High-flow-velocity river deepwater stratified water quality sampling equipment and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of river deepwater quality monitoring, and discloses high-flow-velocity river deepwater layered water quality sampling equipment and method, and the high-flow-velocity river deepwater layered water quality sampling equipment comprises a collection cylinder and a plurality of samplers; the collecting barrel is of a hollow structure, the plurality of samplers are detachably communicated with the plurality of connecting ports in the top of the collecting barrel respectively, a water outlet pipe is mounted at the bottom of the collecting barrel, each sampler comprises a shell, a floating plate extending outwards is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a floating cavity is formed in the shell, and a water passing cavity is formed in the center of the bottom of the floating cavity; a plurality of water passing pipes are evenly arranged on the outer side of the water passing cavity, a mounting hole is formed in the center of the water passing cavity, a water taking pipe is vertically arranged in the shell and penetrates through the mounting hole of the water passing cavity, the connecting opening is communicated with one end of the water taking pipe, the other end of the water taking pipe is connected with a corrugated pipe, and a guide mechanism is installed on the outer side of the corrugated pipe and communicated with the water passing cavity. And a plurality of floating units are mounted on the guide mechanism. The device can accurately collect water samples at different depths and positions of a river, and has good stability and operability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of river deep water quality monitoring, in particular to a device and method for sampling deep water stratification in a high-flow river. Background Art

[0002] Deepwater stratified water sampling equipment is used to collect water samples at different depths within a river. This equipment accurately captures water quality data from these different layers, enabling comprehensive water quality analysis. In rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water, water often exhibits distinct stratification due to factors such as temperature, salinity, and density, and water quality characteristics can vary significantly at different depths. Deepwater stratified water sampling equipment is crucial for obtaining accurate water quality information, particularly when conducting environmental monitoring, pollution source tracing, or water quality assessments.

[0003] Among them, the flow rate of the river is uncontrollable, or when encountering natural disasters, the water in the high-flow river is turbulent, which will cause the sampler deployed in the river to be easily supported by the water flow. The general sampler is difficult to stabilize, which will cause the sampler to tilt or even overturn, making it impossible to perform sampling normally, and it is impossible to accurately collect water samples according to the predetermined depth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a high-flow river deep water stratification water quality sampling device and method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling device, comprising a collecting tube and a plurality of samplers; The collecting tube has a hollow structure, and several samplers are detachably connected to several connecting ports on the top of the collecting tube. A water outlet pipe is installed at the bottom of the collecting tube. The sampler includes a shell, a floating plate extending outward is provided at the bottom of the shell, a floating cavity is provided in the shell, a water flow cavity is provided at the bottom center of the floating cavity, several water flow pipes are evenly provided on the outside of the water flow cavity, a mounting hole is opened in the center of the water flow cavity, a water intake pipe is vertically arranged in the shell, the water intake pipe passes through the mounting hole of the water flow cavity, the connecting port is connected to one end of the water intake pipe, and the other end of the water intake pipe is connected to the corrugated pipe. A guide mechanism is installed on the outside of the corrugated pipe, the guide mechanism is connected to the water flow cavity, and several floating units are installed on the guide mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting port is detachably connected to one end of the water intake pipe through a connecting pipe, and a connecting port cover is detachably installed on each of the connecting ports. A water outlet is opened at the bottom center of the collecting cylinder, one end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected to a water pump or a water pumping pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, a number of U-shaped frames are evenly installed on the bottom circumference of the collecting cylinder, and a support leg is installed in the U-shaped frame. One end of the support leg is rotatably installed between the vertical ends of the U-shaped frame, and the other end of the support leg is set as a sharp end. A limit plate is provided on one side of the U-shaped frame, and both sides of the limit plate are respectively connected to the vertical ends of the U-shaped frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the shell is hemispherical in shape, a mounting hole is provided at the center of the shell, and the top end of the water intake pipe passes through the mounting hole of the shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a first positioning ring, which is installed at the bottom of the water chamber. The first positioning ring is connected to one end of the bellows through a first quick interface, and the other end of the bellows is installed with an assembly ring through a second quick interface.

[0010] Furthermore, a number of straight tubes are evenly installed on the circumference of the first positioning ring, one end of the straight tube extends into the water cavity, and the other end of the straight tube extends toward the assembly ring. A second positioning ring is installed on the waist of the straight tube, and a gap is set between the second positioning ring and the corrugated tube. A number of drainage holes are opened on the straight tube, and a one-way valve structure is arranged at intervals between the drainage holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the floating unit includes several first rotating parts, which are evenly installed on the outer circumference of the first positioning ring. The first rotating part is rotatably connected to one end of the first rotating rod, the other end of the first rotating rod is connected to the second rotating part, the second rotating part is rotatably connected to one end of the second rotating rod, and the other end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the tail plate.

[0012] Furthermore, first curved plates are installed on both sides of the first rotating rod, and second curved plates are installed on both sides of the second rotating rod. Several groups of curved strip holes are opened on the first curved plate and the second curved plate along the length direction.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting device is installed between the second rotating rod and the second rotating part, and the limiting device includes a first arc bar and a second arc bar, the first arc bar is installed on both sides of the second arc bar, one end of the first arc bar is connected to the second rotating part, and the other end of the first arc bar extends to the second rotating rod, one end of the second arc bar is connected to the second rotating rod, and the other end of the second arc bar extends to the second rotating part, an arc-shaped sliding hole is opened on the inner side of the first arc bar, and sliding blocks are installed on both sides of the end of the second arc bar away from the second rotating rod, the sliding blocks are slidably connected to the arc-shaped sliding holes, and the central angles of the first arc bar and the second arc bar are both less than 90°.

[0014] A method for sampling water quality in deep water layers of a high-velocity river using the device comprises: The collecting tube is placed on the bank or near the river bank, and several samplers are placed at different positions in the river channel to collect water samples at different positions or depths; The floating cavity inside the sampler shell provides buoyancy for the sampler, so that the sampler remains on the water surface. When the shell is affected by water flow or waves, the float plate shakes on the water surface, and water enters the water cavity from the water pipe, forming a dynamic balance from the outside of the shell to the water cavity, promoting the floating effect of the floating unit on the sampler, so that the sampler remains stably on the water surface. Connect one of the samplers to the collecting tube. The guide mechanism of the sampler extends the bellows to the preset position of the river channel to carry out sampling at the corresponding depth and position. The water sample collected by the bellows enters the collecting tube through the water intake pipe and then is collected through the water outlet pipe. After the collection is completed, the collecting tube is connected to the sampler at the next position to collect water samples.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a deep-water stratified water quality sampling device for high-velocity rivers. By designing a hollow collection tube, the sampler provides space for collecting water samples. The sampler features a bionic jellyfish-like design. An outward-extending float is positioned at the bottom of the sampler's housing, keeping the sampler in the river. When the housing is affected by currents or waves, the float acts on the float, causing it to oscillate on the water surface. This helps the sampler adapt to complex water flow environments and enhances its stability in high-velocity water. A flotation chamber is located within the housing, with a water passage located at the bottom center of the chamber. Several water passages are evenly spaced outside the passages. These passages allow water to enter the passages, creating a dynamic equilibrium between the housing's exterior and the passages. This promotes the floating effect of the float on the housing, keeping it stable on the water surface and ensuring accurate sampling. The samplers are detachably connected to several connectors at the top of the collection tube, allowing flexible combination of different samplers to sample at different depths and locations according to actual sampling needs. This can be achieved by simply deploying the samplers, making sampling convenient for operators. An outlet pipe is installed at the bottom of the collection tube to facilitate the discharge of the collected water samples, realizing the collection and output functions of water samples. A mounting hole is opened in the center of the water chamber, and a water intake pipe is vertically arranged in the shell. The water intake pipe passes through the mounting hole of the water chamber, and the connecting port is connected to one end of the water intake pipe, and the other end of the water intake pipe is connected to the bellows. The bellows has a certain flexibility and can adapt to the changes of the water intake pipe at different depths and angles, and can also prevent the water intake pipe from being damaged. A guide mechanism is installed on the outside of the bellows. The guide mechanism can guide the bellows to a specific position to ensure that the layered water samples on the specified vertical line are vertically taken, thereby improving the accuracy and flexibility of sampling. The guide mechanism is connected to the water chamber, and a number of floating units are installed on the guide mechanism. The reasonable arrangement of components such as the guide mechanism and the floating unit further enables the sampler to remain stable in high-flow rivers, thereby improving the efficiency of sampling. The present invention can accurately collect water samples at different depths and locations in the river, and has good stability and operability. It solves the shortcomings of existing sampling equipment in deep water stratified sampling, provides more accurate and reliable data for water quality monitoring, and helps to understand the river water quality more comprehensively and in-depth, providing strong support for water resource protection and management.

[0016] Furthermore, the connection port and the water intake pipe are detachably connected to facilitate connection or disconnection of the sampler and the collection tube according to actual conditions. The connection port cover can be sealed when the connection port is not in use to prevent debris from entering the collection tube and ensure that the inside of the collection tube is clean.

[0017] Furthermore, a U-shaped frame is installed at the bottom of the collecting tube to provide an installation base for the legs. The sharp end of the legs makes it easy to insert the collecting tube into the riverbed or fix it in a specific position. At the same time, a limit plate is installed to limit the rotation range of the legs to prevent the legs from rotating excessively and causing the collecting tube to become unstable. This ensures that the collecting tube can be accurately fixed in the predetermined position, reduces the shaking caused by the impact of water flow, and ensures the smooth progress of the sampling work.

[0018] Furthermore, a gap is set between the second positioning ring and the bellows to provide a certain space for the expansion and contraction and deformation of the bellows, thereby avoiding interference between the bellows and the straight pipe during the expansion and contraction process, ensuring that the bellows can work normally, and also helping to stabilize the position of the straight pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, a straight tube is installed on the first positioning ring. The straight tube extends into the water chamber to increase the contact area between water and the internal structure of the sampler. A drainage hole is opened on the straight tube and a one-way valve structure is installed, which can adjust the flow direction and flow rate of water, so that the water forms a specific flow pattern in the water chamber, which helps to improve the stability of the sampler in the water.

[0020] Furthermore, the multi-stage rotating structure of the floating unit can flexibly adjust its posture according to changes in water flow and waves, better adapt to different hydrodynamic environments, provide a more stable floating effect for the sampler, and ensure that the sampler always remains in a suitable water surface position for sampling.

[0021] Furthermore, the limiting device limits the rotation range of the second rotating rod through the cooperation of the first arc bar and the second arc bar and the sliding block and the arc sliding hole, preventing the floating unit from losing stability due to excessive rotation in the water, ensuring that the floating unit can always effectively provide buoyancy support for the sampler, and ensuring the normal operation of the sampler in the water.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for stratified water quality sampling in deep water of high-velocity rivers. By placing a collection tube on the shore or near the riverbank, it is convenient for operators to monitor, control and collect samples of the equipment, reducing the difficulty and risk of operating in the water. Samplers placed in different positions can collect water samples at different positions or depths of the river, meeting the needs of comprehensive and multi-dimensional analysis of river water quality and improving the representativeness and accuracy of sampling. The floating chamber and float plate in the sampler shell provide buoyancy. When subjected to high-velocity water flow or waves, water enters the water chamber from the water pipe to form a dynamic balance, promoting the floating effect of the floating unit, so that the sampler remains stable on the water surface, ensuring the position and posture of the sampler during the sampling process, and thus obtaining accurate water samples. By sequentially connecting the samplers and collection tubes at different positions, sampling at corresponding depths and positions is carried out, an orderly and efficient sampling process is achieved, and water sample collection work at multiple sampling points can be quickly completed, improving overall sampling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the attached drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following attached drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related attached drawings can also be obtained based on these attached drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional assembly structure schematic diagram of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a connection port cover installation structure schematic diagram of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a leg installation structure schematic diagram of the collection cylinder of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a floating unit installation structure schematic diagram of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a limit device installation structure schematic diagram of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a bottom view of the sampler of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a sectional schematic diagram of the sampler of the high-flow-rate river deep-layer water quality sampling device of the present invention along C-C.

[0031] Where: 1 - collection cylinder, 2 - connecting pipe, 3 - housing, 4 - water intake pipe, 5 - connection port, 6 - connection port cover, 7 - U-shaped frame, 8 - leg, 9 - limiting plate, 10 - floating plate, 11 - water passing cavity, 12 - water passing pipe, 13 - first positioning ring, 14 - first rotating rod, 15 - second rotating rod, 16 - first rotating part, 17 - second rotating part, 18 - tail plate, 19 - first arc plate, 20 - second arc plate, 21 - arc-shaped strip hole, 22 - first arc-shaped strip, 23 - second arc-shaped strip, 24 - arc-shaped sliding hole, 25 - sliding block, 26 - first quick interface, 27 - second quick interface, 28 - bellows, ...... Specific embodiments

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," etc. appear to indicate an orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: See also Figure 1The present invention provides a high-flow river deep water stratification water quality sampling device, including a collecting tube 1 and a plurality of samplers. The interior of the collecting tube 1 is a hollow structure, and the collecting tube 1 is used to temporarily store the sampled water. The collecting tube 1 can be arranged on the bank or at a certain position near the river bank in the river. The plurality of samplers are distributed at different positions of the river channel, and are used to collect water samples at different positions or depths. The sampler and the collecting tube 1 are connected by a connecting tube 2, so that the sampled water can enter the interior of the collecting tube 1 for collection. When collecting water samples at different depths or positions, the corresponding connecting tubes 2 are respectively connected to the sampling tube 1 to collect water samples at different positions or depths.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a number of connection ports 5 are evenly arranged on the top of the collecting tube 1, and the connection ports 5 are respectively used for detachably installing one end of the connecting pipe 2. A quick-release joint can be provided between the connection port 5 and the connecting pipe 2, so that it can be quickly replaced during replacement. A connection port cover 6 can be detachably installed on the connection port 5, such as a threaded connection or a snap-on connection. A water outlet is provided at the bottom center of the collecting tube 1, and the water outlet is connected to one end of a water outlet pipe 34, and the other end of the water outlet pipe 34 extends outward so that water can be taken. When sampling, the water outlet pipe 34 can be connected to a water pump or a water pumping pipeline, which can discharge the water sample in the collecting tube 1 more quickly and efficiently.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the collection tube 1 is evenly circumferentially arranged with the center of the tube 1 as the center. The horizontal ends of the U-shaped frames 7 are connected to the bottom of the collection tube 1. A support leg 8 is rotatably connected between the two vertical ends of the U-shaped frames 7. The end of the support leg 8 away from the collection tube 1 is configured with a sharp end to facilitate insertion of the support leg 8 into the riverbed and enhance the stability of the collection tube 1. A limit plate 9 is provided near the outside of the collection tube 1. The two sides of the limit plate 9 are connected to the two vertical ends of the U-shaped frame 7. The height of the limit plate 9 is smaller than the height of the vertical end of the U-shaped frame 7. It is used to limit the rotation range of the support leg 8, ensuring that the support leg 8 supports the collection tube 1 at the appropriate angle.

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, the sampler includes a housing 3, which is hemispherical, resembling the head of a jellyfish. This shape reduces the impact of water flow on the housing 3 and improves the sampler's stability in the water. A flotation chamber is provided within the housing 3, providing buoyancy for the sampler, keeping it above the surface of the river and providing stable support. A water intake pipe 4 is vertically positioned within the housing 3. A mounting hole is provided in the center of the housing 3, through which the top end of the water intake pipe 4 passes. The ends of the water intake pipe 4 extend along the height of the housing 3, extending one end toward the bottom of the river, allowing for sampling of the water below. During sampling, the other end of the water intake pipe 4 is connected to the connection port 5 of the collection tube 1 via one end of the connecting pipe 2. The connection caps 6 of the remaining connection ports 5 remain closed. Sampling is performed at the corresponding location and depth. To sample at other locations, the corresponding connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the collection tube 1 is simply replaced.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a rope can be deployed between the sampler and the sampling tube 1 to further improve the connection effect and stability.

[0042] The bottom of the housing 3 is provided with an outwardly extending float 10, which further increases the buoyancy and stability of the housing 3. A water passage chamber 11 is provided at the center of the bottom of the float 10. A mounting hole is provided in the center of the water passage chamber 11, allowing the water intake pipe 4 to extend downward through the water passage chamber 11. Several water passage pipes 12 are evenly arranged on the outside of the water passage chamber 11. The water passage pipes 12 are used to connect the inside and outside of the water passage chamber 11, allowing water to smoothly enter the water intake pipe 4. Once inside the water passage chamber 11, the water fills the entire water passage chamber 11, creating a gravity force on the bottom of the entire housing 3. Under the action of the float 10, it is prevented from shaking easily, thus promoting the overall stability of the sampler.

[0043] Several floating units are evenly arranged at the bottom of the shell 3 with the center of the shell 3 as the center of the circle. The floating units are used to allow the shell 3 to float on the surface of the river channel so that it can remain stable. The floating unit includes a first rotating rod 14 and a second rotating rod 15. A first positioning ring 13 is provided at the edge of the mounting hole at the bottom of the water chamber 11. Several first rotating parts 16 are installed on the outer circumference of the first positioning ring 13. One end of the first rotating rod 14 is rotatably connected to the first rotating part 16. The other end of the first rotating rod 14 is provided with a second rotating part 17. The second rotating part 17 is respectively connected to one end of the second rotating rod 15. The other end of the second rotating rod 15 is respectively rotatably connected to the tail plate 18. Figure 5 As shown, the structure formed by the first rotating rod 14, the second rotating rod 15 and the tail plate 18 is similar to the tentacles of a jellyfish. The three are connected together and connected at the first rotating part 16, so that the stability of the floating unit in the water can be increased.

[0044] A first curved plate 19 is provided on either side of the first rotating rod 14, and a second curved plate 20 is provided on either side of the second rotating rod 15. Each of the first and second curved plates 19, 20 is uniformly provided with multiple groups of curved slots 21 along its length. These first and second curved plates 19, 20 facilitate the movement of the structure formed by the first and second rotating rods 14, 15, and tail plate 18 when subjected to currents, creating a flow of water in different directions in the water below the sampler. When multiple floating units are engaged, the sampler can float stably on the surface of the water. The curved slots 21 reduce the resistance of the first and second curved plates 19, 20 to water, preventing it from interfering with the rotation of the first and second rotating rods 14, 15 relative to the first and second rotating parts 16, 17, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the "tentacle" formed by the entire structure.

[0045] A limiting device is provided between the second rotating rod 15 and the second rotating portion 17. The limiting device includes a pair of first curved bars 22 and a second curved bar 23. The pair of first curved bars 22 are mounted on either side of the second curved bar 23. One end of the first curved bar 22 is connected to the second rotating portion 17, and the other end extends toward the second rotating rod 15. One end of the second curved bar 23 is connected to the second rotating rod 15, and the other end extends toward the second rotating portion 17. The second curved bar 23 and the pair of first curved bars 22 are slidably connected. Each of the pair of first curved bars 22 has an arcuate sliding hole 24 defined on its inner side. Sliding blocks 25 are provided on either side of the end of the second curved bar 23 facing away from the second rotating rod 15. The second curved bar 23 is slidably connected to the arcuate sliding hole 24 of the first curved bar 22 through the sliding blocks 25. The sliding blocks 25 slide within the arcuate sliding holes 24 toward the ends of the second curved bar 23. The central angles of the first curved strip 22 and the second curved strip 23 are both less than 90°, allowing the limiting device to limit the rotation range of the second rotating rod 15 relative to the first rotating rod 14, thereby ensuring the stability of the floating unit. The angle between the first rotating rod 14 and the second rotating rod 15 is limited to between 90° and 180°, allowing the second rotating rod 15 and the tail plate 18 to extend outward relative to each other. This allows the structure formed by the second curved plate 20 of the second rotating rod 15 and the tail plate 18 to always float relative to the outside, thereby promoting overall stability. In addition to the frictional restraint formed by the sliding connection between the first curved strip 22 and the second curved strip 23, a further restraint is formed by the sliding block 25 sliding within the arc-shaped sliding hole 24, preventing the angle between the first rotating rod 14 and the second rotating rod 15 from changing too quickly, thereby ensuring the stability of the floating unit.

[0046] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the first positioning ring 13 is installed at the bottom of the water passage chamber 11. The downwardly extending end of the water intake pipe 4 is connected to the bellows 28. The first positioning ring 13 is connected to one end of the bellows 28 via a first quick-connection 26. The other end of the bellows 28 is mounted with an assembly ring 33 via a second quick-connection 27. The first quick-connection 26 and the second quick-connection 27 can be threaded interfaces. A corresponding threaded interface is provided between the bellows 28, allowing the bellows 28 to be quickly replaced. For example, different sizes of bellows 28 can be provided for sampling according to different sampling depths or water depths. The bellows 28 has a certain degree of flexibility, which can adapt to the changes in the depth and angle of the water intake pipe 4 and also prevent damage to the water intake pipe 4. The assembly ring 33 can provide a certain weight. Different sizes of assembly rings 33 can be selected according to the water depth and the bellows 28, allowing the bellows 28 to extend to a predetermined position in the river channel for sampling at the corresponding depth and position.

[0047] Several straight tubes 30 are evenly mounted around the circumference of the first positioning ring 13. A second positioning ring 29 is mounted at the waist of each straight tube 30. Both the first positioning ring 13 and the second positioning ring 29 are spaced apart from the bellows 28. One end of each straight tube 30 extends into the water passage chamber 11, while the other end passes through the second positioning ring 29 and extends toward the assembly ring 33. Each straight tube 30 has several drainage holes 31 on one side near one of the first and second rotating rods 14 and 15. Each straight tube 30 is provided with a Tesla check valve structure 32 located between the two drainage holes 31 and at one end away from the holes. The check valve structure 32 directs flow from the water passage chamber 11 toward the straight tube 30. The second positioning ring 29 not only serves as a guide, allowing the bellows 28 to pass through, but also facilitates the stable connection between the straight tube 30 and the first positioning ring 13, making the overall structure more stable and preventing the straight tube 30 from bending.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the end of the straight tube 30 away from the shell 3 is connected to a micro water pump, which can promote the flow rate of water in the process of flowing downward from the outside of the shell 3, through the water pipe 12, the water cavity 11 and then into the straight tube 30, thereby promoting the dynamic balance of the water.

[0049] The method for sampling deep water stratification in a high-velocity river of the present invention comprises: The collecting tube 1 is arranged on the bank or near the bank of the river, and the samplers are arranged at different positions of the river channel to collect water samples at different positions or depths.

[0050] The sampler adopts a bionic jellyfish design, which allows the sampler to remain in the river channel. When the shell 3 is affected by high-speed water flow or waves, it acts on the float 10, causing the float 10 to sway on the water surface. At this time, due to the setting of the water pipe 12, water enters the water cavity 11 and forms a dynamic balance from the outside of the shell 3 to the inside of the water cavity 11, promoting the floating effect of the floating unit on the shell 3, so that it can remain stably on the water surface.

[0051] After water enters the water passage chamber 11 through the water passage pipe 12, it flows downward through the straight pipe 30. Due to the one-way valve structure 32 provided on the straight pipe 30, the overall water flow direction is from the outside of the housing 3, through the water passage pipe 12, through the water passage chamber 11, and then downward into the straight pipe 30, and then out through the drainage hole 31 and the other end of the straight pipe 30 extending into the adapter ring 33. During this process, the one-way valve structure 32 can promote the one-way flow of water, making its flow direction uniform. Part of the water flows through the drainage hole 31 and acts on the area of the first curved plate 19 and the second curved plate 20, forming an outward water surge at the first curved plate 19 and the second curved plate 20, promoting the swing of the first curved plate 19, the second curved plate 20, and the tail plate 18. Similar to the tentacles of a jellyfish, the floating units can act simultaneously to promote the stability of the entire sampler. At the same time, the water in the straight tube 30 also flows toward the assembly ring 33 . When the water flows into contact with the assembly ring 33 , it begins to disperse toward the outside of the assembly ring 33 , thereby further promoting the floating unit to remain stable in the water.

[0052] Connect one of the samplers to the collection tube 1. The sampler's guiding action causes the bellows 28 to extend to a preset position in the river channel, allowing sampling at the corresponding depth and location. The water sample collected by the bellows 28 enters the collection tube 1 through the water intake pipe 4 and is then collected through the outlet pipe 34. After the collection is completed, the collection tube 1 is connected to the sampler at the next location to collect water samples. For sampling at different depths and locations, sampling can be achieved by deploying samplers separately, making it convenient for operators to collect samples.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling device, characterized in that: It includes a collecting tube (1) and a plurality of samplers; The collecting tube (1) is a hollow structure. Several samplers are detachably connected to several connecting ports (5) on the top of the collecting tube (1). A water outlet pipe (34) is installed at the bottom of the collecting tube (1). The sampler includes a shell (3). A floating plate (10) extending outward is provided at the bottom of the shell (3). A floating cavity is provided in the shell (3). A water flow cavity (11) is provided at the bottom center of the floating cavity. Several water flow pipes (12) are evenly provided on the outside of the water flow cavity (11). A mounting hole is opened at the center of the water flow cavity (11). A water intake pipe (4) is vertically provided in the shell (3). The water intake pipe (4) passes through the mounting hole of the water flow cavity (11). The connecting port (5) is connected to one end of the water intake pipe (4). The other end of the water intake pipe (4) is connected to the bellows (28). A guide mechanism is installed on the outside of the bellows (28). The guide mechanism is connected to the water flow cavity (11). Several floating units are installed on the guide mechanism.

2. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting port (5) is detachably connected to one end of the water intake pipe (4) through the connecting pipe (2), and a connecting port cover (6) is detachably mounted on each of the connecting ports (5). A water outlet is provided at the center of the bottom of the collecting cylinder (1), one end of the water outlet pipe (34) is connected to the water outlet, and the other end of the water outlet pipe (34) is connected to a water pump or a water pumping pipeline.

3. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of U-shaped frames (7) are evenly installed on the bottom circumference of the collecting cylinder (1), and a support leg (8) is installed in the U-shaped frame (7). One end of the support leg (8) is rotatably installed between the vertical ends of the U-shaped frame (7), and the other end of the support leg (8) is set as a sharp end. A limit plate (9) is set on one side of the U-shaped frame (7), and both sides of the limit plate (9) are respectively connected to the vertical ends of the U-shaped frame (7).

4. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (3) is hemispherical in shape, and a mounting hole is provided at the center of the shell (3). The top end of the water intake pipe (4) passes through the mounting hole of the shell (3).

5. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide mechanism includes a first positioning ring (13), which is installed at the bottom of the water chamber (11). The first positioning ring (13) is connected to one end of the bellows (28) through a first quick connector (26), and the other end of the bellows (28) is installed with an assembly ring (33) through a second quick connector (27).

6. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of straight tubes (30) are evenly installed on the circumference of the first positioning ring (13), one end of the straight tube (30) extends into the water cavity (11), and the other end of the straight tube (30) extends toward the assembly ring (33). A second positioning ring (29) is installed at the waist of the straight tube (30), and a gap is set between the second positioning ring (29) and the bellows (28). A plurality of drainage holes (31) are opened on the straight tube (30), and a one-way valve structure (32) is spaced between the drainage holes (31).

7. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The floating unit includes a plurality of first rotating parts (16), which are evenly installed on the outer circumference of the first positioning ring (13), the first rotating part (16) is rotatably connected to one end of the first rotating rod (14), the other end of the first rotating rod (14) is connected to the second rotating part (17), the second rotating part (17) is rotatably connected to one end of the second rotating rod (15), and the other end of the second rotating rod (15) is rotatably connected to the tail plate (18).

8. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first arc-shaped plate (19) is installed on both sides of the first rotating rod (14), and a second arc-shaped plate (20) is installed on both sides of the second rotating rod (15). The first arc-shaped plate (19) and the second arc-shaped plate (20) are both provided with a plurality of groups of arc-shaped strip holes (21) along the length direction.

9. The high-velocity river deep water stratification water quality sampling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting device is installed between the second rotating rod (15) and the second rotating part (17), and the limiting device includes a first arc strip (22) and a second arc strip (23). The first arc strip (22) is installed on both sides of the second arc strip (23), one end of the first arc strip (22) is connected to the second rotating part (17), and the other end of the first arc strip (22) extends to the second rotating rod (15), one end of the second arc strip (23) is connected to the second rotating rod (15), and the other end of the second arc strip (23) extends to the second rotating part (17), an arc-shaped sliding hole (24) is opened on the inner side of the first arc strip (22), and sliding blocks (25) are installed on both sides of one end of the second arc strip (23) away from the second rotating rod (15), and the sliding blocks (25) are slidably connected to the arc-shaped sliding hole (24), and the central angles of the first arc strip (22) and the second arc strip (23) are both less than 90°.

10. A method for sampling deep water quality in a high-velocity river using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The collecting tube (1) is arranged on the bank or near the bank of the river, and a plurality of samplers are arranged at different positions of the river channel to collect water samples at different positions or depths; The floating cavity in the sampler housing (3) provides buoyancy for the sampler, so that the sampler remains on the water surface. When the housing (3) is subjected to high-speed water flow or waves, the float plate (10) shakes on the water surface, and water enters the water cavity (11) from the water pipe (12), thereby forming a dynamic balance from the outside of the housing (3) to the water cavity (11), promoting the floating effect of the floating unit on the sampler, so that the sampler remains stably on the water surface. One of the samplers is connected to the collection tube (1), and the guide mechanism of the sampler causes the bellows (28) to extend to a preset position in the river channel to perform sampling at the corresponding depth and position. The water sample collected by the bellows (28) enters the collection tube (1) through the water intake pipe (4), and then is collected through the water outlet pipe (34). After the collection is completed, the collection tube (1) is connected to the sampler at the next position to collect water samples.

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