Double-linear-array high-speed auto-collimation small-angle measurement system

Abstract

The invention provides a double-linear-array high-speed auto-collimation small-angle measurement system. The double-linear-array high-speed auto-collimation small-angle measurement system comprises a shell cover plate, a light path supporting structure, a base and a sleeve. The shell cover plate is used for protecting main devices; the light path supporting structure is installed in the shell cover plate and used for installing and fixing various optical devices. The light path supporting structure is provided with a hardware circuit and a beam splitter prism; the hardware circuit comprises a power supply / communication circuit, a device driving circuit and a signal conditioning / acquisition circuit; the device driving circuit comprises a device driving circuit board and two charge couplers; the two charge couplers, the device driving circuit board and the signal conditioning / acquisition circuit are mounted on the upper cover plate; the light path supporting structure is provided with an LED lamp, a power supply / communication circuit and a beam splitter prism; one end of the sleeve is connected with the housing cover plate through the pedestal, and the other end is provided with the spherical objective lens. According to the invention, not only can a static large-range measurement task be completed, but also high-speed dynamic measurement can be completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and in particular relates to a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system. Background Art

[0002] Angle is a crucial physical quantity. JJG2057-2006, "Verification System Table for Plane Angle Measuring Instruments," approved and issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation, stipulates that plane angles in my country are composed of three components: surface angles, line angles, and small angles. Small angles, defined as those with a measurement range of ±1° but with very high uncertainty, represent a challenging technique for angle measurement.

[0003] The autocollimation small-angle measurement system is a high-precision measuring instrument that works based on the principle of optical autocollimation imaging. It converts the rotation angle of the reflector on the test piece into a linear change on the autocollimator's receiving device. By measuring the linear change, tiny angular changes in the reflective surface can be indirectly detected. It is often used in scientific research and ultra-precision positioning, such as angle measurement, guide rail straightness measurement, table flatness measurement, initial position calibration of aircraft inertial references, aircraft frame correction, missile launcher correction, and rocket launcher attitude detection. It is widely used in many fields such as construction, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, aerospace, metrology, and testing. Traditional autocollimation small-angle measurement systems are static measurement devices with an acquisition frequency of no more than 20Hz. They are unable to perform tasks in the field of high-speed dynamic measurement.

[0004] Among the currently authorized patents is the "Photoelectric Visual Integrated Autocollimator (ZL201420678686.5)". This device uses the eyepiece method for semi-automatic readings, and the measurement range is only ±300", which cannot complete large-scale measurement tasks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system, which is characterized by comprising a housing cover 1, an optical path support structure 1-3, a base 2, and a sleeve 3;

[0006] The housing cover 1 is used to protect the main components and includes an upper cover 1-1 and a lower cover 1-2;

[0007] The optical path support structure 1-3 is installed inside the housing cover 1 and is used to install and fix various optical devices; the optical path support structure 1-3 is installed with hardware circuits and a beam splitter prism;

[0008] The hardware circuit includes a power supply / communication circuit, a device driving circuit, and a signal conditioning / acquisition circuit; the device driving circuit includes a device driving circuit board and two linear array charge couplers;

[0009] The two linear array charge couplers, device driver circuit board and signal conditioning / acquisition circuit are installed on the upper cover 1-1;

[0010] The optical path support structure 1-3 is provided with an LED lamp, a power supply / communication circuit and a spectroscopic prism;

[0011] One end of the sleeve 3 is connected to the housing cover 1 through the base 2, and the other end is mounted with a spherical objective lens 3-1 to provide a basic focal length f for the spherical objective lens 3-1.

[0012] Furthermore, the power supply / communication circuit adopts the USB single-line mode, that is, the USB not only provides the total power supply of the circuit, but also performs data transmission, and transmits the original data stored in the memory to the host computer.

[0013] Furthermore, the linear array charge coupled device driving timing is realized by using a micro central controller series.

[0014] Furthermore, the signal conditioning / acquisition circuit utilizes an operational amplifier circuit in conjunction with a digital-to-analog converter chip to amplify and acquire signals; and the data acquisition of the digital-to-analog converter chip is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer.

[0015] Furthermore, the LED is a high-performance lamp, which uses the I / O pin of STM32 to perform frequency modulation output to achieve the function of distinguishing the background light source.

[0016] Furthermore, the optical path supporting structure 1-3 is provided with two LED slots; each LED slot is inserted with an LED fixture; and the LED fixture is provided with an LED lamp and a power supply / communication circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, the optical path supporting structure 1-3 is provided with three beam splitter prism grooves; each beam splitter prism groove is inserted with a beam splitter prism 1-6.

[0018] Furthermore, the housing cover plate 1 is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

[0019] Furthermore, the base 2 is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

[0020] Furthermore, the sleeve 3 is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This invention utilizes the principle of geometric optics autocollimation to convert the two-dimensional angular variation of the reflector into corresponding linear quantity variations on two linear charge couplers. By collecting the device output signals and calculating the linear quantity variation through data processing, the angular variation is calculated using the autocollimation formula, thereby achieving high-precision two-dimensional angular measurement. This invention not only enables static measurements over a wide range of ±1000″, but also high-speed dynamic measurements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall rendering of the mechanical structure of a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system in an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 An exploded view of the mechanical structure of a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is the geometric optical autocollimation principle of a dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the light spot position of a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 A V-shaped reticle measurement principle diagram of a dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a simplified diagram of the optical system structure of a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system in an embodiment.

[0030] In the figure: 1 is the outer shell cover; 2 is the base; 3 is the sleeve; 1-1 is the upper cover; 1-2 is the lower cover; 1-3 is the optical path support structure; 1-4 is the LED fixture; 1-5 is the linear array charge coupler; 1-6 is the beam splitter prism; 3-1 is the spherical objective lens; 4 is the light source; 5 is the graticule; 6 is the reflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art will readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. The present invention may also be implemented or applied through various other specific embodiments, and the details in this specification may be modified or altered based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity, and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.

[0033] The specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a dual-line array high-speed self-collimation small-angle measurement system includes a housing cover 1, optical path support structures 1-3, a base 2, and a sleeve 3;

[0035] The housing cover 1 is used to protect the main components and includes an upper cover 1-1 and a lower cover 1-2;

[0036] The optical path support structure 1-3 is installed inside the housing cover 1 and is used to install and fix various optical devices; the optical path support structure 1-3 is installed with hardware circuits and a beam splitter prism;

[0037] The hardware circuit includes a power supply / communication circuit, a device driving circuit, and a signal conditioning / acquisition circuit; the device driving circuit includes a device driving circuit board and two linear array charge couplers;

[0038] The two linear array charge couplers, device driver circuit board and signal conditioning / acquisition circuit are installed on the upper cover 1-1;

[0039] The optical path support structure 1-3 is provided with an LED lamp, a power supply / communication circuit and a spectroscopic prism;

[0040] One end of the sleeve 3 is connected to the housing cover 1 through the base 2, and the other end is mounted with a spherical objective lens 3-1 to provide a basic focal length f for the spherical objective lens 3-1.

[0041] Preferably, the power supply / communication circuit adopts USB single-line mode, that is, the USB not only provides the total power supply of the circuit, but also performs data transmission, and transmits the original data stored in the memory to the host computer.

[0042] Preferably, the linear array charge coupled device driving timing is realized by using a micro central controller series.

[0043] Preferably, the signal conditioning / acquisition circuit utilizes an operational amplifier circuit in conjunction with a digital-to-analog converter chip to amplify and acquire signals; and the data acquisition of the digital-to-analog converter chip is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer.

[0044] Preferably, the LED is a high-performance lamp, and the I / O pin of STM32 is used for frequency modulation output to achieve the effect of distinguishing the background light source.

[0045] Preferably, the optical path supporting structure 1-3 is provided with two LED slots; each LED slot is inserted with an LED fixture; the LED fixture is provided with an LED lamp and a power supply / communication circuit.

[0046] Preferably, the optical path supporting structure 1-3 is provided with three beam splitter prism grooves; each beam splitter prism groove is inserted with a beam splitter prism 1-6.

[0047] Preferably, the housing cover plate 1 is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

[0048] Preferably, the base 2 is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

[0049] Preferably, the sleeve 3 is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

[0050] The principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0051] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the autocollimator of this patent utilizes the self-collimation principle of geometric optics, employing plane mirrors to reflect and collimate light. The self-collimation principle states that light from light source 4 first passes through reticle 5 and beam splitter prisms 1-6 to produce a parallel beam. This beam is then reflected by vertically positioned reflector 6, and then passes through beam splitter prisms 1-6 again to form an image on reticle 5 that coincides with the reticle. When reflector 6 is tilted at a slight angle а, the reflected light will be tilted at twice that angle.

[0052] After the light source passes through the beam splitter prism assembly, the final split light source is reflected and focused onto the photosensitive surface of the linear charge coupler array 1-5. When the reflector 6 rotates by a smaller angle θ, the distance s between the light spot and the photosensitive surface of the linear charge coupler array 1-5 will change accordingly. The relationship between the two is as follows:

[0053] s=f·tg(2θ)

[0054] Where f is the focal length of the collimating spherical objective lens 3-1. Since the measured angle θ is extremely small, the above formula can be simplified to:

[0055] s=f·2θ That is: θ=s / 2f

[0056] From this we can know that the working length s of the light spot is approximately proportional to the measured angle θ. Then, by performing certain processing and calculating the signals of the linear array charge couplers 1-5, the size of the light spot position s can be obtained, as shown in the following example: Figure 4 shown.

[0057] s=[(I2-I1)(I2+I1)]·L / 2 (1)

[0058] In formula (1), s is the effective working length of the light spot away from the middle position of the linear array charge coupler 1-5; L is the effective working length of the linear array charge coupler 1-5; I1 and I2 are the transmitted currents from the two end electrodes when the linear array charge coupler 1-5 is working. Let I = I1 + I2, ΔI = I2 - I1.

[0059] For a specific system, L and I are considered constants. Therefore, the working displacement of the light spot is linearly related to the difference in current transmitted by the electrodes at both ends:

[0060] θ=(1 / 2f)[(I2-I1)(I1+I2)]L / 2=(L / 4fI)ΔI

[0061] Right now:

[0062] θ=k·ΔI

[0063] k is a constant in the formula. The photocurrent transmitted by the linear array charge couplers 1-5 is converted into current and voltage (I / V). After mathematical calculations, the two sum and difference voltage signals are input into an A / D converter by a follower (U) and finally sent to a computer for processing.

[0064] The dividing plate 5 of the present invention is V-shaped. Figure 5 As shown, the V-shaped slit is imaged on the image plane of the charge coupler 1-5 through the optical system. If the image of the V-shaped slit has two-dimensional displacements ΔX and ΔY in the X and Y directions, the corresponding two-dimensional displacement can be obtained by the changes in the intercepted distances Δ1 and Δ2 of the V-shaped slit on the image plane.

[0065] ΔX=AA′=BB′

[0066]

[0067] To achieve equal measurement ranges in the X and Y directions, the angle of the V-shaped slit must be 90°, that is: 2α = 90°.

[0068] Although the present invention has been disclosed above in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may use the above-disclosed contents to make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the contents of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system, characterized in that: It comprises a housing cover (1), an optical path support structure (1-3), a base (2), and a sleeve (3); The housing cover (1) is used to protect main components and comprises an upper cover (1-1) and a lower cover (1-2); The optical path support structure (1-3) is installed inside the housing cover (1) and is used to install and fix various optical devices; the optical path support structure (1-3) is installed with a hardware circuit and a beam splitter prism; The hardware circuit includes a power supply / communication circuit, a device driving circuit, and a signal conditioning / acquisition circuit; the device driving circuit includes a device driving circuit board and two linear array charge couplers; The two linear array charge couplers, the device driving circuit board and the signal conditioning / acquisition circuit are installed on the upper cover plate (1-1); The optical path support structure (1-3) is provided with an LED lamp, a power supply / communication circuit and a beam splitter prism; One end of the sleeve (3) is connected to the outer shell cover (1) through a base (2), and the other end is mounted with a spherical objective lens (3-1), providing a basic focal length f for the spherical objective lens (3-1).

2. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply / communication circuit adopts the USB single-line mode, that is, the USB not only provides the total power supply of the circuit, but also performs data transmission, and transmits the original data stored in the memory to the host computer.

3. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The linear array charge coupled device driving timing is realized by using a micro central controller series.

4. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The signal conditioning / acquisition circuit utilizes an operational amplifier circuit in conjunction with a digital-to-analog converter chip to amplify and acquire signals; the data acquisition of the digital-to-analog converter chip is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer.

5. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The LED is a high-performance lamp that uses the I / O pin of STM32 to perform frequency modulation output to achieve the function of distinguishing the background light source.

6. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path supporting structure (1-3) is provided with two LED slots; each LED slot is inserted with an LED fixture; the LED fixture is provided with an LED lamp and a power supply / communication circuit.

7. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path supporting structure (1-3) is provided with three beam splitter prism grooves; each beam splitter prism groove is inserted with a beam splitter prism (1-6).

8. The dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The housing cover plate (1) is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

9. A dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The base (2) is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

10. The dual-line array high-speed autocollimation small-angle measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (3) is made of 100Cr6 bearing steel.

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