Regulation and regulation method and system for accessing small hydropower station to power grid through aggregator

Abstract

The invention relates to a regulation and control method and system for accessing a small hydropower station to a power grid through an aggregator, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting an aggregator side small hydropower station model and real-time output data, and building a mapping relation between the small hydropower station and a power grid equipment model based on a power generation household number; calculating the up-and-down adjustment capability of a single station and introducing a frequency deviation dynamic correction weight; an improved breadth-first search algorithm is adopted to aggregate the main transformer / line layer adjustment capability, and the aggregation efficiency is improved through loop blocking and transmission capacity dynamic optimization; and an adjustment strategy is generated based on multi-dimensional parameters such as the water level change rate and the response speed, and closed-loop execution is performed. According to the invention, a small hydropower resource aggregation mechanism is provided, the problem of reverse overload of a power grid caused by access of distributed small hydropower stations is effectively solved through dynamic weight adjustment and a topological optimization algorithm, and the adjustment precision and the system safety and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power system regulation and control, and more specifically, to a method and system for regulating and controlling the access of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator. Background Art

[0002] Small hydropower resources are primarily distributed in mountainous areas far from the main grid. They are both a vital component of rural energy and a powerful supplement to the main grid. However, due to their early construction and remote locations, network security and communication conditions do not meet the requirements for direct access to the grid's control system for real-time control. Furthermore, due to the low overall power generation of small hydropower, the overall benefits to power users are limited. Full compliance with the control system access standards requires high overall investment and low user willingness to invest. However, with the large-scale access of regional distributed power sources, especially during the summer when rainy days and solar power generation are simultaneously high, localized main transformer reverse loads are severely affected, seriously impacting the safe and stable operation of the grid. There is an urgent need to integrate small hydropower into the grid's regulation system and reduce the reverse load rate of main transformers by controlling small hydropower output during peak power generation periods.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as the Chinese patent application with publication number "CN111754090A", disclose a method for demand-side regulation of power users based on big data, including: step S1, obtaining user electricity consumption data from user electricity consumption information, preprocessing, and verifying whether there are any missing data; step S2, determining the load situation of each user based on the collected energy consumption data at all levels combined with daily electricity price information and the operating data of different power-consuming equipment; step S3, determining the values of various indicators and weights based on the indicator calculation model for evaluating the effect of user demand-side regulation; step S4, obtaining an optimization model with constraints based on the user's set preference data and ambient temperature change data, and solving the control decision of power users participating in grid coordination; step S5, forming the user's own interactive benefit evaluation index, and conducting demand-side regulation compensation settlement. This invention takes power users and equipment as the objects, participates in demand-side management and regulation, and fine-grained management of loads, thereby improving overall operating efficiency.

[0004] The problems with the above-mentioned existing technologies are that the ability to integrate resources on the power generation side cannot solve the problem of reverse heavy overload; the mapping relationship between the equipment model and the grid topology has not been established, and the aggregation of cross-level regulation capabilities cannot be achieved; there is a lack of a loop blocking mechanism, there is a risk of repeated calculations, and the algorithm efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a control and regulation method and system for connecting small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator.

[0006] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] The present invention proposes a method for regulating and controlling the access of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Collect the small hydropower model and real-time output data from the aggregator side, and establish a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model based on the generator number of the small hydropower model;

[0009] Step S2: constructing a grid topology model based on the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model, and calculating the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower station in combination with the real-time output data of the small hydropower stations;

[0010] Step S3: Based on the real-time topological connection relationship of the power grid, starting from the main transformer or line, an improved breadth-first search algorithm is used to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area, and the regulation capacity of each small hydropower plant is aggregated step by step up to the main transformer or line level to generate aggregated regulation capacity data of small hydropower resources of the main transformer / line;

[0011] Step S4: When a major overload is detected on the main transformer or line, a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for the main transformer / line is generated based on the aggregated small hydropower resource regulation capability data and the real-time operation status of the power grid. The strategy is split according to the aggregator. The regulation strategy of a single aggregator includes the scope of participating small hydropower stations and the total target regulation amount.

[0012] In step S5, the small hydropower regulation strategy of a single aggregator is sent to the corresponding aggregator for execution. The aggregator decomposes the regulation strategy to the executing small hydropower stations to complete the small hydropower active power regulation; based on the regulation effect, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated to form a closed-loop control.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the small hydropower model includes: static equipment parameters and dynamic operation parameters; the static equipment parameters include: basic attributes, electrical characteristics and topological relationships; among which, the basic attributes include: power generation household number, geographical location, installed capacity and unit type; the electrical characteristics include: rated voltage, frequency and grid interface parameters; the topological relationship includes: the distribution transformer / line number connected to the grid point, and the associated information with the "line-transformer-household" relationship of the power grid; the dynamic operation parameters include: real-time data and environmental parameters; among which, the real-time data include: current output, real-time water level and water level change rate and unit efficiency curve; the environmental parameters include: basin rainfall and seasonal characteristics.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model is established based on the power generation household number of the small hydropower model, specifically by establishing a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid marketing household number. The functional expression of the mapping relationship is specifically:

[0015]

[0016] Where: Map() is a bidirectional hash mapping function; S i is the i-th small hydropower model; PlantID i GridID is the generator ID of the i-th small hydropower model; j is the unique identifier of the j-th grid marketing user; H() is the hash function; It is an exclusive OR operation.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the specific calculation function of the upward regulation capability and downward regulation capability of the single small hydropower station is:

[0018]

[0019] Where: are the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower model; f(h) is the water level-output conversion function; g(Δh) is the water level change influencing factor; α and β are the weights of the upward and downward regulation capabilities, respectively; P real is the real-time output data of a single small hydropower model; P max 、P real are the maximum and minimum installed capacity of a single small hydropower model respectively.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the weights of the upper and lower regulation capabilities are dynamically modified according to the grid frequency deviation and seasonal characteristics, specifically:

[0021]

[0022] Where: α0 and β0 are the initial weights of the upper and lower adjustment capabilities respectively; γ is the frequency sensitivity coefficient; S rarny is the rainy season correction factor; S dry is the dry season correction factor.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, when the improved breadth-first search algorithm is used to traverse the small hydropower stations in the power supply area, the following optimization is performed:

[0024] Loop blocking: Add a level mark L to each small hydropower node m , when the marked node is found and L n <L m Terminate the branch when necessary to prevent loops from being repeatedly aggregated;

[0025] Dynamic weight adjustment: line transmission capacity surplus rate R c As edge weight, prioritize traversing R c <80% of the path.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the generation of a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for a main transformer / line includes the following steps:

[0027] The priority weight is calculated based on the regulation response speed, water level change rate and electrical distance from the overload node of the small hydropower model. Specifically, it is:

[0028]

[0029] Where: W k is the priority weight of the kth small hydropower model; τ k is the response delay time of the kth small hydropower model; Δh k is the water level change rate of the kth small hydropower model; d k is the electrical distance between the kth small hydropower model and the overload point; λ1, λ2 and λ3 are normalized weight coefficients;

[0030] With the goal of minimizing the overload of the main transformer, a linear programming model is constructed, specifically as follows:

[0031] min∑|P up,k -P down,k |;

[0032] st∑(P up,k -P down,k )≥ΔP overload ;

[0033] P min,k ≤P real,k +P adj,k ≤P max,k ;

[0034] Where: P up,k 、P down,k are the upper and lower regulation capabilities of the kth small hydropower model respectively; ΔP overload The overload power difference of the main transformer or line; P real,k is the real-time output of the kth small hydropower model; P adj,k is the actual regulation value of the kth small hydropower model.

[0035] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a control and regulation system for connecting small hydropower to the power grid via an aggregator, comprising:

[0036] The data collection and mapping module collects small hydropower models and real-time output data from the aggregator side, and establishes a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model based on the generator number of the small hydropower model;

[0037] The regulation capacity calculation module builds a grid topology model based on the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model, and calculates the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower station based on the real-time output data of the small hydropower station.

[0038] The topology aggregation module uses an improved breadth-first search algorithm to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area based on the real-time topological connection relationship of the power grid, starting from the main transformer or line. It aggregates the regulation capacity of each small hydropower plant step by step to the main transformer or line level, and generates aggregated regulation capacity data of small hydropower resources in the main transformer / line.

[0039] The overload control strategy generation module generates a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for the main transformer / line based on aggregated small hydropower resource regulation capacity data and the real-time operation status of the power grid when a severe overload is detected on the main transformer or line. The strategy is split according to the aggregator. The regulation strategy of a single aggregator includes the scope of participating small hydropower stations and the total target regulation amount.

[0040] The closed-loop control execution module sends the small hydropower regulation strategy of a single aggregator to the corresponding aggregator for execution. The aggregator decomposes the regulation strategy to the executing small hydropower stations to complete the small hydropower active power regulation; based on the regulation effect, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated to form a closed-loop control.

[0041] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for regulating and controlling the connection of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium for storing one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement a method for regulating and controlling the connection of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. Resource integration capability: Achieve large-scale access to small hydropower resources through aggregators and effectively integrate decentralized small hydropower resources

[0045] 2. Dynamic weight adjustment: Introducing frequency deviation and seasonal characteristics to dynamically adjust the weight and improve the adaptability of the adjustment strategy

[0046] 3. Topology optimization mechanism: Using an improved breadth-first search algorithm to achieve loop blocking and dynamic path optimization, improving aggregation efficiency

[0047] 4. Precise closed-loop control: Generate regulation strategies based on multi-dimensional parameters such as water level change rate and electrical distance, and update regulation capacity data in real time

[0048] 5. Safety protection capability: Prioritizes processing of lines with a transmission capacity surplus rate of <80%, effectively preventing the risk of grid overload. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are only for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are to be executed.

[0053] It should be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] The terms “include” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0055] The term "and / or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will be combined with the specific embodiments of the present application and refer to the attached Figure 1 , clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention.

[0058] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for regulating and controlling small hydropower connected to the power grid through an aggregator, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step S1: Collect the small hydropower model and real-time output data from the aggregator side, and establish a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model based on the generator number of the small hydropower model;

[0060] The small hydropower model includes: static equipment parameters and dynamic operating parameters; static equipment parameters include: basic attributes, electrical characteristics and topological relationships; among which, basic attributes include: power generation household number, geographical location, installed capacity and unit type; electrical characteristics include: rated voltage, frequency and grid interface parameters; topological relationships include: distribution transformer / line number connected to the grid point, and associated information with the "line-transformer-household" relationship of the power grid; dynamic operating parameters include: real-time data and environmental parameters; among which, real-time data includes: current output, real-time water level and water level change rate and unit efficiency curve; environmental parameters include: basin rainfall and seasonal characteristics.

[0061] The mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model is established based on the power generation household number of the small hydropower model. Specifically, a mapping relationship is established between the small hydropower model and the grid marketing household number. The functional expression of the mapping relationship is specifically:

[0062]

[0063] Where: Map() is a bidirectional hash mapping function; S i is the i-th small hydropower model; PlantID i GridID is the generator ID of the i-th small hydropower model; j is the unique identifier of the j-th grid marketing user; H() is the hash function; It is an exclusive OR operation.

[0064] Step S2: constructing a grid topology model based on the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model, and calculating the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower model in combination with the real-time output data of the small hydropower model;

[0065] Based on the generator number of the small hydropower model, a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid marketing account number is established. Then, using the results of the "line-transformer-account" relationship connection of the main distribution system, a topological association relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model is established, thus realizing the effective association between small hydropower and the main grid structure.

[0066] The specific calculation function for the upward regulation capability and downward regulation capability of a single small hydropower station is:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Where: are the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower station respectively; f(h) is the water level-output conversion function; g(Δh) is the water level change influencing factor; α and β are the weights of the upward and downward regulation capabilities respectively; P real The real-time output data of a single small hydropower station; max 、P real They are the maximum and minimum installed capacity of a single small hydropower station respectively.

[0070] Among them, the weights of the upper and lower regulation capabilities are dynamically modified according to the grid frequency deviation and seasonal characteristics, specifically:

[0071]

[0072] Where: α0 and β0 are the initial weights of the upper and lower adjustment capabilities respectively; γ is the frequency sensitivity coefficient; S rainy is the rainy season correction factor; S dry is the dry season correction factor.

[0073] Step S3: Based on the real-time topological connection relationship of the power grid, starting from the main transformer or line, an improved breadth-first search algorithm is used to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area, and the regulation capacity of each small hydropower plant is aggregated step by step up to the main transformer or line level to generate aggregated regulation capacity data of small hydropower resources of the main transformer / line;

[0074] When the improved breadth-first search algorithm is used to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area, the following optimization is performed:

[0075] Loop blocking: Add a level mark L to each small hydropower node m , when the marked node is found and L n <L m Terminate the branch when necessary to prevent loops from being repeatedly aggregated;

[0076] Dynamic weight adjustment: line transmission capacity surplus rate R c As edge weight, prioritize traversing R c <80% of the path.

[0077] Step S4: When a major overload is detected on the main transformer or line, a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for the main transformer / line is generated based on the aggregated small hydropower resource regulation capability data and the real-time operation status of the power grid. The strategy is split according to the aggregator. The regulation strategy of a single aggregator includes the scope of participating small hydropower stations and the total target regulation amount.

[0078] Generating a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for a main transformer / line includes the following steps:

[0079] The priority weight is calculated based on the regulation response speed, water level change rate and electrical distance from the overload node of the small hydropower model. Specifically, it is:

[0080]

[0081] Where: W k is the priority weight of the kth small hydropower model; τ k is the response delay time of the kth small hydropower model; Δh k is the water level change rate of the kth small hydropower model; d k is the electrical distance between the kth small hydropower model and the overload point; λ1, λ2 and λ3 are normalized weight coefficients;

[0082] With the goal of minimizing the overload of the main transformer, a linear programming model is constructed, specifically as follows:

[0083] min∑|P up,k -P down,k |;

[0084] st∑(P up,k -P down,k )≥ΔP overload ;

[0085] P min,k ≤P real,k +P adj,k ≤P max,k ;

[0086] Where: P up,k 、P down,k are the upper and lower regulation capabilities of the kth small hydropower model respectively; ΔP overload The overload power difference of the main transformer or line; P real,k is the real-time output of the kth small hydropower model; P adj,k is the actual regulation value of the kth small hydropower model.

[0087] The small hydropower regulation strategy of a single aggregator is sent to the corresponding aggregator for execution. The aggregator decomposes the regulation strategy to the executing small hydropower stations to complete the small hydropower active power regulation; based on the regulation effect, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated to form a closed-loop control.

[0088] When the regulation strategy is issued to the corresponding small hydropower station for execution, if the deviation between the regulation effect and the expected regulation effect of the strategy is greater than 10%, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated, and a new round of regulation strategy generation is triggered to form a closed-loop control.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] This embodiment provides a control and regulation system for connecting small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator, including:

[0091] The data collection and mapping module collects small hydropower models and real-time output data from the aggregator side, and establishes a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model based on the generator number of the small hydropower model;

[0092] The regulation capacity calculation module builds a grid topology model based on the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model, and calculates the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower station based on the real-time output data of the small hydropower station.

[0093] The topology aggregation module uses an improved breadth-first search algorithm to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area based on the real-time topological connection relationship of the power grid, starting from the main transformer or line. It aggregates the regulation capacity of each small hydropower plant step by step to the main transformer or line level, and generates aggregated regulation capacity data of small hydropower resources in the main transformer / line.

[0094] The overload control strategy generation module generates a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for the main transformer / line based on aggregated small hydropower resource regulation capacity data and the real-time operation status of the power grid when a severe overload is detected on the main transformer or line. The strategy is split according to the aggregator. The regulation strategy of a single aggregator includes the scope of participating small hydropower stations and the total target regulation amount.

[0095] The closed-loop control execution module sends the small hydropower regulation strategy of a single aggregator to the corresponding aggregator for execution. The aggregator decomposes the regulation strategy to the executing small hydropower stations to complete the small hydropower active power regulation; based on the regulation effect, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated to form a closed-loop control.

[0096] Example 3:

[0097] This embodiment provides an electronic device having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for regulating and controlling the connection of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0098] Example 4:

[0099] This embodiment provides a computer-readable medium for storing one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement a method for regulating and controlling the connection of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using a combination of electronic hardware, computer software, and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0103] In the several embodiments provided in this application, if any function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory; hereinafter referred to as: RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

[0104] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid through an aggregator, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Collect the small hydropower model and real-time output data from the aggregator side, and establish a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model based on the generator number of the small hydropower model; Step S2: constructing a grid topology model based on the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model, and calculating the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower station in combination with the real-time output data of the small hydropower stations; Step S3: Based on the real-time topological connection relationship of the power grid, starting from the main transformer or line, an improved breadth-first search algorithm is used to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area, and the regulation capacity of each small hydropower plant is aggregated step by step up to the main transformer or line level to generate aggregated regulation capacity data of small hydropower resources of the main transformer / line; Step S4: When a major overload is detected on the main transformer or line, a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for the main transformer / line is generated based on the aggregated small hydropower resource regulation capability data and the real-time operation status of the power grid. The strategy is split according to the aggregator. The regulation strategy of a single aggregator includes the scope of participating small hydropower stations and the total target regulation amount. Step S5: The small hydropower regulation strategy of a single aggregator is sent to the corresponding aggregator for execution. The aggregator decomposes the regulation strategy to the executing small hydropower stations to complete the small hydropower active power regulation; Based on the regulation effect, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated to form a closed-loop control.

2. The method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid via an aggregator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small hydropower model includes static equipment parameters and dynamic operating parameters. Static equipment parameters include basic attributes, electrical characteristics, and topological relationships. Basic attributes include generator number, geographic location, installed capacity, and unit type. Electrical characteristics include rated voltage, frequency, and grid-connected interface parameters. Topological relationships include the number of the distribution transformer / line connected to the grid connection point and information related to the "line-transformer-user" relationship of the power grid. Dynamic operating parameters include real-time data and environmental parameters. Real-time data includes current output, real-time water level and water level change rate, and unit efficiency curves. Environmental parameters include basin rainfall and seasonal characteristics.

3. The method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid via an aggregator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model is established based on the power generation household number of the small hydropower model. Specifically, a mapping relationship is established between the small hydropower model and the grid marketing household number. The functional expression of the mapping relationship is specifically: Where: Map() is a bidirectional hash mapping function; S i is the i-th small hydropower model; PlantID i GridID is the generator ID of the i-th small hydropower model; j is the unique identifier of the jth grid marketing user; H() is the hash function; It is an exclusive OR operation.

4. The method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid via an aggregator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific calculation function for the upward regulation capability and downward regulation capability of a single small hydropower station is: Where: are the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower model; f(h) is the water level-output conversion function; g(Δh) is the water level change influencing factor; α and β are the weights of the upward and downward regulation capabilities, respectively; P real is the real-time output data of a single small hydropower model; P max 、P real are the maximum and minimum installed capacity of a single small hydropower model respectively.

5. The method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid via an aggregator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weights of the upper and lower regulation capabilities are dynamically modified according to the grid frequency deviation and seasonal characteristics, specifically: Where: α0 and β0 are the initial weights of the upper and lower adjustment ability weights respectively; γ is the frequency sensitivity coefficient; S rainy is the rainy season correction factor; S dry is the dry season correction factor.

6. The method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid via an aggregator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the improved breadth-first search algorithm is used to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area, the following optimization is performed: Loop blocking: Add a level mark L to each small hydropower node m , when the marked node is found and L n <L m Terminate the branch when necessary to prevent loops from being repeatedly aggregated; Dynamic weight adjustment: line transmission capacity surplus rate R c As edge weight, prioritize traversing R c <80% of the path.

7. The method for regulating and controlling small hydropower access to the power grid via an aggregator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Generating a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for a main transformer / line includes the following steps: The priority weight is calculated based on the regulation response speed, water level change rate and electrical distance from the overload node of the small hydropower model. Specifically, it is: Where: W k is the priority weight of the kth small hydropower model; τ k is the response delay time of the kth small hydropower model; Δh k is the water level change rate of the kth small hydropower model; d k is the electrical distance between the kth small hydropower model and the overload point; λ1, λ2 and λ3 are normalized weight coefficients; With the goal of minimizing the overload of the main transformer, a linear programming model is constructed, specifically as follows: min∑|P up,k -P down,k |; s.t.∑(P up,k -P down,k )≥ΔP overload ; P min,k ≤P real,k +P adj,k ≤P max,k ; Where: P up,k 、P down,k are the upper and lower regulation capabilities of the kth small hydropower model respectively; ΔP overload The overload power difference of the main transformer or line; P real,k is the real-time output of the kth small hydropower model; P adj,k is the actual regulation value of the kth small hydropower model.

8. A control and regulation system for small hydropower connected to the power grid through an aggregator, characterized by: include: The data collection and mapping module collects small hydropower models and real-time output data from the aggregator side, and establishes a mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model based on the generator number of the small hydropower model; The regulation capacity calculation module builds a grid topology model based on the mapping relationship between the small hydropower model and the grid equipment model, and calculates the upward and downward regulation capabilities of a single small hydropower station based on the real-time output data of the small hydropower station. The topology aggregation module uses an improved breadth-first search algorithm to traverse the small hydropower plants in the power supply area based on the real-time topological connection relationship of the power grid, starting from the main transformer or line. It aggregates the regulation capacity of each small hydropower plant step by step to the main transformer or line level, and generates aggregated regulation capacity data of small hydropower resources in the main transformer / line. The overload control strategy generation module generates a small hydropower resource regulation strategy for the main transformer / line based on aggregated small hydropower resource regulation capacity data and the real-time operation status of the power grid when a severe overload is detected on the main transformer or line. The strategy is split according to the aggregator. The regulation strategy of a single aggregator includes the scope of participating small hydropower stations and the total target regulation amount. The closed-loop control execution module distributes the small hydropower regulation strategy of a single aggregator to the corresponding aggregator for execution. The aggregator then decomposes the regulation strategy to the executing small hydropower stations to complete the small hydropower active power regulation; Based on the regulation effect, the aggregated regulation capability data of the main transformer / line is updated to form a closed-loop control.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, it implements the method for regulating and controlling the access of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for regulating and controlling the access of small hydropower to the power grid through an aggregator as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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