Temperature control and flow placement intelligent heating device for special coating cabin of ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship special coating cabin temperature control flow placement intelligent heating device which comprises a modularly integrated heating module, the heating module is at least provided with a pipeline-shaped heating carrier for target heating air to pass through, a magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism is attached to the heating carrier, and the heating carrier is made of a permeability magnetic material. High-frequency alternating current is introduced into the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the heating carrier is arranged in the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and is magnetically coupled with the high-frequency alternating magnetic field, eddy current is excited in the heating carrier, and the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism and the pipeline-shaped heating carrier are arranged in an insulated mode. The pipe-shaped heating carrier forms a corrosion-resistant interface at least on the side in contact with the target heating air. Heat is directly generated in an object through the electromagnetic induction heating technology, heat loss is almost avoided, the energy conversion efficiency can reach 90% or above, the heating efficiency is remarkably improved, and the energy cost is saved. The heating equipment has important significance for reducing the operation cost of an enterprise and reducing the energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of special coating for ships, and in particular to a room temperature control flow intelligent heating device for a special coating cabin for ships. Background Art

[0002] Liquid cargo vessels, as high-value-added vessels, are in high demand in the international market. Their specially coated cabins require extremely strict temperature and humidity control, which directly determines the coating's adhesion and the vessel's long-term corrosion protection. Mastering effective special coating technology for ships is crucial to improving the market competitiveness of liquid cargo vessels. During special coating cabin construction, temperature and humidity must be monitored at all times. Ambient humidity must be below 50%, and steel plate temperature must be maintained between 15°C and 35°C. This places strict demands on the operation of equipment such as dehumidifiers and heating fans.

[0003] Currently, traditional electric heating tubes are the primary method for heating specially coated cabins in winter. However, this technology has numerous drawbacks. First, it consumes a lot of energy, with an energy efficiency ratio of less than 40%. In low winter temperatures, this makes it difficult to meet cabin heating requirements, and electricity costs remain high. Second, temperature control fluctuates significantly, with a temperature adjustment accuracy of ±5°C, which cannot meet the stringent constant temperature requirements (23±2°C) of high-performance coatings such as Marineline 784. Excessive temperatures can lead to coating curing errors, requiring rework and sandblasting, increasing construction costs and lead times. Third, noise pollution is severe, reaching as high as 98dB during operation, impacting the work environment and the quality of life of surrounding residents.

[0004] With the volume of specialty coatings increasing at an average annual rate of 12%, and Marineline paints in particular gaining a larger share of the market due to their superior performance, these coatings have extremely stringent requirements for ambient temperature, humidity, and substrate temperature. Traditional heating technologies are no longer able to meet these construction standards and the growing demand for specialty coatings. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a highly efficient, energy-efficient, temperature-controlled, and low-noise heating device to ensure coating quality, reduce overall construction costs, and adapt to the green and intelligent development trends in the shipbuilding industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a temperature-controlled flow intelligent heating device for a special coating cabin of a ship.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A temperature-controlled flow intelligent heating device for a special coating cabin of a ship, comprising a modular integrated heating module, wherein the heating module is provided with at least a pipe-shaped heating carrier for the target heated air to pass through, and a magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism is attached to the heating carrier, and the heating carrier is made of magnetic conductive material. The magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism passes a high-frequency alternating current to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. The heating carrier is placed in the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and magnetically coupled with it, so that eddy currents are excited inside the heating carrier. The magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism is insulated from the pipe-shaped heating carrier, and the pipe-shaped heating carrier forms an anti-corrosion interface at least on the side in contact with the target heated air. The surface of the heating carrier in contact with the target heated air is not provided with a guide plate or a guide plate made of non-magnetic conductive material is used.

[0007] Furthermore, the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism includes a wide-band adaptive electromagnetic coil, which forms a multi-frequency composite coil structure consisting of an inner low-frequency coil and an outer high-frequency coil through a layered winding method. The layered winding includes a coaxial variable diameter sleeve winding method or a method of arranging in sequence along the axial direction of the heating carrier.

[0008] The operating frequency of the low-frequency coil is 10-20 kHz, and the operating frequency of the high-frequency coil is 20-30 kHz.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating carrier is designed to form a gradient magnetic permeability material through a composition gradient, so that the surface layer of the heating carrier is set as a high silicon steel alloy layer and the inner layer is set as a low carbon steel substrate layer, forming a gradient structure with high magnetic permeability on the surface and low magnetic permeability in the inner layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetic conductive material includes any one of ferromagnetic metal material, ferrimagnetic material, soft magnetic composite material, or a multilayer composite magnetic conductive material in which multiple layers are combined into one.

[0011] Furthermore, the pipe-shaped heating carrier adopts an elliptical cross-section air duct, and the ratio of its major axis a to minor axis b is in the range of 1.5:1≤a:b≤3:1; the equivalent diameter De of the heating carrier is 400-800mm.

[0012] Furthermore, a phase change heat storage layer is provided between the heating carrier and the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism, and a composite phase change material layer is applied on the outer wall of the heating carrier to absorb excess heat during the heating peak period and slowly release it during the insulation stage.

[0013] Furthermore, the composite phase change material layer includes any one of an organic phase change material, an inorganic phase change material, and a composite phase change material; The organic phase change material includes paraffin wax and fatty acid; The inorganic phase change material includes hydrated salts and molten salts; The composite phase change material includes organic-inorganic composite and microcapsule phase change materials.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an electric field polarization heating mechanism, which together with the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism constitutes a dual-field coupled dynamic heating system. The electric field polarization heating mechanism includes a nano-dielectric layer laid on the inner wall surface of the heating carrier, and a low-frequency alternating electric field is applied to the nano-dielectric layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the nano-dielectric layer includes a base resin and a dielectric filler, wherein the base resin includes silicone resin, epoxy resin, and fluorocarbon resin; and the dielectric filler includes polarized ceramic particles and graphene nanosheets. The nano dielectric layer is designed and solidified with a coating structure, including a bottom layer, a functional layer, and a surface layer. The bottom layer is epoxy zinc yellow primer; the functional layer adopts nano dielectric composite slurry; and the surface layer is fluorocarbon varnish.

[0016] Furthermore, the composite ratio of the nano-dielectric layer is: 55 wt% silicone resin, 30 wt% polarized ceramic particles SrTiO3, 1.2 wt% carbon nanotubes, and 13.8 wt% catalyst.

[0017] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through electromagnetic induction heating technology, heat is directly generated inside the object, with almost no heat loss, and the energy conversion efficiency can reach more than 90%, which significantly improves the heating efficiency and saves energy costs. This is of great significance for reducing the operating costs and energy consumption of enterprises.

[0018] 2. High heating efficiency: High-frequency electromagnetic induction heating can directly act on the heated object, reducing energy transfer loss and improving thermal efficiency.

[0019] 3. Fast heating speed: High-frequency electromagnetic induction heating can heat objects to the set temperature in a short time, which is particularly suitable for occasions that require rapid heating.

[0020] 4. Precise temperature control: High-frequency electromagnetic induction heating can achieve precise control of the heating temperature by adjusting the frequency and power of the electromagnetic field.

[0021] 5. Environmentally friendly and pollution-free: High-frequency electromagnetic induction heating does not produce harmful substances, has no pollution to the environment, and is in line with the concept of green environmental protection.

[0022] 6. High safety: Electromagnetic induction heating has multiple safety protection functions, such as overheating protection, overcurrent protection, water shortage protection, etc., to ensure the safe operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1This is one of the axonometric drawings of a module of a room temperature control flow intelligent heating device for a special coating tank of a ship according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is the second axonometric drawing of a module of a room temperature control flow intelligent heating device for a special coating tank of a ship according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of temperature control flow technology; Figure 4 This is one of the axonometric views of the heating module of the present invention; Figure 5 is a broken cross-sectional view of the heating module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is one of the longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the heating module of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the second longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heating module in the present invention; In the figure: 1. Heating module; 2. Heating carrier; 3. Magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism; 4. Anti-corrosion interface; 5. Inner low-frequency coil; 6. Outer high-frequency coil; 7. Gradient magnetic permeability material; 8. High-silicon steel alloy layer; 9. Low-carbon steel substrate layer; 10. Phase change heat storage layer; 11. Electric field polarization heating mechanism; 12. Nano-dielectric layer; 13. Centrifugal fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following embodiments are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Temperature-controlled flow technology ensures that Marineline 784 forms a dense, uniform, high-performance coating within complex cabin structures by precisely controlling temperature (environment, material, substrate) and optimizing flow parameters (pressure, nozzle, and film thickness). During application, strict adherence to the product's Technical Data Sheet (TDS) and ISO 12944 standards is essential, with real-time monitoring using tools such as infrared thermometers and viscosity cups as necessary.

[0026] Air flow plays an important role in controlling the temperature of the special-coated cabin. The existing special-coated cabin paint heating and replacement technology mainly heats the air through electric heating tubes. Since the electric heating tubes consume a lot of electricity and heat unevenly during the heating process, the paint curing time is prolonged, increasing production costs. Secondly, since high-energy consumption heating fans require high-power centrifugal fans to achieve heated air circulation, they make a lot of noise during operation, affecting the lives of nearby residents. In addition, the temperature control accuracy is not ideal, and temperatures that are too high or too low may cause the product to be unqualified. The specific parameters of the existing heating and flow replacement technology equipment are shown in the following table (using a special-coated cabin with a capacity of 2000m³ as a sample for statistical analysis). Figure 3 shown.

[0027] Table 1 Specific parameters of existing heating and flow technology equipment when used project Frequency range (Hz) Noise range (dB) Temperature control accuracy (℃) Air volume (m³ / h) Wind pressure (Pa) Energy conversion (thermal efficiency) rate (%) Cabin temperature rise time (h) Specific parameters when using 50 98 ±5 12000 3000 70 4 A ship special coating cabin room temperature control flow intelligent heating device, such as Figure 1 、 2 As shown in the figure below, this flow-controlled intelligent heating device adopts an integrated frame design, which mainly integrates the electrical control system, electromagnetic heating control system, electromagnetic heating carrier 2, ventilation system and other main components as shown in the figure below.

[0028] Specifically, it includes a modular integrated heating module 1, and the heating module 1 is provided with at least a pipe-shaped heating carrier 2 for the target heated air to pass through. As shown in the figure, in actual use, the heating carrier 2 is a ventilation pipe, which can adopt a circular straight pipe design. This embodiment takes a circular pipe as an example, and it can be understood that other cross-sectional shapes of pipe designs can also be adopted, such as a prismatic pipe. Those skilled in the art can use it as an alternative without limitation.

[0029] As an embodiment, a magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism 3 is attached to the heating carrier 2, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heating carrier 2 is made of a magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism 3 is fed with a high-frequency alternating current to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. The heating carrier 2 is placed in the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and magnetically coupled with it, so that eddy currents are excited inside the heating carrier 2. The magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism 3 is insulated from the pipe-shaped heating carrier 2. The pipe-shaped heating carrier 2 forms an anti-corrosion interface 4 at least on the side in contact with the target heated air. The surface of the heating carrier 2 on the side in contact with the target heated air is not provided with a guide plate or a guide plate made of non-magnetic conductive material is used.

[0030] Furthermore, the magnetic conductive material includes any one of ferromagnetic metal material, ferrimagnetic material, soft magnetic composite material, or a multilayer composite magnetic conductive material in which multiple layers are combined into one.

[0031] Specifically, ferromagnetic metal materials can be low carbon steel, typical grades: Q235, Q195, 08Al; silicon steel (electrical steel) typical grades: DW310-35, B50A350; low alloy high strength steel, typical grades: Q345B, 16Mn; pure iron.

[0032] Ferrimagnetic materials, typical grades of stainless steel (martensite / ferrite): 430 (ferrite, μ≈600μ0), 410 (martensite, μ≈500μ0); typical grades of nickel-based alloy (partial magnetic conductivity): Incoloy901 (μ≈300μ0).

[0033] This embodiment is a winter oil cargo tank spray curing process developed and designed specifically for the special coating application process during ship repair and construction. It provides a type of high-efficiency heating and flow control equipment to meet the target requirement of cabin temperature control at 15°C to 35°C. Temperature adjustment range: usually set to 0-70°C, with an accuracy of ±3.5°C, and closed-loop control achieved through high-precision sensors. Basic parameter settings: 2000m³ of space is heated by electromagnetic heating, the cabin temperature is heated from 0°C to 15°C, the equipment heating power is 110Kw, the centrifugal fan 13 has a power of 15kW, the air flow rate is 12000m³ / h, and the wind pressure is 3000Pa.

[0034] This embodiment utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction heating to generate an induced current in a conductor through an alternating magnetic field, thereby causing the conductor to heat up.

[0035] As a further improvement, the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism 3 includes a broadband adaptive electromagnetic coil, which forms a multi-frequency composite coil structure consisting of an inner low-frequency coil 5 and an outer high-frequency coil 6 by a layered winding method. The layered winding includes a coaxial variable diameter sleeve winding method, as a setting method of the electromagnetic coil, such as Figure 6 As shown, a coaxial sleeve method is adopted to sleeve the high-frequency coil onto the outside of the low-frequency coil, forming a layered winding multi-component composite coil structure.

[0036] Alternatively, the high-frequency coils and the low-frequency coils may be arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the heating carrier 2 . In this embodiment, the high-frequency coils and the low-frequency coils are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the heating carrier 2 , and one or more groups of the high-frequency coils and the low-frequency coils may be provided.

[0037] Specifically, a layered winding method is adopted: the inner layer is a low-frequency coil with an operating frequency of 10-20kHz, which optimizes the eddy current penetration depth in the low-temperature section (≥5mm) to ensure the overall heating of the metal substrate of the duct; the outer layer is a high-frequency coil with an operating frequency of 20-30kHz to enhance the surface heating efficiency in the high-temperature section.

[0038] Configure an adjustable capacitor matrix: FPGA-controlled relays switch the coil inductance-capacitance combination to achieve automatic frequency sweeping across the entire 10-30kHz frequency range, matching the permeability changes of the duct material in real time (for example, when the permeability of carbon steel decreases at high temperatures, the frequency is automatically increased to compensate for eddy current losses).

[0039] It is worth noting that in the broadband adaptive electromagnetic coil setting method, the low-frequency magnetic field and thin-wall structure have limited requirements on the wall thickness characteristics of the heating carrier 2, which needs to be determined in combination with the low-frequency magnetic field eddy current penetration depth and heating requirements to ensure the heating effect and efficiency.

[0040] For low-frequency magnetic fields (such as 50Hz industrial frequency), the penetration depth of mild steel at 50Hz is approximately 9.4mm. If the wall thickness of the heating carrier 2 is too thin, for example, less than 5mm, the magnetic field energy cannot be fully converted into eddy current heat, resulting in reduced heating efficiency, potentially below 30%. This is because low-frequency magnetic fields require a certain wall thickness to fully utilize the eddy current effect. Thin walls do not provide sufficient space for the eddy currents generated by the magnetic field to fully function, resulting in a large amount of magnetic field energy not being effectively utilized.

[0041] From the perspective of heating effect, if the wall thickness is too thin, it will be difficult for the low-frequency magnetic field to achieve effective heating, and problems such as uneven heating and slow temperature rise will occur, which cannot meet the actual heating needs. If the wall thickness is too thick, such as exceeding 10mm, although it can meet the penetration requirements of the low-frequency magnetic field, it will significantly increase the thermal inertia. The increase in thermal inertia means that during the heating and cooling process, the temperature change will become slow, which conflicts with the demand for rapid temperature control in the special coating cabin. In the special coating cabin, the temperature needs to be adjusted quickly to meet different process requirements, and the thick-walled heating carrier 2 with large thermal inertia cannot respond to temperature changes in time, which will affect the construction efficiency and quality of the special coating. Therefore, considering the characteristics of the low-frequency magnetic field and the actual needs of the special coating cabin, the wall thickness of the heating carrier 2 cannot be too thin or too thick. The preferred wall thickness of the heating carrier 2 is more appropriate between 7-10mm. This can not only ensure the effective heating of the low-frequency magnetic field, but also control the thermal inertia to a certain extent, meeting the temperature control requirements of the special coating cabin.

[0042] As an improved embodiment, the heating carrier 2 is designed to form a gradient magnetic permeability material 7 through a composition gradient, so that the surface layer of the heating carrier 2 is set as a high silicon steel alloy layer 8, and the inner layer is set as a low carbon steel base material layer 9, forming a gradient structure with high magnetic permeability on the surface and low magnetic permeability in the inner layer. Figure 6 As shown, specifically, laser cladding technology is used to clad the surface of the heating carrier 2 (0-1mm depth) with a high silicon steel alloy (Si content 6-8%), and the inner layer retains the low carbon steel substrate to form a surface high permeability-inner low permeability gradient structure, specifically as follows: Surface: μ0=4000-5000μ0 (adapt to the skin effect of high-frequency magnetic field, δ=0.5-1.0mm); Inner layer: μ0=2000-2500μ0 (matching the penetration depth of low-frequency magnetic field, δ=5-8mm) In terms of the design of the heating carrier 2, in addition to the cylindrical and prismatic heating carriers 2 used above, the pipe-shaped heating carrier 2 further adopts an elliptical cross-section air duct. By optimizing the cross-sectional shape, the ratio of its major axis a to minor axis b is in the range of 1.5:1≤a:b≤3:1; rather than the traditional circle, its advantages are: under the same cross-sectional area, the circumference of the ellipse is increased by 20%, the contact area with the coil is larger, and the magnetic field coupling efficiency is improved by 12%; airflow characteristics: the airflow velocity gradient in the direction of the major axis a is reduced, and combined with the inner wall guide groove (spacing 100mm, depth 2mm), the air turbulence intensity is reduced by 15% and the pressure loss is reduced by 8%.

[0043] Specifically, the wall thickness is designed to be 3-4mm: thin walls (<3mm) are prone to excessive eddy current skin effect and the risk of local overheating; thick walls (>4mm) increase thermal inertia and temperature response delay >10 seconds, so 3.5mm low-carbon steel plates are preferred.

[0044] Pipe diameter matching: When the air volume is 12000m³ / h, the equivalent diameter of the air duct is 600mm, and the air flow rate is controlled at 12-15m / s (avoiding excessive noise and increased eddy current loss caused by >20m / s).

[0045] The equivalent diameter De of the heating carrier is 400-800mm. According to the air volume formula: Q=v*A (A is the cross-sectional area, Q=12000m³ / h), when De=600mm (area 0.28m²), v=11.8m / s, it is in the economic flow rate range (10-15m / s), and the pressure loss is ≤500Pa.

[0046] Electromagnetic induction: When the wind speed is greater than 15m / s, the contact time between the air and the inner wall of the air duct is less than 0.5s, and the heat exchange efficiency drops by more than 20%; when the wind speed is less than 8m / s, dust deposition is likely to occur (Reynolds number Re < 2300, laminar flow is prone to dust accumulation).

[0047] Furthermore, in order to improve the heat dissipation and heat management, a phase change heat storage layer 10 is provided between the heating carrier 2 and the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism 3. Figure 6 As shown, a composite phase change material layer is applied to the outer wall of the heating carrier 2 to absorb excess heat during the peak heating period and slowly release it during the insulation period, so that the cabin temperature fluctuation is ≤±0.5°C (traditional solution ±1.5°C). Specifically, the composite phase change material layer includes any one of an organic phase change material, an inorganic phase change material, and a composite phase change material; The organic phase change material includes paraffin waxes, such as n-octadecane (melting point 28°C, latent heat 240kJ / kg) and n-hexacosane (melting point 58°C, latent heat 243kJ / kg); Fatty acids, such as stearic acid (melting point 69°C, latent heat 199kJ / kg) and palmitic acid (melting point 63°C, latent heat 241kJ / kg).

[0048] The inorganic phase change material includes hydrated salts, such as sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O, melting point 32.4°C, latent heat 254kJ / kg) and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O, melting point 48.1°C, latent heat 190kJ / kg).

[0049] Molten salts, such as sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate eutectic salt (melting point 220°C, latent heat 130kJ / kg), are suitable for high-temperature special coating processes.

[0050] Composite phase change materials include organic-inorganic composites and microcapsule phase change materials. Specifically, the organic-inorganic composite has a formula of paraffin wax (70wt%), expanded graphite (15wt%), and alumina (15wt%). Performance: thermal conductivity of 1.2W / (m·K), latent heat of 200kJ / kg, and a phase change temperature of 35-40°C, making it suitable for heat storage during cabin warming.

[0051] Microcapsule phase change material (MPCM): The core material is paraffin wax, and the wall material is urea-formaldehyde resin (particle size 10-50μm). It is mixed with epoxy resin and coated (coating thickness 0.5-1mm). The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.4W / (m・K) and the heat storage density is 120kJ / L.

[0052] In actual use, depending on the phase transition temperature, you can choose a material with a phase transition temperature of 25-30°C (such as n-eicosane) to absorb high-frequency heat in the initial heating period and suppress surface overheating. Alternatively, you can choose a material with a phase transition temperature of 35-40°C (such as stearic acid) to release stored heat to maintain the cabin temperature.

[0053] As another embodiment, it also includes an electric field polarization heating mechanism 11, such as Figure 5 、 7 As shown, the electric field polarization heating mechanism 11 and the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism 3 form a dual-field coupled dynamic heating system. Magnetic field eddy current heating maintains the existing principle of electromagnetic induction, generating eddy current heating in the air supply pipe (metal carrier) through a high-frequency magnetic field. Electric field polarization heating applies a nano-dielectric coating (such as a composite coating of polarized ceramic particles and insulating resin) to the inner wall of the air supply pipe. Applying a low-frequency alternating electric field (100-500Hz) polarizes the coating molecules, generating dipole frictional heat that directly heats the air medium, thus forming a dual-field coupling mechanism of "magnetic field eddy current heating + electric field polarization heating."

[0054] The synergistic effect of the two fields increases the air heating rate by over 50%, and at the same power, the heat output density is increased to 1.8 times that of traditional solutions. Magnetic field heating dominates the high-temperature range (30-70°C), while electric field heating dominates the low-temperature range (0-30°C), solving the problem of traditional electromagnetic induction efficiency degradation in low-temperature environments and improving adaptability over a wide temperature range.

[0055] The electric field polarization heating mechanism 11 includes a nano-dielectric layer 12 applied on the inner wall surface of the heating carrier 2 , and a low-frequency alternating electric field is applied to the nano-dielectric layer 12 .

[0056] Furthermore, the nano-dielectric layer 12 includes a base resin and a dielectric filler, wherein the base resin includes a silicone resin, an epoxy resin, and a fluorocarbon resin; the dielectric filler includes polarized ceramic particles and graphene nanosheets; the polarized ceramic particles include: barium titanate (BaTiO3): ε_r=1000-4000, Curie temperature 120°C, particle size 50-100nm, and addition amount 15-25wt% (percolation threshold); strontium titanate (SrTiO3): ε_r=300, temperature resistance is better than BaTiO3, and it is suitable for high-frequency electric fields (>1kHz).

[0057] Graphene nanosheets: conductivity ≥ 10 4 S / m, added in an amount of 0.5-1wt%, which improves the overall conductivity of the coating and inhibits static electricity accumulation.

[0058] Furthermore, the composite ratio of the nano-dielectric layer 12 is optimized as follows: 55 wt% silicone resin, 30 wt% polarized ceramic particles SrTiO 3 , 1.2 wt% carbon nanotubes, and 13.8 wt% catalyst.

[0059] The nano dielectric layer 12 is designed with a coating structure and is cured; The bottom layer is epoxy zinc yellow primer; the thickness is 20-30 μm, the zinc content is ≥80%, which improves the adhesion of the metal substrate and prevents the coating from peeling off.

[0060] The functional layer uses nano-dielectric composite slurry; using nano-dielectric composite slurry, SrTiO3 particles are directional arranged (achieved by electric field assisted coating); it has honeycomb pores (pore size 2-5μm) and is filled with paraffin phase change material (PCM), realizing the dual functions of "polarization heating + heat storage and temperature regulation".

[0061] The surface layer is fluorocarbon varnish with a thickness of 50-80μm and a surface resistivity of ≥10¹²Ω・cm to prevent electric field leakage; Nano-slurry preparation uses high-energy ball milling at 800 rpm, a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1, and a dispersion time of 4 hours to ensure a filler particle size of less than 200 nm. Ultrasonic dispersion is then applied at 40 kHz, 500 W, and 30 minutes to eliminate agglomerates. Coating viscosity is controlled at 50-100 mPa·s.

[0062] The electrostatic spraying method is adopted, with a voltage of 60-80kV, an atomizing pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa, and a coating thickness uniformity error of ≤5%; the silicone resin system is cured at 150℃×3 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to prevent oxidation.

[0063] Table 2 Key indicators of controlled flow heating device System power (Kw) 115 Frequency range (Hz) 10～30k Noise within 5 meters of the device (dB) 75 System outlet temperature range (°C) 0-70 Temperature control accuracy (℃) ±3.5 Air volume (m³ / h) 12000 Wind pressure (Pa) 3000 Energy conversion (thermal efficiency) rate (%) 90 Cabin 2000m³, heating time from 0℃ to 15℃ (h) About 2.17 Energy consumption (kWh) 1098 The controlled flow heating device realizes the temperature adjustment range of the air outlet: the temperature of the air outlet end of the equipment can be adjusted arbitrarily within the range of 0℃-70℃; the energy conversion efficiency is ≥90%.

[0064] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-controlled flow intelligent heating device for special coating cabins of ships, characterized in that: The invention comprises a modular integrated heating module, wherein the heating module is provided with at least a pipe-shaped heating carrier for the target heated air to pass through, and a magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism is attached to the heating carrier. The heating carrier is made of a magnetic conductive material, and a high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. The heating carrier is placed in the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and magnetically coupled with it, so that eddy currents are excited inside the heating carrier. The magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism is insulated from the pipe-shaped heating carrier, and the pipe-shaped heating carrier forms an anti-corrosion interface at least on the side in contact with the target heated air. No guide plate is provided on the surface of the heating carrier on the side in contact with the target heated air, or a guide plate made of non-magnetic conductive material is used.

2. The intelligent heating device for controlling temperature of a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism includes a broadband adaptive electromagnetic coil, which is formed into a multi-frequency composite coil structure consisting of an inner low-frequency coil and an outer high-frequency coil by a layered winding method. The layered winding includes a coaxial variable diameter sleeve winding method or a method of arranging them in sequence along the axial direction of the heating carrier.

3. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating carrier is designed to form a gradient magnetic permeability material through a composition gradient, so that the surface layer of the heating carrier is set as a high silicon steel alloy layer and the inner layer is set as a low carbon steel substrate layer, forming a gradient structure with high magnetic permeability on the surface and low magnetic permeability in the inner layer.

4. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic conductive material includes any one of ferromagnetic metal material, ferrimagnetic material, soft magnetic composite material, or a multi-layer composite magnetic conductive material.

5. The intelligent heating device for controlling temperature of a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe-shaped heating carrier adopts an elliptical cross-section air duct, and the ratio of its major axis a to minor axis b is in the range of 1.5:1≤a:b≤3:1; the equivalent diameter De of the heating carrier is 400-800mm.

6. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: A phase change heat storage layer is provided between the heating carrier and the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism, and a composite phase change material layer is laid on the outer wall of the heating carrier to absorb excess heat during the heating peak period and slowly release it during the insulation stage.

7. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite phase change material layer includes any one of an organic phase change material, an inorganic phase change material, and a composite phase change material; The organic phase change material includes paraffin wax and fatty acid; The inorganic phase change material includes hydrated salts and molten salts; The composite phase change material includes organic-inorganic composite and microcapsule phase change materials.

8. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electric field polarization heating mechanism, which together with the magnetic field eddy current heating mechanism constitutes a dual-field coupled dynamic heating system. The electric field polarization heating mechanism includes a nano-dielectric layer laid on the inner wall surface of the heating carrier, and a low-frequency alternating electric field is applied to the nano-dielectric layer.

9. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in a special coating tank of a ship according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nano dielectric layer includes a base resin and a dielectric filler, wherein the base resin includes silicone resin, epoxy resin, and fluorocarbon resin; the dielectric filler includes polarized ceramic particles and graphene nanosheets; The nano dielectric layer is designed and solidified with a coating structure, including a bottom layer, a functional layer, and a surface layer. The bottom layer is epoxy zinc yellow primer; the functional layer adopts nano dielectric composite slurry; and the surface layer is fluorocarbon varnish.

10. The intelligent heating device for temperature-controlled flow in special coating tanks for ships according to claim 9, characterized in that: The composite ratio of the nano dielectric layer is: 55 wt% silicone resin, 30 wt% polarized ceramic particles SrTiO3, 1.2 wt% carbon nanotubes, and 13.8 wt% catalyst.

Images