Compressed air energy storage system capable of efficiently utilizing and water replenishing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient-utilization compressed air energy storage system and a water supplementing method, and relates to the technical field of clean energy. The system comprises a multi-stage treatment unit, a circulating pump, a cooling tower, a water storage tank and a controller. The cooling tower is provided with a liquid level meter; the controller is used for controlling opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the first water pump and the circulating pump according to the liquid level value measured by the liquid level meter and a preset liquid level threshold value corresponding to the current season working condition so as to start water supplementing. By the adoption of the system, the water replenishing requirements of the compressed air energy storage system under different seasonal working conditions can be met, the water separation amount of the compressed air energy storage system can be accurately and effectively utilized, the compressed air energy storage system can operate efficiently under the different seasonal working conditions, meanwhile, energy consumption is reduced, and cyclic utilization of water resources is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of clean energy technology, and in particular to a highly efficient compressed air energy storage system and a water replenishment method. Background Art

[0002] In the context of green and low-carbon development, compressed air energy storage technology, as a new type of energy storage method, has achieved large-scale commercial applications and continued expansion of the industry scale due to its advantages such as high power, deep peak regulation, high safety, full greenness and long life.

[0003] In related technologies, compressed air energy storage systems use a compressor to compress normal air to a certain pressure and store it. When peak loads are needed, the high-pressure air is released to expand and drive a turbine to generate electricity. The compression-side heat exchange system primarily consists of a heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator, installed after each compressor stage. These separators separate the moisture released by the cooled air, reducing its moisture content, ensuring safe and stable operation of the compressor equipment, and lowering its energy consumption.

[0004] Under different seasonal operating conditions, the dew point temperature of the air changes with pressure under different humidity conditions, resulting in different actual water extraction amounts in the compressed air energy storage system, making it impossible to accurately and effectively utilize the water supply. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a compressed air energy storage system and water replenishment method that can adapt to seasonal working conditions and efficiently utilize water to address the above technical problems.

[0006] A highly efficient compressed air energy storage system includes a multi-stage processing unit, a circulating pump, a cooling tower, a water storage tank, and a controller;

[0007] The processing unit includes a compressor, a heat exchanger, a cooler, and a gas-liquid separator connected in sequence, and is used to compress, heat exchange, cool, and separate gas and liquid from air; the air separated in the gas-liquid separator enters the next-level processing unit for circulation processing; the condensed water separated in the gas-liquid separator flows into the water storage tank via a first water pump and an underground pipeline; wherein the underground pipeline is provided with a first valve;

[0008] The cooling tower is provided with a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is provided with a second valve; wherein the condensed water separated inside the gas-liquid separator passes through the buried pipe and the filter, and enters the cooling tower through the water supply pipe; the water stored in the water storage tank passes through the circulating pump through the water storage pipe and enters the filter, and then enters the cooling tower through the water supply pipe;

[0009] The cooling water inside the cooling tower enters each stage of the cooler through the water supply pipe through the second water pump, and then returns to the cooling tower through the return pipe;

[0010] The cooling tower is equipped with a liquid level gauge; the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the first water pump and the circulation pump to start water replenishment based on the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions.

[0011] A water replenishment method for a compressed air energy storage system, applied to a highly efficient compressed air energy storage system, comprising:

[0012] Setting preset liquid level thresholds corresponding to different seasonal operating conditions, and obtaining the liquid level value of the cooling tower after the compressed air energy storage system starts operating;

[0013] The liquid level value is compared with a preset threshold value corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions, and the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the first water pump and the circulating pump in the compressed air energy storage system are controlled according to the comparison result to start water replenishment.

[0014] The above-mentioned highly efficient compressed air energy storage system and water replenishment method, the controller can control the opening and closing states of the first valve on the buried pipeline, the second valve on the water replenishment pipeline, the water pump at the outlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the circulating pump on the water storage pipeline according to the liquid level of the cooling water in the cooling tower measured by the liquid level meter and the liquid level threshold corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions, thereby meeting the water replenishment needs of the compressed air energy storage system under different seasonal operating conditions, and can accurately and effectively utilize the water analysis volume of the compressed air energy storage system, so that the compressed air energy storage system can maintain efficient operation under different seasonal operating conditions, while reducing energy consumption and realizing the recycling of water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a compressed air energy storage system in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a water replenishment method in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the working process of a compressed air energy storage system in one embodiment.

[0018] Reference numerals:

[0019] Processing unit 10, cooling tower CT, water storage tank WT, controller 20, compressor AC, heat exchanger HX, cooler IC, gas-liquid separator GS, first water pump P, second water pump PT1, circulation pump PT2, first valve V1, second valve V2, buried pipeline G1, water storage pipeline G2, water supply pipeline G3, water supply pipeline G4, return water pipeline G5, pressure sensor PS, temperature sensor T, liquid level gauge LG, filter FT. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] The following describes in detail the implementation details of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The diagram below shows the structure of a compressed air energy storage system. The compressed air energy storage system includes a multi-stage processing unit 10, a circulating pump PT2, a water tank WT, and a controller 20. This system can adapt to seasonal water replenishment, thereby meeting the compressed air energy storage system's water replenishment needs in different seasonal operating conditions.

[0023] The composition of the compressed air energy storage system is described in detail below.

[0024] The compressed air energy storage system includes multiple levels of processing units 10, which are used to process the humid air in the environment step by step, gradually increasing the air pressure and reducing the humidity, so as to provide high-pressure, low-humidity air for energy storage and expansion power generation. Among them, each level of processing unit 10 includes a compressor AC, a heat exchanger HX, a cooler IC and a gas-liquid separator GS. These components are connected in sequence and cooperate with each other to compress, reduce the temperature, cool and dehumidify the humid air in the environment respectively. It should be noted that in Figure 1 In the example, only the first-level processing unit is marked as the processing unit 10, and the processing units of other levels are not marked. Figure 1 For example, the first compressor AC, the first heat exchanger HX, the first cooler IC and the first gas-liquid separator GS constitute the first-stage processing unit 10; the second compressor AC, the second heat exchanger HX, the second cooler IC and the second gas-liquid separator GS constitute the second-stage processing unit 10, and so on.

[0025] Taking the first-level processing unit 10 as an example, the working principle of the processing unit 10 is explained in detail, wherein the working principle of the processing unit 10 at each level is the same. The humid air in the environment enters the compressor AC in the processing unit 10 for compression, and the compressor AC is responsible for compressing the air to a higher pressure. As the air pressure increases, the temperature will also rise significantly, so the compressed air will enter the heat exchange unit HX for heat exchange treatment to reduce the temperature of the air. The heat exchanger HX is used to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature air after passing through the compressor AC. Through the heat exchanger HX, the heat in the air is absorbed by the heat exchange medium, thereby reducing the air temperature, wherein the heat exchange medium can be pressurized water, hot oil medium, etc. Then, the air after completing the heat exchange treatment enters the cooler IC to further reduce the air temperature to make it close to the ambient temperature. In actual applications, the relative humidity of compressed air increases during the cooling process. When the temperature drops to the dew point, liquid water will precipitate. The cooled air then enters the gas-liquid separator GS. The gas-liquid separator GS separates the condensed water from the gas through the principles of gravity and centrifugal force, effectively removing moisture from the air and reducing the water content of the air.

[0026] The air separated within the gas-liquid separator GS enters the next-level processing unit 10 for recycling. Specifically, the air within the gas-liquid separator GS in the first-level processing unit 10 enters the compressor AC in the second-level processing unit 10. It then passes through the heat exchanger HX, cooler IC, and gas-liquid separator GS in the second-level processing unit 10, undergoing a second round of compression, heat exchange, cooling, and gas-liquid separation. This process repeats across multiple levels of processing units 10 until all processing units 10 have completed the air compression, heat exchange, cooling, and gas-liquid separation processes.

[0027] Condensate separated within the gas-liquid separator GS accumulates at the bottom. This separated condensate is pumped by a first water pump P, allowing it to enter an underground pipeline G1 and then be transported to a water storage tank WT for storage, ensuring efficient use of water resources. A first water pump P is configured for the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator GS in each stage of the treatment unit 10. For example, a first water pump P is configured for the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator GS in the first-stage treatment unit 10, and another first water pump P is configured for the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator GS in the second-stage treatment unit 10. In practical applications, the selection of the first water pump P should consider flow rate, head, and corrosion resistance to ensure efficient water delivery to the water storage tank WT. The buried depth of the underground pipeline G1 should be selected based on climatic conditions and specific circumstances. It is generally buried between 1.5 and 5 meters. In northern regions, the buried depth of the underground pipeline G1 should be at least 1 meter below the freezing point.

[0028] A first valve V1 is provided on the underground pipe G1. The first valve V1 is provided between the underground pipe G1 and the inlet of the water tank WT and is used to control the flow of condensate. The first valve V1 can be opened or closed when needed. When the first valve V1 is in the open state, condensate can flow into the water tank WT through the buried pipe G1 to complete water storage; when the first valve V1 is in the closed state, condensate cannot enter the water tank WT.

[0029] In practical applications, when wet air is compressed, the water vapor density increases and the temperature rises; when the compressed air is cooled, the relative humidity increases, and when the temperature drops to the dew point, liquid water precipitates. According to the properties of water vapor, the saturated partial pressure and saturated density of water vapor within the engineering pressure (2MPa) range mainly depend on the temperature. When the pressure of saturated wet air increases, the moisture content of the air decreases. For example, in an environment with a relative humidity of 80%, the ambient air at 0.1Mpa and 25℃ (rated flow rate of 100000m 3 / h, rated power 25MW) enters the first-stage processing unit 10, where it is compressed by compressor AC. After compression, the air pressure rises to 0.7 MPa and the temperature rises to 215°C. After cooling to approximately 55°C in heat exchanger HX in the first-stage processing unit 10, it enters cooler IC in the first-stage processing unit 10 for condensation. When the air temperature condenses to a dew point of approximately 45°C, liquid water precipitates. After separation in gas-liquid separator GS in the first-stage processing unit 10, the condensate is discharged, with an hourly discharge rate of approximately 1.67 tons. After this initial compression, the low-pressure, low-humidity air enters compressor AC in the second-stage processing unit 10, where it is compressed to 2.5 MPa. The same compression, heat exchange, and cooling process repeats, with a total condensate discharge rate of approximately 1.17 tons / h in gas-liquid separator GS in the second-stage processing unit 10. As can be seen, as the number of compression stages increases, the amount of water precipitated from the compressed air gradually decreases after multiple compressions, but a substantial amount of water production can still be accumulated daily.

[0030] In a compressed air energy storage system, the air generates a significant amount of heat during the multi-stage compression process. To reduce the compressed air temperature, the system uses a heat exchanger HX to exchange heat with the compressed air, and a cooler IC to cool the compressed air. The cooler IC absorbs the compressed air's heat through cooling water. The cooling tower CT cools the circulating water that has absorbed heat from the cooler IC and then returns it to the cooler IC for further cooling.

[0031] The cooling tower CT is equipped with a second water pump PT1, which pumps cooling water from the cooling tower CT and delivers it to the cooler IC in each stage of the processing unit 10 via the water supply pipe G4, thereby providing cooling water to the cooler IC. After entering the cooler IC, the cooling water cools the air, absorbing heat from the air and lowering the air temperature. This causes the cooling water temperature to rise, and it then needs to return to the cooling tower CT via the return pipe G5 for further cooling. For example, the cooling water temperature in the cooling tower CT can be set at 28°C. After absorbing heat in the cooler IC, the cooling water temperature can reach 35°C, resulting in a cooling water outlet temperature of 28°C and a return water temperature of 35°C. In the system, the cooling tower CT, the second water pump PT1, the water supply pipe G4, the cooler IC, and the return pipe G5 together form a cooling water circulation system. This cooling water circulation allows the cooler IC to continuously absorb heat from the compressed air, while the cooling tower CT continuously supplies cooling water to the cooler IC, maintaining efficient system operation.

[0032] In practice, a cooling tower (CT) transfers heat from hot water returning to the CT to the air through evaporative cooling. Specifically, the returning hot water flows down from the top of the CT and comes into contact with air entering from the bottom or sides. Some of the water evaporates, removing heat and lowering the water temperature, turning the returning hot water into output cooling water. However, some of the water evaporates and is lost during this cooling process, necessitating water replenishment to the CT to ensure the proper operation of the cooling water cycle.

[0033] Based on this, the cooling tower CT is also equipped with a water supply pipe G3, which is used to transport water to the cooling tower CT to maintain the normal water level of the cooling tower CT. Figure 1 As shown, there are two water replenishment paths for cooling tower CT, namely:

[0034] (1) In the compressed air energy storage system, the underground pipeline G1 is connected to the water supply pipeline G3, so that the condensed water from each stage of the processing unit 10 enters the water supply pipeline G3 from the underground pipeline G1, is filtered through the filter FT on the water supply pipeline G3, and finally enters the cooling tower CT. In this water supply path, the condensed water is used as the water supply source for the cooling tower CT;

[0035] (2) In the compressed air energy storage system, the water tank WT is provided with a water storage pipe G2, which is connected to the water supply pipe G3. This allows water stored in the water tank WT to be drawn by a circulating pump PT2, which then flows through the water storage pipe G2 into the water supply pipe G3. The water is then filtered by the filter FT on the water supply pipe G3 before finally entering the cooling tower CT. In this water supply path, the water stored in the water tank WT serves as the water supply source.

[0036] The filter FT on the water supply pipe G3 is used to remove impurities and pollutants that may exist in the water supply pipe G3 to ensure the cleanliness of the water entering the cooling tower CT.

[0037] In practice, the water supply pipe G3 is also equipped with a second valve V2, which is used to control the opening and closing of the water supply pipe G3 to control the water supply to the cooling tower CT. When the second valve V2 is open, water is allowed to flow into the cooling tower CT to replenish the water. When the second valve V2 is closed, the water supply to the cooling tower CT is suspended to prevent excessive water supply.

[0038] It should be noted that softened water is used in the cooling tower CT, while pure water is stored in the water tank WT.

[0039] The cooling tower CT is also equipped with a liquid level gauge LG, which monitors the cooling water level in the cooling tower CT in real time and provides feedback to the controller 20. This helps the controller 20 control water replenishment, maintaining an appropriate level and ensuring proper circulation. Based on the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG, the controller 20 controls the opening and closing of the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the first water pump P, and the circulation pump PT2 to control water replenishment in the cooling tower CT.

[0040] In actual applications, the water replenishment requirements of the compressed air energy storage system vary in different seasons, and this also affects the amount of water precipitated from the air. Based on this, in order to accurately control the water replenishment under different seasonal operating conditions, a preset liquid level threshold corresponding to each seasonal operating condition is set according to different seasonal operating conditions. This preset liquid level threshold refers to the liquid level standard set by the system during operation, which is used to determine whether there is a need for water replenishment. The controller 20 can determine whether there is a need for water replenishment in the cooling tower CT by comparing the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge LG with the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the current seasonal operating condition, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the first water pump P and the circulating pump PT2 respectively to start the water replenishment process, thereby being able to meet the water replenishment requirements of the compressed air energy storage system under different seasonal operating conditions, and at the same time being able to effectively utilize the amount of water precipitated by the system in different seasons. Among them, the opening and closing of the first valve V1 can control whether the condensed water precipitated by the processing units 10 at each level is directly used to replenish the cooling tower CT or stored in the water tank WT. The opening and closing of the second valve V2 can control whether water is replenished to the cooling tower CT, and the opening and closing of the first water pump P and the circulating pump PT2 are used to coordinate the flow direction of water in different pipelines.

[0041] In one embodiment, the preset liquid level thresholds corresponding to seasonal operating conditions are set based on a preset initial liquid level. The preset initial liquid level refers to the starting height or water level of the cooling water in the cooling tower CT under specific conditions (e.g., at system startup, after water is added to the cooling tower CT, etc.). This height is typically a standard water level set before normal system operation. Using the preset initial liquid level as a reference point, preset liquid level thresholds corresponding to different seasonal operating conditions are set.

[0042] The following details the setting of the preset liquid level threshold according to the characteristics of different seasonal working conditions, including:

[0043] (1) When the compressed air energy storage system is operated in summer conditions, the relative humidity of the ambient air is very high, and the compressed air will produce a large amount of liquid moisture, the ambient temperature will rise, and the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling tower CT will also be correspondingly high, resulting in an increase in evaporation. Therefore, a higher preset liquid level threshold will be set for the summer conditions. For example, the preset liquid level threshold is set to 70% of the preset initial liquid level, so that the compressed air energy storage system can add cold water with lower temperature to the cooling tower CT in a timely and frequent manner, ensuring the water supply and cooling effect of the cooling tower CT of the compressed air energy storage system under summer conditions.

[0044] (2) When the compressed air energy storage system operates in winter conditions, the environment is relatively dry, but the winter temperature is much lower than the dew point of the corresponding compressed air. When the ambient air is further condensed by the heat exchanger HX and the cooler IC, a large amount of condensed water will be precipitated. In addition, the water evaporation amount of the cooling tower CT is small, and the liquid level drops slowly. Therefore, a moderate preset liquid level threshold can be set for the winter operating conditions. For example, the preset liquid level threshold can be set to 60% of the preset initial liquid level, thereby reducing unnecessary water replenishment operations while ensuring the normal operation of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0045] (3) When the compressed air energy storage system operates under spring and autumn conditions, the temperature and humidity in spring and autumn are usually in an intermediate state, the cooling demand is relatively low, and the water evaporation is also small. Therefore, a lower preset liquid level threshold can be set for the spring and autumn conditions to adapt to the lower cooling demand. For example, the preset liquid level threshold is set to 50% of the preset initial liquid level, thereby minimizing water consumption while ensuring the normal operation of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0046] Based on this, appropriate preset water level thresholds are set according to the operating characteristics of the compressed air energy storage system under different seasonal conditions. Among them, it can be obtained that the preset water level threshold corresponding to the summer condition is greater than the preset water level threshold corresponding to the winter condition and the preset water level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn condition.

[0047] refer to Figure 1As shown, under different seasonal operating conditions, when the compressed air energy storage system starts to operate, the humid air in the environment will enter the compressor AC in the first-stage processing unit 10, causing the humid air to be compressed in the compressor AC. The compressed air is cooled in the heat exchanger HX in the first-stage processing unit 10 (for example, cooled to about 50°C), and then enters the cooler IC of the first-stage processing unit 10 to be further condensed to a temperature close to the ambient temperature. During this process, the moisture in the air begins to condense to form condensed water, which is separated in the gas-liquid separator GS of the first-stage processing unit 10, and the condensed water is discharged from the bottom of the gas-liquid separator GS. Similarly, the low-humidity air continues to be compressed, heat-exchanged, cooled and separated in each subsequent stage of the processing unit 10, so that the moisture in the air is effectively separated and discharged.

[0048] In order to store the condensate precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS, the controller 20 controls the first valve V1 and the first water pump P to open when the compressed air energy storage system starts, so that the condensate precipitated from the processing unit 10 can be stored in the water tank WT for subsequent water replenishment for the cooling tower CT, thereby enabling efficient utilization of the condensate precipitated.

[0049] The following describes in detail how the controller 20 controls the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the circulation pump PT2 and the first water pump P respectively in different seasonal working conditions to achieve water replenishment operation in different seasonal working conditions.

[0050] During spring and autumn operating conditions, the compressor AC in the compressed air energy storage system draws in dry air, producing compressed air with a very low water content. A small amount of condensate is then separated from the gas-liquid separator GS. This condensate first flows through the first water pump P into the underground pipeline G1. After the controller 20 opens the first valve V1, it enters the water tank WT as a backup water source. This process ensures that the water tank WT can collect a sufficient amount of water to provide pure water replenishment when the cooling tower CT needs it. During operation, the controller 20 continuously compares the real-time liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG with the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn operating conditions to determine whether the cooling tower CT needs to be replenished. If the controller 20 detects that the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG is not lower than the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn operating conditions, indicating that there is no need for water replenishment, the controller 20 will continue to control the second valve V2 and the circulation pump PT2 to remain closed and the first valve V1 to open to continue filling the water tank WT.

[0051] If the controller 20 detects that the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge LG is lower than the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn operating conditions, it indicates that there is a need for water replenishment. At this time, the controller 20 controls the second valve V2 and the circulation pump PT2 to open and start the water replenishment process. After the second valve V2 is opened, the pure water stored in the water tank WT is transported to the filter FT via the circulation pump PT2 via the water storage pipe G2. In the filter FT, the pure water is filtered to ensure that the water quality meets the use requirements of the cooling tower CT. The filtered pure water is transported to the cooling tower CT via the water replenishment pipe G3 to replenish the cooling tower CT. During the water replenishment process, the first valve V1 and the first water pump P are kept in the open state to continuously store the backup water source through the water tank WT.

[0052] After the water replenishment operation, if the controller 20 monitors that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level meter LG reaches the preset initial liquid level, it indicates that there is no need to continue replenishing water to the cooling tower CT. Based on this, the controller 20 will control the second valve V2 and the circulation pump PT2 to close and stop the water replenishment operation.

[0053] Among them, in the above-mentioned water replenishment operation, the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG is lower than the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn working conditions as the water replenishment trigger condition, and the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial liquid level as the water replenishment end condition.

[0054] It should be noted that under spring and autumn working conditions, the amount of condensed water released by the gas-liquid separator GS is relatively small, so water replenishment mainly relies on the backup water source in the water storage tank WT to save water resources.

[0055] Under summer working conditions, the relative humidity of the ambient air is high, the amount of condensed water precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS is large, and the evaporation amount of the cooling tower CT is large. Therefore, when replenishing water, condensed water can be used for replenishment first. By controlling the valve opening to directly replenish water to the cooling tower CT, the cooling effect can be guaranteed.

[0056] When the current seasonal operating condition is the summer operating condition, the liquid level meter LG is used to monitor the liquid level height of the cooling tower CT in real time. The controller 20 will continuously compare the liquid level data measured in real time by the liquid level meter LG with the corresponding preset liquid level threshold to determine whether there is a need for water replenishment. Among them, if the controller 20 monitors that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level meter LG is lower than the corresponding preset liquid level threshold, it indicates that there is a need for water replenishment. At this time, the controller 20 controls the first valve V1 to close and opens the second valve V2 to start the water replenishment process. In this case, the condensate precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS directly enters the filter FT for filtration, and the filtered water is directly replenished to the cooling tower CT through the water replenishment pipe G3. If the controller 20 monitors that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level meter LG is greater than or equal to the corresponding preset liquid level threshold, it indicates that there is no need for water replenishment and there is no need to replenish water to the cooling tower CT. At this time, the controller 20 controls the circulation pump PT2 and the second valve V2 to close, and controls the first valve V1 to open, so that the condensed water precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS will not enter the water supply pipe G3, but will flow into the water storage tank WT for storage and reserve.

[0057] It is understandable that under summer operating conditions, the compressed air energy storage system gives priority to using the condensed water precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS to replenish the cooling tower CT. These condensed waters are obtained by compressing, exchanging heat, cooling and separating the air in the environment through the compressor AC, heat exchanger HX, cooler IC and gas-liquid separator GS. When the compressor AC stops operating normally (such as scheduled shutdown, energy storage demand is met, etc.), the air in the environment is no longer sucked into the system, and the compressor AC will no longer compress the air in the environment. The heat exchanger HX, cooler IC and gas-liquid separator GS will also not operate, so that the gas-liquid separator GS will not precipitate new condensed water. In this case, the compressed air energy storage system can no longer use the condensed water precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS to replenish the cooling tower CT, and it is necessary to determine whether to enable the backup water source to replenish the cooling tower CT.

[0058] When the compressor AC stops running, the controller 20 needs to monitor whether the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial liquid level, so as to determine whether to end the water replenishment operation for the cooling tower CT. Among them, if the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG does not reach the preset initial liquid level, it means that water replenishment to the cooling tower CT is still needed. At this time, the gas-liquid separator GS no longer precipitates condensate, so it is necessary to use the pure water in the water tank WT to replenish the cooling tower CT. Based on this, the controller 20 controls the second valve V2 and the circulating pump PT2 to open, so that the pure water in the water tank WT is transported to the filter FT through the circulating pump PT2, and finally enters the cooling tower CT through the water replenishment pipe G3 for water replenishment. At the same time, the controller 20 also controls the first valve V1 to open to prepare for the subsequent condensate return.

[0059] During the water replenishment process, the controller 20 needs to continuously monitor whether the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial liquid level to determine whether the water replenishment needs to be ended. If the controller 20 detects that the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial liquid level, it indicates that the water replenishment operation has been completed. Among them, the compressed air energy storage system can replenish the cooling tower CT with condensed water, that is, the water replenishment is completed before the compressor AC stops running, so that the liquid level of the cooling tower CT is restored to the preset initial liquid level; the compressed air energy storage system can also replenish the cooling tower CT with condensed water and pure water, that is, before the compressor AC stops running, condensed water is used for replenishment. If the condensed water is not enough to restore the cooling tower CT liquid level to the preset initial liquid level, pure water is used for replenishment after the compressor AC stops running, and finally the liquid level of the cooling tower CT is restored to the preset initial liquid level. When the liquid level in the cooling tower CT reaches the preset initial liquid level, the controller 20 closes the second valve V2 to end the water replenishment process, and opens the first valve V1 to allow the condensate precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS to flow into the water storage tank WT for storage.

[0060] In the aforementioned water replenishment operation, the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG falling below the corresponding preset liquid level threshold serves as the water replenishment trigger condition, and the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaching the preset initial liquid level serves as the water replenishment termination condition. The operating status of the compressor AC and the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG serve as the start conditions for the standby water replenishment operation. In summer operating conditions, the water replenishment operation prioritizes condensate replenishment. If condensate is insufficient, the water replenishment operation switches to pure water from the water storage tank WT.

[0061] The water replenishment operation under winter operating conditions will be combined with the water replenishment operation under spring and autumn operating conditions and the water replenishment operation under summer operating conditions. Specifically, the liquid level gauge LG is used to monitor the liquid level height of the cooling tower CT in real time. The controller 20 will continuously compare the liquid level data measured in real time by the liquid level gauge LG with the first preset liquid level range and the second preset liquid level range to determine whether there is a need for water replenishment. Among them, if the controller 20 detects that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG is within the first preset liquid level range, it indicates that there is a need for water replenishment, and the water replenishment operation is similar to the water replenishment operation under spring and autumn operating conditions, that is, the controller 20 controls the second valve V2 and the circulation pump PT2 to open and start the water replenishment process. After the second valve V2 is opened, the pure water stored in the water tank WT is transported to the filter FT through the circulation pump PT2 via the water storage pipe G2. In the filter FT, the pure water is filtered to ensure that the water quality meets the use requirements of the cooling tower CT. The filtered pure water is transported to the cooling tower CT through the water replenishment pipe G3 to perform the water replenishment operation on the cooling tower CT.

[0062] After the water replenishment operation, if the controller 20 monitors that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level meter LG reaches the preset initial liquid level, it indicates that there is no need to continue replenishing water to the cooling tower CT. Based on this, the controller 20 will control the second valve V2 and the circulation pump PT2 to close and stop the water replenishment operation.

[0063] The first preset liquid level range is comprised of preset thresholds corresponding to spring and autumn operating conditions and preset thresholds corresponding to winter operating conditions. For example, the first preset liquid level range may be: [50% of the preset initial liquid level, 60% of the preset initial liquid level]. In the aforementioned water replenishment operation, the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG falling within the first preset liquid level range serves as a water replenishment trigger condition, and the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaching the preset initial liquid level serves as a water replenishment termination condition.

[0064] In actual applications, the environment is relatively dry, but the winter temperature is far lower than the dew point of the corresponding compressed air. When it is further condensed by the heat exchanger HX and the cooler IC, a large amount of condensed water will be precipitated. Therefore, under winter operating conditions, the precipitated condensed water can also be used for water replenishment. Among them, if the controller 20 detects that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG is within the second preset liquid level range, it indicates that there is a need for water replenishment and the water replenishment operation is similar to the water replenishment operation under summer operating conditions. At this time, the controller 20 controls the first valve V1 to close and opens the second valve V2 to start the water replenishment process. In this case, the condensed water precipitated in the gas-liquid separator GS directly enters the filter FT for filtration treatment, and the filtered water is directly replenished to the cooling tower CT through the water replenishment pipe G3. If the controller 20 detects that the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG exceeds the second preset liquid level range, it indicates that there is no need to replenish water and there is no need to replenish water to the cooling tower CT. At this time, the controller 20 will control the circulation pump PT2 and the second valve V2 to close, and control the first valve V1 to open, so that the condensate precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS will not enter the water replenishment pipe G3, but will flow into the water storage tank WT for storage and be kept as a backup.

[0065] It is understandable that when compressor AC stops operating, the compressed air energy storage system cannot continue to use the condensate released from the gas-liquid separator GS to replenish the cooling tower CT. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether to activate the backup water source to replenish the cooling tower CT. When compressor AC stops operating, the controller 20 monitors whether the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial level to determine whether to terminate the water replenishment operation for the cooling tower CT. If the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG does not reach the preset initial level, it indicates that water replenishment to the cooling tower CT is still required. At this time, the gas-liquid separator GS no longer releases condensate, so the cooling tower CT needs to be replenished with pure water from the water tank WT. Based on this, the controller 20 controls the second valve V2 and the circulating pump PT2 to open, allowing the pure water in the water tank WT to be transported to the filter FT via the circulating pump PT2 and then enter the cooling tower CT through the water replenishment pipe G3 for replenishment. Simultaneously, the controller 20 also controls the first valve V1 to open to prepare for the subsequent condensate return.

[0066] During the water replenishment process, the controller 20 needs to continuously monitor whether the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial liquid level to determine whether the water replenishment needs to be ended. If the controller 20 detects that the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaches the preset initial liquid level, it indicates that the water replenishment operation has been completed. Among them, the compressed air energy storage system can replenish the cooling tower CT with condensed water, that is, the water replenishment is completed before the compressor AC stops running, so that the liquid level of the cooling tower CT is restored to the preset initial liquid level; the compressed air energy storage system can also replenish the cooling tower CT with condensed water and pure water, that is, before the compressor AC stops running, condensed water is used for replenishment. If the condensed water is not enough to restore the cooling tower CT liquid level to the preset initial liquid level, pure water is used for replenishment after the compressor AC stops running, and finally the liquid level of the cooling tower CT is restored to the preset initial liquid level. When the liquid level in the cooling tower CT reaches the preset initial liquid level, the controller 20 closes the second valve V2 to end the water replenishment process, and opens the first valve V1 to allow the condensate precipitated from the gas-liquid separator GS to flow into the water storage tank WT for storage.

[0067] It should be noted that under winter operating conditions, due to the low ambient temperature, a large amount of antifreeze needs to be added to the cooling tower CT in a timely manner to prevent freezing. The condensed water separated from the gas-liquid separator GS enters the buried pipe G1 through the first water pump P, and then enters the cooling tower CT through the water supply pipe G3. The condensed water entering the buried pipe G1 can absorb heat, causing the water temperature to increase by 5 to 8°C. Therefore, the condensed water entering the cooling tower CT can act as antifreeze and have an antifreeze effect, which can reduce the consumption of materials such as antifreeze to a certain extent.

[0068] The second preset liquid level range is composed of a preset threshold corresponding to winter operating conditions and a preset threshold corresponding to summer operating conditions. For example, the second preset liquid level range can be: [60% of the preset initial liquid level, 70% of the preset initial liquid level]. In the above-mentioned water replenishment operation, the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG being within the first preset liquid level range is used as a trigger condition for replenishing water using pure water in the water tank WT, and the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG being within the second preset liquid level range is used as a trigger condition for replenishing water using condensate water. The operating status of the compressor AC and the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG are used as the starting conditions for the standby water replenishment operation. The liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG reaching the preset initial liquid level is used as the termination condition for water replenishment.

[0069] The cooling tower CT is also equipped with a temperature sensor T and a pressure sensor PS. These sensors primarily monitor the temperature and pressure of the cooling water in the cooling tower CT in real time. During the water replenishment process, when these sensors detect changes in the cooling water temperature and pressure in the cooling tower CT, they promptly feed this information back to the controller 20. Based on this data, the controller 20 can control the opening of the second valve V2, thereby precisely controlling the replenishment flow rate and ensuring the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower CT. For example, the temperature sensor T monitors the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling tower CT in real time. When the water temperature rises, the controller 20 appropriately increases the opening of the second valve V2, increasing the replenishment flow rate and thus improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower CT. When the water temperature drops, the controller 20 appropriately decreases the opening of the second valve V2, reducing the replenishment flow rate. Similarly, the pressure sensor PS detects changes in the water pressure in the cooling tower CT in real time. When the water pressure is too high, the controller 20 will reduce the opening of the second valve V2 to prevent system overpressure. When the water pressure is too low, the controller 20 will increase the opening of the second valve V2 to ensure that the cooling tower CT receives sufficient water flow and maintains normal cooling effect.

[0070] In the above-mentioned highly efficient compressed air energy storage system, a liquid level gauge LG is provided for the cooling tower CT. The controller 20 compares the liquid level data measured by the liquid level gauge LG with a preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions to determine whether water replenishment is required for the cooling tower CT. The controller thereby controls the opening and closing of the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the first water pump P, and the circulating pump PT2, respectively. This allows the compressed air energy storage system to meet the water replenishment needs under different seasonal operating conditions, effectively utilizes the water resources released by the compressed air energy storage system, and enables the compressed air energy storage system to maintain efficient operation under different seasonal operating conditions, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0071] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a method for applying Figure 1 The water replenishment method for the compressed air energy storage system shown may include the following steps:

[0072] Step S101: Set preset liquid level thresholds corresponding to different seasonal operating conditions, and obtain the liquid level value of the cooling tower after the compressed air energy storage system starts operating.

[0073] Before the compressed air energy storage system begins operation, preset liquid level thresholds corresponding to different seasonal operating conditions are set. These thresholds are used to determine whether water replenishment operations need to be initiated. These thresholds can be customized based on the system's design requirements and the cooling tower's (CT) operational needs. For example, these thresholds can be set based on a preset initial liquid level. This initial liquid level refers to the starting height or level of cooling water in the cooling tower (CT) under specific conditions (e.g., at system startup or after water is added to the cooling tower (CT). This height is typically a standard water level set before the system begins normal operation. Using the preset initial liquid level as a reference point, preset liquid level thresholds are set for different seasonal operating conditions. For example, the threshold for summer operating conditions can be set to 70% of the initial level, for winter operating conditions to 60% of the initial level, and for spring and autumn operating conditions to 50% of the initial level.

[0074] After the compressed air energy storage system starts operating, the liquid level value of the cooling tower CT is obtained in real time through the liquid level meter LG, and this value is used as the basis for judging the water replenishment demand.

[0075] Step S102 , compare the liquid level value with a preset threshold value corresponding to the current seasonal operating condition, and control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the first water pump, and the circulating pump in the compressed air energy storage system according to the comparison result to start water replenishment.

[0076] The real-time liquid level value is compared with the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions to determine whether water replenishment needs to be initiated. If the liquid level value is lower than the preset liquid level threshold, it indicates that water replenishment is required and the water replenishment process begins. If the liquid level value is not lower than the preset liquid level threshold, it indicates that the cooling tower CT liquid level is normal and there is no need for water replenishment. The system can continue to monitor liquid level changes.

[0077] In the air compression energy storage system, water replenishment to the cooling tower CT is achieved by controlling the opening and closing states of the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the first water pump P, and the circulating pump PT2. However, the corresponding water replenishment operation varies in different seasonal operating conditions.

[0078] Under spring and autumn working conditions, the liquid level value being lower than the preset liquid level threshold is used as a water replenishment trigger condition. The controller 20 opens the first valve V1 and the first water pump P, and transports the condensed water precipitated in the gas-liquid separator GS to the water tank WT through the buried pipe G1. At the same time, the second valve V2 and the circulation pump PT2 are opened, and the pure water in the water tank WT is transported through the filter FT and the water replenishment pipe G3 to the cooling tower CT for water replenishment.

[0079] In summer, a water replenishment trigger is triggered when the liquid level falls below a preset threshold. Due to the high relative humidity of the ambient air, a large amount of condensate is deposited in the gas-liquid separator GS, leading to a high evaporation rate in the cooling tower CT. Therefore, condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS is prioritized for replenishment. By controlling the valve opening to directly replenish water to the cooling tower CT, the cooling effect can be maintained. Specifically, the controller 20 closes the first valve V1 and opens the second valve V2, directing the condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS through the filter FT and then via the water replenishment pipe G3 to the cooling tower CT for replenishment.

[0080] Under winter operating conditions, the current liquid level of the cooling tower CT is further subdivided into preset liquid level thresholds. If the current liquid level of the cooling tower CT is within the first preset liquid level range, a water replenishment operation similar to that under spring and autumn operating conditions is performed. The controller 20 opens the first valve V1 and the first water pump P, transferring condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS to the water storage tank WT via the underground pipe G1. Simultaneously, the second valve V2 and the circulating pump PT2 are opened, transferring pure water from the water storage tank WT through the filter FT and the water replenishment pipe G3 to the cooling tower CT for replenishment. If the current liquid level of the cooling tower CT is within the second preset liquid level range, a water replenishment operation similar to that under summer operating conditions is performed, preferentially utilizing condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS for replenishment. The controller 20 closes the first valve V1 and opens the second valve V2, transferring condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS through the filter FT and the water replenishment pipe G3 to the cooling tower CT for replenishment. Among them, the first preset liquid level range is composed of the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to winter working conditions and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to summer working conditions, and the second preset liquid level range is composed of the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to spring and autumn working conditions and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to winter working conditions.

[0081] After triggering the water replenishment operation, the liquid level measured by the level gauge LG must be continuously monitored to see if it reaches the preset initial level. This initial level serves as the water replenishment termination condition. When the liquid level measured by the level gauge LG reaches the preset initial level, water replenishment is terminated by closing the second valve V2 and circulating pump PT2. Simultaneously, during spring and autumn operating conditions, the first valve V1 and first water pump P remain open, allowing condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS to continue flowing into the water storage tank WT for backup. During summer operating conditions, the first valve V1 is reopened, allowing condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS to flow into the water storage tank WT for storage. During winter operating conditions, if water replenishment is being supplied by pure water from the water storage tank WT, the second valve V2 and circulating pump PT2 are closed, water replenishment is terminated, and the first valve V1 and first water pump P are reopened. If water replenishment is being supplied by condensate, the first valve V1 is reopened.

[0082] It should be noted that during spring and autumn operating conditions, since condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS is relatively low, water replenishment primarily relies on the backup water source in the water storage tank WT to conserve water resources. In summer operating conditions, the ambient humidity is high, and the amount of condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS is relatively high. Therefore, condensate is prioritized for replenishment, reducing reliance on the backup water source in the water storage tank WT. In winter operating conditions, temperatures are far below the dew point of the corresponding compressed air. Further condensation in the heat exchanger HX and cooler IC results in a large amount of condensate, so condensate can also be used for replenishment.

[0083] In practice, when the compressor AC stops operating normally (e.g., due to a scheduled shutdown or when energy storage requirements are met), ambient air is no longer drawn into the system, preventing the gas-liquid separator GS from releasing new condensate. In this case, the compressed air energy storage system cannot continue to use the condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS to replenish the cooling tower CT. If replenishment is still required, a backup water source must be activated to replenish the cooling tower CT.

[0084] If the liquid level measured by the liquid level gauge LG does not reach the preset initial level while the compressor AC is stopped, it indicates that the cooling tower CT still needs to be replenished with water. This requires the use of pure water from the water tank WT. To this end, the first valve V1, the second valve V2, and the circulating pump PT2 are controlled to open, allowing the pure water from the water tank WT to be transported to the filter FT via the circulating pump PT2 and then to the cooling tower CT via the replenishment pipe G3.

[0085] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The working flow diagram of the compressed air energy storage system is shown below. Figure 3 The working of the compressed air energy storage system is explained in detail.

[0086] Step 1: Set the preset initial liquid level of the cooling tower CT.

[0087] In step 2, the compressed air energy storage system begins operation, compressing the humid air in the environment in the compressor AC of each stage of the processing unit 10. The air is then cooled in the heat exchanger HX and condensed to approximately ambient temperature in the cooler IC. Finally, the air enters the gas-liquid separator GS, where the condensed water is separated from the bottom of the gas-liquid separator GS. The cooling water used for heat exchange in the cooler IC is provided by the cooling tower CT.

[0088] Step 3: Turn on the first water pump P to pass the condensed water separated by the gas-liquid separator GS into the water storage tank WT for storage.

[0089] Step 4: Determine the liquid level of the cooling tower CT.

[0090] Step 5: During spring and autumn operating conditions, if the cooling tower CT liquid level falls below the preset threshold for spring and autumn operating conditions, the second valve V2 is opened. Pure water stored in the water tank WT is filtered through the circulating pump PT2 to the filter FT before entering the cooling tower CT for replenishment. During the replenishment process, a determination is made as to whether the liquid level has returned to its initial level. If the cooling tower CT liquid level is not below the preset threshold for spring and autumn operating conditions, or if the cooling tower CT liquid level reaches its initial level after replenishment, the second valve V2 is closed.

[0091] Step 6: During summer operation, if the cooling tower CT liquid level falls below the preset threshold, the first valve V1 is closed and the second valve V2 is opened. Condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS is directly filtered into the filter FT and then replenishes the cooling tower CT. If the cooling tower CT liquid level is not below the preset threshold, the circulating pump PT2 and the second valve V2 are closed, and the first valve V1 is opened to store the condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS in the water storage tank WT.

[0092] During the water replenishment process, the system continuously monitors whether it is operating. This status primarily refers to whether compressor AC is compressing air. If the system is stopped (i.e., compressor AC is not compressing air), the system determines whether the liquid level in cooling tower CT has reached its initial level. If not, the first valve V1 is opened and the second valve V2 is closed. The backup water in water tank WT is filtered through filter FT via circulating pump PT2 and then fed into cooling tower CT for replenishment. If the system is still operating and the liquid level in cooling tower CT has not reached its initial level, the water replenishment operation continues until it returns to the initial level. If the system is still operating and the liquid level in cooling tower CT has reached its initial level, the first valve V1 is opened and the second valve V2 is closed, allowing the condensate from gas-liquid separator GS to be stored in water tank WT.

[0093] Step 7: During winter operating conditions, if the cooling tower CT liquid level is within the first preset range, water replenishment procedures similar to those used during spring and autumn operating conditions are performed. The second valve V2 is opened, and pure water stored in the water tank WT is filtered through the circulating pump PT2 to the filter FT before entering the cooling tower CT for replenishment. During the replenishment process, a determination is made as to whether the liquid level has returned to its initial level. If the cooling tower CT liquid level is not within the first preset range, or if the cooling tower CT liquid level reaches its initial level after replenishment, the second valve V2 is closed.

[0094] If the cooling tower CT liquid level is within the second preset range, water replenishment is performed, similar to winter operating conditions. The first valve V1 is closed, and the second valve V2 is opened. Condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS is directly filtered into the filter FT before replenishing the cooling tower CT. If the cooling tower CT liquid level is not within the second preset range, the circulating pump PT2 and the second valve V2 are shut down, and the first valve V1 is opened to store the condensate from the gas-liquid separator GS in the water storage tank WT.

[0095] During the water replenishment process, the system continuously monitors whether it is operating. If the system is stopped (i.e., compressor AC is not compressing air), the system determines whether the liquid level in cooling tower CT has reached the initial level. If not, the first valve V1 is opened and the second valve V2 is closed. The backup water in water tank WT is filtered through filter FT via circulating pump PT2 and then enters cooling tower CT for replenishment. If the system is still operating and the liquid level in cooling tower CT has not reached the initial level, the water replenishment operation continues until the level returns to the initial level. If the system is still operating and the liquid level in cooling tower CT has reached the initial level, the first valve V1 is opened and the second valve V2 is closed, allowing the condensate from gas-liquid separator GS to be stored in water tank WT.

[0096] In the aforementioned water replenishment method for the compressed air energy storage system, by comparing the liquid level of the cooling tower CT with a preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the seasonal operating conditions, the opening and closing of the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the first water pump P, and the circulating pump PT2 in the compressed air energy storage system are controlled, thereby meeting the water replenishment needs of different seasonal operating conditions and ensuring the normal operation of the compressed air energy storage system under different seasonal operating conditions.

[0097] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device), or in conjunction with such instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, or in conjunction with such instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection portion having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in another suitable manner if necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0098] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0099] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0100] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0101] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that: Includes multi-stage processing units, circulation pumps, cooling towers, water storage tanks and controllers; The processing unit includes a compressor, a heat exchanger, a cooler, and a gas-liquid separator connected in sequence, and is used to compress, heat exchange, cool, and separate gas and liquid from air; the air separated in the gas-liquid separator enters the next-level processing unit for circulation processing; the condensed water separated in the gas-liquid separator flows into the water storage tank via a first water pump and an underground pipeline; wherein the underground pipeline is provided with a first valve; The cooling tower is provided with a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is provided with a second valve; wherein the condensed water separated inside the gas-liquid separator passes through the buried pipe and the filter, and enters the cooling tower through the water supply pipe; the water stored in the water storage tank passes through the circulating pump through the water storage pipe and enters the filter, and then enters the cooling tower through the water supply pipe; The cooling water inside the cooling tower enters each stage of the cooler through the water supply pipe through the second water pump, and then returns to the cooling tower through the return pipe; The cooling tower is equipped with a liquid level gauge; the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the first water pump and the circulation pump to start water replenishment based on the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions.

2. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current seasonal operating condition is spring or autumn and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge is lower than the corresponding preset liquid level threshold, or when the current seasonal operating condition is winter and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge is within the first preset liquid level range, the controller controls the first valve, the second valve, the circulation pump and the first water pump to open respectively, and controls the second valve and the circulation pump to close when the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge reaches the preset initial liquid level; wherein, the first preset liquid level range is composed of the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the winter operating condition and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the summer operating condition.

3. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the current seasonal operating condition is a summer operating condition and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge is lower than the corresponding preset liquid level threshold, or when the current seasonal operating condition is a winter operating condition and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level gauge is within a second preset liquid level range, the controller controls the first valve to close and the second valve to open; wherein, the second preset liquid level range is composed of the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn operating conditions and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the winter operating conditions.

4. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the current seasonal operating condition is a summer operating condition and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level meter is greater than or equal to the corresponding preset liquid level threshold, or when the current seasonal operating condition is a winter operating condition and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level meter exceeds the second preset liquid level range, the controller is used to respectively control the circulation pump and the second valve to close, and control the first valve to open.

5. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: If the compressor stops running and the liquid level value measured by the liquid level meter does not reach the preset initial liquid level, the controller is used to control the first valve, the second valve and the circulation pump to open respectively.

6. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: When the liquid level value measured by the liquid level meter reaches a preset initial liquid level, the controller is used to control the first valve to open and control the second valve to close.

7. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The cooling tower is further equipped with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing degree of the second valve according to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

8. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: When the compressed air energy storage system is in operation, the controller is used to control the first valve and all the first water pumps to open, so as to store condensed water precipitated from the processing unit of each stage through the water storage tank.

9. The highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the seasonal operating conditions is set based on the initial liquid level, wherein the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the spring and autumn operating conditions is lower than the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the winter operating conditions, and the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the winter operating conditions is lower than the preset liquid level threshold corresponding to the summer operating conditions.

10. A water replenishment method for a compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that: Applied to the highly efficient compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: Setting preset liquid level thresholds corresponding to different seasonal operating conditions, and obtaining the liquid level value of the cooling tower after the compressed air energy storage system starts operating; The liquid level value is compared with a preset threshold value corresponding to the current seasonal operating conditions, and the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the first water pump and the circulating pump in the compressed air energy storage system are controlled according to the comparison result to start water replenishment.

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