Inserting and tamping instrument and method for pervious concrete test piece

Abstract

The invention discloses a pervious concrete test piece inserting and tamping instrument and method.The pervious concrete test piece inserting and tamping instrument comprises a base, a rotary strike bearing mechanism, a test piece manufacturing mold, a door-shaped frame and a lifting adjusting mechanism, the rotary strike bearing mechanism comprises a bearing cushion block and a rotary part, the test piece manufacturing mold is installed at the top of the bearing cushion block, and a hammering mechanism comprises a guide rod and a heavy hammer; the inserting and tamping mechanism comprises a connecting block and a concrete tamping rod, and the lifting adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer or the connecting block; the method comprises the following steps: 1, mounting a test piece manufacturing mold; secondly, a concrete tamping rod is installed on the lifting adjusting mechanism; 3, inserting and tamping the pervious concrete test piece; fourthly, a hammering mechanism is installed on the lifting adjusting mechanism; 5, hammering and manufacturing the pervious concrete test piece; and 6, testing the pervious concrete test piece. The device is reasonable in design, and the pervious concrete test piece is manufactured under different insertion and tamping times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights and hammering times, and the permeability coefficient and compressive strength of the pervious concrete test piece are tested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of permeable concrete testing, and in particular relates to an instrument and method for compacting a permeable concrete specimen by ramming. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, permeable concrete, primarily composed of cement, aggregate, and reinforcing agents, has developed a porous structure with excellent air and water permeability. This type of concrete effectively drains water during rainy seasons and offers a certain load-bearing capacity and decorative effect. The permeability coefficient and compressive strength of permeable concrete are crucial indicators for its practical engineering applications. The permeability coefficient determines its permeability, while the compressive strength determines its durability and load-bearing capacity. By studying these two parameters, the performance of permeable concrete can be optimized to meet diverse engineering needs.

[0003] Therefore, there is currently a lack of a rationally designed instrument and method for ramming and compacting permeable concrete specimens. The permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold is compacted by a hammering mechanism, and the ramming mechanism rams the permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold to obtain rammed permeable concrete specimens and hammered permeable concrete specimens. Through the testing of the rammed permeable concrete specimens and the hammered permeable concrete specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength test under different ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, and hammering times are achieved, which facilitates the selection of ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights or hammering times according to actual engineering requirements, and further assists the construction of permeable concrete in actual engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The instrument has a reasonable design and compacts the permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold through a hammering mechanism. The ramming mechanism rams the permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold to obtain rammed permeable concrete specimens and hammered permeable concrete specimens. By testing the rammed permeable concrete specimens and the hammered permeable concrete specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength test under different ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, and hammering times are achieved, which facilitates the selection of ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, or hammering times according to actual engineering requirements, and further assists the construction of permeable concrete in actual engineering.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution: a permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument, characterized in that it includes a base, a rotating impact mechanism provided on the base, a specimen production mold provided on the rotating impact mechanism, a portal provided on the base, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism provided on the portal, wherein the lifting and adjusting mechanism is provided with a hammer mechanism for compacting the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold or a ramming mechanism for ramming the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold; The rotary impact mechanism includes a bearing block provided on the base and a rotating component driving the bearing block to rotate, and the specimen production mold is installed on the top of the bearing block; The hammering mechanism includes a guide rod arranged vertically in the portal frame and a heavy hammer connected to the bottom of the guide rod and capable of falling freely to hammer. The tamping mechanism includes a connecting block and a concrete tamping rod arranged at the bottom of the connecting block. The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer or the connecting block.

[0006] The above-mentioned permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument further comprises the rotating component comprising a hollow motor disposed in the top of the base and a hollow rotating shaft sleeved in the hollow motor, the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft extending into the base, the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft extending into the bearing block and connected to the bearing block by interference fit, and the bottom surface of the bearing block rotating in contact with the top surface of the base; An internal lifting component is provided in the hollow rotating shaft, and the internal lifting component includes a bottom sealing plate provided in the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft and an internal hydraulic rod provided on the bottom sealing plate and located in the hollow rotating shaft. An upper lifting plate is provided in the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft, and the fixed end of the internal hydraulic rod is provided on the bottom sealing plate. The telescopic end of the internal hydraulic rod is connected to the upper lifting plate, and the internal hydraulic rod drives the upper lifting plate to rise and fall.

[0007] The above-mentioned permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument further comprises: a mounting groove is provided on the top of the bearing block, a bottom template is provided in the mounting groove, the top surface of the bottom template is lower than the top of the bearing block, the bottom surface of the bottom template is in contact with the top surface of the upper lifting plate, and the cross section of the bottom template is larger than the cross section of the upper lifting plate; The specimen manufacturing mold includes a half-side mold spliced in two halves, and a connecting ear is provided on the outer side wall of the half-side mold. The bottom of the half-side mold is inserted into the installation groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template. The outer side wall of the half-side mold abuts against the groove wall of the installation groove, and the connecting ear and the support block are connected by bolts.

[0008] The above-mentioned permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument further comprises a lifting and adjusting mechanism including a motor arranged on a gantry, a vertical screw rod transmission-connected to the motor output shaft, a nut sleeved on the vertical screw rod and threadedly connected, and an L-shaped part arranged on the nut, a horizontal hydraulic rod being arranged on the L-shaped part, and a U-shaped clip being arranged at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rod.

[0009] The above-mentioned permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument further comprises convex plates provided on two opposite sides of the weight hammer and the connecting block, the convex plates extending into the U-shaped clamp for clamping; The fixing portion of the horizontal hydraulic rod is installed on the horizontal portion of the L-shaped member. A laser distance sensor is provided at the bottom of the vertical portion of the L-shaped member. The lower end surface of the laser distance sensor is flush with the lower end surface of the weight.

[0010] The above-mentioned permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument further comprises a side striking mechanism provided on the gantry, the side striking mechanism comprising a base plate, a power motor provided on the base plate, a transmission rod connected to the power motor, and a rubber hammer provided at the end of the transmission rod, a turntable is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor, and a convex column is provided on the edge of the turntable; The transmission rod includes a connecting rod hinged to the convex column and a horizontal rod hinged to the connecting rod. A guide block for the horizontal rod to pass through and guide is provided on the base plate. A connecting head is provided at the end of the horizontal rod extending out of the guide block, and the rubber hammer is installed on the connecting head.

[0011] At the same time, a method for compacting a permeable concrete specimen by ramming is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Installation of test piece production mold: Step 101: Install the bottom template in the installation groove on the top of the bearing block; Step 102: Install a specimen production mold on the bottom template; wherein the top surface of the bottom template is lower than the top of the bearing block, the bottom surface of the bottom template is in contact with the top surface of the upper lifting plate, the bottom of the specimen production mold is inserted into the installation groove and in contact with the top surface of the bottom template, the outer side wall of the specimen production mold is in contact with the groove wall of the installation groove, and the connecting ears on the outer side wall of the specimen production mold are connected to the bearing block by bolts; Step 2: Install the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 201: Install a concrete tamping rod at the bottom of the connecting block; Step 202: Operate the two horizontal hydraulic rods of the lifting and adjusting mechanism to extend synchronously so that the convex plates on both sides of the connecting block are clamped in the U-shaped clamps at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods; Step 3: Production of permeable concrete specimens by ramming: The permeable concrete mixture is placed into a specimen making mold, and a concrete tamping rod is used to tamp the mixture until a set number of tamping times is reached to obtain a tamped permeable concrete specimen; Step 4: Install the hammer mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 401: Remove the connecting block and the concrete tamping rod, and install a guide rod in the portal frame; wherein the guide rod passes through the top of the portal frame and a limit plate is provided, and the limit plate is located above the portal frame; Step 402: Connect a heavy hammer to the bottom of the guide rod; Step 403: operate the two horizontal hydraulic rods of the lifting and adjusting mechanism to extend synchronously so that the convex plates on both sides of the weight are clamped in the U-shaped clamps at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods; Step 404: The motor rotates to drive the weight and the guide rod to rise and fall. During the process of the weight and the guide rod rising and falling along the gantry, the laser ranging sensor detects the height between the weight and the bearing block until the height of the weight meets the set hammering height requirement. Step 5: Hammering of permeable concrete specimens: The permeable concrete mixture is placed into a specimen making mold, and hammered by a heavy hammer until a set number of hammering times is reached to obtain a hammered permeable concrete specimen; Step 6. Testing of permeable concrete specimens by ramming and hammering: Step 601, repeating steps 2 to 5 multiple times, continuously adjusting the number of ramming times, the weight of the heavy hammer, the height of the heavy hammer, and the number of hammering times, to obtain different ramming and hammering permeable concrete specimens; Step 602: Conduct water permeability coefficient and compressive strength tests on different rammed permeable concrete specimens and different hammered permeable concrete specimens respectively; Step 603: Using a computer, a graph is obtained showing the relationship between the water permeability coefficient and the number of ramming times, the water permeability coefficient and the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows, with the water permeability coefficient as the ordinate and the number of ramming times, the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows as the abscissa. A computer was used to obtain relationship graphs between the number of ramming times and compressive strength, the weight of the heavy hammer and compressive strength, the height of the heavy hammer and compressive strength, and the number of hammer blows and compressive strength, with the compressive strength as the ordinate and the number of ramming times, the weight of the heavy hammer, the height of the heavy hammer, and the number of hammer blows as the abscissa.

[0012] The above method is characterized in that: Step 3, the specific process is as follows: Step 301: Place the permeable concrete mixture into a specimen production mold; Step 302: The motor rotates, driving the two horizontal hydraulic rods to descend. The descending horizontal hydraulic rods drive the clamped concrete tamping rods to move downward. The concrete tamping rods are inserted into the specimen production mold to tamp the permeable concrete mixture, completing one tamping operation. Step 303: The motor rotates in the reverse direction to drive the concrete tamping rod to move upward. Step 304: Adjust the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods to drive the horizontal adjustment of the concrete tamping rod so that the concrete tamping rod tamps the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold from the periphery toward the center until the set number of tamping times is reached, thereby completing the production of a layer of permeable concrete. Step 305: Produce the next layer of permeable concrete according to the method of steps 301 to 304 until the specimen production mold is filled; Step 306: Operate the rotating component to rotate the bearing block, which in turn rotates the specimen mold. During the rotation of the specimen mold, operate the rubber hammer in the side striking mechanism to approach the specimen mold to strike the outer wall of the specimen mold until the insertion hole of the concrete tamping rod disappears. Step 307: Stop the rotating component and smooth the concrete on the top of the specimen mold, and then let it stand at room temperature to solidify. Step 308: Remove the bolts connecting the connecting ear and the bearing block, operate the internal hydraulic rod to extend, and the extension of the internal hydraulic rod drives the upper lifting plate to rise. The upper lifting plate rises and drives the specimen production mold to rise through the bottom template until the bottom of the specimen production mold is located above the bearing block. Step 309: dismantle the specimen production mold and cure the solidified permeable concrete block to obtain a rammed permeable concrete specimen.

[0013] The above method, step five, the specific process is as follows: Step 501: Place the permeable concrete mixture into a specimen production mold; Step 502: Adjust the two horizontal hydraulic rods to contract synchronously, and the U-shaped clamp is separated from the convex plate, so that the heavy hammer and the guide rod fall freely, and the heavy hammer falls to hammer the permeable concrete mixture in the specimen manufacturing mold, completing one hammering operation; Step 503, repeating steps 403, 404 and 502 until the set number of hammering times is reached, completing the production of a layer of permeable concrete; Step 504: According to the methods of steps 403, 404, 501 and 502, the next layer of permeable concrete is made until the specimen making mold is filled, and according to the methods of steps 307 to 309, a hammered permeable concrete specimen is obtained.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The permeable concrete specimen of the present invention has a reasonable design for ramming and compaction, is easy to implement, and has a good use effect. The permeable concrete specimen can be produced by ramming or hammering to obtain rammed permeable concrete specimens and hammered permeable concrete specimens, providing a reference basis for the research on ramming and hammering of permeable concrete specimens.

[0015] 2. The present invention can realize the clamping of the concrete tamping rod and the up and down tamping through lifting and lowering adjustment; it can also realize the clamping of the heavy hammer and the adjustment of the falling height of the heavy hammer. It is easy to operate and can meet different testing requirements.

[0016] 3. The present invention is provided with a rotating mechanism, which includes a hollow motor and a hollow rotating shaft. The purpose is to drive the hollow rotating shaft to rotate when the hollow motor works, and the hollow rotating shaft drives the bearing block and the specimen manufacturing mold to rotate synchronously, so as to adjust different sides by leaning on the side striking mechanism, and lightly tap the four sides of the specimen manufacturing mold with a rubber hammer until the cavity left by the tamping rod disappears; secondly, the hollow rotating shaft can also facilitate the accommodation of the internal lifting components, and rotate synchronously with them, thereby improving compactness.

[0017] 4. The present invention is provided with an internal lifting component in order to extend the internal hydraulic rod. The extension of the internal hydraulic rod drives the upper lifting plate to rise. The rising upper lifting plate drives the specimen making mold to rise through the bottom template until the bottom of the specimen making mold is located above the supporting block, thereby facilitating the removal of the specimen making mold.

[0018] 5. The present invention first installs a specimen production mold, and then installs a concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism to realize the insertion and tamping production of the permeable concrete specimen; then installs a hammer mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism to realize the hammering production of the permeable concrete specimen, and finally tests the permeable concrete specimen to obtain the production of the permeable concrete specimen under different insertion and tamping times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, and hammering times, as well as its permeability coefficient and compressive strength test.

[0019] To sum up, the present invention is reasonably designed. The permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold is compacted by the hammering mechanism, and the permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold is rammed by the ramming mechanism to obtain rammed permeable concrete specimens and hammered permeable concrete specimens. Through the testing of the rammed permeable concrete specimens and the hammered permeable concrete specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength test under different ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, and hammering times are realized, which facilitates the selection of ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights or hammering times according to actual engineering requirements, and further assists the construction of permeable concrete in actual engineering.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the tamping structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hammering structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side striking mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0025] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1—base; 2—hollow motor; 3—hollow shaft; 4—internal lifting components; 41—internal hydraulic rod; 42—upper lifting plate; 43—bottom sealing plate; 5—lifting adjustment mechanism; 51—motor; 52—vertical screw rod; 53—nut; 54—L-shaped piece; 55—horizontal hydraulic rod; 56—U-shaped clamp; 57—bottom plate; 6—test piece production mold; 61—bottom template; 62—half side mold; 63 - connecting ear; 7 - bearing block; 8 - portal frame; 9—side striking mechanism; 91—base plate; 92—power motor; 93—rotating plate; 94—convex column; 95—connecting rod; 96—horizontal rod; 97—guide block; 98—connector; 99—rubber hammer; 9A—convex slider; 10—laser distance sensor; 11—limiting plate; 12—guide rod; 13—heavy hammer; 14—convex plate; 15—connecting block; 16—concrete tamping rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument comprises a base 1, a rotary impact mechanism provided on the base 1, a specimen production mold 6 provided on the rotary impact mechanism, a gantry 8 provided on the base 1, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism 5 provided on the gantry 8. The lifting and adjusting mechanism 5 is provided with a hammer mechanism for compacting the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold 6 or a ramming mechanism for ramming the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold 6. The rotary impact mechanism includes a bearing block 7 provided on the base 1 and a rotating component driving the bearing block 7 to rotate, and the specimen making mold 6 is installed on the top of the bearing block 7; The hammering mechanism includes a guide rod 12 arranged vertically in the portal frame 8 and a heavy hammer 13 connected to the bottom of the guide rod 12 and capable of falling freely to hammer. The tamping mechanism includes a connecting block 15 and a concrete tamping rod 16 arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 15. The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer 13 or the connecting block 15.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rotating component includes a hollow motor 2 provided in the top of the base 1 and a hollow shaft 3 sleeved in the hollow motor 2. The lower end of the hollow shaft 3 extends into the base 1, and the upper end of the hollow shaft 3 extends into the bearing block 7 and is connected with the bearing block 7 by interference fit. The bottom surface of the bearing block 7 is in contact with the top surface of the base 1 and rotates. An internal lifting component 4 is provided in the hollow rotating shaft 3, and the internal lifting component 4 includes a bottom sealing plate 43 provided in the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft 3 and an internal hydraulic rod 41 provided on the bottom sealing plate 43 and located in the hollow rotating shaft 3. An upper lifting plate 42 is provided in the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft 3, and the fixed end of the internal hydraulic rod 41 is provided on the bottom sealing plate 43. The telescopic end of the internal hydraulic rod 41 is connected to the upper lifting plate 42, and the internal hydraulic rod 41 drives the upper lifting plate 42 to rise and fall.

[0028] In this embodiment, a mounting groove is provided on the top of the bearing block 7, and a bottom template 61 is provided in the mounting groove. The top surface of the bottom template 61 is lower than the top of the bearing block 7, and the bottom surface of the bottom template 61 is in contact with the top surface of the upper lifting plate 42. The cross section of the bottom template 61 is larger than the cross section of the upper lifting plate 42. The specimen manufacturing mold 6 includes a half-side mold 62 spliced in two halves, and a connecting ear 63 is provided on the outer wall of the half-side mold 62. The bottom of the half-side mold 62 is inserted into the installation groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template 61. The outer wall of the half-side mold 62 abuts against the groove wall of the installation groove, and the connecting ear 63 and the support block 7 are connected by bolts.

[0029] In this embodiment, the lifting and adjusting mechanism 5 includes a motor 51 arranged on the gantry 8, a vertical screw rod 52 connected to the output shaft of the motor 51, a nut 53 sleeved on the vertical screw rod 52 and threadedly connected, and an L-shaped part 54 arranged on the nut 53, and a horizontal hydraulic rod 55 is arranged on the L-shaped part 54, and a U-shaped clamp 56 is provided at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rod 55.

[0030] In this embodiment, convex plates 14 are provided on two opposite sides of the weight 13 and the connecting block 15, and the convex plates 14 extend into the U-shaped clamp 56 for clamping; The fixed portion of the horizontal hydraulic rod 55 is installed on the horizontal portion of the L-shaped member 54 . A laser distance sensor 10 is provided at the bottom of the vertical portion of the L-shaped member 54 . The lower end surface of the laser distance sensor 10 is flush with the lower end surface of the weight 13 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the gantry 8 is provided with a side striking mechanism 9, which includes a base plate 91, a power motor 92 provided on the base plate 91, a transmission rod connected to the power motor 92, and a rubber hammer 99 provided at the end of the transmission rod. A turntable 93 is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor 92, and a protruding column 94 is provided on the edge of the turntable 93. The transmission rod includes a connecting rod 95 hinged to the boss 94 and a horizontal rod 96 hinged to the connecting rod 95. A guide block 97 for the horizontal rod 96 to pass through and guide is provided on the base plate 91. The end of the horizontal rod 96 extending out of the guide block 97 is provided with a connecting head 98, and the rubber hammer 99 is installed on the connecting head 98.

[0032] In this embodiment, during actual use, the hollow motor 2 and the hollow rotating shaft 3 are provided so that the hollow motor 2 drives the hollow rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the hollow rotating shaft 3 drives the bearing block 7 and the specimen making mold 6 to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the different sides by the side striking mechanism 9, and gently tapping the four sides of the specimen making mold 6 with a rubber hammer until the hole left by the tamping rod disappears.

[0033] In this embodiment, in actual use, if a rectangular permeable concrete specimen needs to be made, the half-side mold 62 is a U-shaped mold; if a cylindrical permeable concrete specimen needs to be made, the half-side mold 62 is a semicircular mold.

[0034] In this embodiment, in actual use, the size and shape of the installation groove of the bearing block 7 can be adjusted to adapt to different sizes and shapes of permeable concrete specimens.

[0035] In this embodiment, during actual use, the two halves of the side mold 62 can be disassembled to facilitate subsequent disassembly and demoulding.

[0036] In this embodiment, in actual use, the connection between the two halves of the half side mold 62 can be connected by the groove and the protrusion, and the outer wall of the connection can be equipped with a lug and bolts to improve stability. A sealing gasket can also be added at the connection.

[0037] In this embodiment, in actual use, the gantry 8 includes a vertically arranged vertical rod and a horizontal beam connected to the top of the vertical rod. The motor 51 is installed on the horizontal beam. The output shaft of the motor 51 passes through the top of the vertical screw rod 52 of the horizontal beam for transmission connection. The vertical rod is provided with a bottom plate 57 for rotatably mounting the bottom end of the vertical screw rod 52. The guide rod 12 is slidably passed through the horizontal beam without affecting the falling of the guide rod with the heavy hammer 13.

[0038] In this embodiment, in actual use, the motor 51 rotates, and the rotation of the motor 51 drives the vertical screw rod 52 to rotate. The rotation of the vertical screw rod 52 causes the nut 53 to move downward along the vertical screw rod 52 until the U-shaped clamp 56 and the protruding plate 14 are at the same height. Then, the horizontal hydraulic rod 55 is operated to extend, and the U-shaped clamp 56 moves closer to the protruding plate 14 until the protruding plate 14 extends into the U-shaped clamp 56 for clamping. The motor 51 rotates in the reverse direction, and the reverse rotation of the motor 51 drives the vertical screw rod 52 to rotate in the reverse direction. When the vertical screw rod 52 rotates in the reverse direction, the nut 53 moves upward along the vertical screw rod 52, and with the cooperation of the U-shaped clamp 56 and the convex plate 14, drives the weight 13 and the guide rod 12 to move upward. In the process of the weight 13 and the guide rod 12 moving upward, the laser ranging sensor 10 detects the height between the weight 13 and the bearing block 7 until the height of the weight 13 meets the set hammer height requirement.

[0039] In this embodiment, in actual use, the specimen mold 6 is a cube, and the dimensions of the permeable concrete specimen are 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm. Under standard curing conditions of 20 ± 2°C and humidity ≥ 95%, curing for 28 days, the average value of three specimens can be taken as the test result.

[0040] In this embodiment, in actual use, during the rotation of the specimen making mold 6 , the rubber hammer 99 in the side striking mechanism 9 is operated to strike the four side walls of the specimen making mold 6 .

[0041] In this embodiment, in actual use, when the permeable concrete specimens are made by ramming and hammering, the permeable concrete mixture is loaded in two layers.

[0042] In this embodiment, during actual use, the bottom threads of the weight 13 and the guide rod 12 are disassembled and connected, so as to adjust the bottom area of the weight 13 to be adapted to the top area of the specimen making mold 6, so that the bottom surface of the weight 13 can evenly hammer the permeable concrete mixture in the specimen making mold 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, during actual use, the base plate 91 is arranged on the vertical rod of the gantry 8 .

[0044] In this embodiment, in actual use, the connector 98 and the hammer body of the rubber hammer 99 are threadedly connected, and a rubber sleeve is placed on the hammer body of the rubber hammer 99. The hammering ensures that the surface of the test piece is flat, reduces internal cavities and gaps, and improves the density and uniformity of the test piece.

[0045] In this embodiment, during actual use, a convex slider 9A is provided at the bottom of the base of the power motor 92, and a sliding groove for the convex slider 9A to slide is provided on the base plate 91. The power motor 92 is driven to move by the convex slider 9A. After moving into position, the base of the power motor 92 is fixed to ensure that the rubber hammer 99 can hit the outer wall of the specimen manufacturing mold 6.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, a method for compacting a permeable concrete specimen by ramming is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Installation of test piece production mold: Step 101: Install the bottom template 61 in the installation groove on the top of the bearing block 7; Step 102: Install the specimen production mold 6 on the bottom template 61; wherein the top surface of the bottom template 61 is lower than the top of the bearing block 7, and the bottom surface of the bottom template 61 is in contact with the top surface of the upper lifting plate 42. The bottom of the specimen production mold 6 is inserted into the installation groove and in contact with the top surface of the bottom template 61. The outer wall of the specimen production mold 6 is in contact with the groove wall of the installation groove. The connecting ear 63 on the outer wall of the specimen production mold 6 is connected to the bearing block 7 by bolts. Step 2: Install the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 201: Install the concrete tamping rod 16 at the bottom of the connecting block 15; Step 202: Operate the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 of the lifting and adjusting mechanism to extend synchronously so that the convex plates 14 on both sides of the connecting block 15 are clamped in the U-shaped clamps 56 at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods 55; Step 3: Production of permeable concrete specimens by ramming: The permeable concrete mixture is placed into the specimen making mold 6 and tamped by the concrete tamping rod 16 until the set number of tamping times is reached to obtain a tamped permeable concrete specimen; Step 4: Install the hammer mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 401: Remove the connecting block 15 and the concrete tamping rod 16, and install the guide rod 12 in the portal frame 8; wherein the guide rod 12 passes through the top of the portal frame 8 and is provided with a limit plate 11, and the limit plate 11 is located above the portal frame 8; Step 402: Connect the weight 13 to the bottom of the guide rod 12; Step 403: Operate the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 of the lifting and adjusting mechanism to extend synchronously so that the convex plates 14 on both sides of the weight 13 are clamped in the U-shaped clamps 56 at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods 55; Step 404: The motor 51 rotates to drive the weight 13 and the guide rod 12 to rise and fall. During the process of the weight 13 and the guide rod 12 rising and falling along the gantry 8, the laser ranging sensor 10 detects the height between the weight 13 and the bearing block 7 until the height of the weight 13 meets the set hammering height requirement. Step 5: Hammering of permeable concrete specimens: The permeable concrete mixture is placed into the specimen making mold 6, and hammered by the heavy hammer 13 until the set number of hammering times is reached to obtain a hammered permeable concrete specimen; Step 6. Testing of permeable concrete specimens by ramming and hammering: Step 601, repeating steps 2 to 5 multiple times, continuously adjusting the number of ramming times, the weight of the heavy hammer, the height of the heavy hammer, and the number of hammering times, to obtain different ramming and hammering permeable concrete specimens; Step 602: Conduct water permeability coefficient and compressive strength tests on different rammed permeable concrete specimens and different hammered permeable concrete specimens respectively; Step 603: Using a computer, a graph is obtained showing the relationship between the water permeability coefficient and the number of ramming times, the water permeability coefficient and the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows, with the water permeability coefficient as the ordinate and the number of ramming times, the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows as the abscissa. A computer was used to obtain relationship graphs between the number of ramming times and compressive strength, the weight of the heavy hammer and compressive strength, the height of the heavy hammer and compressive strength, and the number of hammer blows and compressive strength, with the compressive strength as the ordinate and the number of ramming times, the weight of the heavy hammer, the height of the heavy hammer, and the number of hammer blows as the abscissa.

[0047] In this embodiment, the specific process of step three is as follows: Step 301: Place the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen making mold 6; Step 302: The motor 51 rotates, driving the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 to descend. The descent of the horizontal hydraulic rods 55 drives the clamped concrete tamping rod 16 to move downward. The concrete tamping rod 16 is inserted into the specimen making mold 6 to tamp the permeable concrete mixture, completing one tamping operation. Step 303: The motor 51 rotates in the reverse direction to drive the concrete tamping rod 16 to move upward. Step 304: Adjust the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55. The extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 drive the horizontal adjustment of the concrete tamping rod 16 so that the concrete tamping rod 16 tampers the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold 6 from the periphery toward the center until the set number of tamping times is reached, thereby completing the production of a layer of permeable concrete. Step 305: Produce the next layer of permeable concrete according to the method of steps 301 to 304 until the specimen production mold 6 is filled; Step 306: Operate the rotating component to rotate the bearing block 7, which in turn rotates the specimen mold 6. During the rotation of the specimen mold 6, operate the rubber hammer 99 of the side striking mechanism 9 to approach the specimen mold 6 to strike the outer wall of the specimen mold 6 until the insertion hole of the concrete tamping rod 16 disappears. Step 307: Stop the rotating part and smooth the concrete on the top of the specimen mold 6, and then let it stand at room temperature to solidify. Step 308: Remove the bolts connecting the connecting ear 63 and the bearing block 7, and operate the internal hydraulic rod 41 to extend. The extension of the internal hydraulic rod 41 drives the upper lifting plate 42 to rise. The upper lifting plate 42 rises and drives the specimen production mold 6 to rise through the bottom template 61 until the bottom of the specimen production mold 6 is located above the bearing block 7. Step 309: dismantle the specimen production mold 6 and cure the solidified permeable concrete block to obtain a rammed permeable concrete specimen.

[0048] In this embodiment, the specific process of step five is as follows: Step 501: Place the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen making mold 6; Step 502: Adjust the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 to contract synchronously, and the U-shaped clamp 56 is separated from the convex plate 14, so that the heavy hammer 13 and the guide rod 12 fall freely, and the heavy hammer 13 falls to hammer the permeable concrete mixture in the specimen manufacturing mold 6, completing one hammering operation; Step 503, repeating steps 403, 404 and 502 until the set number of hammering times is reached, completing the production of a layer of permeable concrete; Step 504: According to the methods of steps 403, 404, 501 and 502, the next layer of permeable concrete is made until the specimen making mold 6 is filled, and according to the methods of steps 307 to 309, a hammered permeable concrete specimen is obtained.

[0049] In this embodiment, during actual use, the power motor 92 rotates to drive the turntable 93 to rotate, and the rotation of the turntable 93 drives the boss 94 to rotate. Under the limit of the guide block 97, the boss 94 drives the horizontal rod 96 to move horizontally along the guide block 97 through the connecting rod 95. When the horizontal rod 96 moves horizontally along the guide block 97, the length of the horizontal rod 96 extending from the guide block 97 increases, and the rubber hammer 99 moves closer to the specimen making mold 6 until the rubber hammer part 99 contacts the specimen making mold 6 to knock on the outer wall of the specimen making mold 6; On the contrary, the power motor 92 continues to rotate, the boss 94 moves away from the guide block 97, and the length of the horizontal rod 96 extending from the guide block 97 decreases, and the rubber hammer 99 moves away from the specimen making mold 6 to facilitate the next strike of the rubber hammer 99.

[0050] In this embodiment, during actual use, the rotating component is operated to drive the bearing block 7 to rotate, specifically: the hollow motor 2 drives the hollow rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the hollow rotating shaft 3 drives the bearing block 7 to rotate, and the bearing block 7 and the specimen manufacturing mold 6 rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting different sides close to the side striking mechanism 9.

[0051] To sum up, the present invention is reasonably designed. The permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold is compacted by the hammering mechanism, and the permeable concrete in the specimen manufacturing mold is rammed by the ramming mechanism to obtain rammed permeable concrete specimens and hammered permeable concrete specimens. Through the testing of the rammed permeable concrete specimens and the hammered permeable concrete specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength test under different ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, and hammering times are realized, which facilitates the selection of ramming times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights or hammering times according to actual engineering requirements, and further assists the construction of permeable concrete in actual engineering.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument, characterized in that : comprising a base (1), a rotary impact mechanism arranged on the base (1), a specimen production mold (6) arranged on the rotary impact mechanism, a portal frame (8) arranged on the base (1), and a lifting and adjusting mechanism (5) arranged on the portal frame (8), wherein the lifting and adjusting mechanism (5) is provided with a hammer mechanism for compacting the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold (6) or a ramming mechanism for ramming the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold (6); The rotary impact mechanism comprises a bearing block (7) arranged on a base (1) and a rotating component for driving the bearing block (7) to rotate, and the specimen production mold (6) is installed on top of the bearing block (7); The hammering mechanism comprises a guide rod (12) arranged vertically in a gantry frame (8) and a heavy hammer (13) connected to the bottom of the guide rod (12) and capable of freely falling and hammering. The tamping mechanism comprises a connecting block (15) and a concrete tamping rod (16) arranged at the bottom of the connecting block (15). The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer (13) or the connecting block (15).

2. A permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component comprises a hollow motor (2) arranged in the top of the base (1) and a hollow rotating shaft (3) sleeved in the hollow motor (2); the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft (3) extends into the base (1); the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft (3) extends into the bearing pad (7) and is connected to the bearing pad (7) by interference fit; the bottom surface of the bearing pad (7) is in contact with the top surface of the base (1) and rotates; An internal lifting component (4) is provided in the hollow rotating shaft (3), and the internal lifting component (4) includes a bottom sealing plate (43) provided in the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft (3) and an internal hydraulic rod (41) provided on the bottom sealing plate (43) and located in the hollow rotating shaft (3); an upper lifting plate (42) is provided in the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft (3); a fixed end of the internal hydraulic rod (41) is provided on the bottom sealing plate (43), a telescopic end of the internal hydraulic rod (41) is connected to the upper lifting plate (42), and the internal hydraulic rod (41) drives the upper lifting plate (42) to rise and fall.

3. The permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the bearing block (7) is provided with a mounting groove, and a bottom template (61) is provided in the mounting groove. The top surface of the bottom template (61) is lower than the top of the bearing block (7), and the bottom surface of the bottom template (61) is in contact with the top surface of the upper lifting plate (42). The cross section of the bottom template (61) is larger than the cross section of the upper lifting plate (42). The specimen manufacturing mold (6) includes a half-side mold (62) spliced together in two halves, a connecting ear (63) is provided on the outer side wall of the half-side mold (62), the bottom of the half-side mold (62) is inserted into the installation groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template (61), the outer side wall of the half-side mold (62) abuts against the groove wall of the installation groove, and the connecting ear (63) and the support block (7) are connected by bolts.

4. The permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a motor (51) arranged on a gantry (8), a vertical screw rod (52) drivingly connected to an output shaft of the motor (51), a nut (53) sleeved on the vertical screw rod (52) and threadedly connected, and an L-shaped member (54) arranged on the nut (53), wherein a horizontal hydraulic rod (55) is arranged on the L-shaped member (54), and a U-shaped clamp (56) is provided at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rod (55).

5. The permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two opposite sides of the weight (13) and the connecting block (15) are provided with convex plates (14), and the convex plates (14) extend into the U-shaped clamp (56) for clamping; The fixed portion of the horizontal hydraulic rod (55) is mounted on the horizontal portion of the L-shaped member (54), and a laser distance sensor (10) is provided at the bottom of the vertical portion of the L-shaped member (54). The lower end surface of the laser distance sensor (10) is flush with the lower end surface of the weight (13).

6. The permeable concrete specimen ramming and compacting apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: A side striking mechanism (9) is provided on the gantry (8), the side striking mechanism (9) comprising a base plate (91), a power motor (92) provided on the base plate (91), a transmission rod connected to the power motor (92), and a rubber hammer (99) provided at the end of the transmission rod, a turntable (93) is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor (92), and a convex column (94) is provided on the edge of the turntable (93); The transmission rod comprises a connecting rod (95) hinged to the boss (94) and a horizontal rod (96) hinged to the connecting rod (95). A guide block (97) for guiding the horizontal rod (96) is provided on the base plate (91). A connector (98) is provided at the end of the horizontal rod (96) extending from the guide block (97). The rubber hammer (99) is mounted on the connector (98).

7. A method for compacting a permeable concrete specimen using the device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Installation of test piece production mold: Step 101, installing the bottom template (61) in the installation groove on the top of the bearing block (7); Step 102, installing a test piece production mold (6) on the bottom template (61); wherein the top surface of the bottom template (61) is lower than the top of the support block (7), the bottom surface of the bottom template (61) is in contact with the top surface of the upper lifting plate (42), the bottom of the test piece production mold (6) is inserted into the installation groove and in contact with the top surface of the bottom template (61), the outer side wall of the test piece production mold (6) is in contact with the groove wall of the installation groove, and the connecting ear (63) on the outer side wall of the test piece production mold (6) and the support block (7) are connected by bolts; Step 2: Install the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 201: Install a concrete tamping rod (16) at the bottom of the connecting block (15); Step 202: operate the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) of the lifting and adjusting mechanism to extend synchronously so that the convex plates (14) on both sides of the connecting block (15) are clamped in the U-shaped clamps (56) at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods (55); Step 3: Production of permeable concrete specimens by ramming: The permeable concrete mixture is placed into a specimen making mold (6), and is rammed by a concrete tamping rod (16) until a set number of tamping times is reached, thereby obtaining a tamped permeable concrete specimen; Step 4: Install the hammer mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 401: disassemble the connecting block (15) and the concrete tamping rod (16), and install the guide rod (12) in the portal frame (8); wherein the guide rod (12) passes through the top of the portal frame (8) and is provided with a limit plate (11), and the limit plate (11) is located above the portal frame (8); Step 402: Connect a weight (13) to the bottom of the guide rod (12); Step 403: operate the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) of the lifting and adjusting mechanism to extend synchronously so that the convex plates (14) on both sides of the heavy hammer (13) are clamped in the U-shaped clamps (56) at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods (55); Step 404: the motor (51) rotates to drive the weight (13) and the guide rod (12) to rise and fall, and in the process of the weight (13) and the guide rod (12) rising and falling along the gantry (8), the laser ranging sensor (10) detects the height between the weight (13) and the bearing block (7) until the height of the weight (13) meets the set hammering height requirement; Step 5: Hammering of permeable concrete specimens: The permeable concrete mixture is placed into a specimen making mold (6), and hammered by a heavy hammer (13) until a set number of hammering times is reached, thereby obtaining a hammered permeable concrete specimen; Step 6. Testing of permeable concrete specimens by ramming and hammering: Step 601, repeating steps 2 to 5 multiple times, continuously adjusting the number of ramming times, the weight of the heavy hammer, the height of the heavy hammer, and the number of hammering times, to obtain different ramming and hammering permeable concrete specimens; Step 602: Conduct water permeability coefficient and compressive strength tests on different rammed permeable concrete specimens and different hammered permeable concrete specimens respectively; Step 603: Using a computer, a graph is obtained showing the relationship between the water permeability coefficient and the number of ramming times, the water permeability coefficient and the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows, with the water permeability coefficient as the ordinate and the number of ramming times, the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows as the abscissa. A computer was used to obtain relationship graphs between the number of ramming times and compressive strength, the weight of the heavy hammer and compressive strength, the height of the heavy hammer and compressive strength, and the number of hammer blows and compressive strength, with the compressive strength as the ordinate and the number of ramming times, the weight of the heavy hammer, the height of the heavy hammer, and the number of hammer blows as the abscissa.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 3: The specific process is as follows: Step 301: Place the permeable concrete mixture into a specimen making mold (6); Step 302: The motor (51) rotates, driving the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) to descend. The descent of the horizontal hydraulic rods (55) drives the clamped concrete tamping rod (16) to move downward. The concrete tamping rod (16) is inserted into the specimen making mold (6) to tamp the permeable concrete mixture, completing one tamping operation. Step 303: The motor (51) rotates in the reverse direction to drive the concrete tamping rod (16) to move upwards; Step 304, adjusting the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55), the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) drive the concrete tamping rod (16) to adjust horizontally, so that the concrete tamping rod (16) tamps the permeable concrete in the specimen production mold (6) from the periphery toward the center until the set number of tamping times is reached, and a layer of permeable concrete is completed; Step 305: Produce the next layer of permeable concrete according to the method of steps 301 to 304 until the specimen production mold (6) is filled. Step 306: operate the rotating component to drive the bearing block (7) to rotate, and the bearing block (7) rotates to drive the specimen production mold (6) to rotate. During the rotation of the specimen production mold (6), operate the rubber hammer part (99) in the side striking mechanism (9) to approach the specimen production mold (6) to strike the outer wall of the specimen production mold (6) until the insertion hole of the concrete tamping rod (16) disappears; Step 307: Stop the rotating part and smooth the concrete on the top of the specimen production mold (6), and then let it stand at room temperature to solidify; Step 308, remove the bolts connecting the connecting ear (63) and the bearing block (7), operate the internal hydraulic rod (41) to extend, the extension of the internal hydraulic rod (41) drives the upper lifting plate (42) to rise, the upper lifting plate (42) rises and drives the specimen manufacturing mold (6) to rise through the bottom template (61) until the bottom of the specimen manufacturing mold (6) is located above the bearing block (7); Step 309: dismantle the specimen production mold (6), and cure the solidified permeable concrete block to obtain a rammed permeable concrete specimen.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step 5: The specific process is as follows: Step 501: Place the permeable concrete mixture into a specimen making mold (6); Step 502: Adjust the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) to contract synchronously, and the U-shaped clamp (56) is separated from the convex plate (14), so that the heavy hammer (13) and the guide rod (12) fall freely, and the heavy hammer (13) falls to hammer the permeable concrete mixture of the specimen production mold (6), completing one hammering; Step 503, repeating steps 403, 404 and 502 until the set number of hammering times is reached, completing the production of a layer of permeable concrete; Step 504: According to the methods of steps 403, 404, 501 and 502, the next layer of permeable concrete is made until the specimen making mold (6) is filled, and according to the methods of steps 307 to 309, a hammered permeable concrete specimen is obtained.

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