Control method for avoiding frequent vibration fault shutdown of wind turbine generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method for avoiding frequent vibration fault shutdown of a wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps of: aiming at the front-back vibration of a cabin during the non-yawing period of the wind turbine generator, adopting a strategy of firstly retracting a propeller, adopting active yawing and deviating from a preset angle when the propeller retracting is invalid, and recording the angle of the cabin in a large vibration area; when the wind turbine generator set yaws to the cabin angle of the large vibration area again subsequently, the wind turbine generator set continuously yaws at the preset angle, that is, the impeller is offset from the wind coming direction; for left-right vibration of a cabin during yawing of the wind turbine generator, a strategy of firstly retracting paddles is adopted, and a control strategy of stopping yawing in advance is adopted when the paddles are not retracted, so that large shutdown caused by vibration due to continuous yawing of the wind turbine generator is avoided, and unnecessary power generation loss is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration fault analysis of wind turbine generator sets, and in particular to a control method for preventing wind turbine generator sets from frequent shutdowns due to vibration faults. Background Art

[0002] During the development of the wind power industry, vibration problems of wind turbines are inevitable, especially in mountainous and island terrains, which are prone to frequent vibration and major shutdown of wind turbines due to unbalanced loads on the impellers due to terrain wind resources. At present, the industry has adopted a relatively simple method to deal with the major vibration shutdown of wind turbines during non-yaw periods, generally adopting the yaw method or the power limiting method; and for the problem of large vibration of wind turbines during yaw, the main measure currently adopted is to replace the yaw brake friction plate for a long time.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent application CN118934444A discloses a method for suppressing vibration of a wind turbine generator set. The method includes the following steps: when the left-right vibration of the tower or transmission chain exceeds a certain limit and the vibration value does not improve after a delay, yaw is initiated to interfere with the original vibration frequency, thereby reducing the left-right vibration value of the tower or transmission chain; when the front-to-back vibration of the tower exceeds a certain limit and the vibration value does not improve after a delay, the unit is reduced to half the current power generation capacity, and the original vibration frequency is interfered with by actions such as retracting the blades and reducing torque load, thereby reducing the front-to-back vibration value of the tower.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention patent application CN119102974A discloses a control method and system for vibration suppression of a wind turbine generator set, including: real-time collection of wind information data in the current environment of the wind turbine generator set, and dynamic adjustment of the time interval for collecting the operating status information of the wind turbine generator set; real-time monitoring of the operating status of the wind turbine generator set according to the operating status information collection time interval corresponding to the current moment, and obtaining the operating status information of the wind turbine generator set; combining a vortex-induced vibration prediction model to determine whether the wind turbine generator set has vortex-induced vibration; when the wind turbine generator set has vortex-induced vibration, the liquid level in the TLD damper of the wind turbine generator set is adjusted according to the vibration information of the current vortex-induced vibration. The system includes modules corresponding to the steps of the method, realizes intelligent monitoring and control of the wind turbine generator set, and improves the operating efficiency and stability of the unit.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies for addressing high vibration during non-yaw periods are relatively limited, either solely through yaw activation or power limiting. For high vibration failures during yaw, the industry currently only addresses these issues by replacing the yaw brake friction pads, a hardware upgrade that is both time-consuming and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a control method to avoid frequent vibration failure shutdowns of wind turbines. For the vibration of the cabin in the front and rear directions during the non-yaw period of the wind turbine, a strategy of retracting the blades first is adopted. When retracting the blades is ineffective, active yaw is taken to deviate from the current cabin angle by an angle φ, and the cabin angle ψ in the large vibration area is recorded. When the unit yaws to the cabin angle ψ in the large vibration area again, the unit continues to yaw by φ degrees, that is, the impeller is offset by φ degrees from the incoming wind direction; for the vibration of the cabin in the left and right directions during the yaw period of the wind turbine, a strategy of retracting the blades first is adopted. When retracting the blades is ineffective, a control strategy of stopping yaw in advance is adopted to avoid the unit from continuing to yaw and causing a large vibration shutdown, thereby avoiding unnecessary power generation loss.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of wind turbines, the method is that first PLC determines whether the current wind turbine is in a yaw state, if the wind turbine is in a yaw state, then detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time, if the above conditions are met, controls the wind turbine to start retracting the blades, when it is detected that the vibration value drops below α times the vibration shutdown threshold, controls the wind turbine to stop retracting the blades, if the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time, controls the wind turbine to stop yaw, and after the preset time T, controls the wind turbine to return to normal Yaw towards the wind or open the blades; if the wind turbine is in a non-yaw state, the current vibration value of the wind turbine is detected to see if it exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time. If the above conditions are met, the wind turbine starts to retract the blades. When the current vibration value of the wind turbine is measured to drop below α times the vibration shutdown threshold, the wind turbine is controlled to stop retracting the blades. If the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time, the wind turbine is controlled to start yaw, deviating from the current cabin angle by φ degrees, and recording the cabin angle ψ in the large vibration area. When it yaws to the large vibration area again, the wind turbine continues to yaw by φ degrees, that is, the cabin is offset from the incoming wind direction by φ degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, the method comprises the following steps:

[0009] a. The PLC determines whether the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction exceeds the limit value based on the anemometer; if the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction exceeds the limit value, the wind turbine is controlled to start yaw and step b1 is executed; if the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction does not exceed the limit value, the wind turbine is still in the non-yaw state and step c1 is executed;

[0010] b1. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time; if not, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally and the detection is continued; if it exceeds, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades and execute step b2;

[0011] b2. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set drops below the α-times vibration shutdown threshold; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to stop retracting the blades; if not, step b3 is executed;

[0012] b3. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold for a period of time t2; if so, the wind turbine is controlled to stop yaw, and after a preset time T, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally into the wind or open the propellers; if not, the process returns to step b2;

[0013] c1. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time; if it exceeds, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades; if it does not exceed, the detection continues;

[0014] c2. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set drops below the α-times vibration shutdown threshold; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to stop retracting the blades; if not, step c3 is executed;

[0015] c3. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to start yaw and deviate from the current nacelle angle by φ degrees, and the nacelle angle ψ of the large vibration area is recorded. When the wind turbine generator set yaws to the large vibration area again, the wind turbine generator set continues to yaw by φ degrees, that is, the nacelle is offset from the incoming wind direction by φ degrees; if not, return to step c2.

[0016] Furthermore, the value range of α and β is: 0.5≤α<β≤0.9.

[0017] Furthermore, the value range of t1 and t2 is: 300ms≤t1 <t2≤3s。

[0018] Furthermore, the value range of T is: 30s≤T≤3min.

[0019] Furthermore, the value range of φ is: 5°≤φ≤10°.

[0020] A control system for preventing a wind turbine from frequently shutting down due to vibration failures, used to implement the above-mentioned control method for preventing a wind turbine from frequently shutting down due to vibration failures, comprising:

[0021] PLC controller, used to program, store and execute control strategy programs to avoid frequent vibration and major fault shutdown of wind turbines;

[0022] Anemometer: used to detect and record the current wind direction and transmit the wind direction information to the PLC controller to facilitate the judgment of whether the wind turbine needs to yaw to face the wind;

[0023] Yaw driver, which is connected to the PLC controller and is used to start or stop the yaw of the wind turbine;

[0024] Yaw position encoder, used to record the yaw angle of the cabin and transmit it to the PLC controller;

[0025] The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration value of the wind turbine in real time and transmit it to the PLC controller.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions, when the instructions are executed by a processor, performs the steps of the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine generator set.

[0027] A computing device includes a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine is implemented.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention can prevent the wind turbine from shutting down due to frequent vibrations in the front-to-rear direction of the nacelle during non-yaw operation, and also prevent the wind turbine from shutting down due to frequent vibrations in the left-to-right direction of the nacelle during yaw operation, thereby reducing power generation losses caused by long-term shutdowns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Flowchart of the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of wind turbines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] See also Figure 1As shown in the figure, the control method for avoiding frequent vibration fault shutdown of the wind turbine provided by the present embodiment is that the PLC first determines whether the current wind turbine is in a yaw state. If the wind turbine is in a yaw state, it detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time. If the above conditions are met, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades. When it is detected that the vibration value drops below α times the vibration shutdown threshold, the wind turbine is controlled to stop retracting the blades. If the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time, the wind turbine is controlled to stop yaw. After the preset time T, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally to the wind Or open the blades; if the wind turbine is in a non-yaw state, it is detected whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time. If the above conditions are met, the wind turbine starts to retract the blades. When it is measured that the current vibration value of the wind turbine drops below α times the vibration shutdown threshold, the wind turbine is controlled to stop retracting the blades. If the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time, the wind turbine is controlled to start yaw, deviating from the current cabin angle by φ angle, and recording the cabin angle ψ in the large vibration area. When it yaws to the large vibration area again, the wind turbine continues to yaw by φ degrees, that is, the cabin is offset from the incoming wind direction by φ degrees.

[0034] The method comprises the following steps:

[0035] a. The PLC determines whether the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction exceeds the limit value based on the anemometer; if the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction exceeds the limit value, the wind turbine is controlled to start yaw and step b1 is executed; if the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction does not exceed the limit value, the wind turbine is still in the non-yaw state and step c1 is executed;

[0036] b1. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time; if not, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally and the detection is continued; if it exceeds, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades and execute step b2;

[0037] b2. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set drops below the α-times vibration shutdown threshold; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to stop retracting the blades; if not, step b3 is executed;

[0038] b3. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold for a period of time t2; if so, the wind turbine is controlled to stop yaw, and after a preset time T, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally into the wind or open the propellers; if not, the process returns to step b2;

[0039] c1. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time; if it exceeds, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades; if it does not exceed, the detection continues;

[0040] c2. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set drops below the α-times vibration shutdown threshold; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to stop retracting the blades; if not, step c3 is executed;

[0041] c3. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to start yaw and deviate from the current cabin angle φ, and the cabin angle ψ of the large vibration area, that is, the cabin angle ψ of the vibration area in the front and rear directions of the cabin, when it yaws to the large vibration area again, the wind turbine generator set continues to yaw φ degrees, that is, the cabin is offset from the incoming wind direction by φ degrees; if not, return to step c2.

[0042] Among them, 0.5≤α<β≤0.9; 300ms≤t1 <t2≤3s;30s≤T≤3min;5°≤φ≤10°。

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment discloses a control system for preventing a wind turbine from frequently shutting down due to vibration failures, and is used to implement the control method for preventing a wind turbine from frequently shutting down due to vibration failures described in Example 1, including:

[0045] PLC controller, used to program, store and execute control strategy programs to avoid frequent vibration and major fault shutdown of wind turbines;

[0046] Anemometer: used to detect and record the current wind direction and transmit the wind direction information to the PLC controller to facilitate the judgment of whether the wind turbine needs to yaw to face the wind;

[0047] Yaw driver, which is connected to the PLC controller and is used to start or stop the yaw of the wind turbine;

[0048] Yaw position encoder, used to record the yaw angle of the cabin and transmit it to the PLC controller;

[0049] The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration value of the wind turbine in real time and transmit it to the PLC controller.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This embodiment discloses a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine according to embodiment 1 are performed.

[0052] The non-transitory computer-readable medium in this embodiment can be a disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, or other media.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] This embodiment discloses a computing device including a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine described in Example 1 is implemented.

[0055] The computing device described in this embodiment may be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a smart phone, a PDA handheld terminal, a tablet computer, a programmable logic controller (PLC), or other terminal devices with a processor function.

[0056] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any changes made based on the shape and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for preventing frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine, characterized by: The method is that the PLC first determines whether the current wind turbine is in a yaw state. If the wind turbine is in a yaw state, it detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time. If the above conditions are met, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades. When it is detected that the vibration value drops below α times the vibration shutdown threshold, the wind turbine is controlled to stop retracting the blades. If the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time, the wind turbine is controlled to stop yaw. After the preset time T, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally towards the wind or open the blades. If the wind turbine is in a non-yaw state When the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time, the wind turbine starts to retract the blades. When the current vibration value of the wind turbine is measured to drop below α times the vibration shutdown threshold, the wind turbine is controlled to stop retracting the blades. If the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time, the wind turbine is controlled to start yaw, deviating from the current cabin angle by φ degrees, and recording the cabin angle ψ in the large vibration area. When it yaws to the large vibration area again, the wind turbine continues to yaw by φ degrees, that is, the cabin is offset from the incoming wind direction by φ degrees.

2. A control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. The PLC determines whether the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction exceeds the limit value based on the anemometer; if the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction exceeds the limit value, the wind turbine is controlled to start yaw and step b1 is executed; if the current deviation between the wind turbine nacelle and the wind direction does not exceed the limit value, the wind turbine is still in the non-yaw state and step c1 is executed; b1. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time; if not, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally and the detection is continued; if it exceeds, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades and execute step b2; b2. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set drops below the α-times vibration shutdown threshold; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to stop retracting the blades; if not, step b3 is executed; b3. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold for a period of time t2; if so, the wind turbine is controlled to stop yaw, and after a preset time T, the wind turbine is controlled to yaw normally into the wind or open the propellers; if not, the process returns to step b2; c1. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine exceeds α times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t1 time; if it exceeds, the wind turbine is controlled to start retracting the blades; if it does not exceed, the detection continues; c2. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set drops below the α-times vibration shutdown threshold; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to stop retracting the blades; if not, step c3 is executed; c3. The built-in vibration sensor of the wind turbine generator set detects whether the current vibration value of the wind turbine generator set continues to increase and exceeds β times the vibration shutdown threshold and lasts for t2 time; if so, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to start yaw and deviate from the current nacelle angle by φ degrees, and the nacelle angle ψ of the large vibration area is recorded. When the wind turbine generator set yaws to the large vibration area again, the wind turbine generator set continues to yaw by φ degrees, that is, the nacelle is offset from the incoming wind direction by φ degrees; if not, return to step c2.

3. A control method for preventing frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The value range of α and β is: 0.5≤α<β≤0.

9.

4. A control method for preventing frequent vibration failure shutdowns of wind turbines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The value range of t1 and t2 is: 300ms≤t1 <t2≤3s。 5. The control method for preventing frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The value range of T is: 30s≤T≤3min.

6. A control method for preventing frequent vibration failure shutdowns of wind turbines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The value range of φ is: 5°≤φ≤10°.

7. A control system for preventing frequent vibration failures and shutdowns of wind turbines, characterized in that: A control method for preventing a wind turbine from frequently shutting down due to vibration failures as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: PLC controller, used to program, store and execute control strategy programs to avoid frequent vibration and major fault shutdown of wind turbines; Anemometer: used to detect and record the current wind direction and transmit the wind direction information to the PLC controller to facilitate the judgment of whether the wind turbine needs to yaw to face the wind; Yaw driver, which is connected to the PLC controller and is used to start or stop the yaw of the wind turbine; Yaw position encoder, used to record the yaw angle of the cabin and transmit it to the PLC controller; The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration value of the wind turbine in real time and transmit it to the PLC controller.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are performed.

9. A computing device comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the control method for avoiding frequent vibration failure shutdown of a wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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