Wind turbine generator system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a wind turbine generator system and a using method thereof.The wind turbine generator system comprises a telescopic wind turbine blade system and a lifting tower drum system, and the telescopic wind turbine blade system and the lifting tower drum system are dynamically adjusted through a linkage control system; the telescopic wind power blade system comprises a main blade structure and an extension blade part. The liftable tower drum system comprises a tower drum total structure, a lifting mechanism and a control unit; the control unit is electrically connected with the electric driving mechanism and the lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the tower tube total structure and used for driving the inner section of the tower tube total structure to stretch out and draw back along the outer section. Through linkage of the telescopic wind power blade system and the lifting tower drum system, the length of the blade and the height of the tower drum can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time wind speed. At low wind speed, the wind sweeping area is enlarged, the hub height is increased to capture more wind energy, and at high wind speed, the wind load is reduced, the stress concentration is reduced, and the safety is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, and in particular to a wind turbine system and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Traditional wind turbines primarily consist of fixed towers and blades of fixed length, making their operating efficiency highly dependent on local wind conditions. However, in practical applications, wind speeds, whether at onshore or offshore wind farms, often exhibit significant temporal and spatial variations. This is particularly true in areas with unevenly distributed wind resources or fluctuating wind conditions. Traditional wind turbines suffer from the following major issues: Low power generation efficiency at low wind speeds: When wind speeds drop below the rated speed, conventional blade lengths cannot provide sufficient swept area, resulting in reduced wind energy capture efficiency and a significant drop in turbine output power. High wind speeds or extreme weather conditions pose safety risks: Strong winds or typhoons can easily cause blade overload or increased tower vibration, threatening the structural safety of wind turbines. Traditional wind turbine systems can only avoid extreme weather conditions through passive shutdown, which is inflexible. Fixed tower heights hinder the full utilization of high-altitude wind energy resources: In the atmospheric boundary layer, wind speeds increase with altitude, and wind energy density and stability are greater within a certain altitude range. Fixed-height towers operate in low-wind zones, limiting wind turbines' ability to utilize high-quality high-altitude wind energy. Unable to adapt to changing climate and environmental requirements: For example, in the early morning, evening or seasonal transitions, wind speeds change rapidly, and fixed-structure blades and towers are difficult to flexibly adjust, limiting the unit's ability to respond to wind resources and its economy.

[0003] To address the above issues, some studies have attempted to improve the environmental adaptability of wind turbines through adjustable pitch, active yaw control or flexible blade materials. However, there are still technical gaps in dynamic structural adjustment, especially the linkage optimization adjustment system for blade swept radius and tower height has not yet formed a mature engineering solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine system and a method for using the same, which can dynamically adjust the blade length and tower height according to wind conditions to improve wind energy capture efficiency and unit operation safety.

[0005] According to one object of the present invention, the present invention provides a wind turbine system, including a retractable wind turbine blade system and a liftable tower system, wherein the retractable wind turbine blade system and the liftable tower system are dynamically adjusted through a linkage control system; the retractable wind turbine blade system includes a main blade structure, an extended blade portion, an electric drive mechanism, a blade tip opening structure and a buffer sealing belt; a linear guide rail arranged along the length direction of the blade is provided inside the main blade structure, the extended blade portion is nested inside the main blade structure, and the extended blade portion and the main blade structure form a nested telescopic structure, and a slider is provided at the bottom of the extended blade portion The component is installed on the linear guide rail of the main blade structure; the electric drive mechanism is fixed inside the main blade structure, and is used to drive the extension blade part to retract; the blade tip opening structure is located at the front end of the main blade structure; the buffer sealing belt is fixed to the inner edge of the front opening of the main blade structure; the liftable tower system includes a tower structure, a lifting mechanism and a control unit, and the control unit is electrically connected to the electric drive mechanism and the lifting mechanism; the tower structure is a multi-section sleeve coaxial nested structure, and the lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the tower structure, and is used to drive the inner section of the tower structure to retract along the outer section.

[0006] Furthermore, the main blade structure adopts a hollow single-shell structure with an outer shape of a wind turbine airfoil. The internal interlayer adopts PVC foam core material, and the surface of the main blade structure is provided with an anti-corrosion UV coating; the linear guide rail is fixed to the inner wall of the main blade structure, and a power compartment section is provided at the tail end of the main blade structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the extended blade portion is a slender streamlined airfoil structure, the extended blade portion is embedded in the main blade structure cavity, the front end of the extended blade portion is a streamlined sharp angle, the slider assembly is provided on both sides of the bottom of the extended blade portion, the slider assembly is matched with the linear guide rail, and the extended blade portion has a built-in magnetic induction identifier.

[0008] Furthermore, the electric drive mechanism includes a ball screw electric propulsion system or an electromagnetic propulsion guide rail system, the electric drive mechanism is controlled to start and stop by the main control system, the electric drive mechanism adopts a low-speed, high-torque DC servo motor, and the electric drive mechanism is equipped with a position feedback encoder.

[0009] Furthermore, the blade tip opening structure is a petal-like multi-petal structure, and the blade tip opening structure is made of flexible composite materials and is driven to open and close by a micro motor and gear transmission or shape memory alloy sheets.

[0010] Furthermore, the buffer sealing belt is made of a highly elastic polyurethane or silicone rubber composite ring, and the buffer sealing belt is located at the connection between the main blade structure and the extended blade part.

[0011] Furthermore, the overall tower structure is made of high-strength low-alloy steel Q355 series or high-strength composite materials, and the overall tower structure is a three-section or four-section sleeve coaxial nested structure; the lifting mechanism includes an electric hydraulic lifting system or a synchronous electric screw lifting system arranged at the bottom of the overall tower structure, and each level of the tower structure is provided with a self-locking mechanism, and the self-locking mechanism is a gear-engaging buckle, a wedge pin or a hydraulic locking pin.

[0012] Furthermore, the linkage control system includes a main control unit, a sensor array and a control algorithm. The sensor array includes a wind speed sensor, a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor. The control algorithm is based on a three-dimensional curve model of wind speed-blade length-tower height to achieve linkage adjustment of blade extension and extension and tower lifting and lowering.

[0013] According to another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned wind turbine system, comprising the following steps: In the initial state, the blades are in a retracted state, the extended blades are completely retracted into the main blade structure, and the tower is at a normal height; When the wind speed decreases, the petal structure at the tip of the blade opens and extends the blade. If the wind speed decreases further, the tower is raised. When the wind speed increases or extreme weather occurs, the blade part is retracted and extended. If the overall height needs to be reduced, the tower is retracted and switched to high-intensity, low-resistance operation mode.

[0014] Furthermore, when the wind speed is lower than 5m / s, the linkage control system instructs the blade tip opening structure to open, extending the blade portion, and at the same time instructs the tower to rise; When the wind speed exceeds 15m / s, the linkage control system instructs the extended blades to retract and at the same time instructs the tower to lower its height; When the wind speed exceeds 25m / s, the linkage control system instructs the blade extension to retract completely and close the blade tip opening structure, the tower is shortened to the minimum height, and the wind turbine enters the protective shutdown state.

[0015] This technical solution, through the linkage of a retractable wind turbine blade system and a liftable tower system, dynamically adjusts blade length and tower height based on real-time wind speed. This expands the swept area and increases hub height at low wind speeds to capture more wind energy. At high wind speeds, it reduces wind loads, lowers stress concentration, and enhances safety. It also optimizes high-altitude wind resource utilization, reduces maintenance costs, and improves system economics and adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a retractable wind turbine blade system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the main blade tip according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tower structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a logic block diagram of the blade and tower linkage control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Retractable wind turbine blade system; 101. Main blade structure; 102. Extended blade part; 103. Electric drive mechanism; 104. Blade tip opening structure; 105. Buffer sealing belt; 106. Linear guide rail; 2. Liftable tower system; 201. Overall tower structure; 202. Lifting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a wind turbine system uses intelligent control to dynamically adjust the blade length and tower height of the wind turbine under different wind conditions, thereby enhancing power generation efficiency and structural safety. The specific technical solution is as follows: A wind turbine system includes a retractable wind turbine blade system 1 and a liftable tower system 2, wherein: The retractable wind turbine blade system 1 includes a main blade structure 101, an extended blade portion 102, an electric drive mechanism 103, a blade tip opening structure 104 and a buffer sealing strip 105, wherein: The main blade structure 101 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) or carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), filled with lightweight foam core material, with anti-corrosion UV coating on the surface, and equipped with linear guide rails arranged along the length of the blade; The extended blade portion 102 is nested with the main blade structure 101, forming a nested telescopic layout, with a streamlined sharp angle at the front end. The material is the same as the main blade, and a slider assembly is provided at the bottom, which is installed on the linear guide rail of the main blade structure. The electric drive mechanism 103 has a built-in ball screw electric propulsion system or electromagnetic propulsion guide rail system, which is controlled by the main control system to start and stop. It uses a low-speed, high-torque DC servo motor with a position feedback encoder. The blade tip opening structure 104 is a "petal-like" multi-petal structure, usually 3 or 4 petals, made of flexible composite materials, and driven to open and close by a micro motor and gear transmission or shape memory alloy sheet; The buffer sealing strip 405 is made of a highly elastic polyurethane (TPU) or silicone rubber composite ring, fixed to the inner edge of the front opening of the main blade structure, wrapping the connection between the extended blade part and the main blade structure to achieve sealing, shock absorption and anti-wear functions.

[0023] The liftable tower system 2 includes a tower structure 201, a lifting mechanism 202, and a control unit, wherein: The tower structure 201 is made of high-strength low-alloy steel Q355 series or high-strength composite materials (suitable for offshore environments). It is a multi-segment sleeve structure, generally three or four segments are coaxially nested, and the inner segment can be extended along the outer segment. The lifting mechanism 202 includes a high-power electric hydraulic lifting system or a synchronous electric screw lifting system arranged at the bottom of the tower. Each level of the tower is equipped with a self-locking mechanism, such as a gear-engaging buckle, a wedge pin or a hydraulic locking pin; The control unit and blade extension and retraction system are uniformly controlled by the central control unit of the wind turbine, and the action is adjusted through feedback signals from real-time wind speed sensors, barometers, vibration sensors, etc.

[0024] When the present invention is working, it has an initial state, a state when the wind speed decreases, and a state when the wind speed increases or extreme weather occurs: Initial state: The blades are in the retracted state, the extended blades are completely retracted into the main blades, the tower is at a normal height, and the wind turbine operates within the normal power output range.

[0025] When the wind speed decreases: the wind speed sensor detects a drop in wind speed, the control system instructs the "petal structure" at the tip of the blade to open, and the electric screw pushes the extended blade to extend smoothly. The length is adjusted in real time by the control system according to the wind speed, and the buffer ring automatically fits the root of the extended blade to seal the interface; if the wind speed drops further, the control system instructs the lifting mechanism to start, and the tower section rises to the specified height, increasing the overall impeller height to capture high-altitude wind energy, and each level of the tower is locked by a locking mechanism.

[0026] When wind speed increases or extreme weather occurs: the control system monitors the sudden increase or abnormality in wind speed and first instructs the extended blade to retract, the electric drive to reverse, the buffer ring to automatically rebound, and the tip structure to close; if the overall height needs to be reduced, the tower sections are instructing to retract in turn, and the system switches to high-intensity, low-resistance operation mode to ensure the safety of the entire machine.

[0027] The present invention improves the efficiency of wind energy capture. The retractable blades dynamically adjust the blade length according to the real-time wind speed, increase the wind sweeping area, and effectively expand the blade area of the fan at low wind speeds. After the blades are extended, the wind sweeping area increases and the power generation capacity is improved.

[0028] The present invention enhances safety and reliability under high wind speed conditions. The blades are retracted to a shorter length, reducing the wind-exposed area and wind load, and reducing stress concentration in the blades and unit structure. Through structural mechanics simulation, the maximum stress value is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the blades and the unit.

[0029] The present invention achieves flexible adjustment of the hub height and optimizes the utilization of high-altitude wind resources. The tower height can be automatically adjusted according to wind conditions. Combined with the synchronous change of blade length, field wind speed measurement data shows that when the height is increased by 10 meters, the average wind speed can be increased by about 0.5-0.8m / s, further increasing power generation.

[0030] The present invention reduces operating and maintenance costs. The dynamic adjustment function enables the fan to optimize its operating status according to environmental conditions, reducing the probability of failure due to uneven structural force and vibration. Long-term operation monitoring shows that the maintenance frequency decreases and maintenance costs are reduced accordingly.

[0031] The present invention improves the overall economy and adaptability of the system. The system is applicable to a variety of geographical environments and complex climatic conditions, especially to areas with large wind speed fluctuations and high altitudes, significantly expanding the scope of application and market competitiveness of wind turbines.

[0032] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that this embodiment provides a wind turbine system, including a retractable wind turbine blade system and a liftable tower system, wherein: The retractable wind turbine blade system 1 includes a main blade structure 101, an extended blade portion 102, a propulsion mechanism (electric drive mechanism 103), a blade tip opening structure 104 and a buffer sealing strip 102, wherein: The main blade structure comprises a hollow monocoque structure with a typical wind turbine airfoil profile. Made of GFRP, for example, the internal interlayer utilizes a PVC foam core to ensure strength and reduce weight. Two linear guide rails 106 made of lightweight, high-strength aluminum alloy are symmetrically arranged along the main blade's axial direction and fixed to the blade's inner wall. The power compartment is located at the aft end of the main blade, housing the electric screw propulsion unit and the power / control module.

[0033] The extended blade section 102 comprises an extended blade segment. This segment features a slender, streamlined airfoil-shaped structure that fits snugly within the main blade cavity. Its tip is slightly pointed to minimize aerodynamic interference. It employs a single-section telescopic structure, 20% the length of the main blade. Two sliders are located at the base, precisely aligning with the linear guideways on the main blade's inner wall. The sliders are constructed from a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-coated aluminum alloy core and contain a built-in magnetic sensor for displacement feedback.

[0034] The propulsion mechanism utilizes an electric ball screw drive structure. The screw is arranged along the main blade axis and is fixed to the support column on the inner wall of the main blade. The matching nut assembly is fixed to the bottom structure of the extended blade segment. The motor is a DC servo motor with an encoder and reduction gearbox. The motor drives the screw to rotate, driving the extended segment to move linearly. The drive process starts and stops slowly to prevent motion shock.

[0035] The tip opening mechanism consists of three foldable petals at the tip of the main blade, shaped like petals that open outward. Made of a flexible composite material, the mechanism opens and closes via a micro-stepping motor driving a gear train. Each petal can rotate 40°, controlled by a linkage mechanism within the cabin.

[0036] A buffer seal 105 is located in a flexible annular groove on the inner edge of the tip. It contains a pre-embedded elastic sealing ring made of silicone rubber and a hollow foam structure. When the extended blade segment is fully extended, the sealing ring automatically wraps around the root transition section, ensuring a waterproof and dustproof seal, shock absorption, and minimizing aerodynamic interference at the connection.

[0037] The liftable tower system 2 includes a tower structure 201, a lifting mechanism 202, and a control unit. The tower structure utilizes a three-section telescopic structure made of high-strength low-alloy Q355 steel, with the inner section extending and retracting along the outer section. The cross-sectional dimensions of each tower section are determined based on mechanical calculations to ensure overall rigidity and stability.

[0038] Lifting mechanism 202 comprises an electro-hydraulic lifting system at the base of the tower. This system raises and lowers the inner tower section by extending and retracting hydraulic cylinders. Each tower stage features a gear-engaging, snap-on self-locking mechanism. Once the tower reaches its target height, the gears engage, locking the structure to ensure tower rigidity and overall stability.

[0039] The control unit includes a central control unit (CCU), which utilizes a PLC controller. This CCU collects signals from wind speed sensors, displacement sensors, and vibration sensors in real time to achieve unified control of tower raising and lowering and blade extension and retraction. The control logic is based on a preset three-dimensional curve model of wind speed, blade length, and tower height, enabling dynamic adjustment.

[0040] The linkage control implementation of this embodiment is as follows: When the wind speed sensor detects a wind speed of 4m / s, the control system determines the need to increase the swept area and raise the hub height. First, the "petal structure" at the blade tip opens, and the motorized lead screw extends the blades by 20%. Simultaneously, the tower lifting mechanism is activated, raising the tower to increase the swept area and hub height. High-speed communication between modules is achieved via the CAN bus, ensuring synchronized operation. At this point, the tower height ranges from 70% to 100% of the total height. For example, if the total tower height is 120 meters, the height at this stage is between 84 and 120 meters, allowing the tower to capture more energy from lower wind speeds.

[0041] When the wind speed exceeds 15m / s, the control system instructs the extended blade to retract and at the same time instructs the tower to lower its height to reduce wind load. The tower height range is adjusted to 40%-70% of the total height, that is, between 48 meters and 84 meters, thereby reducing the impact of strong winds while ensuring power generation efficiency. If the wind speed continues to rise to above 25m / s, the system enters "typhoon protection mode", all blades retract and close their tips, the tower shortens to the minimum height, which is 10%-40% of the total height, between 12 meters and 48 meters, and the wind turbine enters a protective shutdown state to minimize damage to equipment caused by extreme wind speeds.

[0042] Example 3 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the above embodiment, except that this embodiment provides a wind turbine system, including a retractable wind turbine blade system 1, a liftable tower system 2 and a linkage control system, wherein: the retractable wind turbine blade system and the liftable tower system are connected through the main shaft of the unit and are uniformly dispatched by the linkage control system.

[0043] Specifically, the retractable wind turbine blade system 1 includes a main blade structure 101, an extended blade portion 102, an electric drive mechanism 103, a blade tip opening structure 104 and a buffer sealing strip 105, wherein: The main blade structure is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced plastic, filled with lightweight foam core material, and equipped with linear guides arranged along the length of the blade.

[0044] The extended blade portion 102 is nested with the main blade structure 101, forming a nested telescopic layout. The front end is streamlined and pointed, and the bottom is provided with a slider, which is mounted on the linear guide rail 106 of the main blade structure. In this embodiment, the extended blade portion is a multi-stage telescopic structure, which can be configured with 2-3 nested structures to achieve multi-stage telescoping.

[0045] The electric drive mechanism includes a ball screw electric propulsion system or an electromagnetic propulsion guide system, driven by a low-speed, high-torque DC servo motor with a position feedback encoder.

[0046] The blade tip opening mechanism is a multi-petal "petal-like" structure made of a flexible composite material. It is driven by a micromotor and gear transmission or shape memory alloy sheets. In this embodiment, the blade tip opening mechanism has 3-4 petals, with an opening angle of 30-45 degrees.

[0047] The buffer sealing belt 105 is made of a highly elastic polyurethane or silicone rubber composite ring, fixed to the inner edge of the front opening of the main blade, and is used to wrap the connection between the extended blade and the main blade.

[0048] The liftable tower system 2 includes a tower structure 201, a lifting mechanism 202, and a control unit, wherein: The tower structure 201 is made of high-strength low-alloy steel or high-strength composite material and is a multi-section telescopic coaxial nested structure, with the inner section being telescopic along the outer section. In this embodiment, the tower structure is a three-section or four-section telescopic structure.

[0049] The lifting mechanism 202 includes an electric hydraulic lifting system or a synchronous electric screw lifting system. Each level of the tower is provided with a self-locking mechanism, which includes a gear-engaging buckle, a wedge pin or a hydraulic locking pin.

[0050] The control unit is integrated with the control system of the retractable wind turbine blade system, and adjusts the tower lifting and blade extension and extension movements through feedback signals from wind speed sensors, barometers, vibration sensors, etc.

[0051] The linkage control system includes a main control unit, a sensor array and a control algorithm. The sensor array includes wind speed sensors, displacement sensors, temperature sensors and vibration sensors. The control algorithm is based on a three-dimensional curve model of wind speed-blade length-tower height to achieve linkage adjustment of blade extension and extension and tower lifting and lowering.

[0052] In this embodiment, a wind turbine system is in operation: When the wind speed is lower than 5m / s, the linkage control system instructs the blade tips to open, extend the blades, and at the same time instructs the tower to rise to increase the swept area and increase the hub height.

[0053] When the wind speed exceeds 15m / s, the linkage control system instructs the extended blade to retract and at the same time instructs the tower to lower its height to reduce wind load.

[0054] When the wind speed exceeds 25m / s, the linkage control system instructs the blades to retract and close their tips, the tower is shortened to the minimum height, and the wind turbine enters a protective shutdown state.

[0055] The materials of the retractable wind turbine blade system and the liftable tower system of this embodiment are both corrosion-resistant and high-strength, and are suitable for onshore and offshore wind farms.

[0056] Example 4 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the above embodiment, except that this embodiment introduces the main structural components of a wind turbine system in detail as follows: Part 1: Retractable Wind Turbine Blade System 1. Detailed composition of blade extension structure 1. Main blade casing (main section) Structural form: Hollow single shell or double shell structure, the appearance is a typical wind turbine airfoil design, with good aerodynamic performance.

[0057] Materials: Glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), or a combination of these. To ensure strength and reduce weight, the internal sandwich layer uses PVC foam or honeycomb composite core.

[0058] Internal structure: Double-sided guide rail base: Two sliding guide rails are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main blade. The material is lightweight and high-strength aluminum alloy or carbon fiber guide rails, which are fixed to the inner wall of the main blade.

[0059] Power compartment: Located at the tail end of the main blade, it is equipped with an electric screw propulsion device and a power supply / control module.

[0060] 2. Lengthen leaf segments Structural form: Slender streamlined airfoil structure, which can be embedded in the main blade cavity as a whole, with a slightly pointed head to reduce aerodynamic interference.

[0061] Size and segmentation: It can be single-section or multi-section telescopic. The length of each section is determined according to the length of the main blade, generally 15%~25% of the main blade. It can be configured with 2~3 levels of nested structure to achieve multi-level telescopic.

[0062] Slider assembly: Each section has two sliders at the bottom, precisely aligned with the inner guide rails of the main blades. The slider housing is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-coated aluminum alloy core. The sliders have built-in magnetic or coded identifiers for displacement feedback.

[0063] 3. Propulsion mechanism (power part) Drive type: Electric ball screw drive structure is preferred, and electromagnetic linear motor drive can also be used.

[0064] Ball screw assembly: The screw is arranged along the axial direction of the main blade and fixed on the support column on the inner wall of the main blade; the matching nut assembly is fixed to the bottom structure of the extended blade; the motor drives the screw to rotate, thereby driving the extended section to move linearly; the motor is a DC servo motor with an encoder and a reduction gearbox, and has precise positioning capabilities; the driving process is slow start and slow stop to prevent movement shock.

[0065] 4. Tip opening mechanism (opening "petal" structure) Structure: The tip of the main leaf is a multi-petal structure (3-4 petals) that can be opened and closed, resembling a flower petal that opens outwards; Materials: flexible composite materials or elastic sheet structures with elastic skeletons; Drive mode: Micro-stepping motor drives the gear set; or uses shape memory alloy drive plate, which deforms and opens when power is applied; Opening and closing angle: Each petal can rotate 30~45°, which is controlled by the limit rod mechanism inside the cabin.

[0066] 5. Buffer sealing tape (interface coating structure) Structure: Set in the flexible annular groove on the inner edge of the main blade tip, with an elastic sealing ring embedded inside; Material: Silicone rubber or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), hollow foam structure, with resilience; Function: When the extended blade is in place, the sealing ring automatically covers its root transition section to ensure the interface; Sealing, waterproofing and dustproof; shock absorption and buffering; reducing aerodynamic interference at the connection; compensating for gaps caused by manufacturing and installation errors.

[0067] 2. Detailed description of the leaf extension process 1. Initialization state The extension section is completely embedded in the main blade cavity; the slider is in close contact with the guide rail, and the screw and nut structure are stationary; the tip "petals" are closed, and the structure is a closed integrated blade.

[0068] 2. Startup determination The main control system receives a low wind speed signal (e.g., less than 5m / s); system analysis shows that the blade sweeping area needs to be increased; and the extension program is started.

[0069] 3. Tip opening and closing The motor drives the gear system to cause the tip "petals" to turn outward; the tip of the blade opens to reveal the extension section outlet; after the opening angle reaches the preset value, the control system starts the extension mechanism.

[0070] 4. Extended section advancement The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, driving the nut and the extension section to slide forward along the guide rail; the displacement is fed back to the main control system in real time to control the advancement speed; the buffer sealing belt deforms as the extension section is pushed out, adaptively covering the root interface; if a multi-stage extension section design is used, it will unfold sequentially, like a telescope.

[0071] 5. Stretch out and finish The extension section extends to the set length (such as a 20% increase in the total length); the control system stops driving and the motor brake is locked; the slider self-locks and is located in a specific groove of the guide rail to enhance stability; the main control system switches to the wind energy capture operation state, and the wind wheel starts generating electricity.

[0072] 3. Retraction process (for typhoons / high wind speeds) 1. High wind speed trigger When the real-time wind speed exceeds 15m / s (or as set by the user), the control system initiates the emergency retraction command.

[0073] 2. Retraction The motor reverses, and the lead screw drives the extension section to retract along the guide rail; the buffer ring rebounds to its original position; the "petal" structure at the tip closes, restoring the overall closed shape; after all actions are completed, the system records the status and enters windproof standby mode.

[0074] 4. Signal and control system Sensor configuration: Wind speed sensor (installed on the impeller or tower top); displacement sensor (encoder or magnetic element); temperature sensor and vibration sensor (to ensure structural safety); Control logic: Multi-parameter joint judgment criteria (wind speed, power, vibration); wind speed-extension length mapping curve (or based on AI prediction model); fault self-diagnosis, automatic reset and manual intervention interface.

[0075] Part 2: Liftable Wind Turbine Tower Combination System 1. System composition overview: 1. Retractable tower system: External main tower; multi-section sleeve-type embedded tower extension section; hydraulic / electric synchronous telescopic mechanism; fixed snap mechanism (such as gear ring lock, wedge lock); safety and stability detection feedback system.

[0076] 2. Blade and tower linkage control system (core part): Main control unit (PLC or embedded controller); wind speed / air pressure / temperature and humidity sensor array; bidirectional position detector (blade and tower); intelligent control algorithm and safety limit logic; synchronous adjustment execution module.

[0077] 2. Description of working principle: 1. Wind condition perception and decision-making: The system monitors wind speed in real time, combining historical data with forecast models; Set a three-dimensional curve model of wind speed-blade length-tower height (such as cubic spline or neural network); Determine whether the blades and tower need to be extended or shortened synchronously.

[0078] 2. Linkage matching mechanism: Low wind speed (e.g., 4-6 m / s): The system determines that the current hub height is not conducive to receiving wind energy, and uses: Start the tower extension system → increase the hub height; synchronously start the blade extension system → increase the swept area; and adjust the wind turbine power point operation optimization strategy in a coordinated manner.

[0079] High wind speed (e.g. 12-18 m / s): Determine that the current blade load is too high → initiate tower retraction and partial blade retraction to reduce torque; keep the wind rotor within a safe operating range; and adaptively control the generator input power curve.

[0080] Extreme weather (such as typhoons): Automatically enter "Typhoon Protection Mode": All blades are retracted and their tips are closed; the tower is simultaneously shortened to its minimum height to reduce wind pressure; the wind turbine is shut down, yaw is positioned, and the brake is locked.

[0081] 3. Dynamic control implementation: CAN bus or industrial Ethernet is used to achieve high-speed communication between modules; all actions have soft and hard limits + photoelectric sensor feedback + displacement encoder verification; a "pre-adjusted height-wind speed matching table" can be set to speed up response; remote operation and maintenance and manual intervention switching modes are supported.

[0082] 3. Blade system and tower system matching logic: The matching logic of the blade system and tower system is shown in Table 1: Table 1 Blade system and tower system matching logic table

[0083] Part III: Detailed description of the tip petal structure: 1. Overview of structure and function The "petal tip structure" is installed at the front end of the main blade and its main functions are: It closes when the extended part of the blade is retracted to maintain the overall airfoil and aerodynamic continuity of the blade; it opens when the blade needs to be extended to form an outlet channel for the extended section to extend forward; it has good aerodynamic performance, structural strength and sealing reliability during the opening and closing process.

[0084] 2. Structural composition and connection relationship 1. Petal structure Quantity: 3 to 4 pieces are symmetrically distributed and appear to be three-dimensionally turned outward.

[0085] Shape: The inner edge is curved to match the blade cross-section, and the outer edge is slightly pointed to help guide the airflow.

[0086] Gradual thickness: thickens near the rotating hinge and gradually becomes thinner at the distal end.

[0087] Connection method: Each petal is mounted on the inner ring of the front end shell of the main blade through a hinge; the hinge shaft can be embedded in the blade wall thickness structure, and the bearing material is highly wear-resistant ceramic or stainless steel; a limit block is provided on the hinge mechanism to control the opening angle (30–45°).

[0088] 2. Drive structure The following types can be selected based on cost and space: Solution 1: Micro electric push rod drive Structure: Embedded micro electric push rod device, each petal is driven independently; Installation method: The push rod is fixed to the blade shell, and the piston end is connected to the inner frame of the petal; Control mode: Opening and closing are centrally controlled by the main control system, equipped with a displacement feedback device; Option 2: Motor + gear drive The motor drives the small gear → meshes with the semicircular rack on the petals → drives them to rotate; the reduction mechanism is embedded in the blade shell and can use a DC brushless motor + planetary reducer.

[0089] Option 3: Shape memory alloy drive The petals are flipped by deforming the SMA wire when it is electrified. The advantages are compactness and noiselessness, but the disadvantages are slow response and small torque. It is suitable for small fans or models.

[0090] 3. Material selection

[0091] 4. Sealing and pneumatic optimization design 1. Sealing in closed state A tongue-and-groove interlocking structure is set between the petals, which interlock with each other when closed to prevent dust and water; an elastic sealing gasket is set in the inner ring, which is pressed tightly against the inner shell of the blade when the petals are closed; the elastic gasket is made of soft materials such as TPU and EPDM, which is weather-resistant and elastic.

[0092] 2. Aerodynamic continuity design The petal shape is designed along the airfoil of the original blade's leading edge, so that the entire blade's leading edge transitions naturally when closed; the closed gap is polished into a low-mutation area to reduce boundary layer disturbances; the inner surface of the petal is coated with a hydrophobic coating to prevent rainwater accumulation from interfering with airflow.

[0093] 5. Detailed explanation of working principle 1. Initial state (closed): The petal structure is tightly closed, and the leading edge of the entire leaf is intact; the extended section is stored in the leaf cavity; the sealing ring fits against the inner edge of the petal, and the leaf is in a stable working state.

[0094] 2. Opening process: The main control system issues an opening command; the micro electric push rod extends to push the petals outward and rotate; each petal rotates synchronously around the hinge axis to a preset angle (such as 40°); the channel is formed, and the blade extension section starts the propulsion process.

[0095] 3. Retraction and closing process: After the extension section is retracted, the system detects that the position is in place; the push rod moves in the opposite direction or the gear reverses, and the petals close automatically; the sealing strip presses the gap to close it; and the closed state is locked.

[0096] 6. Control System Logic Control core: integrated with the blade main control system; Logical flow: Wind speed detection → determine whether blade extension is required; If yes: start the petals to open; The extension section is advanced and completed → switch to the running state; In case of strong wind: the extended section will retract first → the petals will close; Safety limit and redundancy: Each petal is equipped with an open / close status sensor; the drive mechanism is limited to prevent over-travel; it is forced to reset and lock in the event of a fault; and a manual emergency opening and closing button can be configured.

[0097] The petal-shaped tip structure of the present invention achieves decoupling of structural contraction and functional expansion; maintains the overall aerodynamic performance of the blade; is easy to maintain and assemble; has multi-mode control capabilities (wind speed, manual, automatic); and supports the extension and upgrade path of intelligent wind power systems.

[0098] In combination with the above embodiments, the present invention significantly improves the performance and operational safety of wind turbines under variable wind conditions by designing retractable wind turbine blades and their linkage adjustment system with an adjustable-height tower. Compared with existing fixed-blade and fixed-tower structures, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention effectively improves wind energy capture efficiency. The retractable blades dynamically adjust their length based on real-time wind speed, increasing or decreasing the swept area. This effectively expands the blade area at low wind speeds (e.g., 3-5 m / s), enhancing energy capture. Simulation analysis shows that the swept area can increase by 20%-30% when the blades are extended, correspondingly increasing power generation by approximately 15%-25%, significantly improving power generation efficiency at low wind speeds.

[0099] This invention enhances safety and reliability in high-wind conditions. By retracting the blades to a shorter length, the wind-exposed area and wind load are reduced, reducing stress concentration in the blades and turbine structure, and minimizing the risk of mechanical damage caused by extreme wind conditions. Structural mechanics simulations have shown that maximum stress can be reduced by approximately 25%, extending the service life of the blades and turbine.

[0100] This invention allows for flexible adjustment of tower height, optimizing the utilization of high-altitude wind resources. The tower height automatically adjusts according to wind conditions, and combined with synchronized changes in blade length, it efficiently captures wind speeds at varying altitudes. Field wind speed measurements show that a 10-meter increase in height can increase average wind speed by approximately 0.5 to 0.8 m / s, further increasing power generation.

[0101] This invention reduces operating and maintenance costs. Its dynamic adjustment function allows the fan to optimize its operating state based on environmental conditions, reducing the probability of failures caused by uneven structural stress and vibration. Long-term operational monitoring has shown that maintenance frequency has decreased by approximately 15%, reducing maintenance costs accordingly.

[0102] The present invention improves the overall economy and adaptability of the system. The system is applicable to a variety of geographical environments and complex climatic conditions, especially to areas with large wind speed fluctuations and high altitudes, significantly expanding the scope of application and market competitiveness of wind turbines.

[0103] In summary, the present invention realizes the real-time response of wind turbines to wind conditions through structural innovation and intelligent linkage control, improves wind energy utilization and unit safety, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and has significant technological advancement and application value.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a retractable wind turbine blade system and a liftable tower system, wherein the retractable wind turbine blade system and the liftable tower system are dynamically adjusted through a linkage control system; the retractable wind turbine blade system comprises a main blade structure, an extended blade part, an electric drive mechanism, a blade tip opening structure and a buffer sealing belt; a linear guide rail arranged along the length direction of the blade is provided inside the main blade structure, the extended blade part is nested inside the main blade structure, and the extended blade part and the main blade structure form a nested telescopic structure, a slider assembly is provided at the bottom of the extended blade part, and the slider assembly is installed on the linear guide rail of the main blade structure; the electric drive mechanism is fixed inside the main blade structure, and is used to drive the extended blade part to retract; the blade tip opening structure is located at the front end of the main blade structure; The buffer sealing belt is fixed to the inner edge of the front opening of the main blade structure; The liftable tower system includes a tower structure, a lifting mechanism and a control unit, wherein the control unit is electrically connected to the electric drive mechanism and the lifting mechanism; the tower structure is a multi-section sleeve coaxial nested structure, and the lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the tower structure to drive the inner section of the tower structure to extend and retract along the outer section.

2. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main blade structure adopts a hollow single shell structure with an outer shape of a wind turbine airfoil. The internal interlayer adopts PVC foam core material. The surface of the main blade structure is provided with an anti-corrosion UV coating. The linear guide rail is fixed to the inner wall of the main blade structure, and a power compartment section is provided at the tail end of the main blade structure.

3. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extended blade part is a slender streamlined airfoil structure, the extended blade part is embedded in the main blade structure cavity, the front end of the extended blade part is a streamlined sharp angle, the slider assembly is provided on both sides of the bottom of the extended blade part, the slider assembly is matched with the linear guide rail, and the extended blade part has a built-in magnetic induction identifier.

4. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric drive mechanism includes a ball screw electric propulsion system or an electromagnetic propulsion guide rail system. The electric drive mechanism is controlled to start and stop by the main control system. The electric drive mechanism adopts a low-speed, high-torque DC servo motor and is equipped with a position feedback encoder.

5. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade tip opening structure is a petal-like multi-petal structure, and the blade tip opening structure is made of a flexible composite material, and is driven to open and close by a micro motor and gear transmission or a shape memory alloy sheet.

6. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer sealing belt is made of a highly elastic polyurethane or silicone rubber composite ring, and the buffer sealing belt is located at the connection between the main blade structure and the extended blade part.

7. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall tower structure is made of high-strength low-alloy steel Q355 series or high-strength composite materials, and the overall tower structure is a three-section or four-section sleeve coaxial nested structure; the lifting mechanism includes an electric hydraulic lifting system or a synchronous electric screw lifting system arranged at the bottom of the overall tower structure, and each level of the tower structure is provided with a self-locking mechanism, and the self-locking mechanism is a gear-engaging buckle, a wedge pin or a hydraulic locking pin.

8. The wind turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage control system includes a main control unit, a sensor array and a control algorithm. The sensor array includes a wind speed sensor, a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor. The control algorithm is based on a three-dimensional curve model of wind speed-blade length-tower height to achieve linkage adjustment of blade extension and extension and tower lifting and lowering.

9. The method for using a wind turbine system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the initial state, the blades are in a retracted state, the extended blades are completely retracted into the main blade structure, and the tower is at a normal height; When the wind speed decreases, the petal structure at the tip of the blade opens and extends the blade. If the wind speed decreases further, the tower is raised. When the wind speed increases or extreme weather occurs, the blade part is retracted and extended. If the overall height needs to be reduced, the tower is retracted and switched to high-intensity, low-resistance operation mode.

10. The method for using a wind turbine system according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the wind speed is lower than 5m / s, the linkage control system instructs the blade tip opening structure to open, extending the blade part, and at the same time instructs the tower to rise; When the wind speed exceeds 15m / s, the linkage control system instructs the extended blades to retract and at the same time instructs the tower to lower its height; When the wind speed exceeds 25m / s, the linkage control system instructs the blade extension to retract completely and close the blade tip opening structure, the tower is shortened to the minimum height, and the wind turbine enters the protective shutdown state.

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