Pipe heating and insulation device and use method, nuclear fusion reactor

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of nuclear fusion reactor technology and discloses a pipeline heating and insulation device and its usage method, as well as a nuclear fusion reactor. The device includes annular heating and insulation units connected in series axially. Each annular heating and insulation unit comprises multiple circumferentially parallel and detachable heating and insulation modules, which are mainly made of metal. Within each heating and insulation module, two mounting base plates are arranged circumferentially and opposite to each other. An electric heating layer is positioned between the two mounting base plates. A metal insulation layer is arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating layer, achieving insulation through reflected radiation. This invention offers convenient assembly, disassembly, and maintenance, excellent heating and insulation effects, a wide applicable temperature range, and good versatility. It effectively prevents water vapor condensation and accumulation in the overpressure relief pipeline of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and can help detritonize the inner wall of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipeline through high-temperature baking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion reactor technology, and in particular to a pipe heating and insulation device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor may leak cooling water due to internal malfunctions. The leaked cooling water will rapidly vaporize and expand into water vapor in the high temperature and vacuum environment, eventually causing the pressure inside the vacuum chamber to rise rapidly. If the pressure cannot be released in time, it may damage the vacuum chamber and its connecting components.

[0003] To avoid serious consequences that could easily damage the vacuum chamber and its connecting components, an overpressure relief protection system for the vacuum chamber must be installed. Water vapor is released and condensed through a relief pipe. However, water vapor may condense and accumulate in the relief pipe, and high-temperature baking to remove tritium is required during maintenance. Therefore, heating and insulation technology is needed for the relief pipe. Existing pipe insulation and heating technologies generally use heating cables wrapped around the pipe and conventional polymer insulation materials for insulation. This has several problems, such as inconvenient installation and maintenance, susceptibility to poor-quality pollution, and the large axial temperature gradient and uneven temperature distribution of traditional electric heating systems relying on linear heating cables, which can easily lead to localized overheating or underheating. Furthermore, conventional polymer insulation materials are prone to aging and catalysis under radiation, potentially leading to insulation failure. Therefore, existing pipe insulation and heating technologies are not suitable for use in the relief pipes of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to provide a pipeline heating and insulation device that is easy to assemble, disassemble, and maintain; has good heating and insulation effects; a wide applicable temperature range; stable properties; and good versatility. It can be applied to overpressure relief pipelines in the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor, heating and insulating the pipeline during operation to effectively prevent water vapor condensation and accumulation in the pipeline and to provide high temperatures for tritium removal during maintenance.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for using a pipeline heating and insulation device.

[0006] The third objective of this invention is to propose a nuclear fusion reactor.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a pipe heating and insulation device includes annular heating and insulation units connected in series axially. Each annular heating and insulation unit includes multiple circumferentially parallel and detachable heating and insulation modules. The heating and insulation modules are mainly made of metal materials. The heating and insulation modules include:

[0008] There are two mounting base plates, which are arranged opposite each other at intervals along the circumference of the heating and insulation module.

[0009] An electric heating layer, which is arc-shaped, is disposed between the two mounting base plates and its two circumferential ends are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates;

[0010] The metal insulation layer is arc-shaped and arranged on the outer periphery of the electric heating layer with a gap between them. The two circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates. The metal insulation layer achieves heat preservation by reflecting radiation.

[0011] According to a first aspect embodiment of the pipeline heating and insulation device, in use, the heating and insulation modules are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipeline on the outer periphery of the pipeline. The circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules are detachably connected through adjacent mounting base plates to form an annular heating and insulation unit. The annular heating and insulation units are connected in series along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the electric heating layers of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules are electrically connected. After the heating and insulation device is installed, the electric heating layers of each heating and insulation module in the first annular heating and insulation unit are energized along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

[0012] The pipeline heating and insulation device according to the first aspect of the present invention has the following advantages: Firstly, the pipeline heating and insulation device adopts a modular design of the heating and insulation module. By simultaneously integrating the electric heating layer and the metal insulation layer between two mounting base plates, a modular design integrating heating and insulation functions is formed. The space occupied by the heating and insulation module itself, and the space occupied by the electric heating layer and the metal insulation layer within the heating and insulation module, are independent of each other. This facilitates installation and maintenance on overpressure relief pipelines in nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chambers with irradiation environments, or on pipelines in other technical fields, improving installation reliability and reducing on-site assembly and disassembly workload. Secondly, the electric heating layer is arranged around the outer periphery of the pipeline, resulting in uniform temperature distribution during heating. The metal insulation layer is arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating layer, reflecting radiation and hindering radiation conduction, thus enhancing the insulation effect. Furthermore, the metal insulation layer... In irradiated environments, it is more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials. Furthermore, the heating and insulation module is primarily constructed of metal, producing no pollutants similar to those found in polymer insulation layers, making it resistant to radiation environments. It also boasts a wide applicable temperature range, high mechanical strength, stable properties, and resistance to corrosion by environmental media. It can be applied to overpressure relief pipelines in nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chambers or other technical fields requiring heating and insulation, demonstrating good versatility. Moreover, the metal insulation layer utilizes the principle of radiation reflection to hinder radiation conduction, enhancing the insulation effect. Simultaneously, the high mechanical strength of the metal insulation layer makes it more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials in irradiated environments. The electric heating layer can uniformly heat the pipeline. Furthermore, the size design of the pipeline heating and insulation device according to the required pipeline size can be matched to the first aspect of this invention, greatly enhancing the versatility of the pipeline heating and insulation device according to the first aspect of this invention.

[0013] The pipeline heating and insulation device of the first aspect of the present invention is applied to the overpressure relief pipeline of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor. When the vacuum chamber relief pipeline is in operation, it heats and insulates the vacuum chamber relief pipeline, which can effectively prevent water vapor from condensing and accumulating in the pipeline.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electric heating layer includes a mounting substrate and resistance heating wires; there are two mounting substrates, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module, and the two circumferential ends of the two mounting substrates are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates; there are multiple resistance heating wires, which extend along the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module and are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the heating and heat preservation module, and the two ends of the multiple resistance heating wires are respectively fixed to the two mounting substrates.

[0015] In some embodiments, the electric heating layer further includes a conductive block, the end of the resistance heating wire is connected to the conductive block, the conductive block is connected to the mounting substrate, and the conductive block protrudes axially from the outer side of the mounting substrate of the heating and heat preservation module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the resistance heating wire is welded and fixed to the conductive block, and the conductive block is detachably embedded in the mounting substrate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the conductive block is a copper conductive block.

[0018] In some embodiments, the mounting substrate is a metal substrate, and the conductive block is insulated from the mounting substrate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the metal insulation layer includes a metal foil and a metal shell; there are multiple metal foils, all of which are located on the outer periphery of the electric heating layer and are arranged in layers at radial intervals along the heating and insulation module, and the circumferential ends of the multiple metal foils are respectively fixed to two mounting base plates; the metal shell is located on the outer periphery of the outermost metal foil and has a gap between it and the outermost metal foil; the circumferential ends of the metal shell are respectively fixed to two mounting base plates.

[0020] In some embodiments, the radial outer ends of both mounting base plates protrude radially from the metal insulation layer, and a connecting portion is provided at the radial protruding portions of the two mounting base plates.

[0021] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the channel heating and heat preservation device, wherein the channel heating and heat preservation device is the channel heating and heat preservation device of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the device includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: The heating and insulation modules are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipe on the outer circumference of the pipe. The heating and insulation modules that are adjacent in the circumference are detachably connected through the adjacent mounting base plates to form a ring-shaped heating and insulation unit.

[0023] S2: Connect the annular heating and insulation units in series along the axial direction of the pipe, and maintain conductive connection between the electric heating layers of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules.

[0024] S3: In the axial direction of the pipe, the electric heating layer of each heating and heat preservation module in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit is energized, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

[0025] Since the method of using the pipeline heating and insulation device of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention adopts the pipeline heating and insulation device of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the pipeline heating and insulation device of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention has the same technical effect as the pipeline heating and insulation device of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a nuclear fusion reactor includes a vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe, and a pipe heating and insulation device according to a first aspect of the present invention is installed on the outer periphery of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe.

[0027] Since the overpressure relief pipe of the vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor in the third aspect of the present invention is equipped with the pipe heating and insulation device of the first aspect of the present invention, the nuclear fusion reactor in the third aspect of the present invention has essentially the same technical effect as the pipe heating and insulation device of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heating and insulation module of the pipeline heating and insulation device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heating and insulation module of the pipeline heating and insulation device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram of the pipe heating and insulation device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is another assembly diagram of the pipe heating and insulation device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe heating and insulation device of the present invention.

[0034] Pipe heating and insulation device 1000; ring heating and insulation unit 100; heating and insulation module 1; mounting base plate 11; connecting part 111; electric heating layer 12; mounting base plate 121; resistance heating wire 122; electric conductivity block 123; metal insulation layer 13; metal foil 131; metal shell 132; pipe 2. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes annular heating and insulation units 100 connected in series axially. Each annular heating and insulation unit 100 includes multiple circumferentially parallel and detachable heating and insulation modules 1. That is, the heating and insulation module 1 itself is a modular design integrating heating and insulation functions. Multiple heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected end-to-end along the circumference of the pipe 2 to form an annular heating and insulation unit 100, for example... Figures 1 to 5 The heating and insulation module 1 is shown to be semi-circular. Figure 4 In the middle, two semi-circular heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected end to end along the circumference of the pipe 2 (i.e., the two semi-circular heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected to each other), forming a ring-shaped heating and insulation unit 100, which fully covers the outer circumference of the pipe 2. Further, as needed, such as... Figure 5 As shown, multiple annular heating and insulation units 100 are sequentially connected and installed along the axial direction of pipe 2 to form a pipe heating and insulation device 1000, thereby achieving uniform heating and insulation of pipe 2. Because the heating and insulation module 1 itself is modularly designed, the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of this invention is easy to assemble, disassemble, and maintain. The heating and insulation module 1 is mainly made of metal materials, has a wide applicable temperature range, high mechanical strength, stable properties, and is not easily corroded by environmental media. It can be applied to overpressure relief pipes 2 in the vacuum chamber of nuclear fusion reactors or to pipes 2 in other technical fields that require heating and insulation, demonstrating good versatility.

[0037] Specifically, the heating and insulation module 1 includes a mounting base plate 11, an electric heating layer 12, and a metal insulation layer 13.

[0038] There are two mounting base plates 11, which can be metal substrates. The two mounting base plates 11 are arranged opposite each other at intervals along the circumference of the heating and insulation module 1. The function of the mounting base plates 11 is: on the one hand, to integrate and fix the electric heating layer 12 and the metal insulation layer 13; on the other hand, when the heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected end to end along the circumference of the pipe 2 (i.e., the heating and insulation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference) to form a ring-shaped heating and insulation unit 100, the circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 can be detachably connected through the connecting parts 111 of the adjacent mounting base plates 11. For example, when the connecting part 111 is a bolt hole, the adjacent mounting base plates 11 are fixed by bolts passing through the bolt holes, which is convenient for connection.

[0039] The electric heating layer 12 is arc-shaped and is positioned between two mounting base plates 11, with its circumferential ends respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates 11. The arc shape of the electric heating layer 12 is a reasonable design, facilitating its matching with the outer circumference of the pipe 2 for uniform heating. Fixing the electric heating layer 12 to the two mounting base plates 11 at its circumferential ends prevents displacement of the electric heating layer 12. The electric heating layer 12 is used to uniformly heat the pipe 2.

[0040] The metal insulation layer 13 is arc-shaped and is arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating layer 12 with a gap between them. The two circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer 13 are respectively fixed to two mounting base plates 11. The metal insulation layer 13 achieves insulation by reflecting radiation. By reflecting radiation, the metal insulation layer 13 hinders radiation conduction, enhancing the insulation effect. Under irradiation conditions, the metal insulation layer 13 is more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials. When applied to the overpressure relief pipe 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor, the metal insulation layer 13 also has a magnetic shielding function. The fixation of the two circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer 13 to the two mounting base plates 11 prevents displacement of the metal insulation layer 13.

[0041] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pipe heating and insulation device 1000, when in use, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, heating and insulation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference of pipe 2 on the outer periphery of pipe 2. Circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected via adjacent mounting base plates 11 to form a ring-shaped heating and insulation unit 100; Figure 5 and Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the annular heating and insulation units 100 are connected in series along the axial direction of the pipe 2, and the electric heating layers 12 of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are electrically connected. After the heating and insulation device is installed, the electric heating layers 12 of each heating and insulation module 1 in the first annular heating and insulation unit 100 are energized along the axial direction of the pipe 2, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

[0042] The pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of the present invention has the following advantages: On the one hand, the pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 adopts a modular design of heating and insulation module 1. By simultaneously integrating the electric heating layer 12 and the metal insulation layer 13 between two mounting base plates 11, a modular design integrating heating and insulation functions is formed. The space occupied by the heating and insulation module 1 itself, and the space occupied by the electric heating layer 12 and the metal insulation layer 13 in the heating and insulation module 1 are independent of each other. This makes it convenient to install and maintain on the overpressure relief pipeline 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor with an irradiated environment, or on the pipeline 2 in other technical fields, improving installation reliability and reducing the workload of on-site assembly and disassembly. On the other hand, the electric heating layer 12 is arranged around the outer periphery of the pipeline 2, and the temperature distribution is uniform during heating. The metal insulation layer 13 is arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating layer 12, and by reflecting radiation, it hinders radiation conduction, thereby enhancing the insulation effect. Furthermore, the metal insulation layer 13 is also irradiated by the radiation. In irradiated environments, it is more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials. Furthermore, the heating and insulation module 1 is primarily made of metal, producing no pollutants similar to those found in polymeric insulation layers, making it resistant to radiation. It also has a wide applicable temperature range, high mechanical strength, stable properties, and is not easily corroded by environmental media. It can be applied to overpressure relief pipes 2 in nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chambers or other pipes 2 requiring heating and insulation in other technical fields, demonstrating good versatility. Additionally, the metal insulation layer 13 utilizes the principle of radiation reflection to hinder radiation conduction, enhancing the insulation effect. Simultaneously, the metal insulation layer 13 has high mechanical strength, making it more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials in irradiated environments. The electric heating layer 12 can uniformly heat the pipe 2. Moreover, based on the required size of the heated and insulated pipe 2, the size design of the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of this invention can be matched, greatly enhancing the versatility of the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of this invention.

[0043] The pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of the present invention is applied to the overpressure relief pipe 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor. When the vacuum chamber relief pipe 2 is in operation, it heats and insulates the vacuum chamber relief pipe 2, which can effectively prevent water vapor from condensing and accumulating in the pipe 2, and can help the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe 2 to complete the detritonation of the inner wall through high temperature baking.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the electric heating layer 12 includes a mounting base 121 and resistance heating wires 122. There are two mounting bases 121, spaced apart along the axial direction of the heating and insulation module 1, with their circumferential ends respectively fixed to two mounting base plates 11. There are multiple resistance heating wires 122, extending along the axial direction of the heating and insulation module 1 and evenly distributed circumferentially, with their ends respectively fixed to the two mounting bases 121. Thus, the resistance heating wires 122 of the electric heating layer 12 can be evenly distributed around the pipe 2, achieving uniform heating. It should be noted that when axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are connected axially in the pipe 2, it is necessary to ensure that the resistance heating wires 122 of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are in one-to-one conductive contact in the axial direction.

[0045] In some embodiments, the electric heating layer 12 further includes a conductive block 123, the end of the resistance heating wire 122 is connected to the conductive block 123, the conductive block 123 is connected to the mounting substrate 121, and the conductive block 123 protrudes axially from the outer surface of the mounting substrate 121. By providing the conductive block 123, the resistance heating wire 122 can be easily fixed to the mounting substrate 121; since the conductive block 123 protrudes axially from the outer surface of the mounting substrate 121, when axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are connected axially in the pipe 2, the conductive blocks 123 of axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are directly electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0046] In some embodiments, the resistance heating wire 122 and the conductive block 123 are welded and fixed together, which ensures reliable fixation and good conductivity at the connection point. The conductive block 123 is detachably embedded in the mounting base plate 121, which facilitates the maintenance of the resistance heating wire 122 in the future.

[0047] In some embodiments, the conductive block 123 is a copper conductive block, but it is not limited to this and may also be other metal conductive blocks.

[0048] In some embodiments, the mounting substrate 121 is a metal substrate, and the conductive block 123 is insulated from the mounting substrate 121.

[0049] In some embodiments, the metal insulation layer 13 includes a metal foil 131 and a metal shell 132; there are multiple metal foils 131, all of which are located on the outer periphery of the electric heating layer 12 and are arranged in layers at radial intervals along the heating and insulation module 1, and the circumferential ends of the multiple metal foils 131 are respectively fixed to two mounting base plates 11; the metal shell 132 is located on the outer periphery of the outermost metal foil 131 and has a gap between it and the outermost metal foil 131; the circumferential ends of the metal shell 132 are respectively fixed to two mounting base plates 11. Specifically, by utilizing the reflective properties between the metal foils 131, the thermal radiation is reflected multiple times in the air interlayer to reduce thermal radiation conduction. Furthermore, the high thermal resistance of the air interlayer reduces thermal conduction and convection, thereby achieving the effect of heat preservation and reducing heat loss. The metal foil is more durable and reliable than traditional polymer organic insulation materials under irradiation. The metal shell 132 can protect the metal foils 131 inside. At the same time, it also has a magnetic shielding effect during the use of the pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 in the overpressure relief pipeline 2 of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber.

[0050] In some embodiments, the radially outer ends of both mounting base plates 11 protrude radially from the metal insulation layer 13, and connecting portions 111 are provided at the radially outer ends of the two mounting base plates 11. By providing connecting portions 111, when the heating and insulation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipe 2 on the outer periphery of the pipe 2, circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected through the connecting portions 111 on adjacent mounting base plates 11, facilitating connection. Specifically, the connecting portion 111 can be a bolt hole or other snap-fit ​​structure, etc. It should be noted that if the connecting portion 111 is a magnetic structure, the magnetic structure exposed in a strong magnetic field environment will affect its magnetism; therefore, the magnetic structure is only suitable for non-strong magnetic environments.

[0051] The method of using the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: As Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, heating and insulation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference of pipe 2 on the outer periphery of pipe 2. Circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected through adjacent mounting base plates 11 to form an annular heating and insulation unit 100. It should be noted that pipe 2 here can be an overpressure relief pipe 2 in a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber or a pipe 2 in other technical fields that requires heating and insulation.

[0053] S2: As Figure 5 and Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the annular heating and insulation units 100 are connected in series along the axial direction of the pipe 2, and the electric heating layers 12 of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are electrically connected. Specifically, the electric heating layer 12 includes a mounting base plate 121, resistance heating wires 122, and conductive blocks 123. There are two mounting base plates 121, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module 1. The two ends of the two mounting base plates 121 are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates 11. There are multiple resistance heating wires 122, which extend along the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module 1 and are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the heating and heat preservation module 1. The two ends of the multiple resistance heating wires 122 are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates 121 by conductive blocks 123. The conductive blocks 123 protrude from the outer surface of the mounting base plate 121 in the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module 1. Since the conductive blocks 123 protrude from the outer surface of the mounting base plate 121 in the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module 1, when the axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are connected in the axial direction of the pipe 2, the conductive blocks 123 of the axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are directly electrically connected to each other.

[0054] S3: In the axial direction of the pipe 2, the electric heating layer 12 of each heating and heat preservation module 1 in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit 100 is energized, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

[0055] Since the method of using the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention adopts the method of using the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention has the same technical effect as the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a nuclear fusion reactor includes a vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe, and a pipe heating and insulation device 1000 according to a first aspect of the present invention is installed on the outer periphery of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe.

[0057] Since the overpressure relief pipe of the vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor in the third aspect of the present invention is equipped with the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of the present invention, the nuclear fusion reactor in the third aspect of the present invention has essentially the same technical effect as the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0058] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0060] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipe heating and insulation device, characterized in that, It includes annular heating and heat preservation units that are connected in series axially, and each annular heating and heat preservation unit includes multiple circumferentially parallel and detachable heating and heat preservation modules; The heating and heat preservation module includes: There are two mounting base plates, which are arranged opposite each other at intervals along the circumference of the heating and insulation module. An electric heating layer, which is arc-shaped, is disposed between the two mounting base plates and its two circumferential ends are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates; The metal insulation layer is arc-shaped and arranged around the outer periphery of the electric heating layer with a gap between them. Both ends of the metal insulation layer are respectively fixed to two mounting base plates. The metal insulation layer achieves heat preservation through reflected radiation. The electric heating layer includes a mounting substrate and resistance heating wires. There are two mounting substrates, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the heating and insulation module. Both ends of the two mounting substrates are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates. There are multiple resistance heating wires, which extend along the axial direction of the heating and insulation module and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the heating and insulation module. Both ends of the multiple resistance heating wires are respectively fixed to the two mounting substrates. The electric heating layer further includes a conductive block, the end of the resistance heating wire is connected to the conductive block, the conductive block is connected to the mounting substrate, and the conductive block protrudes axially from the outer side of the mounting substrate of the heating and heat preservation module; the resistance heating wire is welded and fixed to the conductive block, and the conductive block is detachably embedded in the mounting substrate; The mounting substrate is a metal substrate, and the conductive block is insulated from the mounting substrate. When the axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules are connected in the axial direction, the conductive blocks of the axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules are directly electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence. In the axial direction, the electric heating layer of each heating and heat preservation module in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit is energized, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

2. The pipeline heating and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive block is a copper conductive block.

3. The pipeline heating and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal insulation layer includes a metal foil and a metal shell; there are multiple metal foils, all of which are located on the outer periphery of the electric heating layer and are arranged in layers at radial intervals along the heating and insulation module, and the circumferential ends of the multiple metal foils are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates; the metal shell is located on the outer periphery of the outermost metal foil and has a gap between it and the outermost metal foil; the circumferential ends of the metal shell are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates.

4. The pipeline heating and insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both of the mounting base plates have radially protruding from the metal insulation layer at their radially protruding ends, and a connecting part is provided at the radially protruding parts of the two mounting base plates.

5. A method of using the pipeline heating and insulation device as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The heating and insulation modules are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipe on the outer circumference of the pipe. The heating and insulation modules that are adjacent in the circumference are detachably connected through the adjacent mounting base plates to form a ring-shaped heating and insulation unit. S2: Connect the annular heating and insulation units in series along the axial direction of the pipe, and maintain conductive connection between the electric heating layers of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules. S3: In the axial direction of the pipe, the electric heating layer of each heating and heat preservation module in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit is energized, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

6. A nuclear fusion reactor, characterized in that, It includes a vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe, and the outer periphery of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe is equipped with a pipeline heating and insulation device as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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