River and lake water body ecological management system

Abstract

The invention provides a river and lake water body ecological management system, and belongs to the technical field of water body ecological management, and the system comprises a data collection module which monitors key data of a preset type of a river and lake water body in real time based on a preset sensor; the index analysis module is used for determining a pollution index based on the monitoring data and further determining a pollution level and a main pollution factor of the water body; the water quality early warning module is used for carrying out water quality early warning based on the pollution index and a preset pollution index threshold value; the coefficient evaluation module is used for determining a plurality of pollution decomposition areas based on the water quality early warning result, and further obtaining and evaluating the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area by combining the pollution level of the water body; the scheme determination module determines a pollution decomposition scheme based on the evaluation result and the main pollution factors, hysteresis and artificial errors in a traditional method are reduced, and the ecological environment of the river and lake water is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water body ecological management, and in particular to a river and lake water body ecological management system. Background Art

[0002] Most existing pollution control solutions for rivers and lakes rely on manual analysis and processing of water quality test data. These solutions typically analyze pollution factors through sampling and empirical assessment, but fail to implement real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of control solutions. Furthermore, while some systems can provide initial early warnings using pollution indices, they lack the ability to accurately identify and resolve pollution sources, resulting in limited control effectiveness. Existing technologies fail to combine real-time monitoring with precise analysis, resulting in delayed or inaccurate pollution assessments, a lack of targeted and personalized pollution control solutions, and an inability to dynamically evaluate and adjust control measures in complex water quality environments.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, which is used to achieve accurate assessment and early warning of pollution conditions through real-time monitoring of water body data and dynamic pollution index analysis. Compared with the existing technology, through the collaborative work of multiple modules, it can not only identify pollution factors in a timely manner, but also intelligently divide pollution decomposition areas according to pollution levels. Combined with decomposition coefficient evaluation, personalized pollution control plans can be formulated to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of water quality, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of water body management, reducing the lag and human errors in traditional methods, and effectively improving the ecological environment of river and lake water bodies.

[0005] The present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system comprising: Data acquisition module: real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors; Index analysis module: Determine the pollution index based on monitoring data, and then determine the pollution level and main pollution factors of the water body; Water quality early warning module: Water quality early warning based on pollution index and preset pollution index threshold; Coefficient evaluation module: Determines several pollution decomposition areas based on water quality early warning results, and then obtains the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area and evaluates it based on the pollution level of the water body; Solution determination module: Determine the pollution decomposition solution based on the assessment results and main pollution factors.

[0006] The present invention provides a data acquisition module for a river and lake water ecological management system, comprising: Characteristic determination unit: obtains and analyzes the geographic information of rivers and lakes to determine the flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics of rivers and lakes; Range determination unit: Determines the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a preset diffusion model; Characteristic analysis unit: Determine several key monitoring points based on water flow characteristics and the impact of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies; Network construction unit: determines a number of corresponding preset sensors based on the key data of the preset type, and deploys the corresponding preset sensors at each key monitoring point to build a sensor monitoring network; Data monitoring unit: Real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on the sensor monitoring network.

[0007] The present invention provides an index analysis module for river and lake water ecological management systems, comprising: Index determination unit: determines several pollution indices based on monitoring data; Interval determination unit: determines a number of pollution index intervals based on a preset pollution level classification standard, each pollution index interval corresponds to a pollution level; Level determination unit: determines the pollution level of river and lake water bodies based on all pollution indices; Data analysis unit: Analyze the monitoring data to determine several key influencing parameters, and identify all key influencing parameters as major pollution factors.

[0008] The present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system index determination unit, comprising: Region determination subunit: determines several monitoring regions based on monitoring points and preset ranges; Data processing subunit: standardizes monitoring data based on preset data processing methods; Index determination subunit: determines the pollution index of each monitoring area based on the standardized monitoring data;

[0009] in, is the pollution index of the i-th monitoring area, is the standardized concentration of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the standardized concentration threshold of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the preset sensitivity coefficient of the jth pollutant in the i-th monitoring area, is the preset environmental correlation coefficient of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the number of types of pollutants in the ith monitoring area, is the preset pollution index reference value for the simultaneous presence of the j-th pollutant and the k-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area, is the preset pollution index reference value for the i-th monitoring area where only the j-th pollutant exists, It is the preset pollution index reference value when only the k-th pollutant exists in the i-th monitoring area.

[0010] The present invention provides a water quality early warning module for a river and lake water ecological management system, comprising: Level determination unit: determines the warning level of each monitoring area based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and a preset pollution index threshold; Water quality early warning unit: Based on the early warning level of each monitoring area and the preset level-mode database, it obtains the corresponding water quality early warning plan and issues a water quality early warning.

[0011] The present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system coefficient evaluation module, comprising: The first regional determination unit determines the warning level of each monitoring area based on the water quality warning results, and determines the monitoring area that exceeds the preset warning level threshold as the main pollution area; The second area determination unit: determines the main pollution area as the main decomposition area, and determines the adjacent area of the main pollution area as the secondary decomposition area.

[0012] The present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system coefficient evaluation module, which also includes: Parameter acquisition unit: acquiring pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area and environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area; Data processing unit: standardizes the pollution level of water bodies, pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area, and environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area; Coefficient determination unit: Determine the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area based on the pollution level of the water body after standardization treatment, the pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area, and the environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area:

[0013] in, is the pollution index of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the water pollution level corresponding to the nth pollution decomposition area, is the concentration of the hth major pollution factor in the nth pollution decomposition area, The preset initial background concentration of the hth major pollution factor, is the number of types of main pollution factors, is the water velocity coefficient, is the water temperature coefficient, is the ecosystem health coefficient, is the area coefficient, is the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area except the other adjacent main decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the water flow connectivity coefficient of the nth pollution decomposition area.

[0014] The present invention provides a main pollution factors of a river and lake water ecological management system, including: physical pollution factors, chemical pollution factors and biological pollution factors.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: Through real-time monitoring of water body data and dynamic pollution index analysis, accurate assessment and early warning of pollution conditions are achieved. Compared with existing technologies, through the collaborative work of multiple modules, it can not only identify pollution factors in a timely manner, but also intelligently divide pollution decomposition areas according to pollution levels. Combined with decomposition coefficient evaluation, personalized pollution control plans can be formulated to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of water quality, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of water body management, reducing the lag and human errors in traditional methods, and effectively improving the ecological environment of river and lake water bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a river and lake water ecological management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, such as Figure 1 Shown, including: Data acquisition module: real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors; Index analysis module: Determine the pollution index based on monitoring data, and then determine the pollution level and main pollution factors of the water body; Water quality early warning module: Water quality early warning based on pollution index and preset pollution index threshold; Coefficient evaluation module: Determines several pollution decomposition areas based on water quality early warning results, and then obtains the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area and evaluates it based on the pollution level of the water body; Solution determination module: Determine the pollution decomposition solution based on the assessment results and main pollution factors.

[0020] In this embodiment, the pollution index is a comprehensive value calculated based on the concentrations of different pollutants in the water or water quality indicators, used to measure the degree of water pollution. It is typically based on the test results of multiple pollutants in the water (such as ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, etc.), and a unified index value is calculated through weighted calculation to quickly assess the quality of the water. In this embodiment, the water pollution level is a process of classifying the water pollution status into different levels based on the pollution index and specific water quality standards. Typically, the pollution level is divided into several levels, such as excellent, good, medium, and poor, to describe the degree of pollution in the water and its suitability for ecological or human use. For example, if the pollution index is 75, the water body may be classified as "poor" according to national water quality standards, indicating that the water body is severely polluted and the water quality is not suitable for drinking or the normal operation of the ecosystem.

[0021] In this embodiment, the preset pollution index threshold refers to a pre-set standard or critical value for the pollution index during water monitoring. When the pollution index of a water body exceeds this threshold, the system automatically issues a water quality warning, indicating that water pollution has reached a dangerous level and that further pollution control measures are required. For example, assuming the preset pollution index threshold is 80, if the pollution index of a monitored river reaches 85, the system triggers an early warning mechanism, alerting relevant personnel that the water quality in the water area does not meet the standard and pollution control measures are required.

[0022] In this embodiment, a pollution decomposition plan refers to specific measures developed to decompose pollution and improve water quality based on the identification and assessment of pollutants in a specific water body. This plan typically tailors decomposition methods based on the type and concentration of the pollutants and the characteristics of the water body, such as the introduction of biodegradants or the use of physical and chemical treatments. For example, during monitoring of a lake, elevated levels of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were detected, resulting in a pollution index of 90, and the water body was classified as severely polluted. In this case, the pollution decomposition plan might include biological purification (such as the use of floating aquatic plants), the introduction of adsorbents, or the use of constructed wetlands to decompose harmful substances in the water and gradually improve water quality.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution: through real-time monitoring of water body data and dynamic pollution index analysis, accurate assessment and early warning of pollution conditions are achieved. Compared with existing technologies, through the collaborative work of multiple modules, it can not only identify pollution factors in a timely manner, but also intelligently divide pollution decomposition areas according to pollution levels. Combined with decomposition coefficient evaluation, personalized pollution control plans can be formulated to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of water quality, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of water body management, reducing the lag and human errors in traditional methods, and effectively improving the ecological environment of river and lake water bodies.

[0024] Example 2: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, a data acquisition module, including: Characteristic determination unit: obtains and analyzes the geographic information of rivers and lakes to determine the flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics of rivers and lakes; Range determination unit: Determines the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a preset diffusion model; Characteristic analysis unit: Determine several key monitoring points based on water flow characteristics and the impact of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies; Network construction unit: determines a number of corresponding preset sensors based on the key data of the preset type, and deploys the corresponding preset sensors at each key monitoring point to build a sensor monitoring network; Data monitoring unit: Real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on the sensor monitoring network.

[0025] In this embodiment, the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies is determined based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a preset diffusion model. This involves using a diffusion model to predict the diffusion path and concentration distribution of pollutants in the water body. For example, for a factory outlet located upstream of a river, the diffusion model can be used to predict the diffusion distance and concentration changes of pollutants in the river to determine its impact range.

[0026] In this embodiment, several key monitoring points are identified based on water flow characteristics and the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies. The flow path is determined based on water flow characteristics. A series of sensors are placed along the main flow line to monitor the migration and diffusion of pollutants. Downstream of the pollution source and within its impact range, sensors are densely deployed to monitor changes in pollutant concentrations in real time. Sensors are placed in areas with drastic flow changes, such as tributary confluences, bends, and eddy currents, to capture dynamic changes in water flow and water quality. Sensors are placed in ecologically sensitive areas, such as wetlands and aquatic habitats, to monitor changes in the ecological environment. For example, in a section of a river, there are multiple factory outfalls and tributaries. Based on the analysis results, sensors are placed downstream of each outfall, at the confluence of each tributary, and in ecologically sensitive areas to form a complete monitoring network. Sensor spacing optimization: The spacing between sensors is optimized based on the spatial variation of the monitored parameters and the sensor's monitoring accuracy. For parameters that vary more drastically, such as pollutant concentration near the pollution source, the sensor spacing is appropriately reduced; for parameters that vary more slowly, such as water temperature in areas far from the pollution source, the sensor spacing is appropriately increased. At the same time, mutual interference between sensors is avoided to ensure that each sensor can collect data independently and accurately.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this technical solution include: The feature determination unit accurately analyzes water flow and pollution source characteristics, and, combined with a diffusion model, determines the impact range of pollution sources, thereby intelligently selecting key monitoring points. By building an efficient sensor monitoring network, real-time monitoring of key water body data is achieved. This not only improves the accuracy of pollution source positioning, but also enhances the real-time and comprehensiveness of monitoring data, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of water pollution control.

[0028] Example 3: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, an index analysis module, including: Index determination unit: determines several pollution indices based on monitoring data; Interval determination unit: determines a number of pollution index intervals based on a preset pollution level classification standard, each pollution index interval corresponds to a pollution level; Level determination unit: determines the pollution level of river and lake water bodies based on all pollution indices; Data analysis unit: Analyze the monitoring data to determine several key influencing parameters, and identify all key influencing parameters as major pollution factors.

[0029] In this embodiment, the determination of several pollution index intervals based on the preset pollution level classification standard is based on the pre-set pollution level standard, and the pollution index value is divided into multiple different intervals, each interval representing a specific pollution level. The pollution level standard is generally set according to the environmental requirements and treatment objectives of the water body, such as from "excellent" to "poor". The determination of each pollution index interval is to help more finely evaluate the water quality so that appropriate treatment measures can be taken. For example, assume that the pollution level standard set in the system is as follows: Excellent: pollution index ≤ 20 Good: 20 < pollution index ≤ 50 Fair: 50 < pollution index ≤ 80 Poor: pollution index > 80 If the monitoring results show that the pollution index of a river is 55, then according to the preset standards, the pollution level of the water body is "medium".

[0030] In this embodiment, key influencing parameters refer to the factors that play a decisive role in the water pollution assessment process. These parameters have a significant impact on the pollution status of water quality. By monitoring and analyzing these parameters, the pollution sources and types of water bodies can be accurately identified. Key influencing parameters usually include some important water quality indicators, such as ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, etc., which are core factors affecting the health of water bodies and ecological balance. For example: In a water pollution analysis, the system monitored an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 4 mg / L, a total phosphorus of 0.6 mg / L, and a chemical oxygen demand of 35 mg / L. In this example, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand are key influencing parameters because they directly affect the pollution level and ecological health of the water body. These parameters will be regarded as major pollution factors to help determine the source of pollution and formulate treatment plans.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: precise analysis of monitoring data through the index analysis module can quickly and accurately assess the water pollution status; through the collaboration of multiple units, first determine multiple pollution indices based on the monitoring data, and then divide these indices into different intervals to facilitate the determination of the pollution level of the water body according to the preset pollution level standards; identify key influencing parameters through data analysis, and use them as the main pollution factors to effectively guide the formulation of treatment plans, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of pollution assessment and enhancing the efficiency and pertinence of water quality treatment.

[0032] Example 4: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, an index determination unit, including: Region determination subunit: determines several monitoring regions based on monitoring points and preset ranges; Data processing subunit: standardizes monitoring data based on preset data processing methods; Index determination subunit: determines the pollution index of each monitoring area based on the standardized monitoring data;

[0033] in, is the pollution index of the i-th monitoring area, is the standardized concentration of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the standardized concentration threshold of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the preset sensitivity coefficient of the jth pollutant in the i-th monitoring area, is the preset environmental correlation coefficient of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the number of types of pollutants in the ith monitoring area, is the preset pollution index reference value for the simultaneous presence of the j-th pollutant and the k-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area, is the preset pollution index reference value for the i-th monitoring area where only the j-th pollutant exists, It is the preset pollution index reference value when only the k-th pollutant exists in the i-th monitoring area.

[0034] In this embodiment, the preset sensitivity coefficient refers to a preset value of the degree of impact of a certain pollutant on the ecological environment of a water body in the calculation of the pollution index. This coefficient reflects the harmfulness of a certain pollutant to water quality and ecosystem under a specific water environment. The sensitivity coefficients of different pollutants may be different, and are usually set according to the toxicity, diffusivity and potential impact of the pollutants on aquatic organisms. For example, in a certain river, ammonia nitrogen is considered to have high toxicity to aquatic organisms, so a higher sensitivity coefficient is set for ammonia nitrogen, such as 1.5. For total phosphorus, a lower sensitivity coefficient is set, such as 1.0, indicating that it has a lighter impact on the ecology. In this way, in the calculation of the pollution index, ammonia nitrogen will have a greater impact on water pollution assessment than total phosphorus.

[0035] In this embodiment, the preset environmental correlation coefficient refers to the coefficient of the degree of influence of a certain pollutant on the pollutant in a specific water environment based on environmental factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, and pH value. This coefficient is used to adjust the toxicity or influence of pollutants under different environmental conditions, because changes in environmental conditions will affect the diffusion, sedimentation, and negative effects of pollutants on the ecology. For example: suppose in a lake, when the water temperature is high, certain pollutants (such as total nitrogen) will decompose faster, resulting in reduced harm to the water body. Therefore, the environmental correlation coefficient set for total nitrogen in the lake may be lower than 1.0, such as 0.8; when the water temperature is lower in winter, the degradation rate of total nitrogen slows down, and the environmental correlation coefficient may need to be adjusted to 1.2 to reflect the different impacts of environmental changes on pollutants.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this technical solution include: precise assessment of pollution conditions through multiple subunits of the index determination unit, offering significant advantages over existing technologies. Based on monitoring point data, preset ranges, and standardized data processing methods, the pollution index for each monitoring area is scientifically determined. By setting preset sensitivity coefficients and environmental correlation coefficients, the accuracy of assessments of pollutant impacts on water bodies is effectively improved. With preset reference values for different pollutant combinations, the system can flexibly respond to complex pollution situations, achieve more accurate pollution assessments, optimize the development of treatment plans, and improve the effectiveness and timeliness of water quality treatment.

[0037] Example 5: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system and a water quality early warning module, including: Level determination unit: determines the warning level of each monitoring area based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and a preset pollution index threshold; Water quality early warning unit: Based on the early warning level of each monitoring area and the preset level-mode database, it obtains the corresponding water quality early warning plan and issues a water quality early warning.

[0038] In this embodiment, the warning level is set at, for example, a light pollution threshold of 50, a moderate pollution threshold of 100, a heavy pollution threshold of 200, and an extreme pollution threshold of 300. Warning determination: The pollution index is compared with a preset threshold. If the pollution index reaches or exceeds a certain threshold, a water quality warning of the corresponding level is triggered.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution: Through the water quality early warning module, the accuracy and timeliness of water quality monitoring and early warning can be effectively improved. Compared with the existing technology, the early warning level is automatically determined based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and the preset threshold, and the corresponding water quality early warning plan is obtained from the preset level-mode database according to the warning level, so as to achieve early identification and accurate early warning of water pollution, take corresponding measures in time to prevent further deterioration of pollution, thereby effectively protecting the water ecological environment and improving the efficiency of water quality management and pollution control.

[0040] Example 6: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, a coefficient evaluation module, including: The first regional determination unit determines the warning level of each monitoring area based on the water quality warning results, and determines the monitoring area that exceeds the preset warning level threshold as the main pollution area; The second area determination unit: determines the main pollution area as the main decomposition area, and determines the adjacent area of the main pollution area as the secondary decomposition area.

[0041] In this embodiment, the main decomposition area refers to the area that is determined to be the most polluted in water pollution control. These areas become key areas for water quality control because of their high pollution index and warning level exceeding the preset threshold. In these areas, the concentration of pollutants is high and the ecological environment is under great threat. Therefore, it is necessary to take priority to take control measures, such as strengthening pollutant degradation and improving water quality. Suppose that in a certain river, after evaluation by the water quality warning module, it is found that the pollution index of a certain area exceeds the preset threshold and the pollution is relatively serious. This area is determined to be a "main decomposition area" and needs to invest more control resources, such as bioremediation, physical and chemical treatment, etc., to reduce pollution and restore ecological functions.

[0042] In this embodiment, secondary decomposition areas are areas adjacent to the primary decomposition area where pollution is relatively light but still has some pollution. Although these areas are less polluted, they may still be affected by the spread of pollutants from the primary decomposition area. Therefore, after the primary decomposition area is treated, certain control measures must be taken to prevent the spread and further deterioration of the pollution. For example, continuing with the example of a river, some adjacent areas around the primary decomposition area have lower pollution indices but still have some pollution. In this case, these adjacent areas are designated as "secondary decomposition areas," and mild pollution control measures such as localized purification and enhanced water flow may be implemented to ensure that the effects of the treatment in the primary decomposition area are not affected by pollution in the secondary decomposition areas.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this technical solution include: The coefficient evaluation module effectively utilizes water quality warning results, enabling precise delineation of primary polluted areas and adjacent zones. Compared to existing technologies, the automated assessment of water quality warning levels ensures that severely polluted areas are promptly identified and designated as primary decomposition zones, prioritizing pollution control. Furthermore, by delineating secondary decomposition zones, treatment resources are rationally planned, preventing the spread of pollution, and improving the relevance and efficiency of pollution control. This contributes to more refined and dynamic water ecological protection and enhances treatment effectiveness.

[0044] Example 7: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, a coefficient evaluation module, and further includes: Parameter acquisition unit: acquiring pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area and environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area; Data processing unit: standardizes the pollution level of water bodies, pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area, and environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area; Coefficient determination unit: Determine the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area based on the pollution level of the water body after standardization treatment, the pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area, and the environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area:

[0045] in, is the pollution index of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the water pollution level corresponding to the nth pollution decomposition area, is the concentration of the hth major pollution factor in the nth pollution decomposition area, The preset initial background concentration of the hth major pollution factor, is the number of types of main pollution factors, is the water velocity coefficient, is the water temperature coefficient, is the ecosystem health coefficient, is the area coefficient, is the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area except the other adjacent main decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the water flow connectivity coefficient of the nth pollution decomposition area.

[0046] In this embodiment, the preset initial background concentration refers to the natural background concentration of a certain pollutant in a specific area in the absence of interference from external pollution sources. This value is usually based on historical data, environmental monitoring and ecological research. It is the "natural" concentration level of the pollutant and is used to compare with actual monitoring data to assess the exceeding of the pollutant standard. For example: Assume that in the main decomposition area of a river, the initial background concentration of a certain pollutant (such as ammonia nitrogen) is 0.5 mg / L, indicating that in the absence of pollution sources in the area, the natural concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 0.5 mg / L. If the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the area is monitored to be 1.5 mg / L, it exceeds the initial background concentration, indicating that the pollution is more serious.

[0047] In this embodiment, the water velocity coefficient refers to the degree to which water flow velocity affects the diffusion, sedimentation, and degradation of pollutants. When the water flow velocity is faster, pollutants diffuse faster; when the flow velocity is slower, pollutants may accumulate in localized areas. This coefficient is often used to adjust pollutant diffusion models in water bodies to more accurately assess pollutant distribution. For example, in a certain river section, a water velocity coefficient of 2.0 indicates faster water flow and faster pollutant diffusion in that area. If, in an adjacent area, the water velocity coefficient is 1.0, pollutants in that area diffuse more slowly, resulting in a different impact on pollution control.

[0048] In this embodiment, the regional area coefficient refers to the effect of the area of the monitoring area on the pollution decomposition rate. Larger areas may require more time and resources to carry out pollution control because the decomposition of pollutants is limited by the size of the area. This coefficient helps to adjust the difficulty of control in different areas. For example: Assume that in a pollution decomposition area, the regional area coefficient is 1.5, indicating that the area is large, so the pollutant decomposition rate is slow, requiring more control measures and resource investment. If the area of another area is smaller, the area coefficient may be 1.0, indicating that pollution control is relatively easy.

[0049] In this embodiment, the water flow connectivity coefficient reflects the degree of connectivity of water flows between different areas in the water body. This coefficient measures the water flow exchange between different areas and affects the diffusion and spread of pollutants in the water body. If the water flow connectivity is strong, pollutants can easily spread between different areas, making governance more difficult; conversely, if the connectivity is weak, pollutants may accumulate in local areas. For example: Suppose that in a water area, there is strong water flow connectivity between a pollution decomposition area and other areas, and the water flow connectivity coefficient is 1.8. This means that pollutants can easily spread from this area to neighboring areas. If the water flow connectivity is poor, the coefficient may be 1.0, the impact of pollutants in this area is more limited, and governance may be more concentrated.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this technical solution include obtaining pollution-related and environmental parameters and standardizing them in combination with water pollution levels to accurately calculate the decomposition coefficient for each pollution decomposition zone. The system considers multiple factors, such as pollutant concentration, flow rate, water temperature, ecosystem health, and regional area, to ensure more targeted remediation measures. By dynamically adjusting the decomposition coefficient for polluted areas, remediation efficiency is effectively improved, resource waste is reduced, and a more refined response to different pollution scenarios is achieved, enhancing the sustainability and effectiveness of water quality restoration.

[0051] Example 8: The embodiment of the present invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, the main pollution factors include: physical pollution factors, chemical pollution factors and biological pollution factors.

[0052] In this embodiment, physical pollution factors include: suspended solids (SS): Particulate matter such as silt, clay, organic matter, and microorganisms in the water can cause turbidity and reduce water transparency. Excessive suspended solids levels can impair photosynthesis in aquatic plants, hinder sunlight from penetrating the water, and consequently impact energy flow and material circulation throughout the aquatic ecosystem. For example, in rivers with severe soil erosion, large amounts of silt enter the water, causing the water to become turbid and impacting the habitat of fish and other aquatic organisms. Thermal pollution: This primarily originates from cooling water discharged during industrial production. When high-temperature wastewater is discharged into rivers and lakes, it raises the water temperature and reduces the dissolved oxygen content. This is because the solubility of oxygen in water decreases with increasing water temperature. Furthermore, high temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, consuming more dissolved oxygen and threatening the survival of aquatic organisms. For example, in rivers and lakes near thermal power plants, the influx of large amounts of hot water can cause localized increases in water temperature, potentially killing certain temperature-sensitive aquatic organisms.

[0053] In this embodiment, chemical pollutants include oxygen-demanding organic matter, such as carbohydrates, proteins, oils, and lignin. These consume significant amounts of dissolved oxygen when decomposed by microorganisms in water. Excessive levels of oxygen-demanding organic matter in water can lead to hypoxia, deteriorating water quality, producing foul odors and impacting the survival of aquatic life. Domestic sewage and industrial wastewater from sources such as food processing and papermaking typically contain significant amounts of oxygen-demanding organic matter. For example, untreated domestic sewage discharged into rivers increases the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), leading to hypoxia and the death of aquatic life such as fish. Plant nutrients primarily include elements such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), with common forms including ammonia nitrogen (NH₃⁻ ... When algae die and decompose, they consume large amounts of dissolved oxygen, causing water hypoxia and potentially producing toxins that harm aquatic life and human health. Agricultural non-point source pollution, domestic sewage, and certain industrial wastewater are major sources of plant nutrients in water bodies. For example, in some lakes, the extensive use of chemical fertilizers in surrounding farmland causes nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to enter the lakes through surface runoff, leading to serious eutrophication. Heavy metals such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As) are highly toxic, difficult to degrade in the environment, and can accumulate in organisms. When heavy metals enter water bodies through industrial wastewater discharge, mining, and landfills, they pose serious risks to aquatic life and human health. For example, mercury can accumulate in aquatic organisms and be transferred through the food chain, ultimately harming the human nervous and immune systems. Cadmium can damage the kidneys and bones. Refractory organic matter includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (such as DDT and BHC), and polyphenylene bis(PCBs). These organic compounds are chemically stable, difficult to decompose by microorganisms, and can persist in the environment for long periods of time. They exhibit biotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity, accumulating in organisms and posing a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Industrial production and waste incineration are major sources of refractory organic matter. For example, PAHs, a class of organic compounds with strong carcinogenicity, are frequently detected in industrially polluted rivers and lakes. Biological pollutants include pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, which primarily originate from domestic sewage, hospital wastewater, and livestock and poultry wastewater. Once these pathogens enter water bodies, they can spread various diseases and pose a threat to human health. For example, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, and hepatitis A virus can spread diseases through contaminated water. In some areas with poor sanitary conditions, untreated domestic sewage is discharged directly into rivers and lakes, causing the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms in the water bodies and increasing the risk of disease transmission.Alien pests: When introduced into rivers and lakes, some alien species can disrupt the ecological balance and harm native organisms. For example, water hyacinth, an alien aquatic plant, has a strong reproductive capacity. In suitable environments, it grows and spreads rapidly, covering the water surface and blocking sunlight and oxygen from entering the water. This affects photosynthesis in aquatic plants and the survival of aquatic animals, and can also affect flood flow and navigation in rivers.

[0054] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution: By comprehensively considering physical, chemical, and biological pollution factors, water pollution can be assessed and treated more accurately. Compared with existing technologies, the system does not rely solely on the assessment of a single pollution factor, but comprehensively considers multiple pollution types to ensure comprehensive coverage and in-depth analysis of water pollution. Physical pollution factors such as suspended matter and sediments, chemical pollution factors such as heavy metals and harmful chemicals, and biological pollution factors such as harmful microorganisms in water can all be reasonably assessed and treated, thereby providing a scientific basis for water quality restoration, improving the effectiveness of water ecological management, and reducing the blindness and waste of resources in pollution control.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river and lake water ecological management system, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module: real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors; Index analysis module: Determine the pollution index based on monitoring data, and then determine the pollution level and main pollution factors of the water body; Water quality early warning module: Water quality early warning based on pollution index and preset pollution index threshold; Coefficient evaluation module: Determines several pollution decomposition areas based on water quality early warning results, and then obtains the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area and evaluates it based on the pollution level of the water body; Solution determination module: Determine the pollution decomposition solution based on the assessment results and main pollution factors.

2. A river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Data acquisition module, including: Characteristic determination unit: obtains and analyzes the geographic information of rivers and lakes to determine the flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics of rivers and lakes; Range determination unit: Determines the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a preset diffusion model; Characteristic analysis unit: Determine several key monitoring points based on water flow characteristics and the impact of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies; Network construction unit: determines a number of corresponding preset sensors based on the key data of the preset type, and deploys the corresponding preset sensors at each key monitoring point to build a sensor monitoring network; Data monitoring unit: Real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on the sensor monitoring network.

3. A river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Index analysis module, including: Index determination unit: determines several pollution indices based on monitoring data; Interval determination unit: determines a number of pollution index intervals based on a preset pollution level classification standard, each pollution index interval corresponds to a pollution level; Level determination unit: determines the pollution level of river and lake water bodies based on all pollution indices; Data analysis unit: Analyze the monitoring data to determine several key influencing parameters, and identify all key influencing parameters as major pollution factors.

4. A river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Index determination unit, including: Region determination subunit: determines several monitoring regions based on monitoring points and preset ranges; Data processing subunit: standardizes monitoring data based on preset data processing methods; Index determination subunit: determines the pollution index of each monitoring area based on the standardized monitoring data; in, is the pollution index of the i-th monitoring area, is the standardized concentration of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the standardized concentration threshold of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the preset sensitivity coefficient of the jth pollutant in the i-th monitoring area, is the preset environmental correlation coefficient of the jth pollutant in the ith monitoring area, is the number of types of pollutants in the ith monitoring area, is the preset pollution index reference value for the simultaneous presence of the j-th pollutant and the k-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area, is the preset pollution index reference value for the i-th monitoring area where only the j-th pollutant exists, It is the preset pollution index reference value when only the k-th pollutant exists in the i-th monitoring area.

5. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Water quality early warning module, including: Level determination unit: determines the warning level of each monitoring area based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and a preset pollution index threshold; Water quality early warning unit: Based on the early warning level of each monitoring area and the preset level-mode database, it obtains the corresponding water quality early warning plan and issues a water quality early warning.

6. A river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Coefficient evaluation module, including: The first regional determination unit determines the warning level of each monitoring area based on the water quality warning results, and determines the monitoring area that exceeds the preset warning level threshold as the main pollution area; The second area determination unit: determines the main pollution area as the main decomposition area, and determines the adjacent area of the main pollution area as the secondary decomposition area.

7. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coefficient evaluation module also includes: Parameter acquisition unit: acquiring pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area and environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area; Data processing unit: standardizes the pollution level of water bodies, pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area, and environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area; Coefficient determination unit: Determine the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition area based on the pollution level of the water body after standardization treatment, the pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area, and the environment-related parameters of each pollution decomposition area: in, is the pollution index of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the water pollution level corresponding to the nth pollution decomposition area, is the concentration of the hth major pollution factor in the nth pollution decomposition area, The preset initial background concentration of the hth major pollution factor, is the number of types of main pollution factors, is the water velocity coefficient, is the water temperature coefficient, is the ecosystem health coefficient, is the area coefficient, is the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area except the other adjacent main decomposition areas of the nth pollution decomposition area, is the water flow connectivity coefficient of the nth pollution decomposition area.

8. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main pollution factors include: physical pollution factors, chemical pollution factors and biological pollution factors.

Images