Pneumatic clutch special for mining machinery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pneumatic clutches, and particularly relates to a special pneumatic clutch for mining machinery, which comprises a shell and a star wheel fixedly arranged on one side of the shell, the other side of the shell is connected with a drum wheel, brake shoes are arranged in the shell in an array mode, a first air bag is sleeved on the brake shoes, and a plurality of torque rods are arranged in the shell in an array mode. A reset elastic piece is arranged between the torque rod and the brake shoe, and a dustproof plate is arranged on the shell in a sliding mode. According to the special pneumatic clutch for the mining machinery, the brake shoe extrudes the reset elastic piece to be linked with the push-pull mechanism, so that a friction ring on the dustproof plate is tightly attached to the end face of a drum wheel, torque transmission is assisted, dust invasion is effectively prevented through a sealed ventilation opening, and a second air bag in the axial limiting mechanism expands to push the friction plate to axially press a hub of the drum wheel; two-way clamping is formed by the star wheel and the dustproof plate, the transmission stability of the drum wheel is remarkably enhanced, axial movement of the drum wheel is effectively restrained, and a heat dissipation opening A of the star wheel and a heat dissipation opening B of the dustproof plate are matched with the inclined blades and ventilation openings of the side plates to form an efficient airflow channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pneumatic clutches, and in particular relates to a pneumatic clutch special for mining machinery. Background Art

[0002] A pneumatic clutch is a mechanical transmission device that uses air pressure to push a friction element, which in turn engages a driven element to transmit torque. It primarily consists of a driving component, a driven component, an actuator, and a control system. During operation, compressed air is injected into the actuator, causing it to move the friction surfaces, achieving power engagement and transmission. When air is exhausted, the actuator contracts, separating the friction surfaces and interrupting power transmission. It features smooth engagement, strong overload protection, a compact structure, convenient operation, and the ability to engage and disengage at high speeds. It is widely used in mining machinery, textile machinery, printing machinery, lifting and transportation equipment, and other fields, meeting the demand for flexible power transmission control under diverse operating conditions.

[0003] Existing clutches generally use a single radial friction torque transmission method. When faced with frequent starts and stops, heavy load impacts, and irregular axial force fluctuations, it is difficult to maintain stable power transmission. This not only easily causes power interruptions, but also accelerates abnormal wear of key components such as brake shoes and friction linings, significantly shortening the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the traditional clutch dustproof design has serious defects. In a mining environment, dust can easily penetrate the internal cavity through the gap between the brake shoe and the driving shaft of the drum, exacerbating component wear and causing rapid degradation of clutch performance. Frequent maintenance requirements also greatly increase operating costs and downtime. To effectively solve the above technical problems and improve the reliability and operating efficiency of mining machinery, it is urgent to develop a dedicated pneumatic clutch with anti-axial force interference and efficient dustproof functions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a dust-proof and heat-dissipating pneumatic clutch for mining machinery that can suppress axial movement and assist in transmitting torque.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A pneumatic clutch for mining machinery, comprising a housing and a star wheel fixedly mounted on one side of the housing, a drum wheel connected to the other side of the housing, a plurality of brake shoes arranged in an array within the housing, a first airbag sleeved on the brake shoes, a plurality of torque rods arranged in an array within the housing, a reset spring plate arranged between the torque rods and the brake shoes, and a dustproof plate slidably mounted on the housing; Also included are: A driving shaft, which is fixedly mounted on the star wheel, is a hollow shaft connected to an air pump, and the interior of the driving shaft is in communication with the first airbag; A push-pull mechanism is provided on the torque rod, and the dust-proof plate is connected to the push-pull mechanism. After the brake shoe is actuated to squeeze the reset spring piece, the dust-proof plate is driven to cling to the drum surface through the push-pull mechanism. An axial limiting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the star wheel, and cooperates with the dustproof plate to clamp the drum wheel.

[0006] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a sliding groove is provided on the torque rod, insertion rods are fixedly provided at both ends of the torque rod, and both ends of the reset spring are in contact with the torque rod.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the push-pull mechanism includes a push-pull rod, which slides through one end of the push-pull rod and is inserted into the rod. A slider is slidingly arranged in the slide groove, and the slider is fixedly connected to the push-pull rod. A connecting rod is hingedly arranged between the slider and the reset spring sheet. The push-pull rod is provided with a threaded end at one end away from the slider, and the threaded end passes through the dustproof plate. Two nuts are provided on the threaded end.

[0008] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, side plates are provided on both sides of the shell, ventilation holes are opened on the side plates, the insertion rod passes through the side plates, the torque rod is connected to the side plates through the insertion rod, and the side plates clamp the torque rod.

[0009] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, multiple holes are opened on the brake shoe, a torque rod is arranged in one of the holes, the reset spring is in contact with the inner wall of the hole, a friction lining is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the brake shoe, and the brake shoe is arranged around the drum wheel.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipation openings B are provided on the dustproof plate, a friction ring is fixedly provided on the dustproof plate, the dustproof plate is fixed on the push-pull rod through a nut, a spring is provided on the push-pull rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the side plate and the dustproof plate.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the axial limiting mechanism includes a hollow column, a connecting plate is provided at one end of the hollow column, the hollow column is fixedly connected to the star wheel through the connecting plate, a second airbag is fixedly provided at the other end of the hollow column, a friction plate is fixedly provided on the second airbag, and a second air pipe is provided on the second airbag.

[0012] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a heat dissipation port A is provided on the star wheel, a plurality of blades are obliquely arranged in the heat dissipation port A, and dust filter plates are provided on both the heat dissipation port A and the heat dissipation port B.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a rotary joint is rotatably provided on the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected to the air pump through the rotary joint, a first air tube is provided on the first airbag, and the first air tube and the second air tube are both connected to the inside of the driving shaft.

[0014] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a drum hub is provided on the drum, and the drum is sleeved on the hollow column.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Different from the existing technology, in actual use, the brake shoe squeezes the reset spring to link the push-pull mechanism, so that the friction ring on the dustproof plate is close to the end face of the drum wheel, which not only assists in transmitting torque, but also effectively blocks dust intrusion by sealing the vents.

[0016] 2. Different from the existing technology, in actual use, the second airbag in the axial limiting mechanism expands and pushes the friction plate to axially press the drum hub, forming a two-way clamping with the dustproof plate, which significantly enhances the transmission stability of the drum and effectively suppresses its axial movement.

[0017] 3. Different from the existing technology, in actual use, the heat dissipation port A of the star wheel and the heat dissipation port B of the dustproof plate cooperate with the inclined blades and the ventilation holes of the side plates to form an efficient airflow channel, which, together with the dustproof filter plate, can achieve rapid heat dissipation while preventing dust from entering the internal structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This invention Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram; Figure 3 This invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of explosion structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the shell of the present invention; Figure 5 This invention Figure 4 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the push-pull mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shell connection structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the star wheel connection structure of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dustproof plate of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the drum structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Shell; 11. Side plate; 12. Ventilation port; 2. Drive shaft; 21. Rotary joint; 3. Star wheel; 31. Heat dissipation port A; 32. Blade; 4. Drum; 41. Drum hub; 5. Brake shoe; 51. Cavity; 52. Friction lining; 6. First air bag; 61. First air pipe; 7. Torque rod; 71. Slide groove; 72. Insert rod; 73. Reset spring; 8. Push-pull mechanism; 81. Push-pull rod; 82. Slider; 83. Connecting rod; 84. Threaded end; 9. Axial limiting mechanism; 91. Hollow column; 92. Connecting plate; 93. Second air bag; 94. Friction plate; 95. Second air pipe; 10. Dustproof plate; 101. Heat dissipation port B; 102. Friction ring; 103. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0021] Example 1: Figure 1 - Figure 10 As shown, a pneumatic clutch for mining machinery includes a housing 1 and a star wheel 3 fixedly arranged on one side of the housing 1. The star wheel 3 is provided with a heat dissipation port A31. A plurality of blades 32 are arranged obliquely in the heat dissipation port A31. The heat dissipation port A31 cooperates with the blades 32 to use air flow to remove heat when the clutch is running, effectively reducing the internal temperature, preventing components from being damaged by high temperature, and extending the service life. Side plates 11 are provided on both sides of the housing 1, and vents 12 are provided on the side plates 11. A drum wheel 4 is connected to the other side of the housing 1, and a drum wheel hub 41 is provided on the drum wheel 4. It is connected to the driven shaft through the drum hub 41, and a plurality of brake shoes 5 are arranged in an array in the shell 1. The brake shoes 5 are sleeved with a first airbag 6. A plurality of torque rods 7 are arranged in an array in the shell 1. A driving shaft 2 is fixedly provided on the star wheel 3. The driving shaft 2 is connected to the output motor through a transmission system. The driving shaft 2 is a hollow shaft. A rotary joint 21 is rotatably provided on the driving shaft 2. The driving shaft 2 is connected to the air pump through the rotary joint 21. The driving shaft 2 is connected to the first airbag 6, which can realize stable air pressure transmission, ensure the normal operation of the first airbag 6, and provide reliable power for the engagement and separation of the clutch.

[0022] A slide groove 71 is provided on the torque rod 7, and an insertion rod 72 is fixedly provided at both ends of the torque rod 7. A reset spring piece 73 is provided between the torque rod 7 and the brake shoe 5. Both ends of the reset spring piece 73 abut against the torque rod 7, and the insertion rod 72 passes through the side plate 11. The side plate 11 clamps the torque rod 7. The reset spring piece 73 can push the brake shoe 5 to reset quickly after the air pressure is released, so that the clutch is quickly disengaged. At the same time, the clamping effect of the torque rod 7 by the side plate 11 enhances the rigidity of the overall structure and ensures stable operation under heavy load conditions.

[0023] A push-pull mechanism 8 is provided on the torque rod 7, and a dustproof plate 10 is slidably provided on the shell 1. The dustproof plate 10 is connected to the push-pull mechanism 8, and the brake shoe 5 radially displaces and squeezes the reset spring piece 73. The reset spring piece 73 drives the dustproof plate 10 to be close to the surface of the drum wheel 4 through the push-pull mechanism 8; the push-pull mechanism 8 includes a push-pull rod 81, and the push-pull rod 81 slides through the insertion rod 72 at one end. A slider 82 is slidably provided in the slide groove 71, and the slider 82 is fixedly connected to the push-pull rod 81. A connecting rod 83 is hingedly provided between the slider 82 and the reset spring piece 73. A threaded end 84 is provided at the end of the push-pull rod 81 away from the slider 82. The threaded end 84 penetrates the dustproof plate 10, and two nuts are provided on the threaded end 84, so that the dustproof plate 10 is fixed on the push-pull rod 81 through the nuts. A friction ring 102 is fixedly provided on the dustproof plate 10, and the drum wheel 4 is provided with a corresponding position of the friction ring 102 A friction surface is provided, and a spring 103 is provided on the push-pull rod 81. The two ends of the spring 103 are respectively connected to the side plate 11 and the dust plate 10. The push-pull mechanism 8 links the movement of the brake shoe 5 with the action of the dust plate 10. When the clutch is engaged, the dust plate 10 moves toward the drum 4, and the friction surface of the friction ring 102 fits with the friction surface on the drum 4. The friction ring 102 can not only assist in transmitting torque and improve the power transmission efficiency of the clutch, but also effectively prevent dust from entering through the gap between the brake shoe 5 and the drum 4, reducing wear on internal components; the nut can fix the position between the dust plate 10 and the push-pull rod 81, and the spring 103 provides a reset elastic force for the dust plate 10 to ensure that the dust plate 10 can be returned in time when the clutch is disengaged. The slide groove 71 cooperates with the slider 82 and other components to convert the radial movement of the brake shoe 5 into axial movement of the dust plate 10.

[0024] A plurality of cavities 51 are provided on the brake shoe 5, a torque rod 7 is arranged in one of the cavities 51, a reset spring piece 73 abuts against the inner wall of the cavity 51, a friction lining 52 is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the brake shoe 5, and the brake shoe 5 is arranged around the drum 4. The cavity 51 provides installation space for the reset spring piece 73 and the torque rod 7, making the structural layout compact, reducing the overall weight of the brake shoe 5, and increasing the heat dissipation area of the brake shoe 5; the friction lining 52 increases the friction between the brake shoe 5 and the drum 4, ensuring reliable torque transmission, and ensuring stable power transmission and avoiding slipping even in the heavy load and vibration environment of the mining machinery.

[0025] The dustproof plate 10 is provided with multiple heat dissipation ports B101, which together with the ventilation ports 12 and the heat dissipation ports A31 on the side plate 11 constitute a heat dissipation channel, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency; the heat dissipation ports A31 and the heat dissipation ports B101 are both provided with dustproof filter plates, which cooperate with the heat dissipation ports A31 and the ventilation ports 12 to dissipate heat, ensuring that the temperature of the clutch is within a reasonable range during long-term operation; the dustproof filter plates can prevent dust from entering the interior through the heat dissipation ports, avoiding wear on components caused by dust, and improving the reliability and durability of the clutch.

[0026] An axial limiting mechanism 9 is fixedly provided on the star wheel 3. After the axial limiting mechanism 9 is actuated, it cooperates with the dustproof plate 10 to clamp the drum wheel 4. The axial limiting mechanism 9 includes a hollow column 91. A connecting plate 92 is provided at one end of the hollow column 91. The hollow column 91 is fixedly connected to the star wheel 3 through the connecting plate 92. The drum wheel 4 is sleeved on the hollow column 91. A second airbag 93 is fixedly provided at the other end of the hollow column 91. A friction plate 94 is fixedly provided on the second airbag 93. A second air pipe 95 is provided on the second airbag 93. A first air pipe 61 is provided on the first airbag 6. The first air pipe 61 and the second air pipe 95 are both connected and communicated with the inside of the driving shaft 2. The axial limiting mechanism 9 pushes the friction plate 94 toward the drum 4 by expanding the second airbag 93. The friction surface of the friction plate 94 presses the side wall of the connection between the drum hub 41 and the drum 4. The side wall is provided with a friction surface at a position corresponding to the friction plate 94. The friction plate 94 and the dustproof plate 10 form a two-way clamp, which effectively limits the axial movement of the drum 4, enhances the transmission stability, and prevents power loss or component damage caused by the movement of the drum 4. It is particularly suitable for the complex and changeable operating conditions of mining machinery.

[0027] It should be noted that the working principle of the pneumatic clutch for mining machinery is as follows: when the air pump is started, compressed air is injected into the hollow driving shaft 2 through the rotary joint 21, and is accurately delivered to the first air bag 6 through the first air pipe 61. As the air pressure increases, the first air bag 6 expands evenly in an annular shape, and by virtue of the elastic deformation of the rubber and fiber materials, the brake shoe 5 is pushed radially toward the drum 4. At this time, the friction lining 52 on the lower surface of the brake shoe 5 fits tightly with the drum 4, and the torque of the driving shaft 2 is transmitted to the drum 4 through friction, driving the load to operate. It is worth noting that during the movement of the brake shoe 5, it will squeeze the reset spring 73 to cause it to undergo elastic deformation, and the brake shoe 5 will be pushed radially toward the drum 4. The shoe 5 undergoes radial displacement, which is then converted into axial sliding of the slider 82 in the slide groove 71 of the torque rod 7 through the connecting rod 83, thereby driving the push-pull rod 81 to move synchronously. The push-pull rod 81 overcomes the preload of the spring 103 and quickly pushes the dustproof plate 10 to the end face of the drum 4, so that the friction ring 102 on the dustproof plate 10 is in close contact with the friction surface on the drum 4. The friction ring 102 can not only assist in transmitting part of the torque, but more importantly, its fit with the drum 4 forms a sealing barrier, which effectively prevents dust from entering the cavity 51 of the brake shoe 5 through the vent 12 on the side plate 11, thereby avoiding the erosion of the internal structure by dust. At the same time, the second air pipe 95 introduces compressed air into the second airbag 93. After the second airbag 93 expands, it pushes the friction plate 94 to axially press the drum hub 41. At this time, the friction plate 94 and the dustproof plate 10 in the axial limiting mechanism 9 form a two-way clamp on the drum 4 from both axial ends. This unique clamping structure can effectively resist the axial force fluctuations generated during the operation of the mining machinery, ensure that the drum 4 maintains stable operation under complex working conditions, and avoid power loss and component wear caused by axial movement. At the same time, the heat dissipation port A31 on the star wheel 3 and the heat dissipation port B101 of the dustproof plate 10, under the guidance of the inclined blades 32, together with the ventilation port 12 of the side plate 11, form a three-dimensional heat dissipation channel. The heat generated during the operation of the clutch is quickly dissipated through natural convection and forced convection of the air, and the dustproof filter plates at the heat dissipation port A31 and the heat dissipation port B101 adopt a special aperture design to intercept dust particles while ensuring smooth ventilation, thereby achieving the dual functions of heat dissipation and dust prevention.

[0028] When it is necessary to cut off the power transmission, the compressed air in the system is released through the air pump. After the internal air pressure of the first airbag 6 and the second airbag 93 is reduced, they quickly shrink and reset by relying on their own elasticity. At this time, the reset spring 73 relies on the stored elastic potential energy to quickly push the brake shoe 5 away from the drum 4, so that the friction lining 52 is out of contact with the drum 4, interrupting the torque transmission. At the same time, the push-pull rod 81 drives the dust plate 10 to retreat under the elastic force of the spring 103, releasing the seal and auxiliary transmission on the end face of the drum 4. After the second airbag 93 shrinks, the friction plate 94 also releases the clamping of the drum hub 41, and the drum 4 can rotate freely. The clutch completes the entire separation process. This rapid response mechanism can meet the operational requirements of frequent start and stop of mining machinery and improve the working efficiency and safety of the equipment.

[0029] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic clutch for mining machinery, comprising a housing (1) and a star wheel (3) fixedly arranged on one side of the housing (1), a drum wheel (4) connected to the other side of the housing (1), a plurality of brake shoes (5) arranged in an array in the housing (1), a first air bag (6) being provided on the brake shoe (5), and characterized in that: A plurality of torque rods (7) are arranged in an array within the housing (1), a reset spring (73) is provided between the torque rods (7) and the brake shoe (5), and a dustproof plate (10) is slidably provided on the housing (1); Also included are: A driving shaft (2), the driving shaft (2) being fixedly arranged on the star wheel (3), the driving shaft (2) being a hollow shaft and connected to an air pump, the interior of the driving shaft (2) being in communication with the first airbag (6); A push-pull mechanism (8), wherein the push-pull mechanism (8) is arranged on the torque rod (7), and the dustproof plate (10) is connected to the push-pull mechanism (8). After the brake shoe (5) moves and squeezes the reset spring (73), the dustproof plate (10) is driven to be in close contact with the surface of the drum wheel (4) through the push-pull mechanism (8); An axial limiting mechanism (9) is fixedly arranged on the star wheel (3), and the axial limiting mechanism (9) cooperates with the dustproof plate (10) to clamp the drum wheel (4).

2. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding groove (71) is provided on the torque rod (7), and insertion rods (72) are fixedly provided at both ends of the torque rod (7), and both ends of the reset spring (73) abut against the torque rod (7).

3. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The push-pull mechanism (8) includes a push-pull rod (81), the push-pull rod (81) slides through one end of the insertion rod (72), a slider (82) is slidably provided in the slide groove (71), the slider (82) is fixedly connected to the push-pull rod (81), a connecting rod (83) is hingedly provided between the slider (82) and the reset spring (73), and a threaded end (84) is provided at one end of the push-pull rod (81) away from the slider (82), the threaded end (84) penetrates the dustproof plate (10), and two nuts are provided on the threaded end (84).

4. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: Side plates (11) are provided on both sides of the shell (1), and ventilation holes (12) are provided on the side plates (11). The insertion rod (72) passes through the side plates (11), and the torque rod (7) is connected to the side plates (11) via the insertion rod (72). The side plates (11) clamp the torque rod (7).

5. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The brake shoe (5) is provided with a plurality of cavities (51), a torque rod (7) is arranged in one of the cavities (51), the reset spring (73) abuts against the inner wall of the cavity (51), a friction lining (52) is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the brake shoe (5), and the brake shoe (5) is arranged around the drum wheel (4).

6. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dustproof plate (10) is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation openings B (101), a friction ring (102) is fixedly provided on the dustproof plate (10), the dustproof plate (10) is fixed on the push-pull rod (81) through a nut, a spring (103) is sleeved on the push-pull rod (81), and the two ends of the spring (103) are respectively connected to the side plate (11) and the dustproof plate (10).

7. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial limiting mechanism (9) includes a hollow column (91), one end of the hollow column (91) is provided with a connecting plate (92), the hollow column (91) is fixedly connected to the star wheel (3) via the connecting plate (92), the other end of the hollow column (91) is fixedly provided with a second air bag (93), a friction plate (94) is fixedly provided on the second air bag (93), and a second air pipe (95) is provided on the second air bag (93).

8. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heat dissipation port A (31) is provided on the star wheel (3), a plurality of blades (32) are obliquely arranged in the heat dissipation port A (31), and dust filter plates are provided on both the heat dissipation port A (31) and the heat dissipation port B (101).

9. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rotary joint (21) is rotatably provided on the driving shaft (2), and the driving shaft (2) is connected to the air pump via the rotary joint (21). A first air tube (61) is provided on the first air bag (6), and both the first air tube (61) and the second air tube (95) are connected to the interior of the driving shaft (2).

10. The pneumatic clutch for mining machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drum hub (41) is provided on the drum (4), and the drum (4) is sleeved on the hollow column (91).

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