System for testing expansion performance of circulating hydrogen charging and discharging of solid hydrogen storage alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid hydrogen storage alloy circulation hydrogen charging and discharging expansion performance testing system which comprises a rigid rack, a lifting device, a hydrogen supply device, a temperature control device, a hydrogen storage alloy device, a flexible compensation space adjusting device and an expansion stress monitoring device. The flexible compensation space adjusting device is mounted at the upper end of the temperature control device; the hydrogen storage alloy device extends to the position above the flexible compensation space adjusting device, and the hydrogen supply device communicates with the hydrogen storage alloy device through a pipeline. The expansion stress monitoring device is attached to the upper end of the hydrogen storage alloy device and meanwhile attached to the lower end of the lifting device. Real-time monitoring of the expansion stress of the wide-range solid hydrogen storage alloy in the cyclic hydrogen absorption / desorption environment is achieved, the stability, mechanical property, service life and the like of the solid alloy are conveniently measured, a testing device is provided for the hydrogen absorption / desorption expansion performance of the solid hydrogen storage alloy, the testing result can serve as design parameters of a large-scale solid hydrogen storage tank, and the testing device is suitable for popularization and application. And the method has remarkable engineering value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen absorption / desorption expansion performance testing, and in particular to a solid hydrogen storage alloy cyclic hydrogen charging and desorption expansion performance testing system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the global population and economy, deep decarbonization has become a core concern. As a secondary renewable energy source, hydrogen offers numerous advantages, including abundant resources, widespread availability, clean and pollution-free operation, diverse utilization, and excellent safety as an energy storage medium. It is a key option for achieving energy transition and carbon neutrality. Furthermore, hydrogen can be integrated with a variety of renewable energy systems, including wind and solar power. Therefore, hydrogen is considered the most promising clean energy source of the 21st century.

[0003] Hydrogen storage technology plays a crucial role in the development of hydrogen infrastructure. Hydrogen storage primarily includes the following methods: compressed gaseous hydrogen storage, underground hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, cryogenic compressed hydrogen storage, storage in liquid organic hydrogen carriers, and solid alloy hydrogen storage. Compared to other hydrogen storage methods, solid alloy hydrogen storage offers numerous advantages, including high volumetric hydrogen storage efficiency, enhanced safety, low operating pressure, and low cost, making it one of the most commercially viable storage methods.

[0004] When designing a solid-state alloy hydrogen storage tank, factors such as the tank material, geometry, and design pressure must be considered. Solid-state hydrogen storage alloys experience a significant expansion effect during hydrogen charging, and this expansion pressure can even significantly exceed the actual hydrogen storage pressure. Ignoring the expansion pressure of solid-state hydrogen storage alloys can easily lead to plastic deformation or rupture of the tank, especially in large-diameter tanks. The expansion effect of solid-state hydrogen storage alloys is related to the particle size of the alloy powder within the tank, the flexible compensation space, and the number of hydrogen charging and decharging cycles. Currently, there is a lack of testing equipment, methods, and standards for the expansion stress of solid-state hydrogen storage alloys during cyclic hydrogen absorption and desorption. This results in a lack of precise basis for determining the design pressure, which can easily lead to dangerous design results and prevent the development of a reasonable and standardized design approach.

[0005] In summary, inventing a device and method for testing the expansion stress of solid-state hydrogen storage alloys during cyclic absorption and desorption of hydrogen under different flexible compensation space conditions has become a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the design of solid-state alloy hydrogen storage tanks, especially large-diameter solid-state alloy hydrogen storage tanks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0008] A solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system includes a rigid frame, a lifting device, a hydrogen supply device, a temperature control device, a hydrogen storage alloy device, a flexible compensation space adjustment device, and an expansion stress monitoring device. The temperature control device is mounted on the rigid frame, and the flexible compensation space adjustment device is mounted on the upper end of the temperature control device. The hydrogen storage alloy device passes through the temperature control device, and its upper portion passes through the flexible compensation space adjustment device and extends above the flexible compensation space adjustment device. The hydrogen supply device is connected to the hydrogen storage alloy device via a hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0009] The expansion stress monitoring device is fitted with the upper end of the hydrogen storage alloy device, and the lifting device is installed on the top of the rigid frame, with the lower end thereof fitting with the expansion stress monitoring device.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during the test, a solid alloy is placed in a hydrogen storage alloy device, and hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy device through a hydrogen supply device. The hydrogen reacts with the solid alloy, causing the alloy to expand in volume and generate heat, thereby increasing the pressure in the hydrogen storage alloy device to generate an upward thrust; at the same time, the lifting device generates a downward force to maintain balance; during this process, a temperature control circuit is used to form a circulation between the cold / hot circulation device and the water jacket to cool and heat the hydrogen storage alloy device;

[0011] In addition, a flexible compensation space adjustment device is used to adjust the flexible compensation space required during the test. The flexible compensation space refers to the thickness of the cavity reserved when the solid alloy reacts with hydrogen.

[0012] The present invention achieves full reaction and efficient conversion during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process of the solid-state alloy. The expansion stress can be monitored online through the expansion stress monitoring device, and the data can be transmitted to the digital display control instrument. The operator records and analyzes the data, which facilitates the exploration of the stability, mechanical properties and life of the solid-state alloy. The test results can be used as design parameters for large-scale solid-state hydrogen storage tanks and have significant engineering value.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0014] Furthermore, the rigid frame includes a fixed beam, a movable beam and a base, and the fixed beam and the base are fixedly arranged relative to each other in the upper and lower directions; the movable beam is installed between the fixed beam and the base and can move up and down; the lifting device is installed on the fixed beam, the temperature control device is installed on the base, and the hydrogen storage alloy device and the flexible compensation space adjustment device are respectively located below the movable beam.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are simple structure, reasonable structural setting of the rigid frame, easy assembly of various components, and the use of expansion stress generated by the reaction between hydrogen and solid alloy in the lifting device and hydrogen storage alloy device to maintain the balance of the movable beam.

[0016] Furthermore, the temperature control device includes a cold / hot circulation mechanism, a temperature control circuit and a water jacket, the water jacket includes an upper end cover, a jacket body and a lower end cover, the hydrogen storage alloy device is installed on the base, the jacket body is mounted on the outside of the female mold of the hydrogen storage alloy device, and its upper and lower ends are open; the upper end cover is installed at the upper end of the jacket body, the lower end cover is installed at the lower end of the jacket body, and the flexible compensation space adjustment device is fixedly installed on the upper end cover; the cold / hot circulation mechanism is connected to the pagodas at the upper and lower ends of the water jacket through two temperature control circuits.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that during the test, a circulation is formed between the cold / hot circulation mechanism and the water jacket to cool and heat the hydrogen storage alloy device, thereby achieving full reaction and efficient conversion during the solid alloy hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively in the form of a stepped columnar structure with a variable diameter, and are respectively threadedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the jacket body.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure, reasonable shape design of the upper end cover and the lower end cover, which can realize assembly with the two ends of the jacket body and greatly improve the sealing performance.

[0020] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage alloy device includes an upper punch, a female punch and a lower punch. The lower punch is installed on the base, and is provided with a hydrogen flow channel with an open upper end, and the lower punch is provided with a hydrogen filling port connected to the hydrogen flow channel; the female punch is installed in the water jacket, and is provided with a hydrogen storage cavity, and the lower end of the hydrogen storage cavity is connected to the hydrogen flow channel; the upper punch relies on the flexible compensation space adjustment device, and its upper end is in contact with the pressure sensor in the expansion stress monitoring device, and the lower end of the upper punch passes through the upper end of the water jacket and extends into the female punch.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that during the test, the solid alloy is placed in the hydrogen storage cavity and the solid alloy is compacted by the upper punch; then, hydrogen is sent from the hydrogen filling port through the hydrogen flow channel into the hydrogen storage cavity by the hydrogen supply device. At this time, the hydrogen reacts with the solid alloy to generate expansion stress to form an upward thrust on the upper punch, and this thrust is balanced with the downward thrust generated by the lifting device.

[0022] Furthermore, an exhaust channel is provided in the upper punch, and the lower end of the exhaust channel is open; an exhaust hole is also provided on the upper punch, and the exhaust hole is connected to the upper end of the exhaust channel, and a plug is installed at the exhaust hole.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are simple structure and reasonable design. The plug can be loosened to discharge the gas in the lower punch cavity, thereby ensuring smooth insertion of the upper punch; and during the reaction between hydrogen and solid alloy, the plug can be tightened to seal and prevent hydrogen leakage.

[0024] Furthermore, a protrusion extends upward from the center of the lower punch, and a plurality of hydrogen holes are evenly spaced on the protrusion; the hydrogen flow channel extends into the protrusion and is respectively connected to the plurality of hydrogen holes.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure, reasonable design of multiple hydrogen holes, convenient uniform diffusion of hydrogen, and ensuring sufficient reaction between the solid alloy and hydrogen.

[0026] Furthermore, the upper die punch has a T-shaped structure, and the lower surface of its upper end is in contact with the upper end of the flexible compensation space adjustment device; the female die has an inverted T-shaped structure, and the protrusion extends into the lower end of the female die and is connected to the interior of the female die; the upper end of the female die has a stepped structure with variable diameter.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure, reasonable shape design of the upper punch and the lower punch, and convenience for assembly of various components.

[0028] Furthermore, the flexible compensation space adjustment device includes an upper die punch support plate and two optical axes, the two optical axes vertically passing through the two sides of the upper die punch support plate respectively, and can be moved up and down and positioned respectively; the upper die punch support plate is horizontally installed at the upper ends of the two optical axes; the upper die punch passes through the upper die punch support plate.

[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are simple structure and reasonable design. The upper punch support plate can support the upper punch. At the same time, the flexible compensation space adjustment device adjusts the flexible compensation space required during the test. The flexible compensation space refers to the cavity thickness reserved when the solid alloy reacts with hydrogen.

[0030] Furthermore, the two optical axes are respectively clamped with quick-mount and detachable fixing rings, and the two quick-mount and detachable fixing rings are respectively located between the upper end cover and the upper die punch support plate; the upper ends of the two optical axes are respectively spaced apart and fixed with a pair of fixing rings, and each pair of fixing rings is respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper die punch support plate.

[0031] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure and reasonable design. Two optical axes can be positioned by using two quick-install and detachable fixing rings, and two pairs of fixing rings can be used to fix the upper punch support plate to prevent the upper punch support plate from sliding down. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rigid frame in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rigid frame of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the water jacket of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the upper end cover in the water jacket of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen storage alloy device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen storage alloy device and the hydrogen supply device in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible compensation space adjustment device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen charging and discharging control system in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling / heating cycle control system in the present invention.

[0046] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0047] 1. Rigid frame; 11. Fixed crossbeam; 12. Movable crossbeam; 13. Base; 131. Center positioning hole; 14. Mounting plate; 141. Install lower plate; 142. Install upper plate; 15. Concave and convex spherical support element; 2. Lifting device; 21. Anti-rotation screw; 22. Lifting support; 221. Input shaft; 23. Intermediate coupling; 24. 86 stepper motor; 241. Output shaft; 25. Lock nut; 251. Disassembly hole A; 252. Threaded hole A; 3. Hydrogen supply device; 31. Small hydrogen source test device; 4. Temperature control device; 41. Cold / hot cycle mechanism; 42. Temperature control circuit; 43. Water jacket; 431. Upper end cover; 4311. Variable diameter stepped column 1; 4 32. Jacket body; 4321. Step support; 4322. Water inlet; 4323. Water outlet; 4324. Water-filled pagoda joint; 4325. Clamping groove; 433. Lower end cap; 4331. Stepped column 2; 4332. Arc groove; 44. Disassembly hole B; 45. Anti-skid groove; 46. Water-sealed annular groove A; 47. O-ring A; 5. Hydrogen storage alloy device; 51. Upper punch; 511. Die head; 512. Die column; 513. Exhaust channel; 514. Exhaust hole; 515. Plug; 52. Female die; 521. Hydrogen storage cavity; 522. Stepped column 3; 523. Water-sealed annular groove C; 524. Water-sealed annular groove D; 53. Lower punch; 53 1. Positioning pin; 532. Hydrogen filling port; 533. Hydrogen filling port connector; 534. Hydrogen flow channel; 535. Hydrogen passage hole; 536. Threaded hole B; 54. Hydrogen sealing annular groove B; 55. O-type rubber ring B; 56. O-type rubber ring C; 57. O-type rubber ring D; 6. Flexible compensation space adjustment device; 61. Retaining ring; 62. Quick-install and remove retaining ring; 63. Upper punch support plate; 64. Linear bearing; 65. Optical axis; 7. Expansion stress monitoring device; 71. Pressure sensor; 72. Digital control instrument; 8. Hydrogen charging and discharging control system; 81. Vacuum system; 811. HV105 switch valve; 812. Filter 1; 813. PV106 switch valve; 814 , hydrogen source discharge pressure gauge 1; 815, HV109 switch valve; 816, vacuum pump; 82, hydrogen filling system; 821, HV104 switch valve; 822, flow limiting valve; 823, hydrogen source pressure regulating valve; 824, PV103 switch valve; 825, HV101 switch valve; 826, hydrogen source discharge pressure gauge 2; 827, filter 2; 9, cold / hot cycle control system; 91, cooling control system; 911, evaporator; 912, compressor; 913, condenser; 914, thermal expansion valve; 915, temperature control switch 1; 92, heating control system; 921, heater; 922, temperature control switch 2; 93, conversion switch; 94, throttle valve; 95, circulation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0051] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a solid hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system, including a rigid frame 1, a lifting device 2, a hydrogen supply device 3, a temperature control device 4, a hydrogen storage alloy device 5, a flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 and an expansion stress monitoring device 7, wherein the temperature control device 4 is mounted on the rigid frame 1, and the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 is mounted on the upper end of the temperature control device 4; the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 passes through the temperature control device 4, and its upper part passes through the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 and extends to the top of the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6, and the hydrogen supply device 3 is connected to the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 through a hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0054] The expansion stress monitoring device 7 is fitted with the upper end of the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 , and the lifting device 2 is installed on the top of the rigid frame 1 , with its lower end fitted with the expansion stress monitoring device 7 .

[0055] During the test, the solid alloy is placed in the hydrogen storage alloy device 5, and hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 via the hydrogen supply device 3. The hydrogen reacts with the solid alloy, causing the alloy to expand in volume and generate heat, which increases the pressure in the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 to generate an upward thrust. At the same time, the lifting device 2 generates a downward force to maintain balance. During this process, the temperature control circuit 42 is used to form a circulation between the cold / hot circulation mechanism 41 and the water jacket 43 to cool and heat the hydrogen storage alloy device 5.

[0056] In addition, the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 is used to adjust the flexible compensation space required during the test. The flexible compensation space refers to the thickness of the cavity reserved when the solid alloy reacts with hydrogen.

[0057] Preferably, in this embodiment, the expansion stress monitoring device 7 is preferably a pressure sensor 71 .

[0058] This embodiment achieves full reaction and efficient conversion during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process of the solid alloy. The expansion stress can be monitored online through the expansion stress monitoring device, and the data can be transmitted to the digital display control instrument. The operator records and analyzes the data to facilitate the exploration of the stability, mechanical properties and life of the solid alloy. The test results can be used as design parameters for large-scale solid-state hydrogen storage tanks and have significant engineering value.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Based on Example 1, in this embodiment, the rigid frame 1 includes a fixed beam 11, a movable beam 12 and a base 13, and the fixed beam 11 and the base 13 are fixedly arranged relative to each other up and down; the movable beam 12 is installed between the fixed beam 11 and the base 13, and can move up and down; the lifting device 2 is installed on the fixed beam 11, the temperature control device 4 is installed on the base 13, and the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 and the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 are respectively located below the movable beam 12.

[0061] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable rigid frame structure, which is convenient for assembling various components. At the same time, the expansion stress generated by the reaction between hydrogen and solid alloy in the lifting device 2 and the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 is used to maintain the balance of the movable beam 12.

[0062] Preferably, in this embodiment, the rigid frame 1 further includes a mounting plate 14 and a concave-convex spherical supporting element 15 . The mounting plate 14 is fixedly mounted horizontally on the fixed beam 11 , and the concave-convex spherical supporting element 15 is fixedly mounted at the center hole on the upper surface of the movable beam 12 .

[0063] In addition, the above-mentioned mounting plate 14 includes a mounting lower plate 141 and a mounting upper plate 142 . The mounting lower plate 141 is horizontally fixedly mounted on the fixed beam 11 , and the mounting upper plate 142 is horizontally fixedly mounted on the mounting lower plate 141 .

[0064] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned lifting device 2 includes an anti-rotation screw 21, a lifting support 22, an intermediate coupling 23, an 86 stepping motor 24 and a locking nut 25. After the anti-rotation screw 21 passes through the through hole of the fixed beam 11, it fits perfectly with the plane of the concave-convex spherical supporting element 15 and can continuously withstand expansion stress; the lifting support 22 has a self-locking function, smooth transmission, low noise, and can realize the up and down movement function of the anti-rotation screw 21; the intermediate coupling 23 mainly connects the output shaft 241 of the 86 stepping motor 24 and the input shaft 221 of the lifting support 22 to transmit rotation and torque; the 86 stepping motor 24 acts as a power source for the up and down movement of the anti-rotation screw 21, and the locking nut 25 has a locking function, which can prevent the screw from moving up and down under load conditions.

[0065] In addition, the anti-rotation screw 21 passes through the through hole of the fixed beam 11. The diameter of the through hole is 5mm larger than the diameter of the anti-rotation screw 21, which is convenient for the assembly and up and down movement of the anti-rotation screw 21. The bottom end is processed into a cylinder with a diameter of 50mm and a depth of 40mm. Its lower end face fits with the upper end face of the concave and convex spherical supporting element 15 to bear pressure; a total of 6 holes are processed on the circumference of the locking nut 25, of which three holes are disassembly holes A251 with a diameter of M11, which are convenient for installing and disassembly tools, and the other three holes are threaded holes A252 with a diameter of M16, which are convenient for locking the anti-rotation screw 21; the fixing bolts for installing the lower plate 141 and the upper plate 142 need to be processed with countersunk holes, and the hole diameter is 1mm larger than the bolt head diameter.

[0066] Preferably, in this embodiment, the upper end cover of the lifting support 22 is provided with a groove, and the coaxial fixing sleeve on the input shaft 221 is provided with a worm gear, which is connected to the internal thread of the anti-rotation screw rod 21, and the anti-rotation screw rod 21 is provided with an anti-rotation key groove, which moves up and down along a straight line through the key between the two grooves, and the anti-rotation screw rod 21 can be locked by the locking nut 25 when it rises and falls to a predetermined position.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] On the basis of Example 2, in this embodiment, the temperature control device 4 includes a cold / hot circulation mechanism 41, a temperature control circuit 42 and a water jacket 43, the water jacket 43 includes an upper end cover 431, a jacket body 432 and a lower end cover 433, the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 is installed on the base 13, the jacket body 432 is sleeved on the outside of the female mold 52 of the hydrogen storage alloy device 5, and its upper and lower ends are open; the upper end cover 431 is installed at the upper end of the jacket body 432, the lower end cover 433 is installed at the lower end of the jacket body 432, and the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 is fixedly installed on the upper end cover 431; the cold / hot circulation mechanism 41 is connected to the pagodas at the upper and lower ends of the water jacket 43 through two temperature control circuits 42.

[0069] During the test, the temperature control circuit 42 is used to form a circulation between the cold / hot circulation mechanism 41 and the water jacket 43 to cool and heat the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 to achieve sufficient reaction and efficient conversion during the solid alloy hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0070] Preferably, in this embodiment, a compressor 912, a condenser 913, and a heater 921 are installed in the above-mentioned cold / hot circulation mechanism 41. The cold / hot circulation mechanism 41 drives the cold / hot water to circulate in the water jacket 43 through the circulation pump 95, thereby realizing full reaction and efficient conversion of the solid alloy during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] On the basis of Example 3, in this embodiment, the upper end cover 431 and the lower end cover 433 are respectively in the form of a stepped columnar structure with a variable diameter, and are respectively threadedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the jacket body 432 .

[0073] This solution has a simple structure, and the shapes of the upper end cover 431 and the lower end cover 433 are reasonably designed, which can realize assembly with both ends of the jacket body 432 and greatly improve the sealing performance.

[0074] Based on the above solution, the diameter-reducing stepped column on the upper end cover 431 is the diameter-reducing stepped column 1 4311 , and the diameter-reducing stepped column on the lower end cover 433 is the diameter-reducing stepped column 2 4331 .

[0075] Example 5

[0076] On the basis of any one of Examples 3 to 4, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 includes an upper punch 51, a female die 52 and a lower punch 53, the lower punch 53 is installed on the base 13, and is provided with a hydrogen flow channel 534 with an open upper end, and the lower punch 53 is provided with a hydrogen filling port 532 connected to the hydrogen flow channel 534; the female die 52 is installed in the water jacket 43, and is provided with a hydrogen storage cavity 521, and the lower end of the hydrogen storage cavity 521 is connected to the hydrogen flow channel 534; the upper punch 51 relies on the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6, and its upper end is in contact with the pressure sensor 71 in the expansion stress monitoring device 7, and the lower end of the upper punch 51 passes through the upper end of the water jacket 43 and extends into the female die 52.

[0077] During the test, the solid alloy is placed in the hydrogen storage cavity 521 and compacted by the upper punch 51; then, hydrogen is fed from the hydrogen filling port 532 through the hydrogen flow channel 534 into the hydrogen storage cavity 521 by the hydrogen supply device 3. At this time, the hydrogen reacts with the solid alloy to generate expansion stress to form an upward thrust on the upper punch 51, which is balanced with the downward thrust generated by the lifting device 2.

[0078] Preferably, in this embodiment, the upper end cover 431 is a stepped column of variable diameter, wherein the first column section is processed with an external thread and connected to the jacket body 432, and the second column section cooperates with the step support 4321 on the jacket body 432; the third column section cooperates with the upper end of the jacket body 432, and the first and second column sections are respectively provided with anti-slip grooves 45 and water-sealed annular grooves A46, and through holes are provided in the middle and on both sides of the cover; step supports 4321 are provided at both ends of the jacket body 432, and water inlets 4322 and water outlets 4323 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the jacket body 432, and water filling pagoda joints 4324 are respectively installed at the water inlet 4322 and the water outlet 4323, and a symmetrical water inlet and outlet method is adopted to ensure the circulation of cold / hot water so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cavity 521 reacts more fully with the solid alloy and the conversion is more efficient.

[0079] In addition, the outer side of the lower end cover 433 is characterized by a stepped column of variable diameter, wherein the first and second column sections are the same as the upper end cover 431 and the jacket body 432 in terms of matching, and the anti-slip groove 45 and the water-sealing annular groove A46 opened thereon are the same as those of the upper end cover 431, while the third column section is matched with the lower end of the jacket body 432, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the cover; the O-type rubber ring A47 is mainly assembled in the water-sealing annular groove A46 of the upper end cover 431 and the lower end cover 433 to prevent the leakage of cold / hot water.

[0080] Moreover, the width of the anti-slip groove 45 of the first column section of the upper end cover 431 is 0.74mm wider than the depth of the thread profile, and the depth is 1mm larger than the lower end chamfer of the upper step support 4321 on the jacket body 432, preventing the upper and lower aluminum covers from fitting poorly with the jacket body 432 and improving the sealing performance; the diameter of the second column section is 0.2mm smaller than the diameter of the upper step support 4321 on the jacket body 432, preventing interference assembly between the cover and the tank; 6 disassembly holes B44 of the same size are processed on the circumference of the third column section to facilitate the installation of disassembly tools.

[0081] In this embodiment, the upper and lower sides of the jacket body 432 are machined with clamping grooves 4325 of the same characteristics to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the upper end cover 431 and the lower end cover 433; the circumference of the third column section of the lower end cover 433 is machined with an arc groove 4332 with a diameter of 2 mm and 6 disassembly holes B44 of the same size to facilitate the fixation of the water jacket 43 and the installation of disassembly tools; the inner diameter of the O-ring A47 is equal to the inner diameter of the water-sealing annular groove A46, the outer diameter is 1.2 mm larger, and the circular diameter is 0.4 mm smaller than the depth of the water-sealing annular groove A46; the upper end of the step support 4321 on the jacket body 432 needs to be chamfered by 0.5 mm, so as to achieve a good sealing effect while preventing the O-ring A47 and the jacket body 432 from being difficult to assemble.

[0082] Based on the above solution, the hydrogen supply device 3 mainly provides 0-5 MPa hydrogen to the hydrogen storage alloy device 5 through the small hydrogen source test device 31.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] On the basis of Example 5, in this embodiment, an exhaust channel 513 is provided in the upper punch 51, and the lower end of the exhaust channel 513 is open; an exhaust hole 514 is also provided on the upper punch 51, and the exhaust hole 514 is connected to the upper end of the exhaust channel 513, and a plug 515 is installed at the exhaust hole 514.

[0085] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. The plug 515 can be loosened to discharge the gas in the cavity of the female mold 52, thereby ensuring smooth insertion of the upper punch 51; and during the reaction between hydrogen and solid alloy, the plug 515 can be tightened to seal and prevent hydrogen leakage.

[0086] Preferably, in this embodiment, the exhaust holes 514 are distributed perpendicular to the exhaust channel 513 .

[0087] The upper punch 51 features an optimized 2mm diameter vent hole, which uses an M5 threaded plug to seal and discharge the gas. The plug is equipped with a graphite nylon gasket to effectively prevent hydrogen leakage. During the mating process between the upper punch 51 and the female die 52, the M5 threaded plug can be loosened to exhaust the gas in the female die cavity, thereby ensuring smooth insertion of the upper punch. During the reaction between hydrogen and the solid alloy, the plug can be tightened to seal and prevent hydrogen leakage. The contact roughness of the plug with the surface is 1.6 to ensure a good sealing effect.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] Based on any one of Examples 5 to 6, in this embodiment, a protrusion extends upward from the center of the lower punch 53, and a plurality of hydrogen holes 535 are evenly spaced on the protrusion; the hydrogen flow channel 534 extends into the protrusion, and is respectively connected to the plurality of hydrogen holes 535.

[0090] This solution has a simple structure, and the multiple hydrogen holes 535 are reasonably designed to facilitate uniform diffusion of hydrogen and ensure sufficient reaction between the solid alloy and hydrogen.

[0091] Example 8

[0092] On the basis of Example 7, in this embodiment, the upper punch 51 has a T-shaped structure, and the lower surface of its upper end is in contact with the upper end of the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6; the female mold 52 has an inverted T-shaped structure, and the protrusion extends into the lower end of the female mold 52 and is connected to the interior of the female mold 52; the female mold 52 has a variable diameter stepped structure.

[0093] This solution has a simple structure, and the shapes of the upper punch 51 and the female die 52 are reasonably designed, which facilitates the assembly of various components.

[0094] The hydrogen storage alloy device 5 also includes a hydrogen sealing annular groove B54, an O-type rubber ring B55, an O-type rubber ring C56 and an O-type rubber ring D57. The upper die punch 51 is mainly divided into two parts: a die head 511 and a die column 512. The lower end face of the die head 511 is in contact with the upper end face of the upper die punch support plate 63. The lower end of the die column 512 is provided with four hydrogen sealing annular grooves B54; the middle through hole of the female mold 52 is a hydrogen storage cavity 521, and the structure of the variable diameter step is a variable diameter step column three 522, wherein the first column section cooperates with the middle through hole of the upper end cover 431, and the second and third column sections respectively cooperate with the upper and lower through holes of the lower end cover 433, the first and second column sections are respectively provided with a water sealing annular groove C523 and a water sealing annular groove D524, and the bottom end of the third column section is provided with 6 hexagonal bolt holes on the circumference and fixed to the water jacket 43, the main function of which is to place the solid alloy.

[0095] The lower die punch 53 can mainly realize the three functions of fixing the water jacket 43, charging hydrogen, and preventing hydrogen leakage. (1) In terms of fixing the water jacket 43, a cylindrical hole is opened at the bottom of the component to facilitate the assembly of the positioning pin 531 with the central positioning hole 131 of the base 13, ensuring that the water jacket 43 is always located in the center of the base 13, and then installed on the base 13 through the hexagon socket bolt. There are 4 threaded holes B536 evenly distributed on the circumferential wall, and the water jacket 43 is fixed by the pointed set screws to prevent the water jacket 43 from tilting during the experiment. (2) In terms of hydrogen charging, a hydrogen charging port 532 is opened on the side of the component. The hydrogen charging port 532 has an NPT1 / 8 threaded port that can be assembled with a hydrogen charging port connector 533. The input of hydrogen is mainly through the hydrogen charging port connector 533 and the central hydrogen flow channel 534. (3) In terms of preventing hydrogen leakage, the piston of this component is provided with a hydrogen sealing annular groove B54, which has the same characteristics as the upper punch 51; the O-type rubber ring B55 is mainly assembled in the hydrogen sealing annular groove B54 of the upper punch 51 and the lower punch 53 to prevent hydrogen leakage; the O-type rubber ring C56 and the O-type rubber ring D57 are mainly assembled in the water sealing annular groove C523 and the water sealing annular groove D524 of the first and second column sections of the female mold 52 to prevent cold / hot water from seeping out. The diameter of the die head 511 in the upper die punch 51 is 27mm larger than the diameter of the middle through hole of the upper die punch support plate 63, and the diameter of the die column 512 is 19mm smaller than the diameter of the middle through hole of the upper die punch support plate 63 to ensure the fit of the assembly and no interference. At the same time, the bottom end of the die column 512 and the hydrogen storage cavity 521 of the female die 52 should be reasonably designed with tolerances controlled at IT9 level to prevent hydrogen leakage; the diameter of the first column section of the female die 52 is 0.2mm smaller than the diameter of the middle through hole of the upper end cover 431, and the second column section and the through hole on the lower end cover 433 need to be reasonably designed with tolerances controlled at IT1 Level 1, the third column section is 0.2mm smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole under the lower end cover 433; the cylindrical hole opened at the bottom end of the lower punch 53 needs to be chamfered by 8mm to facilitate welding the positioning pin 531 to the lower punch 53. The diameter of the upper end of the piston of this component is 1mm smaller than the diameter of the hydrogen storage cavity 521, and the 4mm hydrogen flow channel 534 is not processed with a through hole, and is 4.5mm away from the upper end surface of the piston. At the same time, 8 hydrogen holes 535 with a diameter of 4mm are processed on the circumference of the piston. The main function is to facilitate the uniform diffusion of hydrogen and ensure the full reaction of the solid alloy and hydrogen.The lower part of the piston hydrogen hole 535 and the hydrogen storage cavity 521 of the female mold 52 should be designed with reasonable tolerances and controlled at IT9 level to prevent hydrogen leakage; there are a total of 8 O-type rubber rings B55, four in the upper die 51 and four in the lower die 53. The inner diameters of the first three O-type rubber rings B55 in contact with the inner wall of the hydrogen storage cavity 521 are equal to the inner diameter of the hydrogen sealing annular groove B54, the outer diameter is 0.6mm larger, and the circular diameter is 0.1mm smaller than the depth of the hydrogen sealing annular groove B54. The fourth O-type rubber ring B55 in direct contact with hydrogen is 0.1mm smaller than the depth of the hydrogen sealing annular groove B54. The inner diameter and circular diameter of 55 are the same as the previous three, but the outer diameter is 0.4mm larger and has chamfers; there are a total of 4 O-type rubber rings C56 and O-type rubber rings D57, and there are 2 in the first and second column sections of the female mold 52 respectively. The inner diameter of the O-type rubber ring C56 and O-type rubber ring D57 is equal to the inner diameter of the water-sealing annular groove C523 and the water-sealing annular groove D524, the outer diameter is 0.8mm larger, and the circular diameter is 0.1mm smaller than the depth of the water-sealing annular groove C523 and the water-sealing annular groove D524, to ensure non-interference in assembly and improve sealing.

[0096] Example 9

[0097] Based on any one of Examples 5 to 8, in this embodiment, the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 includes an upper punch support plate 63 and two optical axes 65, and the two optical axes 65 vertically pass through the two sides of the upper end cover 431 respectively, and can be moved up and down and positioned respectively; the upper punch support plate 63 is horizontally installed at the upper ends of the two optical axes 65; the upper punch 51 passes through the upper punch support plate 63.

[0098] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. The upper punch support plate 63 can support the upper punch 51. At the same time, the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 adjusts the flexible compensation space required during the test. The flexible compensation space refers to the cavity thickness reserved when the solid alloy reacts with hydrogen.

[0099] Example 10

[0100] On the basis of Example 9, in this embodiment, the two optical axes 65 are respectively clamped with quick-mount and detachable fixing rings 62, and the two quick-mount and detachable fixing rings 62 are respectively located between the upper end cover 431 and the upper die support plate 63; the upper ends of the two optical axes 65 are respectively fixed with a pair of fixing rings 61, and each pair of fixing rings 61 is respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper die support plate 63.

[0101] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. Two optical axes 65 can be positioned using two quick-install and detachable fixing rings 62, and the upper punch support plate 63 can be fixed using two pairs of fixing rings 61 to prevent the upper punch support plate 63 from sliding down.

[0102] Preferably, in this embodiment, there are a total of four fixing rings 61, which pass through the optical axis 65 and are placed on the upper and lower sides of the upper die support plate 63 respectively, and are fastened by hexagon socket bolts to act as stops to prevent the upper die support plate 63 from sliding down; there are a total of two quick-install and detachable fixing rings 62, which pass through the optical axis 65 and are placed on both sides of the plane of the upper end cover 431, and are fastened by quick snaps to act as stops, and can act as a positioning mechanism when adjusting the flexible compensation space to prevent the optical axis 65 from sliding down.

[0103] In addition, through holes are opened in the middle and on both sides of the upper punch support plate 63 to facilitate the assembly of the upper punch 51 and the optical axis 65. There are a total of two linear bearings 64, which are arranged in the through holes on both sides of the upper end cover 431. They can provide precise guidance for the up and down movement of the optical axis 65. During actual movement, the ball bearings can reduce the friction coefficient and improve movement efficiency. There are a total of two optical axes, which pass through the through holes on both sides of the upper punch support plate 63 and the upper end cover 431. They are important components for flexible compensation space adjustment, and the buffer layer thickness can be effectively adjusted within a range of 0-147mm. The diameter of the through holes on both sides of the upper punch support plate 63 is 1mm larger than the diameter of the optical axis 65; the diameter of the linear bearing 64 is 0.2mm smaller than the diameter of the through holes on both sides of the upper end cover 431.

[0104] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0105] Adjust and calibrate the expansion stress monitoring device 7, weigh a certain mass of solid alloy and put it into the hydrogen storage cavity 521 for compression, and use the upper punch 51 to compact the solid alloy; place the assembled water jacket 43, hydrogen storage alloy device 5 and flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 on the base 13 of the fully automatic pressure rigid frame 1, and fix it with the lower punch 53 to ensure that it will not tilt; use the flexible compensation space adjustment device 6 to adjust the flexible compensation space we need, and the solid alloy quality and hydrogen filling pressure can be controlled to a certain extent during actual operation. The distance between the upper punch support plate 63 and the upper end cover 431 can be measured with a vernier caliper to read the thickness of the flexible compensation space; after the thickness of the flexible compensation space is adjusted, manually adjust the lower end face of the movable crossbeam 12 to contact with the die head 511 of the upper punch 51, and the anti-rotation screw rod 21 contacts the concave and convex spherical support element 15 on the upper end face of the movable crossbeam 12 to ensure that the cylindrical surface at the bottom end of the anti-rotation screw rod 21 is perfectly fitted with the upper end face of the concave and convex spherical support element 15; punch The cold / hot circulation mechanism 41 is turned on, and cold / hot water flows in from the water inlet 4322 of the jacket body 432 and flows out from the water outlet 4323, ensuring sufficient circulation of cold / hot water. At the same time, the small hydrogen source test device 31 relies on the hydrogen charging and discharging control system 8 to evacuate the hydrogen storage cavity 521; after 10 minutes, the switch valve of the small hydrogen source test device 31 is opened, and hydrogen flows from the switch valve through the hydrogen charging port connector 533, the hydrogen flow channel 534 and the hydrogen hole 535 to fully react with the solid alloy, meeting the hydrogen storage alloy's hydrogen desorption and heat absorption requirements; the expansion stress monitoring device 7 can monitor the magnitude of the expansion stress online. Since the solid alloy absorbs and desorbs hydrogen is a continuous process, the expansion stress of the solid alloy continues to increase during the hydrogen absorption process and continues to decrease after the hydrogen is discharged. The stress change value can be transmitted to the digital display control instrument 72 through the pressure sensor 71. The operator can record and analyze the data to provide data support for the tank design pressure, the optimized design of the flexible compensation space and the solid alloy material performance.

[0106] In the present invention, the solid hydrogen storage alloy needs to go through a cold / hot cycle process to absorb and release hydrogen cyclically to achieve sufficient absorption and efficient release of hydrogen. This cycle process is mainly completed by the cold / hot cycle control system 9 of the cold / hot cycle device 41.

[0107] The cooling / heating cycle control system primarily consists of a cooling control system 91 and a heating control system 92. The cooling control system 91 primarily includes an evaporator 911, a compressor 912, a condenser 913, a thermal expansion valve 914, and a temperature control switch 915. First, low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows from the evaporator 911 into the compressor 912, which compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas without changing its state. The refrigerant gas then flows from the compressor 912 into the condenser 913. The condenser 913 dissipates heat, liquefying the high-temperature, high-pressure gas into a liquid that flows to the thermal expansion valve 914. The thermal expansion valve 914 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant, turning it into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid that flows to the evaporator 911. The refrigerant in the evaporator 911 absorbs heat and vaporizes into a low-temperature, low-pressure gas, completing the cycle. The high-temperature cooling water dissipates heat in the evaporator, cooling it. The cooled cooling water then enters the water tank for mixing to ensure stable temperature. The circulating pump 95 then delivers the cooling water to the water jacket 43. Thermostatic switch 915 monitors the cooling water temperature and automatically disconnects if it exceeds the specified temperature, providing protection. A transfer switch 93 switches between hot and cold water circulation modes, each operating independently and without interfering with the other. A throttle valve 94 controls the water flow rate, ensuring stable system operation. A circulating pump 95 ensures the continuous flow of hot and cold water throughout the system, ensuring even circulation among all components. The system's primary function is to prepare and circulate cooling water, removing the heat generated by the reaction between the solid hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen, ensuring a full reaction.

[0108] Furthermore, heating control system 92 primarily comprises heater 921 and temperature control switch 2 922. Cooling water is delivered to heater 921 via circulation pump 95, where it is heated to a preset temperature. Temperature control switch 2 922 monitors the temperature of the hot water and automatically disconnects if it exceeds the specified temperature, providing protection. The transfer switch 93, throttle valve 94, and circulation pump 95 all function identically to those described for cooling control system 91. This system primarily prepares and circulates hot water, enabling efficient hydrogen release from the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy.

[0109] The small hydrogen source test device 31 relies on the hydrogen charging and discharging control system 8 to vacuum the hydrogen storage cavity 521; after 10 minutes, the switch valve of the small hydrogen source test device 31 is opened, and hydrogen flows from the switch valve through the hydrogen charging port connector 533, the hydrogen flow channel 534 and the hydrogen hole 535 to react with the solid alloy.

[0110] The hydrogen charging and discharging control system 8 primarily consists of a vacuum system 81 and a hydrogen charging system 82. Vacuum system 81 primarily includes an HV105 on / off valve 811, a filter 1 812, a PV106 on / off valve 813, a hydrogen source discharge pressure gauge 1 814, an HV109 on / off valve 815, and a vacuum pump 816. Vacuum pump 816 extracts gas from the hydrogen storage alloy device 5; filter 1 812 removes particulate matter and other impurities during the extraction process. This system primarily maintains a stable vacuum within the hydrogen storage cavity.

[0111] The hydrogen charging system 82 primarily includes an HV104 on / off valve 821, a flow limiting valve 822, a hydrogen source pressure regulating valve 823, a PV103 on / off valve 824, an HV101 on / off valve 825, a hydrogen source discharge pressure gauge 826, and a filter 827. Filter 827 removes impurities and moisture from the hydrogen, ensuring high hydrogen purity. The hydrogen source pressure regulating valve 823 adjusts the output hydrogen pressure as needed, maintaining it at a stable level. The flow limiting valve 822 limits the maximum flow rate of hydrogen, preventing dangerous situations caused by excessive flow. The hydrogen source discharge pressure gauge monitors the pressure, the operating status of the on / off valves, and the pump in real time. This system primarily provides a stable hydrogen output to the hydrogen storage alloy device 5, ensuring the proper conduct of the test. The vacuum system 81 is evacuated in a manner that the PV106 switch valve 813 is opened first, and then the HV109 switch valve 815 is opened, and the vacuuming is maintained for 10 minutes. After completion, the HV109 switch valve 815 is closed first, and then the PV106 switch valve 813 is closed. The hydrogen charging system 82 is charged with hydrogen in a manner that the PV103 switch valve 824 is opened first, and then the HV101 switch valve 825 is opened, until the solid alloy reacts fully with the hydrogen and the expansion stress value remains stable, and then the PV103 switch valve 824 is closed first, and then the HV101 switch valve 825 is closed.

[0112] It should be noted that all electronic components involved in the present invention adopt existing technologies, and the above components are electrically connected to the controller, and the control circuits between the controller and the components are existing technologies.

[0113] Without changing the core technical principle of the present invention, appropriate size reduction or similar modifications are also within the scope of protection of the patent technology of this invention.

[0114] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0115] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system, characterized by: The invention comprises a rigid frame (1), a lifting device (2), a hydrogen supply device (3), a temperature control device (4), a hydrogen storage alloy device (5), a flexible compensation space adjustment device (6) and an expansion stress monitoring device (7), wherein the temperature control device (4) is mounted on the rigid frame (1), and the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6) is mounted on the upper end of the temperature control device (4); the hydrogen storage alloy device (5) passes through the temperature control device (4), and the upper part thereof passes through the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6) and extends to the upper part of the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6); the hydrogen supply device (3) is connected to the hydrogen storage alloy device (5) through a hydrogen supply pipeline; The expansion stress monitoring device (7) is fitted with the upper end of the hydrogen storage alloy device (5), and the lifting device (2) is installed on the top of the rigid frame (1), with its lower end fitted with the expansion stress monitoring device (7).

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid frame (1) comprises a fixed crossbeam (11), a movable crossbeam (12) and a base (13); the fixed crossbeam (11) and the base (13) are fixedly arranged relative to each other up and down; the movable crossbeam (12) is installed between the fixed crossbeam (11) and the base (13) and can move up and down; the lifting device (2) is installed on the fixed crossbeam (11), the temperature control device (4) is installed on the base (13), and the hydrogen storage alloy device (5) and the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6) are respectively located below the movable crossbeam (12).

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature control device (4) includes a cold / hot circulation mechanism (41) and a water jacket (43), the water jacket (43) includes an upper end cover (431), a jacket body (432) and a lower end cover (433), the hydrogen storage alloy device (5) is installed on the base (13), the jacket body (432) is sleeved outside the female mold (52) of the hydrogen storage alloy device (5), and its upper and lower ends are open; the upper end cover (431) is installed at the upper end of the jacket body (432), and the lower end cover (433) is installed at the lower end of the jacket body (432), and the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6) is fixedly installed on the upper end cover (431); the cold / hot circulation mechanism (41) is connected to the upper and lower ends of the water jacket (43) through two temperature control circuits (42).

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end cover (431) and the lower end cover (433) are respectively in the form of a stepped columnar structure with a variable diameter, and are respectively threadedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the jacket body (432).

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy device (5) comprises an upper punch (51), a female die (52) and a lower punch (53); the lower punch (53) is mounted on the base (13), and is provided with a hydrogen flow channel (534) with an open upper end, and the lower punch (53) is provided with a hydrogen charging port (532) connected to the hydrogen flow channel (534); the female die (52) is mounted in the water jacket (43), and is provided with a hydrogen storage cavity (521) in the interior, and the lower end of the hydrogen storage cavity (521) is connected to the hydrogen flow channel (534); the upper punch (51) relies on the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6), and its upper end is in contact with the pressure sensor (71) in the expansion stress monitoring device (7), and the lower end of the upper punch (51) passes through the upper end of the water jacket (43) and extends into the female die (52).

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: An exhaust channel (513) is provided in the upper die punch (51), and the lower end of the exhaust channel (513) is open; an exhaust hole (514) is also provided on the upper die punch (51), and the exhaust hole (514) is communicated with the upper end of the exhaust channel (513), and a plug (515) is installed at the exhaust hole (514).

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A protrusion extends upward from the center of the lower die punch (53), and a plurality of hydrogen holes (535) are evenly spaced on the protrusion; the hydrogen flow channel (534) extends into the protrusion and is respectively connected to the plurality of hydrogen holes (535).

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper die punch (51) has a T-shaped structure, and the lower surface of its upper end is in contact with the upper end of the flexible compensation space adjustment device (6); the female die (52) has an inverted T-shaped structure, and the protrusion extends into the lower end of the female die (52) and is connected to the interior of the female die (52); the female die (52) has a stepped structure with a variable diameter.

9. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible compensation space adjustment device (6) comprises an upper die punch support plate (63) and two optical axes (65), wherein the two optical axes (65) vertically penetrate the two sides of the upper end cover (431) and can be moved up and down and positioned respectively; the upper die punch support plate (63) is horizontally mounted on the upper ends of the two optical axes (65); and the upper die punch (51) penetrates the upper die punch support plate (63).

10. The solid-state hydrogen storage alloy cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen expansion performance testing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two optical axes (65) are respectively clamped with quick-install and detachable fixing rings (62), and the two quick-install and detachable fixing rings (62) are respectively located between the upper end cover (431) and the upper die punch support plate (63); the upper ends of the two optical axes (65) are respectively provided with a pair of fixing rings (61) at intervals, and each pair of fixing rings (61) is respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper die punch support plate (63).

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