Mining method using mining vehicle with rear collecting head

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining method using a mining vehicle with a rear collecting head. The mining method comprises the following steps that the volume of a mixture to be absorbed by a mud pump within time t is set; setting the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the dredge pump; determining the volume of undisturbed soil absorbed by the dredge pump within the time t according to the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the dredge pump within the time t and the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the dredge pump; according to the digging depth of the collecting head, the width of the collecting head, the advancing speed of the collecting head and the time t, the volume of the volume undisturbed soil collected by the collecting head is collected; introducing a water body through a primer pump to dilute the undisturbed soil collected by the collection head to the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; according to a mass conservation method, the volume of the undisturbed soil absorbed by the dredge pump and the volume of the undisturbed soil collected by the collecting head within the time t, the relation between the collecting depth of the collecting head and the advancing speed of the collecting head is determined. The defect that the mining vehicle is poor in performance matching performance is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea mining, and in particular to a mining method using a mining vehicle with a rear-mounted collecting head. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea mining vehicles play an indispensable role in deep-sea mineral collection and are a crucial part of the mining process. Performance matching is crucial in deep-sea mining vehicle development. However, existing deep-sea mining vehicles suffer from poor matching performance, resulting in low collection efficiency and prone to mechanical failure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of poor performance matching of mining vehicles in the prior art and to provide a mining method using a mining vehicle with a rear-mounted collection head.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle comprises the following steps:

[0006] Set the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t;

[0007] Set the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump;

[0008] Determining the volume of undisturbed soil absorbed by the dredge pump within the time t according to the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the dredge pump within the time t and the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the dredge pump;

[0009] Determining the volume of undisturbed soil collected by the collecting head within the time t according to the excavation depth, width and travel speed of the collecting head;

[0010] Introducing water into the water body through the water diversion pump to dilute the original soil collected by the collection head to the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump;

[0011] The relationship between the depth collected by the collection head and the travel speed of the collection head is determined based on the mass conservation method, the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t, and the volume of the original soil collected by the collection head within the time t.

[0012] Preferably, the calculation expression for the volume of undisturbed soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t is:

[0013] Vy=ρV b ,

[0014] Where Vy is the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t, ρ is the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, and V b The volume of the mixture that the mud pump needs to absorb within the time t.

[0015] Preferably, the calculation expression for the volume of the undisturbed soil collected by the collection head is:

[0016] V S =H·w in ·v·t,

[0017] Where V S is the volume of the original soil collected by the collection head, H is the excavation depth of the collection head, w in is the width of the collection head, v is the travel speed of the collection head, and t is the travel time of the collection head.

[0018] Preferably, the water introduced by the water diversion pump is seawater or a mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater.

[0019] Preferably, when the water body introduced by the water diversion pump is a mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater, the relationship between the excavation depth of the collection head and the travel speed of the collection head is expressed by the expression:

[0020]

[0021] Where c is the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, V b is the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t, H is the excavation depth of the collection head, w in is the width of the acquisition head, v is the travel speed of the acquisition head, t is the travel time of the acquisition head, V t is the volume of water introduced by the water pump, and k is the volume concentration of the mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater.

[0022] Preferably, the expression of the volume concentration k is:

[0023]

[0024] Preferably, the mining method further comprises using a first measuring device to measure the flow rate of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump per unit time.

[0025] Preferably, the mining method further comprises using a second measuring device to measure the flow rate of water introduced by the water diversion pump per unit time.

[0026] Preferably, the first measuring device and the second measuring device are flow meters.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention sets the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t; sets the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; determines the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t according to the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t and the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; determines the volume of the original soil collected by the collecting head according to the excavation depth of the collecting head, the width of the collecting head, the travel speed of the collecting head and time t; introduces water through a water diversion pump to dilute the original soil collected by the collecting head to the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; determines the relationship between the collection depth of the collecting head and the travel speed of the collecting head according to the mass conservation method, the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t and the volume of the original soil collected by the collecting head within time t, thereby matching the collection depth of the collecting head and the travel speed of the collecting head, thereby improving the matching performance of the mining equipment, making the volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump reach the optimal value, improving the mining efficiency and reducing the mechanical failure rate of the mining equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the flow rate or volume or volume of the mud pump, the collection head, the water diversion pump and the crawler;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the volume concentration of the mixture around the track and the traveling speed of the track;

[0032] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the collection depth of the collection head and the travel speed of the crawler under different collection head widths;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the mud pump, flow meter, collection head, water diversion pump, and crawler tracks;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the location of mud pumps and water pumps in mining vehicles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments, and all technologies implemented based on the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a mining method using a mining vehicle with a rear-mounted collection head, wherein the mining equipment includes a mud pump, a water diversion pump, and a collection head, and includes the following steps:

[0037] Set the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t;

[0038] Set the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump;

[0039] The volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t is determined according to the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within the time t and the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump;

[0040] The volume of the original soil collected by the collecting head within the time t is determined according to the excavation depth, width and travel speed of the collecting head;

[0041] The water body is introduced by the water diversion pump to dilute the original soil collected by the collection head to the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump;

[0042] According to the mass conservation method, the volume of undisturbed soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t and the volume of undisturbed soil collected by the collecting head within time t, the relationship between the depth collected by the collecting head and the traveling speed of the collecting head is determined.

[0043] In this embodiment, the mining process involves collecting rare earth minerals from the mining area to the mining vehicle. The minerals must pass through a collection head, a collection pipeline, and a mud pump, ultimately reaching the mining vehicle's chamber. The collected rare earth minerals are raked out by the collection head and drawn into the head chamber along with the surrounding water. They are then pumped into the mining vehicle's chamber via a connecting pipeline. To ensure efficient operation and a high collection rate of the mud pump, the volume concentration of the mixture drawn in by the mud pump must be maintained at an optimal value. However, this concentration cannot be achieved directly after collection, so adjustments are required to maintain the optimal concentration of the mixture drawn in by the mud pump. Since the volume concentration after collection is often too high, the water drawn in by the collection head is insufficient to dilute the collected undisturbed soil to the optimal concentration. Therefore, introducing water through a diversion pump can maintain the optimal concentration of the mixture drawn in by the mud pump.

[0044] This embodiment sets the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t, sets the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, and determines the volume of the undisturbed soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t based on the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t and the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; determines the volume of the undisturbed soil collected by the collection head based on the excavation depth of the collection head, the width of the collection head, the travel speed of the collection head, and time t; introduces water through a water diversion pump to dilute the undisturbed soil collected by the collection head to the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; and determines the relationship between the collection depth and the travel speed of the collection head based on the law of conservation of mass, the volume of the undisturbed soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t, and the volume of the undisturbed soil collected by the collection head within time t. This ensures that the collection depth and the travel speed of the collection head match each other, thereby improving the matching performance of the mining equipment, optimizing the volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, improving mining efficiency, and reducing the mechanical failure rate of the mining equipment.

[0045] In some embodiments, the volume of undisturbed soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t is calculated as follows:

[0046] Vy=ρV b ,

[0047] Where Vy is the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within time t, ρ is the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, and V b It is the volume of the mixture that the mud pump needs to absorb within the time t.

[0048] In some embodiments, the volume of the undisturbed soil collected by the collection head is calculated as follows:

[0049] V S =H·w in ·v·t,

[0050] Where V S is the volume of the original soil collected by the collecting head, H is the excavation depth of the collecting head, w in is the width of the acquisition head, v is the speed of the acquisition head, and t is the travel time of the acquisition head.

[0051] In some embodiments, the water body introduced by the water pump is seawater or a mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater. In fact, the seawater here is seawater in which undisturbed soil is not dissolved. Of course, it can also be fresh water, but in actual projects it is generally seawater. The undisturbed soil here is the disturbance caused by the undisturbed soil of the mineral during the movement of the crawler. The disturbed undisturbed soil will dissolve in the seawater to form a plume floating on the sea surface.

[0052] In some embodiments, when the water introduced by the water pump is a mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater, the relationship between the excavation depth of the collection head and the travel speed of the collection head is expressed by the expression:

[0053]

[0054] Where c is the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, V b is the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump in time t, H is the excavation depth of the collection head, w in is the width of the acquisition head, v is the speed of the acquisition head, t is the travel time of the acquisition head, V t is the volume of water introduced by the water diversion pump, k is the volume concentration of the mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater, that is, the plume volume concentration, which is actually the volume concentration of the undisturbed soil plume around the tracks of the mining vehicle. The undisturbed soil plume around the tracks of the mining vehicle introduced by the water diversion pump keeps the volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump at the optimal value, which is beneficial to reduce the diffusion of the undisturbed soil plume and reduce the impact of the undisturbed soil plume on the environment. The reason for the generation of the undisturbed soil plume is that the tracks of the mining vehicle will disturb the surrounding undisturbed soil during its movement. The plume disturbance is related to many factors such as the body characteristics of the mining vehicle, the track characteristics and the travel speed. Let the disturbance be V R , which is expressed as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Where v is the speed of the mining vehicle, that is, the speed of the mining head, b is the track width, h is the height of the grouser, l is the distance between the grousers, w is the total weight of the mining vehicle, and q is other relevant parameters. The disturbed undisturbed soil will melt into the seawater and form a plume. Under the premise that the mining vehicle's speed v remains unchanged, the soft bottom remains unchanged, and the mining vehicle's characteristics remain unchanged, the disturbance amount V of the undisturbed soil is R Usually it does not change, and the volume concentration k dissolved in seawater also does not change. The expression of volume concentration k obtained by fitting the empirical value is:

[0057]

[0058] Combined with the disturbance amount V of the original soil R Expression Then according to the expression of the relationship between the excavation depth of the collection head and the travel speed of the collection head:

[0059]

[0060] Combined with V R=k*Vt. When the volume of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump is constant, the optimal structural parameters of several tracks, namely the width b of the track and the height h of the track teeth, can be determined according to the physical parameters of the different mining bottoms and the weight of the vehicle body. The disturbance caused by the tracks with several optimal structural parameters can be simulated by numerical simulation, so that the appropriate structural parameters of the track can be selected according to the optimal volume concentration of the mud pump. Because the disturbance of the original soil is too large, when the water diversion pump sucks the mixture formed by the disturbed original soil dissolved in seawater into the collection head, it is not enough to dilute the original soil collected by the collection head to the optimal volume concentration ρ of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump. Therefore, the corresponding track parameters are not suitable and are discarded. In addition, the excavation depth H of the collection head and the travel speed v of the track, that is, the travel speed v of the mining vehicle, can be adjusted in real time according to the optimal concentration ρ of the mud pump. Through the dynamic matching of the two, different mining areas can be dynamically collected, and the volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump can always be maintained at the optimal value. The relationship between the volume or volume or flow of the mud pump, collection head, water diversion pump and track is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it can be expressed by the expression:

[0061] V b =Vs+Vw+Vt=Vs+Vw+V R +Vv,

[0062] Where Vv is the volume of water diverted by the crawler in time t, and Vw is the volume of water entering the collection head in a single time.

[0063] In some embodiments, the mining method also includes using a first measuring device to measure the flow rate of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump per unit time. When measuring the flow rate of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump per unit time, the volume of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump per unit time can be calculated based on the travel time t of the collection head, and is used to monitor whether the volume of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump per time t is consistent with the setting; using a second measuring device to measure the flow rate of the water body introduced by the water diversion pump per unit time. When measuring the flow rate of the mixture absorbed by the water diversion pump per unit time, the volume of seawater absorbed by the water diversion pump per unit time or the volume of the mixture of seawater and undisturbed soil can be calculated based on the travel time t of the collection head. The first measuring device and the second measuring device are flow meters, both of which are devices in the mining vehicle.

[0064] In some embodiments, a rare earth mining vehicle with an output value of 10t / h requires a slurry pump to be able to suck out 10t of rare earth per hour. According to rare earth mineral data, the density of rare earth is usually 1260kg / m 3 , that is, the mud pump is required to produce 7.9m per hour 3According to the physical properties and working conditions of rare earth minerals, the optimal concentration of the mud pump is about 20%, which means the total flow rate of the mud pump is 39.5m per hour. 3 (including 7.9m rare earth minerals 3 , water body 31.6m 3 ).

[0065] The mining vehicle's structure, track design, and travel speed typically affect the amount of disturbance to the surrounding undisturbed soil. Therefore, different designs produce different amounts of disturbance, which are usually constant when the travel speed and other parameters remain constant. Therefore, the concentration of the plume formed by floating on the seawater is also relatively fixed. In actual engineering, this can be measured using a concentration meter. Therefore, in this embodiment, the plume concentration k is fitted using empirical values, as shown in the empirical value diagram. Figure 3 As shown, the fitting formula is:

[0066]

[0067] Since the amount of water introduced by the water diversion pump accounts for a small proportion, the volume Vt of the water body introduced by the water diversion pump can be measured by a flow meter during process control in actual engineering. The design is based on the limit state, that is, the water diversion pump introduces 40% of the volume of the mixed liquid from the diversion window of the mining vehicle. In this embodiment, after conversion, the volume Vt of the water body introduced by the water diversion pump in one hour is 15.8m 3 .

[0068] According to the equation The width w of different acquisition heads can be drawn in The graph of the excavation depth H of the lower mining head and the traveling speed v of the mining vehicle is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, they are w in The Hv curves for three widths of 0.5m, 1m and 1.5m are shown. When designing, the appropriate width w of the collection head can be selected by matching it with the size of the mining vehicle. in .

[0069] In all the above embodiments, the relationship between the mud pump, flow meter, collection head, water pump and crawler is as follows: Figure 5As shown, the crawler drives the mining vehicle forward, disturbing the original soil wherever it passes and generating plumes. The water pump absorbs the generated plume in the collection head, mixes with the original soil collected by the collection head, and is absorbed by the mud pump. A flow meter is provided between the crawler and the water pump to measure the volume of the plume introduced by the water pump, and a flow meter is provided between the collection head and the mud pump to measure the volume of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, which is used as a monitoring value to check whether it is equal to the set value of the mud pump volume. Since the shear strength of rare earth minerals in deeper layers is large and difficult to mine, they need to be combined with high-pressure water flushing to complete the collection. Therefore, the mixture absorbed by the mud pump includes original soil, seawater collected by the collection head and high-pressure water. The actual high-pressure water can also be seawater. Seawater is extracted from the sea to increase its pressure and act on the original soil for mining. Figure 5 The mud in the mining vehicle is the mixture absorbed by the mud pump. The rear collection head means that the collection head is behind the crawler. The positions of the mud pump and the water pump in the mining vehicle are as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0070] The above are only selected as preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Set the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t; Set the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; Determining the volume of undisturbed soil absorbed by the dredge pump within the time t according to the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the dredge pump within the time t and the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the dredge pump; Determining the volume of undisturbed soil collected by the collecting head within the time t according to the excavation depth of the collecting head, the width of the collecting head, the travel speed of the collecting head, and the time t; Introducing water into the water body through the water diversion pump to dilute the original soil collected by the collection head to the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump; The relationship between the depth collected by the collection head and the travel speed of the collection head is determined based on the mass conservation method, the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t, and the volume of the original soil collected by the collection head within the time t.

2. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t is: Vy=cV b , Where Vy is the volume of the original soil absorbed by the mud pump within the time t, c is the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, and V b The volume of the mixture that the mud pump needs to absorb within the time t.

3. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raw material collected by the collection head The volume of undisturbed soil is calculated as follows: V S =H·w in ·v·t, Where V S is the volume of the original soil collected by the collection head, H is the excavation depth of the collection head, w in is the width of the collection head, v is the travel speed of the collection head, and t is the travel time of the collection head.

4. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water body introduced by the water diversion pump is seawater or a mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater.

5. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the water introduced by the water diversion pump is a mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater, the relationship between the excavation depth of the collection head and the travel speed of the collection head is expressed by the expression: Where c is the optimal volume concentration of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump, V b is the volume of the mixture to be absorbed by the mud pump within time t, H is the excavation depth of the collection head, w in is the width of the acquisition head, v is the travel speed of the acquisition head, t is the travel time of the acquisition head, V t is the volume of water introduced by the water pump, and k is the volume concentration of the mixture of undisturbed soil and seawater.

6. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expression of the volume concentration k is:

7. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes measuring the flow rate of the mixture absorbed by the mud pump per unit time using a first measuring device.

8. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further includes using a second measuring device to measure the flow rate of water introduced by the water pump per unit time.

9. The mining method using a rear-mounted mining head mining vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first measuring device and the second measuring device are flow meters.

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