules. The rubber tires begin to dissipate energy first. The first row of micropiles supports the inner side of the rubber tire's leading edge, while the third row of micropiles supports the outer side of the rubber tire's trailing edge. The rubber tires deform to absorb the energy of the disaster object. S2. The inner side of the rubber tire deforms, squeezing the first row of micropiles. The micropiles above and below the rubber bearing shift, compressing and deforming the horizontal and diagonal viscous dampers. The synergistic action of the rubber bearing, horizontal and diagonal viscous dampers further dissipates the energy of the disaster body. S3. When the first row of micropiles experiences significant displacement, causing the second and third rows of micropiles to bend overall and the connecting beam to deform, the tension in the anchor-pull energy dissipation module increases, causing the energy dissipation components therein to stretch and deform, further dissipating the energy of the disaster area. S4. When the energy of the disaster body is large, the leading micro-pile group energy consumption module and the anchor pull energy consumption module are not enough to deplete the energy of the disaster body. The disaster body will continue to move downward, and the following micro-pile group energy consumption module and the anchor pull energy consumption module will continue to consume energy according to steps S1 to S3.

[0020] Among them, for smaller disaster bodies, energy may be consumed by colliding with their sides through the gaps between adjacent micro-pile group energy-consuming units. For larger disaster bodies, energy is consumed mainly by frontal resistance through movement between mutually perpendicular micro-pile group energy-consuming modules.

[0021] S5. After the impact with the affected object is complete, the rubber tire rebounds, its deformation gradually recovers, the upper portion of the first row of micropiles gradually returns to its original position, the rubber bearing deformation gradually recovers, the two compressed viscous dampers gradually recover, the stretched energy dissipation components rebound, the overall deformation of the retaining structure recovers, and its energy dissipation capacity is restored accordingly. S6. When the disaster-affected body collides again, the retaining structure repeats steps S1 to S5 to achieve energy dissipation.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention: This invention employs multi-stage energy-dissipating components. The rubber tires dissipate energy first, followed by compression and deformation of the damper, which in turn triggers continued energy dissipation through the anchor pull energy-dissipating assembly. Furthermore, the multi-stage staggered arrangement and interconnected connections create a cohesive structure. This not only enhances the retaining structure's resilience to horizontal impacts, but also reduces its size, resulting in improved engineering cost-effectiveness and easier construction. Furthermore, by collecting monitoring data from the energy-dissipating components, the frequency and scale of disasters can be analyzed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the micro pile group consumption module; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy consumption unit of a micro pile group; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the anchor pull energy consumption module.

[0024] In the figure: 1- channel, 2- micro pile group energy dissipation module, 3- anchor pull energy dissipation module; 21-Connecting beam, 22-Micropile group energy dissipation unit, 221-First row of micropiles, 222-Second row of micropiles, 223-Third row of micropiles, 224-Pile platform, 225-Scupper hole, 226-Rubber bearing, 227-Horizontal rod, 228-Diagonal rod, 229-Horizontal viscous damper, 2210-Diagonal viscous damper, 2211-Rubber tire, 2212-Data connection cable, 2213-Data acquisition instrument; 31-high-strength cable, 32-connecting beam connector, 33-energy dissipation component connector, 34-energy dissipation component, 35-anchor connector, 36-anchor structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure of the present invention is composed of multi-level staggered micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 and anchor energy-absorbing modules 3. The micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 are arranged obliquely from the edge to the middle of the channel 1. A plurality of micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 are distributed on both sides of the central axis of the channel 1. When the plurality of micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 arranged in the channel 1 are projected onto the central axis, two adjacent micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 have overlapping parts. The micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 are connected to two groups of anchor energy-absorbing modules 3 through the connecting beam 21 at the top thereof. The arrangement direction of one group of anchor energy-absorbing modules 3 is parallel to the direction of the connecting beam 21 of the micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2, and the arrangement direction of the other group of anchor energy-absorbing modules 3 is perpendicular to the direction of the connecting beam 21 of the micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2.

[0027] Furthermore, the arrangement direction of the micro pile group energy dissipation module 2 in the channel 1 is 45 degrees to the channel 1 .

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the micropile group energy dissipation module 2 comprises a plurality of linearly arranged micropile group energy dissipation units 22 and a connecting beam 21 mounted on top thereof. The micropile group energy dissipation units 22 comprise a plurality of micropiles arranged in rows, connected by connecting rods. A pile platform 224 is constructed near the ground near the micropile group energy dissipation units 22, and a plurality of horizontally placed rubber tires 2211 are stacked continuously from the pile platform 224 to the connecting beam 21.

[0029] like Figure 3As shown, the plurality of micropiles arranged in rows include a first row of micropiles 221, a second row of micropiles 222 and a third row of micropiles 223. The first row of micropiles 221 consists of one micropiles, the second row of micropiles 222 consists of two micropiles, which are located behind the first row of micropiles 221, and the second row of micropiles 222 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first row of micropiles 221, so that the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222 form an equilateral triangle. The third row of micropiles 223 consists of two micropiles, which are located directly behind the second row of micropiles 222, so that the second row of micropiles 222 and the third row of micropiles 223 form a square.

[0030] Furthermore, the first row of micropiles 221 is divided into an upper half and a lower half, the two sections are connected by a rubber support 226, and the upper half is poured with fiber concrete. The connecting rods used by the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222 are horizontal rods 227 and oblique rods 228, and the horizontal rods 227 are equipped with horizontal viscous dampers 229, and the oblique rods 228 are equipped with oblique viscous dampers 2210. The second row of micropiles 222 are equipped with horizontal rods 227 and oblique rods 228. The connecting rods used for the micropiles 222 and the third row of micropiles 223 are horizontal rods 227. The third row of micropiles 223 are installed with horizontal rods 227 between each other, and the second row of micropiles 222 and the third row of micropiles 223 are at the same height as the first row of micropiles 221. The second row of micropiles 222 and the third row of micropiles 223 are also divided into upper and lower sections. The upper half of the second row of micropiles 222 and the upper half of the third row of micropiles 223 are the same length as the upper half of the first row of micropiles 221, and are all poured with fiber concrete.

[0031] Furthermore, the construction area of the pile platform 224 is circular, the center of which is the center of the equilateral triangle formed by the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222, and the inner side of the rubber tire 2211 is in contact with the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222, and the outer side of the rubber tire 2211 is in contact with the third row of micropiles 223.

[0032] Furthermore, the pile platform 224 has a certain depth, with a portion buried underground and a portion located above the ground. The pile platform 224 has a concave cavity, the rubber support 226 is located in the concave cavity, the bottom horizontal rod 227 connecting the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222 is located in the concave cavity, and the bottom of the concave cavity has a drainage hole 225.

[0033] Furthermore, the outer contour and the concave cavity of the pile platform 224 are both circular.

[0034] Furthermore, the horizontal viscous damper 229 and the oblique viscous damper 2210 are both provided with data monitoring interfaces, which are connected to the data acquisition device 2213 via a data connection line 2212. The data obtained by the data acquisition device 2213 can be used to analyze the frequency and scale of disasters.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the anchoring energy dissipation module 3 comprises an anchoring structure 36, a high-strength cable 31, an energy dissipation assembly 34, and connectors. Both ends of the energy dissipation assembly 34 are connected to the high-strength cable 31 via an energy dissipation assembly connector 33. One end of the high-strength cable 31 is connected to an anchoring connector 35. The other end of the high-strength cable 31 is connected to a connecting beam connector 32. The connecting beam connector 32 is connected to the connecting beam 21. The other end of the anchoring connector 35 is connected to an anchoring structure 36 constructed on the channel wall.

[0036] On the other hand, it also provides a construction method for a combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure, including: S1. Drill holes in the channel wall and apply anchoring structure 36; S2. In the first row of micropiles 221 of the rubber bearing 226 above the pile pipe is poured with fiber concrete, and embedded rubber bearing anchor bolts to form a prefabricated member; S3 drilling, insert the first row of micro piles 221 of the rubber bearing 226 below the pile pipe, the second row of micro piles and the third row of micro pile pipe, and in the first row of micro piles 221 of the rubber bearing 226 below the pile pipe top embedded rubber bearing anchor bolts; S4 to the first row of micro piles 221 of the rubber bearing 226 below the pile pipe, the second row of micro piles and the third row of micro piles of underground pipe concrete, followed by the second row of micro piles and the third row of micro piles of above-ground pipe fiber concrete; S5 excavation, set up formwork, pouring the pile with a cavity 224 and preset drainage holes 225 at the bottom of the cavity, until the curing is completed, the mold is removed, backfill the soil around the pile 224 and compacted; S6. Install the rubber bearing 226 and the upper prefabricated member; S7. A horizontal rod 227 with a horizontal viscous damper 229 and an oblique rod 228 with an oblique viscous damper 2210 are installed between the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222. A horizontal rod 227 and an oblique rod 228 are also installed between the second row of micropiles 222; S8. Insert the data cable 2212 into the two viscous dampers and connect the data cable 2212 to the data collector 2213. At the same time, temporarily fix the data collector 2213 to the top of the first row of micropiles 221; S9. Directly above the pile platform 224, sequentially hoist the rubber tire 2211 so that the inner side of the rubber tire 2211 is in contact with the first row of micropiles 221 and the second row of micropiles 222, and the outer side of the rubber tire 2211 is in contact with the third row of micropiles 223. The data acquisition device 2213 is fixed to the topmost rubber tire 2211, away from the side of the first row of micropiles 221; S10. Install horizontal rods 227 between the third row of micropiles 223 and between the second row of micropiles 222 and the third row of micropiles 223, and install the connecting beam 21; S11. Sequentially connect the connecting beam connector 32, high-strength cable 31, energy dissipation component connector 33, energy dissipation component 34, energy dissipation component connector 33, high-strength cable 31 and anchor pull connector 35 to form an assembly kit; S12. Connect the kit to the anchor structure 36 and the connecting beam 21 in sequence to complete the installation.

[0037] Finally, a method for combining lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structures to resist geological disasters is proposed, including: S1. The disaster body first collides with the rubber tire 2211 in the micropile group energy dissipation module 2. The rubber tire 2211 first dissipates energy. The first row of micropiles 221 supports the inner side of the leading edge of the rubber tire. The third row of micropiles 223 supports the outer side of the trailing edge of the rubber tire. The energy of the disaster body is absorbed by the deformation of the rubber tire 2211 itself. S2. After the inner side of the rubber tire 2211 deforms and squeezes the first row of micropiles 221, the micropiles above and below the rubber support 226 shift, compressing and deforming the horizontal viscous damper 229 and the diagonal viscous damper 2210. The synergistic action of the rubber support 226, the horizontal viscous damper 229, and the diagonal viscous damper 2210 further dissipates the energy of the disaster object. S3. When the first row of micropiles 221 undergoes a large displacement, driving the second row of micropiles 222 and the third row of micropiles 223 to bend as a whole and causing the connecting beam 21 to deform, the anchor pull energy dissipation module 3 increases tension, causing the energy dissipation component 34 to undergo tensile deformation, further consuming the energy of the disaster body; S4. When the energy of the disaster body is large, the leading micro-pile group energy consumption module 2 and the anchor pull energy consumption module 3 are not enough to deplete the energy of the disaster body. The disaster body will continue to move downward, and the micro-pile group energy consumption module 2 and the anchor pull energy consumption module 3 behind it will continue to consume energy according to steps S1~S3.

[0038] Among them, for smaller disaster bodies, energy consumption may be achieved by colliding with their sides through the gaps between adjacent micro-pile group energy consumption units 22, while for larger disaster bodies, energy consumption is achieved mainly by frontal resistance through movement between mutually perpendicular micro-pile group energy consumption modules 2.

[0039] S5. After the collision with the affected object is complete, the rubber tire 2211 rebounds, the deformation gradually recovers, the upper portion of the first row of micropiles 221 gradually resets, the rubber support 226 gradually recovers its deformation, the two compressed viscous dampers gradually recover, the stretched energy dissipation component 34 rebounds, the overall deformation of the retaining structure is restored, and its energy dissipation capacity is restored accordingly; S6. When the disaster-affected body collides again, the retaining structure repeats steps S1 to S5 to achieve energy dissipation.

[0040] Example A high-level geological disaster in Linzhi City, Tibet Autonomous Region, developed above a ditch. The upper slope of the ditch 1 is 40-65 degrees, the lower slope is 12-18 degrees, and there is a gently sloping platform with a width of 28-35 meters in the middle. The combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing support structure of the present invention is arranged on this gently sloping platform. Four groups of micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 are staggered. Adjacent micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 are perpendicular to each other and all form a 45-degree angle with the ditch 1. Each group of micro-pile group energy-absorbing modules 2 consists of four linearly arranged micro-pile group energy-absorbing units 22. The center distance between adjacent micro-pile group energy-absorbing units 22 in the longitudinal and transverse directions is 3.5 meters, and the net distance is 1.45 meters. Through the staggered arrangement, the movement path of the disaster body is changed after collision, and its energy is indirectly consumed.

[0041] Each micropile cluster energy dissipation unit 22 consists of five micropiles with a diameter of 500 mm. The buried portion is 3 meters long, and the above-ground portion is 7 meters long. Two types of viscous dampers are installed on the connecting rods between the first and second rows of micropiles 221, 222. Four oblique viscous dampers 2210 and six horizontal viscous dampers 229 are arranged in three layers. The connecting rods are located at the bottom of the rubber tires 2211 in the first layer, between the rubber tires 2211 in the third and fourth layers, and at the top of the rubber tires 2211 in the sixth layer. The above-ground portions of the first, second, and third rows of micropiles 221, 222, and 223 are poured with fiber-reinforced concrete (1% fiber content) to enhance the structure's impact resistance.

[0042] In order to strengthen the integrity of the micro pile group energy dissipation unit 22, a circular pile platform 224 is built. The diameter of the pile platform 224 is 3.5m, the height is 1m, the part above the ground is 0.5m, and the part below the ground is 0.5m. A circular cavity with a diameter of 2.3m and a depth of 0.5m is reserved above the ground to protect the internal rubber bearing 226. At the same time, a hole is opened at the bottom of the pile platform 224. Drain holes 225 are provided to drain water from the concave cavity. To directly dissipate the impact energy of the disaster and ensure coordinated force between the rows of piles, rubber tires 2211 are used with an outer diameter of 3.5m, an inner diameter of 2.3m, and a cross-sectional width of 1m. They are stacked vertically in six layers and positioned over the first and second rows of micropiles 221, 222. A connecting beam 21 is installed at the top of the micropile cluster energy dissipation unit 22 to strengthen the structural integrity of the micropile cluster energy dissipation unit 22.

[0043] Set up 4 groups of anchoring energy absorbing modules 3 perpendicular to the micro pile group energy absorbing modules 2. Both ends of the energy absorbing components 34 are connected to the high-strength cable 31 through the energy absorbing component connector 33. One end of the high-strength cable 31 is connected to the anchor connector 35. The anchor connector 35 is connected to the 7-hole anchoring structure 36 constructed on the channel wall. The other end of the high-strength cable 31 is connected to the connecting beam 21 through the connecting beam connector 32. The high-strength cable 31 is 64mm HDPE sheathed high-strength cable. Energy dissipation component 34 is a 100T-class energy dissipation component.

[0044] Energy dissipation assembly 34 is positioned 5 meters from the center of connecting beam 21 to dissipate the energy that causes overall deformation of the micropile cluster's energy dissipation modules 2. Data cables 2212 connect the ten viscous dampers to a data acquisition device 2213, recording changes in damping force at each location for analysis of the frequency and scale of disasters. To protect data acquisition device 2213 from impact, it is installed within rubber tire 2211 on the sixth floor, away from the first row of micropiles 221.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure, characterized in that: It consists of multi-level staggered micro pile group energy consumption modules and anchor energy consumption modules. The micro pile group energy consumption modules are arranged obliquely from the edge to the middle of the channel. Multiple micro pile group energy consumption modules are distributed on both sides of the central axis of the channel. When the multiple micro pile group energy consumption modules arranged in the channel are projected onto the central axis, two adjacent micro pile group energy consumption modules have overlapping parts. The micro pile group energy consumption modules are connected to the two groups of anchor energy consumption modules through the connecting beams at their tops. The arrangement direction of one group of anchor energy consumption modules is parallel to the direction of the connecting beams of the micro pile group energy consumption modules, and the arrangement direction of the other group of anchor energy consumption modules is perpendicular to the direction of the connecting beams of the micro pile group energy consumption modules.

2. The retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layout direction of the micro pile group energy dissipation module in the trench is 45 degrees to the trench.

3. The retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro pile group energy consumption module consists of several linearly arranged micro pile group energy consumption units and connecting beams installed on their tops. The micro pile group energy consumption units include multiple micro piles arranged in rows, which are connected by connecting rods. A pile platform is built near the ground of the micro pile group energy consumption unit, and multiple horizontally placed rubber tires are stacked continuously on the pile platform, with a height from the pile platform to the connecting beam.

4. The retaining structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multiple micropiles arranged in rows include a first row of micropiles, a second row of micropiles and a third row of micropiles. The first row of micropiles consists of one micropiles, the second row of micropiles consists of two micropiles, which are located behind the first row of micropiles. The second row of micropiles is arranged symmetrically with the first row of micropiles as the axis, so that the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles form an equilateral triangle. The third row of micropiles consists of two micropiles, which are located directly behind the second row of micropiles, so that the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles form a square.

5. The retaining structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first row of micropiles is divided into an upper half and a lower half, the two sections are connected by rubber bearings, and the upper half is poured with fiber concrete, the connecting rods used by the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles are horizontal rods and diagonal rods, horizontal viscous dampers are installed on the horizontal rods, and diagonal viscous dampers are installed on the diagonal rods, horizontal rods and diagonal rods are installed between the second row of micropiles, the connecting rods used by the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles are horizontal rods, horizontal rods are installed between the third row of micropiles, and the second and third rows of micropiles are the same height as the first row of micropiles, the second and third rows of micropiles are also divided into an upper half and a lower half, the upper half of the second row of micropiles and the upper half of the third row of micropiles are the same length as the upper half of the first row of micropiles, and are all poured with fiber concrete.

6. The retaining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pile platform construction area is circular, the center of which is the center of the equilateral triangle formed by the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles, and the inner side of the rubber tire is in contact with the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles, and the outer side of the rubber tire is in contact with the third row of micropiles. The horizontal viscous damper and the oblique viscous damper are both provided with data monitoring interfaces, which are connected to the data acquisition instrument through data connection lines.

7. The retaining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pile platform has a certain depth, with a portion buried underground and a portion located above the ground. The pile platform has a concave cavity, the rubber bearing is located in the concave cavity, and a drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the concave cavity. The outer contour of the pile platform and the concave cavity are both circular.

8. The retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The anchor-pull energy absorption module is composed of an anchoring structure, a high-strength cable, an energy absorption component, a connecting beam connector and an energy absorption component connector. Both ends of the energy absorption component are connected to the high-strength cable through the energy absorption component connector. One end of the high-strength cable is connected to the anchor-pull connector, and the other end of the high-strength cable is connected to the connecting beam connector. The connecting beam connector is connected to the connecting beam, and the other end of the anchor-pull connector is connected to the anchoring structure applied on the channel wall.

9. The construction method of the combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure is characterized by: include: S1. Drill holes in the channel wall and construct anchoring structures; S2. Pour fiber concrete into the pile tube above the rubber bearing of the first row of micropiles, and pre-embed the rubber bearing anchor bolts to form a prefabricated part; S3. Drill holes, insert the first row of micro-piles below the rubber bearing pile pipe, the second row of micro-piles and the third row of micro-piles, and in the first row of micro-piles below the rubber bearing pile pipe top embedded rubber bearing anchor bolts; S4. Pour concrete into the underground pipe of the first row of micropiles below the rubber bearings, the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles, and then pour fiber concrete into the above-ground pipe of the second row of micropiles and the third row of micropiles; S5. Excavate the soil, set up formwork, cast a pile platform with a cavity and pre-set drainage holes at the bottom of the cavity. After curing is completed, remove the formwork, backfill the soil around the pile platform, and compact it. S6. Install the rubber bearing and the upper prefabricated parts; S7. Install horizontal rods with horizontal viscous dampers and diagonal rods with diagonal viscous dampers between the first row of micropiles and the second row of micropiles, and install horizontal rods and diagonal rods between the second row of micropiles; S8. Insert data cables into the two viscous dampers and connect the cables to a data acquisition device. Temporarily secure the data acquisition device to the top of the first row of micropiles. S9. Hoist rubber tires directly above the pile platform, so that the inner side of the rubber tires are aligned with the first and second rows of micropiles, and the outer side of the rubber tires are aligned with the third row of micropiles. Secure the data acquisition device inside the topmost rubber tire, away from the first row of micropiles. S10. Install horizontal rods between the third row of micropiles and between the second and third rows of micropiles, and install tie beams; S11. Sequentially connect the connecting beam connector, high-strength cable, energy dissipation component connector, energy dissipation component, energy dissipation component connector, high-strength cable and anchor connector to form a kit; S12. Connect the kit to the anchor structure and the connecting beam in sequence to complete the installation.

10. A method for resisting geological disasters using a combined lightweight, high-strength and tough energy-absorbing retaining structure, characterized in that: include: S1. The disaster object first collides with the rubber tires of the micropile cluster's energy dissipation modules. The rubber tires begin to dissipate energy first. The first row of micropiles supports the inner side of the rubber tire's leading edge, while the third row of micropiles supports the outer side of the rubber tire's trailing edge. The rubber tires deform to absorb the energy of the disaster object. S2. The inner side of the rubber tire deforms, squeezing the first row of micropiles. The micropiles above and below the rubber bearing shift, compressing and deforming the horizontal and diagonal viscous dampers. The synergistic action of the rubber bearing, horizontal and diagonal viscous dampers further dissipates the energy of the disaster body. S3. When the first row of micropiles experiences significant displacement, causing the second and third rows of micropiles to bend overall and the connecting beam to deform, the tension in the anchor-pull energy dissipation module increases, causing the energy dissipation components therein to stretch and deform, further dissipating the energy of the disaster area. S4. When the energy of the disaster body is large, the energy consumption module and anchor pull module of the micro pile group is not enough to deplete the energy of the disaster body, the disaster body will continue to move downward, and the energy consumption module and anchor pull module of the micro pile group continue to consume energy according to steps S1~S3; S5. After the impact with the affected object is complete, the rubber tire rebounds, its deformation gradually recovers, the upper portion of the first row of micropiles gradually returns to its original position, the rubber bearing deformation gradually recovers, the two compressed viscous dampers gradually recover, the stretched energy dissipation components rebound, the overall deformation of the retaining structure recovers, and its energy dissipation capacity is restored accordingly. S6. When the disaster-affected body collides again, the retaining structure repeats steps S1 to S5 to achieve energy dissipation.

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