Graphene mode-locked switching device and method for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser

Abstract

The invention provides a graphene mode-locked switching device and method for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser. The graphene mode-locked switching device comprises an auxiliary system, a diaphragm, a graphene component and integrated equipment, the laser protection effect of the graphene material is optimized by precisely integrating the combination of the graphene film and the diaphragm and introducing an auxiliary adjusting system. The oxidation reaction is effectively slowed down by means of temperature regulation, gas control, surface protection and the like; meanwhile, by means of a light beam adjustment and oxidation inhibition method of the integrated device, it is ensured that laser beams are evenly distributed on the surface of the graphene, the local overheating phenomenon is reduced, and the durability and stability of the graphene under laser irradiation are further improved. The innovation of the invention lies in that through the synergistic effect of integrated design and multiple protection measures, the application performance of graphene in a high-power laser system is effectively improved, the oxidation resistance and durability of graphene are significantly enhanced, and the strict requirements of an efficient and stable laser system on material performance are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser technology, and in particular to a graphene mode-locking switch device and method for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of laser technology in fields such as optical communications, scientific experiments, medical imaging, and industrial processing, especially in high-power laser systems, the quality, stability, and durability of laser beams have become key issues in research and application. In particular, in the application of graphene as a laser window material, high-power laser irradiation can easily lead to oxidation reactions on the graphene surface, seriously affecting its optical performance and thermal management characteristics. Graphene oxidation not only reduces its thermal conductivity and causes heat accumulation, but can also cause laser device failure, thereby affecting the stability and long-term operation of the entire system.

[0003] While numerous existing research and methods have been developed to mitigate material oxidation, such as through metal coatings, protective films, or surface modifications, these methods often fail to effectively address the high temperatures and long-term effects of high-power lasers generated in laser systems. Furthermore, their effectiveness is limited by the high power and long-term effects of laser irradiation. In particular, traditional oxidation suppression methods have limitations in graphene applications due to its unique surface structure and high thermal conductivity, failing to meet the antioxidant performance requirements of high-power laser systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a graphene mode-locking switch device and method for mid-infrared multi-dimensional lasers, so as to improve the application performance of graphene in high-power laser systems and enhance its antioxidant capacity and durability.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser, comprising:

[0007] The auxiliary system includes a gas replenishing device, a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a constant temperature sealed operating box, a terminal controller, and a power meter; the gas sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor are installed in the constant temperature sealed operating box; the gas replenishing device is connected to the constant temperature sealed operating box;

[0008] Window, used to transmit the laser light emitted by the pump source laser and isolate it from the external environment;

[0009] The graphene assembly includes a graphene film and a substrate; the graphene film is fixed on one side of the substrate, and the substrate is provided with a light hole adapted to the graphene film; the window is fixed on the substrate, and the graphene film is located between the window and the substrate;

[0010] The integrated device includes an optical adjustment frame and two silicone gaskets; the optical adjustment frame is installed in a constant temperature and sealed operating box; the pump source laser, gas sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, power meter, optical adjustment frame and terminal control machine are electrically connected; the window piece and graphene component are installed on the optical adjustment frame, the window piece is located on the side close to the optical adjustment frame, and the graphene component is located on the side away from the optical adjustment frame; one of the silicone gaskets is set to fit the window piece, and the other silicone gasket is set to fit the substrate.

[0011] Preferably, the substrate is made of calcium fluoride, with a diameter of 25.4 mm and a thickness of 5.0 mm. The aperture of the light hole is greater than 22.9 mm, the average transmittance of 2 μm outside the light hole is greater than 98.5%, and the damage threshold is 2.00 J / cm 2 ; The material of the window piece is fused quartz, sapphire, calcium fluoride or diamond.

[0012] Preferably, the window piece is a single-layer or multi-layer structure for absorbing laser energy; the substrate is a metal material or a calcium fluoride and heat dissipation layer bonding structure; the heat dissipation layer is a diamond film or a copper-tungsten alloy with a thickness of 0.1-1.0 mm; the light-transmitting surface is etched with a periodic microstructure, including an anti-reflective cone array or a grating structure with a depth of 0.1-1 μm; a buffer layer is provided between the substrate and the graphene component, and the material is silicon dioxide or silicon nitride with a thickness of 10-100 nm.

[0013] Preferably, the gap between the window piece and the substrate is sealed by filling optical glue, low-viscosity silicone rubber or water-soluble optical glue.

[0014] Preferably, the gas replenishing device is used to fill the interior of the constant temperature and sealed operating box with inert gas to isolate oxygen and water vapor from the outside of the constant temperature and sealed operating box; the inert gas is nitrogen; the nitrogen purity is 5N level, and the impurities are ≤0.1ppm; the gas replenishing device is equipped with a mass flow controller for adjusting the replenishment rate of the inert gas; the gas replenishing device is equipped with a gas pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure in the packaging container configured therein, and the gas pressure sensor is electrically connected to the terminal control machine.

[0015] Preferably, the constant temperature sealed operation box is equipped with a heating module and a cooling module to adjust the temperature inside the constant temperature sealed operation box within the range of 20-25°C; a silica gel desiccant is configured inside the constant temperature sealed operation box, and the humidity inside the constant temperature sealed operation box is less than 20%; and the constant temperature sealed operation box is equipped with sealed rubber gloves.

[0016] A method for using a graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: coating the surface of the graphene film with an antioxidant coating or forming a protective film using a surface treatment technique;

[0018] Step 2: Cover the light-through hole of the substrate with a graphene film and fill it with optical glue, low-viscosity silicone rubber or water-soluble optical glue for sealing;

[0019] Step 3: Glue the window piece to the substrate, and sandwich the graphene film between the substrate and the window piece to obtain a glued component;

[0020] Step 4: sequentially install the first silicone gasket, the glued component obtained in step 3, and the second silicone gasket into the optical adjustment frame, tighten and secure them using the threaded screws on the optical adjustment frame, install the optical adjustment frame in a constant temperature and sealed operating box through the three-dimensional adjustment frame, and electrically connect it to the terminal control machine;

[0021] Step 5: Open the control interface of the terminal control machine and introduce nitrogen into the constant temperature closed operation box;

[0022] Step 6: Adjust the output power of the pump source laser so that the emitted laser acts on the graphene film, and turn on the power meter to monitor the laser in real time;

[0023] Step 7: Record the detection data of the gas sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor at different output powers of the pump source laser; adjust the contact area between the laser and the graphene film through the optical adjustment frame to obtain multiple sets of experimental data.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. Efficiently solve the oxidation problem: Graphene's chemical stability is utilized to create a protective barrier for the laser optical path, resisting oxygen erosion, reducing the risk of laser component oxidation, extending equipment operation time, ensuring the stability and reliability of the laser system, and solving the long-standing oxidation problem in the laser field.

[0026] 2. Scalability and ease of mass production: A modular design ensures high versatility and interchangeability of components. To meet the needs of different laser equipment, only minor adjustments to certain modules are required to quickly adapt to new scenarios, eliminating the need to redesign the entire solution. This not only allows for technical upgrades but also facilitates large-scale industrial production, improving efficiency, reducing costs, and ensuring consistent product quality, meeting market demand for high-performance solutions.

[0027] 3. Significant cost control advantages: Construction takes into account both raw material selection and process optimization. With advancements in graphene production technology and declining costs, this invention leverages the advantages of selecting cost-effective materials and strictly controlling raw material costs. The manufacturing process utilizes proven, easily implemented methods, streamlining the assembly process and reducing labor and time costs. Furthermore, this device extends equipment life and reduces maintenance and replacement frequency. This provides significant cost savings to users throughout the entire equipment lifecycle, offering significant cost advantages over traditional solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a graphene window integrated device for laser anti-oxidation;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the output power change of graphene film with and without oxygen-free protection at the same power, where (a) is without oxygen-free protection and (b) is with oxygen-free protection;

[0030] Figure 3 The graphene film is protected by oxygen-free environment, and the oscilloscope obtains the signal (burr);

[0031] Figure 4 The graphene film is protected by oxygen-free oxygen and the oscilloscope obtains the signal (smooth).

[0032] in:

[0033] 1. Pump source laser; 2. Window; 3. Graphene film; 4. Substrate; 5. Constant temperature and sealed operating box; 6. Optical adjustment frame; 7. Gas replenishment device; 8. Monitoring module; 9. Terminal control unit; 10. Power meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser includes:

[0036] The auxiliary system includes: a gas replenishing device 7, a monitoring module 8, a constant temperature and sealed operating box 5, a terminal control machine 9, and a power meter 10; the monitoring module 8 is installed in the constant temperature and sealed operating box 5; the gas replenishing device 7 is connected to the constant temperature and sealed operating box 5; the gas replenishing device 7 is an existing product; the monitoring module 8 includes a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor;

[0037] The window 2 is made of a high-threshold, transparent material and is used to transmit the laser light emitted by the pump source laser 1 and isolate it from the external environment.

[0038] The graphene assembly includes: a graphene film 3 and a substrate 4; the graphene film 3 is fixed to one side of the substrate 4, and the substrate 4 is provided with a light hole adapted to the graphene film 3; the window 2 is fixed to the substrate 4, and the graphene film 3 is located between the window 2 and the substrate 4;

[0039] The integrated device includes an optical adjustment frame 6 and two silicone gaskets. The optical adjustment frame 6 is installed in a constant-temperature, sealed operating box 5. The pump source laser 1, gas sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, power meter 10, optical adjustment frame 6, and terminal control unit 9 are electrically connected. A window 2 and a graphene assembly are mounted on the optical adjustment frame 6, with the window 2 positioned on the side closest to the optical adjustment frame 6 and the graphene assembly positioned on the side away from the optical adjustment frame 6. One silicone gasket is positioned against the window 2, and the other is positioned against the substrate 4. This allows for adjustment of the beam's active area, thereby minimizing laser-induced oxidation reactions. The optical adjustment frame 6 is an existing product and is equipped with a 360-degree rotatable angle adjustment knob with a scale, facilitating precise positioning and adjustment of the laser's irradiation position on the graphene film 3. The optical adjustment frame 6 uses a stepper motor to control the two angle adjustment knobs, achieving an angle resolution of 1.8°. Among them, the angle adjustment knob adopts a dual-axis design. The horizontal rotation axis can adjust the angle of 30° in the plane, and the vertical pitch axis can adjust the tilt angle of ±30°. This enables the device to fine-tune the graphene film 3 according to different laser irradiation angles, thereby ensuring that the maximum energy of the light beam is transmitted through the window piece 2. In addition, the integrated device is placed on a manual three-axis translation stage with an accuracy of 20μm, which enables the five-dimensional spatial position control of the graphene film 3-window piece 2. The silicone gasket can effectively prevent oxygen, water vapor and dust from entering the interior of the device, and also has a certain buffering and protective effect. The terminal control machine 9 is connected to the gas sensor and the execution device via the communication port (RS-232) to achieve high-speed data transmission and command issuance.

[0040] In this embodiment, the material of the substrate 4 is calcium fluoride, with a diameter of 25.4 mm and a thickness of 5.0 mm. The aperture of the light hole is greater than 22.9 mm, the average transmittance of the light hole outside the 2 μm is greater than 98.5%, and the damage threshold is 2.00 J / cm 2 ; The material of the window 2 is fused quartz, sapphire, calcium fluoride or diamond.

[0041] In this embodiment, the window 2 is a single-layer or multi-layer structure used to absorb laser energy. The substrate 4 is made of metal or a structure bonded to a heat sink layer. The metal substrate 4 has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, providing a suitable atomic environment for graphene growth at high temperatures. The heat sink layer is a diamond film or copper-tungsten alloy with a thickness of 0.1-1.0 mm. The light-transmitting surface is etched with a periodic microstructure, including an anti-reflective pyramidal array or a grating structure, with a depth of 0.1-1 μm. A buffer layer of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride with a thickness of 10-100 nm is provided between the substrate 4 and the graphene assembly.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gap between the window piece 2 and the substrate 4 is filled with optical glue, low-viscosity silicone rubber or water-soluble optical glue for sealing. The optical glue used should have high transparency, low haze and good optical uniformity to ensure that it will not significantly affect the optical path transmission and imaging quality of the optical device. Moreover, the optical glue should also have good peelability. When the optical device needs to be disassembled or replaced, it can be completely peeled off from the optical surface by appropriate external force or specific methods, such as heating, using a degumming agent, etc., without causing damage to the surface of the optical device or residual glue. In addition, the overall thickness of the integrated device is greater than the overall thickness (including: 2 silicone gaskets, window piece 2, substrate 4), and a threaded structure is reserved inside so that the components can be tightly connected by the tightening force generated by rotating the threaded vane, further ensuring the sealing and stability of the integrated device.

[0043] In this embodiment, the gas replenishing device 7 is used to fill the interior of the constant temperature sealed operating box 5 with inert gas, isolating oxygen and water vapor from the outside of the constant temperature sealed operating box 5; the inert gas is nitrogen; the nitrogen purity is 5N level, and the impurities are ≤0.1ppm; the gas replenishing device 7 is equipped with a mass flow controller for adjusting the replenishment rate of the inert gas, with an accuracy of up to ±0.1sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute), ensuring that even when there is a very small amount of gas leakage in the packaging environment, the inert gas can be replenished in a timely and stable manner to maintain a stable internal protective atmosphere. The gas replenishing device 7 is equipped with a gas pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure in the packaging container configured therein. The gas pressure sensor is electrically connected to the terminal control machine 9. Once the pressure falls below the preset threshold, the gas replenishment process is automatically started immediately, and the pressure data is fed back to the terminal control machine 9 so that the situation can be monitored in real time. In addition, the gas replenishing device 7 has good compatibility and can be adapted to a variety of commonly used inert gas sources, such as argon cylinders, nitrogen cylinders, helium cylinders, etc. Through the quick connection interface, the gas source can be replaced conveniently and quickly to meet the needs of inert gas packaging of graphene in different scenarios.

[0044] In this embodiment, the constant-temperature, sealed operating box 5 is equipped with a heating module and a cooling module to regulate the temperature within the box within the range of 20-25°C, reducing the impact of thermal stress on the graphene structure. A silica gel desiccant is also installed inside the box, and rubber gaskets, sealants, and other auxiliary sealing and dry environments are used. The humidity within the box is maintained below 20%, further reducing the oxidation kinetics. Furthermore, thermoelectric elements or cooling systems can be used to precisely control the internal temperature of the device, thereby inhibiting damage to the graphene film 3 caused by the oxidation reaction. A sealed rubber glove is also installed on the constant-temperature, sealed operating box 5. The connection between the glove and the operating port is tightly secured using a special sealing method, such as an O-ring or sealing flange. This ensures that the glove forms a single unit with the box after installation, eliminating air leakage paths and facilitating manual operation.

[0045] A method for using a graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: coating the surface of the graphene film 3 with an antioxidant coating or forming a protective film using a surface treatment technique;

[0047] Step 2: Cover the light-through hole of the substrate 4 with the graphene film 3 and fill it with optical glue, low-viscosity silicone rubber or water-soluble optical glue for sealing;

[0048] Step 3: Glue the window piece 2 to the substrate 4, and sandwich the graphene film 3 between the substrate 4 and the window piece 2 to obtain a glued component;

[0049] Step 4: sequentially install the first silicone gasket, the glued component obtained in step 3, and the second silicone gasket into the optical adjustment frame 6, tighten and secure them using the threaded screws on the optical adjustment frame 6, and install the optical adjustment frame 6 in a constant temperature and sealed operating box 5 through the three-dimensional adjustment frame, and electrically connect it to the terminal control machine 9; the terminal control machine 9 includes a computer and an oscilloscope;

[0050] Step 5: Open the control interface of the terminal control machine 9 and introduce nitrogen into the constant temperature closed operation box 5;

[0051] Step 6: Adjust the output power of the pump source laser 1 so that the emitted laser acts on the graphene film 3, and turn on the power meter 10 to monitor the laser in real time;

[0052] Step 7: Record the detection data of the gas sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor at different output powers of the pump source laser 1; adjust the contact area between the laser and the graphene film 3 through the optical adjustment frame 6 to obtain multiple sets of experimental data.

[0053] The specific structure and operation process are as follows: a gold mirror is used as the substrate, and a single layer of graphene prepared by CVD is attached to its surface, and the graphene surface is coated with a protective layer. The substrate material of the window is calcium fluoride, with a diameter of 1 inch (ie 25.4mm), a thickness of 5.0mm, and an aperture greater than 22.9mm. The performance indicators of the window anti-reflection film are: average reflectivity less than 1.0%, absolute reflectivity less than 2.0% (0° incident angle); average transmittance greater than 97%, absolute transmittance greater than 92% (0° incident angle). Its damage threshold is 2.00J / cm 2 (Measurement conditions: 2050 nm, 62.5 Hz, 10 ns, spot diameter 350 μm).

[0054] During assembly, peelable optical adhesive is used to fill the gap between the graphene film and the window, ensuring a tight fit and facilitating subsequent disassembly. Subsequently, the white silicone gasket, the bonded window-graphene assembly, and the white silicone gasket are placed in the optical adjustment mount and secured using threaded screws, completing the assembly of the integrated device.

[0055] After the construction is completed, the integrated device is placed in a constant temperature closed container. The constant temperature closed container is equipped with a precise temperature control system to ensure a constant temperature in the experimental environment and reduce the interference of temperature factors on the experimental results. Then, nitrogen is filled into the constant temperature closed container through a pipe to replace the internal air and create a low-oxygen environment. At the same time, the entire experimental process is controlled by a computer, and the computer can monitor the experimental data in real time, including power changes in the laser resonant cavity, oscilloscope signal fluctuations, and parameters such as temperature and nitrogen concentration in the constant temperature closed container. And according to the experimental needs, the experimental conditions can be adjusted remotely on the computer, such as changing the laser power and adjusting the temperature in the constant temperature closed container.

[0056] After completing the above preparations, the integrated device was placed in a 2μm laser cavity for testing. During the test, a power meter was used to measure the power change of the pump source laser, and an oscilloscope was used to test the quality of the signal in the cavity to characterize the oxygen-free effect of graphene. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, under the same power conditions, when the graphene film is not protected from oxygen, the intracavity power begins to drop sharply when the pump source laser power reaches 9.5W. This is mainly because at high power, the graphene film is damaged by strong oxidation. However, when the graphene film is protected from oxygen, the output power shows a linear upward trend, and no obvious signs of high-power damage are found. In addition, from the oscilloscope signal, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the graphene film has no oxygen-free protection, the oscilloscope waveform shows a noise signal similar to a burr; in contrast, when the graphene film has oxygen-free protection, the oscilloscope signal is flatter and smoother, as shown in the figure. Figure 3This series of experimental results fully demonstrates that the design of the present invention has a significant effect in laser anti-oxidation.

[0057] The main principles can be summarized as follows:

[0058] The optical protection principle of the window: the window selectively transmits laser wavelengths (such as infrared or visible light bands), blocks high-energy photons or thermal radiation from directly acting on the graphene surface, and reduces the probability of photothermal oxidation.

[0059] (1) Laser energy attenuation formula:

[0060] I trans =I0e -αd #(1)

[0061] Where: I trans is the energy after transmission, I0 is the incident laser intensity, α is the absorption coefficient of the window material at the target wavelength, and d is the window thickness.

[0062] (2) Interface reflection suppression formula:

[0063]

[0064] R is the reflectivity, n is the refractive index, and the refractive index matching between the window and graphene reduces interface reflection. By optimizing the refractive index of the material (such as SiC window with SiO2 coating), the reflectivity R can be reduced.

[0065] 3. Oxidation reaction rate formula (Arrhenius equation):

[0066]

[0067] Where: r is the reaction rate, A is the pre-exponential factor, [O2] is the oxygen concentration, n is the reaction order, Ea is the oxidation activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. In the laser anti-oxidation device, reducing the oxygen concentration can significantly reduce the oxidation reaction rate r, thereby preventing graphene from failing due to oxidation, maintaining the intrinsic melting point of graphene, and keeping it structurally stable under laser irradiation.

[0068] By precisely integrating the graphene film with the window piece and introducing an auxiliary adjustment system, the laser protection effect of the graphene material is optimized. Temperature regulation, gas control, and surface protection are used to effectively slow the oxidation reaction. At the same time, the integrated device's beam adjustment and oxidation suppression methods ensure that the laser beam is evenly distributed on the graphene surface, reducing local overheating and further improving the durability and stability of graphene under laser irradiation. The innovation of this invention lies in the synergistic effect of integrated design and multiple protection measures, which effectively improves the application performance of graphene in high-power laser systems, significantly enhances its antioxidant capacity and durability, and meets the strict material performance requirements of efficient and stable laser systems.

[0069] In summary, the present invention effectively improves the application performance of graphene in laser systems through innovative integrated design, advanced oxidation inhibition technology and precise regulation mechanism, providing more efficient and reliable solutions for laser optical equipment, laser processing, optical communications and other fields.

Claims

1. A graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser, characterized in that: include: The auxiliary system includes a gas replenishing device (7), a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a constant temperature sealed operating box (5), a terminal control machine (9), and a power meter (10); the gas sensor, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor are installed in the constant temperature sealed operating box (5); the gas replenishing device (7) is connected to the constant temperature sealed operating box (5); A window (2) is used for transmitting the laser light emitted by the pump source laser (1) and isolating the laser light from the external environment; A graphene assembly comprises a graphene film (3) and a substrate (4); the graphene film (3) is fixed on one side of the substrate (4), and a light-through hole adapted to the graphene film (3) is provided on the substrate (4); a window plate (2) is fixed on the substrate (4), and the graphene film (3) is located between the window plate (2) and the substrate (4); The integrated device comprises an optical adjustment frame (6) and two silicone gaskets; the optical adjustment frame (6) is installed in a constant temperature sealed operating box (5); a pump source laser (1), a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a power meter (10), the optical adjustment frame (6) and a terminal control machine (9) are electrically connected; a window piece (2) and a graphene component are installed on the optical adjustment frame (6), the window piece (2) is located on a side close to the optical adjustment frame (6), and the graphene component is located on a side away from the optical adjustment frame (6); one of the silicone gaskets is arranged in contact with the window piece (2), and the other silicone gasket is arranged in contact with a substrate (4).

2. A graphene mode-locked switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate (4) is made of calcium fluoride, has a diameter of 25.4 mm, a thickness of 5.0 mm, a light hole diameter greater than 22.9 mm, an average transmittance of 2 μm outside the light hole greater than 98.5%, and a damage threshold of 2.00 J / cm 2 The material of the window piece (2) is fused quartz, sapphire, calcium fluoride or diamond.

3. A graphene mode-locked switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window piece (2) is a single-layer or multi-layer structure for absorbing laser energy; the substrate (4) is a metal material or a structure bonded with calcium fluoride and a heat dissipation layer; the heat dissipation layer is a diamond film or a copper-tungsten alloy with a thickness of 0.1-1.0 mm; the light-transmitting surface is etched with a periodic microstructure, including an anti-reflective cone array or a grating structure with a depth of 0.1-1 μm; a buffer layer is provided between the substrate (4) and the graphene component, the material of which is silicon dioxide or silicon nitride with a thickness of 10-100 nm.

4. The graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the window piece (2) and the base (4) is sealed by filling optical glue, low-viscosity silicone rubber or water-soluble optical glue.

5. The graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas replenishing device (7) is used to fill the interior of the constant temperature sealed operating box (5) with inert gas to isolate oxygen and water vapor from the outside of the constant temperature sealed operating box (5); the inert gas is nitrogen; the nitrogen purity is 5N level, and the impurities are ≤0.1ppm; the gas replenishing device (7) is equipped with a mass flow controller for adjusting the replenishment rate of the inert gas; the gas replenishing device (7) is equipped with a gas pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure in the packaging container configured therein, and the gas pressure sensor is electrically connected to the terminal control machine (9).

6. A graphene mode-locked switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature sealed operation box (5) is equipped with a heating module and a cooling module to adjust the temperature inside the constant temperature sealed operation box (5) within the range of 20-25°C; a silica gel desiccant is arranged inside the constant temperature sealed operation box (5), and the humidity inside the constant temperature sealed operation box (5) is less than 20%; and a sealing rubber glove is arranged on the constant temperature sealed operation box (5).

7. A method for using a graphene mode-locking switch device for mid-infrared multi-dimensional laser, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: coating the surface of the graphene film (3) with an antioxidant coating or forming a protective film using a surface treatment technique; Step 2: Covering the light-through hole of the substrate (4) with the graphene film (3) and filling it with optical glue, low-viscosity silicone rubber or water-soluble optical glue for sealing; Step 3: Glue the window piece (2) and the substrate (4), and sandwich the graphene film (3) between the substrate (4) and the window piece (2) to obtain a glued component; Step 4: sequentially install the first silicone gasket, the glued component obtained in step 3, and the second silicone gasket into the optical adjustment frame (6), and tighten and fix them by means of the threaded screws on the optical adjustment frame (6). The optical adjustment frame (6) is installed in a constant temperature and sealed operating box (5) through the three-dimensional adjustment frame, and electrically connected to the terminal control machine (9); Step 5: Open the control interface of the terminal control machine (9) and introduce nitrogen into the constant temperature closed operation box (5); Step 6: Adjust the output power of the pump source laser (1) so that the emitted laser acts on the graphene film (3), and turn on the power meter (10) to monitor the laser in real time; Step seven: record the detection data of the gas sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor at different output powers of the pump source laser (1); adjust the contact area between the laser and the graphene film (3) through the optical adjustment frame (6) to obtain multiple sets of experimental data.

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