Photovoltaic system control method and photovoltaic system

Abstract

This application discloses a control method for a photovoltaic system and a photovoltaic system, relating to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology. The method includes: determining the horizontal stress load of the photovoltaic panel based on the target posture, real-time wind direction, and real-time wind speed of the photovoltaic panel; determining the vertical stress load of the photovoltaic panel based on the target posture and real-time rainfall; determining the real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel, and determining the real-time usage cost based on the real-time stress load, standard service life, and price of the photovoltaic panel; determining the real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel based on the target posture, real-time illumination angle, real-time illumination intensity, and grid connection price; establishing an objective function, solving the objective function using a genetic algorithm, and determining the target posture of the photovoltaic panel; and controlling the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the target posture. This application comprehensively considers the impact of environmental factors on the photovoltaic panel, achieves an optimal balance between power generation income and equipment loss, and improves the economic benefits of photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation control technology, and in particular to a control method for a photovoltaic system and a photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power is a clean and renewable energy source. Photovoltaic technology converts the inexhaustible energy of nature into electricity, providing a continuous source of power for production and daily life. Because photovoltaic power generation requires high levels of sunlight, large-scale photovoltaic systems are typically installed in areas with ample sunlight. These areas are often located in relatively flat areas such as the Gobi Desert, so photovoltaic systems are often installed in these locations.

[0003] Ideally, a photovoltaic system achieves maximum power by keeping the panels facing the sun at all times under the control of a control system. However, in flat areas like the Gobi Desert, environmental factors such as wind and rain can significantly impact photovoltaic panels. To adapt to these environmental influences, CN119906365A discloses an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment. This system correlates the position of photovoltaic panels with environmental factors such as wind direction, wind speed, and rainfall, enabling the panels to maintain high power generation efficiency while adapting to environmental influences.

[0004] However, when regulating the posture of photovoltaic panels, the above-mentioned patent mainly considers the adaptability to the environment, that is, the safety of the photovoltaic panels, but ignores the fact that photovoltaic panels have a limited service life. Blindly improving safety may affect the main goal of power generation revenue, resulting in damage to the interests of photovoltaic power generation companies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a control method for a photovoltaic system and a photovoltaic system, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that only the safety of photovoltaic panels is focused on while the power generation benefits are ignored.

[0006] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a photovoltaic system, comprising:

[0007] Obtain real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, real-time light intensity, real-time light angle and real-time rainfall in the environment;

[0008] Determine the horizontal stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of wind according to the target posture, real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed of the photovoltaic panel;

[0009] Determine the vertical stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of rainfall according to the target posture and real-time rainfall;

[0010] Determine the real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel by combining the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load; determine the real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time stress load, the preset standard stress load, and the standard service life of the photovoltaic panel under the standard stress load; and determine the real-time usage cost based on the real-time service life and the price of the photovoltaic panel;

[0011] Determine the illumination projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the real-time illumination angle based on the target posture and real-time illumination angle. Determine the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic panel based on the illumination projection area and real-time illumination intensity. Determine the real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time power generation, unit duration, and grid connection price.

[0012] Taking the maximum difference between real-time power generation income and real-time usage cost as the goal, an objective function is established, and a genetic algorithm is used to solve the objective function and determine the target posture of the photovoltaic panel;

[0013] Control the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the target posture.

[0014] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a photovoltaic system, including:

[0015] Environmental monitoring sensors are used to obtain real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, real-time light intensity, real-time light angle, and real-time rainfall in the environment;

[0016] A first load calculation unit is used to determine the horizontal stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of wind according to the target posture, real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed of the photovoltaic panel;

[0017] The second load calculation unit is used to determine the vertical stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of rainfall according to the target posture and the real-time rainfall;

[0018] a cost calculation unit, configured to determine the real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel based on the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load, determine the real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time stress load, a preset standard stress load, and the standard service life of the photovoltaic panel under the standard stress load, and determine the real-time usage cost based on the real-time service life and the price of the photovoltaic panel;

[0019] An income calculation unit is used to determine the illumination projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the real-time illumination angle based on the target posture and the real-time illumination angle, determine the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic panel based on the illumination projection area and the real-time illumination intensity, and determine the real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time power generation, unit duration, and grid connection price;

[0020] The attitude solving unit is used to establish an objective function with the goal of maximizing the difference between real-time power generation income and real-time usage cost, and use a genetic algorithm to solve the objective function to determine the target attitude of the photovoltaic panel;

[0021] The attitude control unit is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the target attitude.

[0022] The control method and photovoltaic system of the present application have the following advantages:

[0023] By comprehensively considering the impact of environmental factors on photovoltaic panels, accurately calculating stress loads and usage costs, and optimizing power generation income, the optimal balance between power generation income and equipment losses is achieved, which has the advantage of significantly improving the economic benefits of photovoltaic power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart of a photovoltaic system control method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic system control method provided in an embodiment of the present application. This embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic system control method, including:

[0028] S100, obtaining real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, real-time light intensity, real-time light angle and real-time rainfall in the environment.

[0029] For example, if a photovoltaic power plant has only a small number of photovoltaic panels, and these panels do not significantly affect wind direction and speed, wind direction sensors and wind speed sensors can be installed on the ground near the photovoltaic panels in the power plant. The wind direction and wind speed data collected by these sensors will directly serve as real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed. Since light intensity, light angle, and rainfall are not affected by photovoltaic panels, light sensors and rainfall sensors can be installed on the ground of the power plant regardless of the number of photovoltaic panels to monitor real-time light intensity, real-time light angle, and real-time rainfall, respectively.

[0030] When a power plant has a large number of photovoltaic panels, the panels are likely aligned parallel to the wind direction. The panels facing the wind can significantly alter wind direction and speed, leading to differences in wind direction and speed between the leeward and windward panels. In this case, a wind direction and speed sensor can be installed on each photovoltaic panel to monitor the real-time wind direction and speed in the area near each panel.

[0031] Although installing sensors on each photovoltaic panel can accurately and timely obtain the required data, such operation has the problems of high cost and complex maintenance. To address this problem, this application uses software simulation to determine the real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed of each photovoltaic panel.

[0032] Specifically, after obtaining the current wind direction and current wind speed respectively through the wind direction sensor and wind speed sensor set up in the photovoltaic power generation site, the current wind direction and current wind speed are input into the simulation software. The simulation software is pre-loaded with the size and position data of all photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic system. After simulating the wind direction and wind speed, the simulation software obtains the real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed corresponding to each photovoltaic panel.

[0033] S110 , determining a horizontal stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of wind according to the target posture, real-time wind direction, and real-time wind speed of the photovoltaic panel.

[0034] Illustratively, when determining the horizontal stress load, the wind direction projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the real-time wind direction is determined according to the target posture and the real-time wind direction, and the horizontal stress load is determined according to the wind direction projection area and the real-time wind speed.

[0035] The target attitude is the final desired orientation of the PV panel after adjustment. It includes a target azimuth and a target attitude angle. The target azimuth is the angle between the plane of the PV panel and a specific direction, such as due east, while the target attitude angle is the angle between the plane of the PV panel and the horizontal plane. Since the PV panel is very small relative to the wind, it can be roughly assumed that the wind direction acting on the PV panel is the same at all locations on the panel. Therefore, once the real-time wind direction is determined through actual measurement or software simulation, the wind direction projection area can be calculated through geometric calculations. This is then combined with the real-time wind speed to calculate the horizontal stress load.

[0036] Specifically, the wind direction projection area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] in, S wp Indicates the wind direction projection area, unit: m 2 , Ssp Indicates the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, in m 2 , α 1 and α 2 represent the horizontal and vertical components of the angle between the real-time wind direction and the photovoltaic panel. Since the angle between the real-time wind direction and the horizontal plane and a specific wind direction, such as the east direction, can also be determined, this angle is used to calculate the horizontal and vertical components of the angle. α 1 and α 2 can be combined to determine the target azimuth and target attitude angle of the photovoltaic panel:

[0039]

[0040] in, and represent the target azimuth and target attitude angle respectively, and They respectively represent the real-time wind direction and a specific direction, such as the angle with the east direction and the angle between the real-time wind direction and the horizontal plane.

[0041] Based on the above calculation results and combined with the real-time wind speed, the horizontal stress load can be calculated:

[0042]

[0043] in, Indicates horizontal stress load, unit N, Indicates air density in kg / m 3 , in the embodiment of the present application, the value is 1.225, v w Indicates real-time wind speed, unit is m / s, C d It represents the drag coefficient, which is 1.0 in the embodiment of the present application.

[0044] S120 , determining a vertical stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of rainfall according to the target posture and the real-time rainfall.

[0045] For example, when determining the vertical stress load, the direction of rainfall is first corrected according to the real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed to determine the real-time rainfall direction, and then the rainfall projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the real-time rainfall direction is determined according to the target posture, and finally the vertical stress load is determined according to the real-time rainfall amount and the rainfall projection area.

[0046] Generally speaking, wind and rain occur simultaneously, a common occurrence in the Gobi Desert where power plants are located. Under the influence of wind, the direction of rainfall will inevitably deviate from a vertical downward direction, thus altering the load on the photovoltaic panels. During the correction process, the rain is assumed to form at a fixed altitude, maintaining a vertical downward trajectory and a constant speed as it falls over the power plant. Only when it reaches a certain altitude above the power plant will it be affected by wind. At this point, the real-time wind speed and direction are simply combined to form a wind vector, which reflects the falling speed of the raindrops. These two vectors are then combined to obtain the corrected rainfall direction.

[0047] The above correction method does not take into account real-time rainfall. Although the correction is simple and fast, the result is distorted. Therefore, based on the above correction method, this application also takes into account real-time rainfall when forming the rain vector, and adjusts the rain vector according to the real-time rainfall, so that the correction result is consistent with the actual effect of wind on rain.

[0048] Specifically, the rainfall projection area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] in, S rp Indicates the rainfall projection area, unit m 2 , β 1 and β 2 represent the horizontal and vertical components of the angle between the corrected rainfall direction and the photovoltaic panel. These two angles can be determined based on the target posture:

[0051]

[0052] in, and They represent the rainfall direction and specific direction, such as the angle with due east and the angle between the rainfall direction and the horizontal plane.

[0053] Based on the above calculation results and combined with the real-time rainfall, the vertical stress load can be calculated:

[0054]

[0055] in, F v Indicates vertical stress load, unit N, I Indicates real-time rainfall in mm / h. v r Indicates the raindrop velocity in m / s.

[0056] S130, combining the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load to determine the real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel, determining the real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time stress load, the preset standard stress load and the standard service life of the photovoltaic panel under the standard stress load, and determining the real-time usage cost based on the real-time service life and the price of the photovoltaic panel.

[0057] For example, the real-time stress load can be considered as a vector. After the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load are determined, these two loads will also be expressed as vectors. Therefore, the real-time stress load can be obtained by vector synthesis.

[0058] During laboratory aging experiments, photovoltaic panels are subjected to a preset standard stress load to determine their standard service life. To calculate the real-time service life, the ratio of the real-time stress load to the standard stress load is first calculated. The quotient of the standard service life and this ratio is then used as the real-time service life. This real-time service life represents the time it takes for a photovoltaic panel to fail if it remains in that state. If a unit time is pre-set, such as 5 or 10 minutes, the actual service life can be divided into multiple time periods, and the real-time cost of use is calculated as the quotient of the photovoltaic panel price and the number of time periods.

[0059] S140, determine the illumination projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the real-time illumination angle according to the target posture and the real-time illumination angle, determine the real-time power generation power of the photovoltaic panel according to the illumination projection area and the real-time illumination intensity, and determine the real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel in combination with the real-time power generation power, unit duration and grid connection price.

[0060] For example, when photovoltaic panels generate electricity during rainfall, a certain amount of raindrops will remain on the surface, and the raindrops will reflect and refract the light, resulting in a decrease in the actual light intensity acting on the photovoltaic panels. Therefore, after determining the real-time power generation power, the real-time power generation power is corrected according to the real-time rainfall.

[0061] After calculating the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic panel, the power generation of the photovoltaic panel in this unit time can be calculated according to the set unit time, and then the power generation is multiplied by the grid price. The result is the real-time power generation income.

[0062] S150, taking the maximum difference between the real-time power generation income and the real-time usage cost as the goal, establishing an objective function, using a genetic algorithm to solve the objective function, and determining the target posture of the photovoltaic panel.

[0063] For example, the difference between real-time power generation revenue and real-time usage cost represents the profit of the power plant operator. Ideally, the real-time usage cost is as low as possible, while the real-time power generation revenue is as high as possible. However, in the actual power generation process, these two data may increase or decrease simultaneously. For example, when the angle between wind direction, rainfall direction, and sunlight angle is small, in order to increase power generation revenue, the photovoltaic panels need to face the sunlight directly. At this time, the stress loads received by the photovoltaic panels from wind and rain may also reach maximum. Therefore, there is no clear relationship between real-time power generation revenue and real-time usage cost. Therefore, it is necessary to use a genetic algorithm to solve it and obtain the target posture at which the value of the objective function is maximized.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present application, after determining the target posture, the current posture of the photovoltaic panel is obtained, the current posture includes the current direction angle and the current posture angle, the rotation direction and rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel are determined based on the current posture and the target posture, the rotation direction, rotation angle and rotation speed of the photovoltaic panel are combined to determine the load correction amount caused by the influence of wind and rainfall on the photovoltaic panel during the rotation process, the real-time usage cost is corrected according to the load correction amount, and the target posture is solved based on the corrected real-time usage cost.

[0065] After determining the target posture, the photovoltaic panel needs to be controlled to rotate in order to maximize the value of the objective function. During the rotation process, the photovoltaic panel will bear additional stress loads from wind and rain. This part of the stress load will also have a significant impact on the real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel, so it also needs to be taken into consideration.

[0066] Specifically, when determining the load correction amount, the current posture, rotation direction, rotation angle, real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed are input into the simulation software, and the time for the photovoltaic panel to rotate from the current posture according to the rotation direction and rotation angle is divided into multiple time periods. The sub-correction amounts in each time period are simulated, and the load correction amount is obtained by summing up all the sub-corrections.

[0067] Each sub-correction can be considered as the stress load of wind and rain that the photovoltaic panel bears at a fixed angle. Therefore, each sub-correction can be calculated according to the above-mentioned method for calculating horizontal stress load and vertical stress load, and this application will not describe it in detail.

[0068] Furthermore, when the photovoltaic system includes multiple photovoltaic panels, the difference value of each photovoltaic panel is determined, and the objective function is established with the maximum sum of all the differences as the goal.

[0069] The target posture of a single photovoltaic panel is used as an individual in the genetic algorithm solution process. The target posture of the entire photovoltaic system will form a population. After the genetic algorithm is applied, the target posture of each photovoltaic panel is obtained. When each photovoltaic panel is controlled to rotate to the corresponding target posture, the power generation benefit of each photovoltaic panel may not reach the maximum, but the power generation benefit of the entire photovoltaic system can be maximized.

[0070] S160, controlling the photovoltaic panel to rotate to a target posture.

[0071] For example, drive motors in the horizontal and vertical directions may be provided on the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel may be controlled to achieve a desired target posture by operating the drive motors.

[0072] Furthermore, when the real-time wind speed or real-time rainfall exceeds the corresponding threshold, the expected direction angle of the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the real-time wind direction, and then the photovoltaic panel is controlled to rotate to the expected direction angle. At the expected direction angle, the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the real-time wind direction and is in a vertical state.

[0073] Specifically, if the real-time wind speed or rainfall is excessive, even a small projected area can damage the photovoltaic panels in a short period of time. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure the safety of the panels. Aligning the panels with the real-time wind direction, both parallel and perpendicular, minimizes the impact of wind and rain on the panels. When the real-time wind speed and rainfall fall below a threshold, the objective function establishment and solution process can be re-executed.

[0074] The present application also provides a photovoltaic system, which includes:

[0075] Environmental monitoring sensors are used to obtain real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, real-time light intensity, real-time light angle, and real-time rainfall in the environment;

[0076] A first load calculation unit is used to determine the horizontal stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of wind according to the target posture, real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed of the photovoltaic panel;

[0077] The second load calculation unit is used to determine the vertical stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of rainfall according to the target posture and the real-time rainfall;

[0078] a cost calculation unit, configured to determine the real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel based on the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load, determine the real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time stress load, a preset standard stress load, and the standard service life of the photovoltaic panel under the standard stress load, and determine the real-time usage cost based on the real-time service life and the price of the photovoltaic panel;

[0079] An income calculation unit is used to determine the illumination projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the real-time illumination angle based on the target posture and the real-time illumination angle, determine the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic panel based on the illumination projection area and the real-time illumination intensity, and determine the real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time power generation, unit duration, and grid connection price;

[0080] The attitude solving unit is used to establish an objective function with the goal of maximizing the difference between real-time power generation income and real-time usage cost, and use a genetic algorithm to solve the objective function to determine the target attitude of the photovoltaic panel;

[0081] The attitude control unit is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the target attitude.

[0082] For example, units other than the environmental monitoring sensor and the attitude control unit can be integrated into the control computer, and the control computer, the environmental monitoring sensor and the attitude control unit can be connected through a communication cable to achieve accurate control of the photovoltaic panel.

[0083] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0084] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A control method for a photovoltaic system, characterized in that: include: Obtain real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, real-time light intensity, real-time light angle and real-time rainfall in the environment; Determining a horizontal stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of wind according to the target posture of the photovoltaic panel, the real-time wind direction, and the real-time wind speed; determining a vertical stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of rainfall based on the target posture and the real-time rainfall amount; when determining the vertical stress load, first correcting the direction of rainfall based on the real-time wind direction and the real-time wind speed to determine the real-time rainfall direction, then determining the rainfall projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the real-time rainfall direction based on the target posture, and finally determining the vertical stress load based on the real-time rainfall amount and the rainfall projection area; Determine the real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel in combination with the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load, determine the real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time stress load, a preset standard stress load, and the standard service life of the photovoltaic panel under the standard stress load, and determine the real-time usage cost based on the real-time service life and the price of the photovoltaic panel; Determine the illumination projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the real-time illumination angle according to the target posture and the real-time illumination angle, determine the real-time power generation power of the photovoltaic panel according to the illumination projection area and the real-time illumination intensity, and determine the real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel in combination with the real-time power generation power, unit duration, and grid connection price; Taking the maximum difference between the real-time power generation income and the real-time usage cost as the goal, establishing an objective function, using a genetic algorithm to solve the objective function, and determining the target posture of the photovoltaic panel; After determining the target posture, obtaining a current posture of the photovoltaic panel, the current posture including a current direction angle and a current posture angle; determining a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the current posture and the target posture; determining a load correction amount generated by the photovoltaic panel being affected by wind and rainfall during rotation by combining the rotation direction, the rotation angle, and the rotation speed of the photovoltaic panel; correcting the real-time usage cost based on the load correction amount; and solving the target posture based on the corrected real-time usage cost; The photovoltaic panel is controlled to rotate to the target posture.

2. A photovoltaic system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When determining the load correction amount, the current posture, the rotation direction, the rotation angle, the real-time wind direction and the real-time wind speed are input into the simulation software, the time for the photovoltaic panel to rotate from the current posture according to the rotation direction and the rotation angle is divided into multiple time periods, the sub-correction amounts in each of the time periods are simulated, and all the sub-corrections are summed to obtain the load correction amount.

3. A photovoltaic system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the real-time generated power is determined, the real-time generated power is corrected according to the real-time rainfall.

4. A photovoltaic system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When determining the horizontal stress load, the wind direction projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the real-time wind direction is determined according to the target posture and the real-time wind direction, and the horizontal stress load is determined according to the wind direction projection area and the real-time wind speed.

5. The photovoltaic system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the real-time wind speed or the real-time rainfall exceeds the corresponding threshold, the expected direction angle of the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the real-time wind direction, and then the photovoltaic panel is controlled to rotate to the expected direction angle. At the expected direction angle, the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the real-time wind direction and is in a vertical state.

6. A photovoltaic system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining the current wind direction and current wind speed respectively through the wind direction sensor and wind speed sensor set in the photovoltaic power generation site, the current wind direction and current wind speed are input into the simulation software. The simulation software is pre-loaded with the size and position data of all the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic system. After simulating the wind direction and wind speed, the simulation software obtains the real-time wind direction and real-time wind speed corresponding to each photovoltaic panel.

7. A photovoltaic system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a photovoltaic system includes a plurality of photovoltaic panels, the difference value of each photovoltaic panel is determined, and the objective function is established with the maximum sum of all the differences as the goal.

8. A photovoltaic system using the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Environmental monitoring sensors are used to obtain real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, real-time light intensity, real-time light angle, and real-time rainfall in the environment; a first load calculation unit, configured to determine a horizontal stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of wind according to a target posture of the photovoltaic panel, the real-time wind direction, and the real-time wind speed; a second load calculation unit, configured to determine a vertical stress load generated by the photovoltaic panel under the influence of rainfall according to the target posture and the real-time rainfall; a cost calculation unit, configured to determine a real-time stress load borne by the photovoltaic panel in combination with the horizontal stress load and the vertical stress load, determine a real-time service life of the photovoltaic panel based on the real-time stress load, a preset standard stress load, and a standard service life of the photovoltaic panel under the standard stress load, and determine a real-time usage cost based on the real-time service life and a price of the photovoltaic panel; an income calculation unit, configured to determine, based on the target posture and the real-time illumination angle, an illumination projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the real-time illumination angle, determine, based on the illumination projection area and the real-time illumination intensity, a real-time power generation power of the photovoltaic panel, and determine, based on the real-time power generation power, unit duration, and grid connection price, a real-time power generation income of the photovoltaic panel; an attitude solving unit, configured to establish an objective function with the goal of maximizing the difference between the real-time power generation income and the real-time usage cost, solve the objective function using a genetic algorithm, and determine the target attitude of the photovoltaic panel; A posture control unit is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the target posture.

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