Low-loss young garlic shoot harvester and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-loss young garlic shoot harvester and a using method thereof.The low-loss young garlic shoot harvester comprises a rack, a straightening feeding device, a clamping and pulling device, a belt conveying device and a storage bin, the discharging end of the straightening feeding device is matched with the feeding end of the clamping and pulling device, and the belt conveying device is located on the discharging side of the clamping and pulling device; the discharging end of the belt conveying device extends to the storage bin, the rack is further provided with a rotary continuous puncturing device, the rotary continuous puncturing device comprises two bases rotationally installed on the rack, needle discs are fixedly arranged on the bases, a plurality of puncturing needle bodies are fixedly arranged on the outer edges of the needle discs, and a garlic shoot plant cauloid channel is formed between the puncturing needle bodies of the two needle discs. And the width of the young garlic shoot plant cauloid channel is smaller than the diameter of the young garlic shoot plant cauloid. The puncture needle body is used for performing multi-point puncture on the cauloid of the young garlic shoot plant, so that the internal tissue of the young garlic shoot part is broken, the resistance for pulling out the young garlic shoot is reduced, the harvesting efficiency is improved, and excessive damage to the cauloid of the young garlic shoot plant is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to the field of garlic stalk harvesting, and specifically relates to a low-loss garlic stalk harvester and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Garlic, with a history spanning over 2,000 years, is an indispensable seasoning in daily life, deodorizing and enhancing the flavor of fish, meat, poultry, and vegetables. Garlic scapes, also known as garlic sprouts or garlic tips, are the flower stalks that emerge from the garlic plant. They consist of the scape and the stem. They are one of the most widely stored and longest-lasting vegetables in my country's refrigerated vegetable industry and are a highly nutritious and functional vegetable.

[0003] Since the harvesting of garlic sprouts requires pulling them upward, ordinary harvesting machines cannot accomplish this task and still rely on manual harvesting. This is not only inefficient but also costly. In some areas, the labor cost is even higher than the income from garlic sprouts, causing economic losses to growers. The harvesting of garlic sprouts has gradually become an important factor restricting the scale development of garlic sprout cultivation.

[0004] At present, some garlic stalk harvesting machines have also appeared. However, due to the particularity of garlic stalk extraction, the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant needs to be punctured before extraction in order to successfully pull out the garlic stalk. The garlic stalk harvesting equipment in the existing technology usually adopts a linear movable puncture method with few puncture points. During extraction, the resistance is large, which is not conducive to improving the stalk extraction rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a low-loss garlic stalk harvester and a method for using the same, which not only realizes the mechanization of garlic stalk harvesting, but also helps to improve the stalk pulling rate and avoids significant damage to the pseudostems of garlic stalk plants during harvesting.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme, which provides a low-loss garlic stalk harvester, including a frame with a walking device installed, and a straightening and feeding device, a clamping and extracting device, a belt conveyor and a storage bin installed on the frame, the discharging end of the straightening and feeding device is adapted to the feeding end of the clamping and extracting device, the belt conveyor is located on the discharging side of the clamping and extracting device, and the discharging end of the belt conveyor extends to the storage bin, and the frame is also provided with a rotary continuous puncture device located below the straightening and feeding device, the rotary continuous puncture device includes two bases rotatably installed on the frame, and a puncture drive mechanism for driving the two bases to rotate around a vertical axis, a needle disk is coaxially fixed on the base, and a plurality of puncture needle bodies are fixed on the outer edge of the needle disk, which are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction and extend radially, a garlic stalk plant pseudostem channel is formed between the puncture needle bodies of the two needle disks, and the width of the garlic stalk plant pseudostem channel is smaller than the diameter of the garlic stalk plant pseudostem. When using this solution, the garlic scapes are straightened and erected by the straightening and feeding device, and fed into the clamping and extracting device, the garlic scapes are extracted by the clamping and extracting device, and the extracted garlic scapes are sent to the storage bin by the belt conveyor. Before extraction, the base is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, thereby driving the needle disk to rotate. When the garlic scape passes through the pseudostem channel of the garlic scape plant, the rotating puncture needle body is used to perform continuous radial puncture on the pseudostem of the garlic scape plant, achieving multi-point puncture, causing part of the internal tissue of the garlic scape to break, which helps to reduce the restraining resistance in the subsequent extraction process.

[0007] As an optimization, the puncture needle body is tapered, with the end away from the needle disc being the sharp end. The spacing between the tips of two adjacent puncture needle bodies on the same needle disc is 3-4 mm. The puncture needle body of this optimized solution adopts a long tapered gradient design, which has excellent puncture guidance performance, can reduce puncture resistance, and minimize damage to the garlic stalk pseudostem tissue. The spacing between adjacent puncture needle bodies is set so that when the garlic stalk pseudostem passes through the puncture area, it can be penetrated by 3-4 puncture needles, further ensuring the multi-point puncture effect.

[0008] As an optimization, the base is fixed with a bevel gear coaxial with the needle disk, which is in driving connection with the puncture drive mechanism. This optimization solution integrates the puncture needle body and the bevel gear into a single piece. When the bevel gear receives power, it directly drives the puncture needle body to rotate, simplifying the structure. The bevel gear also strengthens the needle disk, improving its structural strength.

[0009] As an optimization, the clamping and extraction device includes two non-circular rollers rotatably mounted on a frame, and a drive device that drives the two non-circular rollers. The two non-circular rollers rotate in opposite directions, forming a garlic stalk extraction channel between them. The belt conveyor is located on one side above the garlic stalk extraction channel. The cross-sectional profile of the non-circular rollers is a non-circular concave-convex structure constructed using Bezier spline curves, in which the concave portion of one non-circular roller periodically engages with the convex portion of the other non-circular roller. This optimization scheme utilizes the continuous concave-convex transition characteristics of the non-circular profile of the Bezier spline curve to ensure that the roller bodies of the non-circular rollers form periodic meshing contact during rotation, expanding the contact area with the garlic stalk, improving the stability of clamping and extraction, and evenly distributing the clamping force, achieving flexible clamping and efficient extraction of the garlic stalks.

[0010] As an optimization, the non-circular rollers consist of a roller body and a tapered guide head fixed to the front end of the roller body. The front end of the tapered guide head is pointed. The roller body has an axial taper of 0.25 to 0.35 degrees, and the front diameter of the roller body is smaller than the rear diameter. This optimization solution facilitates the entry of garlic stalks into the extraction channel. The axial taper of the roller body achieves a gradual change from wide to narrow in the clamping gap without drastically changing the roller surface structure, ensuring stable extraction.

[0011] As an optimization, the roller body is fitted with spiral ridges, which are staggered on both sides of the roller body on both sides of the garlic stalk extraction channel. This optimization solution uses the spiral ridges to gradually guide garlic stalks with smaller diameters into the appropriate clamping area, preventing them from being missed.

[0012] As an optimization, the straightening and feeding device is tilted backward. The straightening and feeding device includes a straw-splitting mechanism, a left straw-splitting mechanism arranged on the left side of the straw-splitting mechanism, and a right straw-splitting mechanism arranged on the right side of the straw-splitting mechanism. The left straw-splitting mechanism and the right straw-splitting mechanism are symmetrically arranged about the straw-splitting mechanism. Straightening and straw-splitting channels are formed between the left straw-splitting mechanism and the straw-splitting mechanism, and between the right straw-splitting mechanism and the straw-splitting mechanism, respectively. A clamping and extraction device and a rotary continuous piercing device are respectively arranged at the rear of each straightening and straw-splitting channel. This optimization solution sets the straightening and feeding device to be tilted backward, which is more conducive to straightening the garlic stalks. By setting up the straw-splitting mechanism, it is easier to separate the stalks and avoid clutter. By setting up the left and right straw-splitting mechanisms, the garlic stalks are straightened and fed backwards into the clamping and extraction device. At the same time, by setting up two straightening and straw-splitting channels, the harvesting efficiency is improved.

[0013] As an optimization, the right-hand straw-supporting mechanism includes a housing fixed to the frame and an endless chain rotatably mounted within the housing. The two sides of the endless chain are arranged in a left-right direction. A number of shifting fingers, spaced circumferentially, are mounted on the endless chain. One end of each shifting finger is rotatably connected to the endless chain via a vertical shaft. A guide rail, fixed to the housing and extending in the front-to-back direction, is provided on the left side of the endless chain. The shifting finger has a slot adapted to the guide rail. When the slot of the shifting finger is engaged with the guide rail, the shifting finger extends out of the housing toward the side of the straw-splitting mechanism. The side of the housing has an elongated hole for the shifting finger on the left side of the endless chain to pass through. This optimization scheme utilizes the rotating chain to drive the shifting finger to straighten and feed the garlic stalks backward. The guide rail guides the shifting finger, preventing it from rotating under the resistance of the garlic stalks, thus ensuring the reliability of straightening and feeding.

[0014] As an optimization, the rear end wall of the slotted hole is located behind the guide rail, and the distance between the rear end wall of the slotted hole and the chain is less than the length of the shift finger. The distance between the side wall of the housing away from the crop-separating mechanism and the chain is less than the length of the shift finger. This optimization solution uses the rear end wall of the slotted hole to block the shift finger from moving out of the guide rail, allowing the shift finger to rotate about the vertical axis, reducing the space occupied by the shift finger outside the chain.

[0015] This solution also provides a method for using a low-loss garlic stalk harvester: the straightening and feeding device is inserted from the root of the plant, and the entire machine moves forward in the direction of travel driven by the walking device, completing the gathering of garlic leaves and achieving effective separation of garlic stalks and garlic leaves, and at the same time using the finger picker to straighten the garlic stalk. During the straightening process of the garlic stalk, the rotary puncture device performs multi-point synchronous puncture on the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant in a high-speed rotation manner, causing part of the internal tissue of the garlic stalk to break, creating conditions for subsequent stalk pulling operations. After completing the puncture of the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant, under the joint cooperation of the finger picker and the conical guide head, the straightened garlic stalk enters the garlic stalk extraction channel of the clamping and extraction device, the thicker garlic stalk is directly clamped by the concave-convex meshing roller surfaces of the two non-circular rollers and pulled upward, the thinner garlic stalk is pushed into the optimal clamping position by the spiral ridges and completed after extraction, and the extracted garlic stalk falls horizontally into the belt conveyor device and is finally sent to the storage bin.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the puncture needle body on the needle disk rotating around the vertical axis punctures the pseudostem of the garlic scape plant at multiple points, causing part of the internal tissue of the garlic scape to break, reducing the resistance to pulling out the garlic scape, improving the harvesting efficiency, and avoiding excessive damage to the pseudostem of the garlic scape plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-loss garlic scape harvester of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the straightening and feeding device; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the right supporting mechanism; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a rotary continuous puncture device; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping and extraction device; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the non-circular roller structure; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of a non-circular roller pair; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the finger and the guide rail; As shown in the figure: 1. Walking device, 2. Straightening and feeding device, 3. Rotary continuous puncturing device, 4. Clamping and extraction device, 5. Belt conveyor, 6. Storage bin, 21. Right straw supporting mechanism, 22. Stranding mechanism, 23. Left straw supporting mechanism, 231. Sprocket, 232. Ring chain, 233. Guide rail, 234. Dial, 235. Housing, 31. Bevel gear, 32. Puncture needle body, 311. Needle disk, 41. Non-circular roller, 42. Drive shaft, 43. Bearing seat, 44. Motor, 45. Gear box, 411. Roller body, 412. Conical guide head, 413. Spiral ridge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods.

[0019] like Figure 1 The low-loss garlic stalk harvester shown includes a frame equipped with a traveling device 1, as well as a straightening and feeding device 2, a clamping and extracting device 4, a belt conveyor 5, and a storage bin 6 mounted on the frame. The discharge end of the straightening and feeding device is compatible with the feed end of the clamping and extracting device. The belt conveyor is located on the discharge side of the clamping and extracting device, and the discharge end of the belt conveyor extends to the storage bin. The traveling device uses existing technology, and the power mechanism drives the traveling wheels to rotate, allowing the entire machine to move. The belt conveyor also uses existing technology, and through the rotation of the belt, the garlic stalks on the belt are transported to the storage bin, which is used to store the garlic stalks transported by the belt conveyor. The clamping and extracting device 4 is installed behind the straightening and feeding device 2. The straightening and feeding device 2 is used to straighten the garlic scapes and feed them backwards to the clamping and extracting device. The clamping and extracting device is used to extract the garlic scapes upwards. The garlic scapes extracted by the clamping and extracting device fall onto the belt of the belt conveyor and are transported to the storage bin by the belt conveyor.

[0020] The frame is also equipped with a rotary continuous puncture device 3 located below the straightening and feeding device 2. The rotary continuous puncture device 3 is used to puncture the garlic scapes, causing fractures in the internal tissue of the scapes, which helps to reduce the binding resistance during the subsequent extraction process. The rotary continuous puncture device 3 of this embodiment includes two bases rotatably mounted on the frame, and a puncture drive mechanism that drives the two bases to rotate about a vertical axis. The bases are coaxially fixed with a needle disk 311. The outer edge of the needle disk 311 is fixed with a number of puncture needles 32 that are evenly spaced and arranged in a circumferential direction and extend radially. The puncture needles on the needle disk are radially arranged, forming a complete 360-degree puncture coverage structure with no blind spots. The puncture needles on the same base are located on a horizontal plane. A garlic stem pseudostem channel is formed between the puncture needles of the two needle discs. The width of the garlic stem pseudostem channel is smaller than the diameter of the garlic stem. When the garlic stem pseudostem passes through the channel, the puncture needles on both sides puncture it, causing a fracture in the internal tissue of the garlic stem. This helps to reduce the restraining resistance during the subsequent extraction process and improve the extraction rate. The puncture needles 32 on both sides of the garlic stem pseudostem channel are arranged in opposite directions and the puncture paths intersect, ensuring that the garlic stem pseudostem achieves a sufficient and synchronous two-way puncture effect when passing through the puncture area. Specifically, the puncture needle body 32 of this embodiment is conical, and the end of the puncture needle body away from the needle disk is a pointed end. The distance between two adjacent puncture needle body tips on the same needle disk is 3-4 mm.

[0021] A bevel gear 31, coaxial with the needle disc, is fixed to the base and connected to the puncture drive mechanism via a transmission system. This mechanism rotates the needle disc at high speed around its central axis, thereby driving the annular array of puncture needles 32 for continuous radial puncture. Each puncture needle 32 has a thickened base that fits into a groove in the disc, enhancing shear strength and connection security. The portion of the needle 32 extending from the disc features a long, tapered, transitional design, providing excellent puncture guidance, reducing puncture resistance, and minimizing damage to the pseudostem tissue of the garlic scape.

[0022] The rotary continuous puncture device 3 of this embodiment utilizes a radially rotating puncture method, enabling simultaneous multi-point puncture of the pseudostem of a garlic scape plant. Compared to conventional puncture methods employing fixed needles or linear reciprocating mechanisms, this device, through high-speed rotation, covers the entire puncture area, enabling effective puncture without the need for precise positioning of the pseudostem of the garlic scape, thus avoiding puncture deviation or missed punctures and significantly improving operational adaptability, target compatibility, and continuous operational efficiency. Furthermore, while achieving effective puncture and assisting extraction, the rotary continuous puncture device 3 avoids significant damage to the pseudostem of the garlic scape plant during the puncture process, which could affect the garlic scape plant's ability to deliver nutrients to the garlic bulb through photosynthesis, thereby significantly reducing the adverse effects on the subsequent expansion and growth of the garlic bulb.

[0023] The clamping and extraction device comprises two non-circular rollers 41 rotatably mounted on a frame, and a drive mechanism that drives these rollers. The rollers 41 rotate in opposite directions and are synchronized by a 1:1 gear ratio, ensuring even distribution of extraction force. A garlic stalk extraction channel is formed between the two non-circular rollers, and a belt conveyor 5 is located above and to one side of the channel.

[0024] like Figure 7 As shown, the cross-sectional profile of the non-circular rollers is a non-circular concave-convex structure constructed using Bezier spline curves, in which the concave portion of one non-circular roller periodically meshes with the convex portion of the other non-circular roller. The Bezier spline non-circular profile features a continuous concave-convex transition, enabling the roller body 411 of the non-circular roller 41 to form periodic meshing contact during rotation. This expands the contact area with the garlic stalk, improves clamping and extraction stability, and evenly distributes the clamping force, achieving flexible clamping and efficient extraction of the garlic stalk. The profile of the non-circular roller 41 in this embodiment is a periodically distributed concave-convex arc constructed using six Bezier control points. This allows for dynamic surface alignment during the extraction process. Compared to the point contact of traditional circular rollers, the non-circular rollers 41 utilize surface contact, significantly improving clamping and extraction stability and reducing the risk of surface damage to the garlic stalk. The periodic variation of the non-circular profile creates a clamping-slow fluctuation rhythm during the extraction process, helping to simulate the natural pulling motion during manual extraction and effectively improving low-loss extraction efficiency.

[0025] The non-circular rollers consist of a roller body 411 and a tapered guide head 412 fixed to the front end of the roller body. The tapered guide head 412 is located directly above the rotary continuous puncture device. The front end of the tapered guide head 412 is pointed. The roller body has an axial taper of 0.25 to 0.35 degrees, and the front diameter of the roller body is smaller than the rear diameter. Spiral ridges 413 are fixed to the roller surface, staggered on either side of the garlic stalk extraction channel. This allows for a gradual change in the clamping gap from wide to narrow without drastically changing the roller surface structure, ensuring that the garlic stalk is gradually guided by the spiral ridges 413 into a clamping area that matches its diameter, enabling stable extraction.

[0026] The straightening and feeding device is tilted backward and includes a straw-splitting mechanism 22, a right straw-supporting mechanism 21 arranged on the right side of the straw-splitting mechanism, and a left straw-supporting mechanism 23 arranged on the left side of the straw-splitting mechanism. The outer shells of the right straw-supporting mechanism 21 and the left straw-supporting mechanism 23 are streamlined as a whole, with the upper part being a circular arc closed structure to reduce the resistance when contacting the garlic leaves, and the lower part gradually tapering to form a tapered guide end, which is convenient for smooth insertion into the fallen crops to achieve straw separation and straightening. The straightening and feeding device 2 adopts a three-mechanism linkage design, that is, the right straw-supporting mechanism 21 and the left straw-supporting mechanism 23 work together with the straw-splitting mechanism 22 to achieve efficient gathering of garlic leaves, precise separation of garlic leaves and garlic stalks, and at the same time complete the uprighting of the garlic stalks, and feed the straightened garlic stalks into the clamping and extraction device 4. The right and left straw-supporting mechanisms 21 and 23 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the straw-splitting mechanism 22. Straightening and separating channels are formed between the left and right straw-supporting mechanisms, and respectively, behind each straightening and separating channel, a clamping and extraction device and a rotary continuous puncture device are provided. A belt conveyor is provided above the left and right clamping and extraction devices, that is, the two clamping and extraction devices share a single belt conveyor. When the pulled garlic stalks leave the non-circular rollers, the belt conveyor is provided between the non-circular rollers and is slightly higher than the rollers. Due to the slight upward tilt of the belt of the belt conveyor and the rotational traction of the rollers, the garlic stalks naturally tilt toward one side of the belt, enter the belt transmission surface laterally, and complete automatic transportation.

[0027] The straw separating mechanism is fixedly connected to the frame and adopts a fingerless V-shaped guide design. The front end of the straw separating mechanism is set as a guide cone. The guide cone on the left and the front end of the right side of the left straw supporting mechanism form a guide opening with a larger front and a smaller back. The guide cone on the right and the front end of the left side of the right straw supporting mechanism form a guide opening with a larger front and a smaller back, which is convenient for the entry of garlic sprouts.

[0028] The left and right crop-supporting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged. The right mechanism comprises a housing 235 fixed to the frame and an endless chain 232 rotatably mounted within the housing. Two sprockets 231 rotatably mounted on the housing mate with the endless chain. One of the sprockets is connected to a drive motor, which drives the sprocket, thereby rotating the endless chain. The two sprockets are arranged in a front-to-back direction, so that the two sides of the endless chain 232 are arranged in a left-to-right direction. The endless chain is equipped with a number of fingers 234 spaced circumferentially. These fingers are used to contact and move the garlic sprouts. One end of each finger is rotatably connected to the endless chain 232 via a vertical axis, while the other end extends away from the chain. A guide rail 233, fixedly connected to the housing 235 and extending in the front-to-back direction, is located on the left side of the endless chain. Each finger has a slot that mates with the guide rail. When the slot engages the guide rail, the finger extends out of the housing toward the side of the separating mechanism. The side of the housing has a slot for the finger on the left side of the endless chain to pass through. The guide rail guides the movement of the finger and prevents it from rotating due to resistance from the garlic sprouts, ensuring that the finger effectively feeds the garlic sprouts backward.

[0029] To achieve the retractable movement of the shift finger, the rear end wall of the long hole is located behind the guide rail, and the distance between the rear end wall of the long hole and the chain is less than the length of the shift finger extending away from the chain. The distance between the side wall of the housing away from the side where the grain-dividing mechanism is located and the chain is less than the length of the shift finger. After the shift finger moves backward out of the guide rail, the rear end wall of the long hole blocks the shift finger, causing the front end of the shift finger to rotate toward the chain, thereby reducing the space occupied by the shift finger. When the shift finger moves to the right side of the chain, the housing blocks the shift finger and keeps it parallel to the chain. After the shift finger moves with the chain and passes the sprocket in front, the locking slot re-engages the guide rail.

[0030] The shift finger 234 of this embodiment is arranged in a ring shape around the chain 232. After the operation is completed, it can automatically retract under the limiting action of the shell 235, actively avoiding the running space of the sprocket 231 and the chain 232, ensuring the coordination and cooperation between the components of the left and right supporting mechanisms and the smoothness of continuous operation.

[0031] In this embodiment, a gearbox 45 with multiple output shafts is fixedly installed within the storage bin. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to an electric motor 44, which is powered by a battery. A transmission shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the roller body of the non-circular roller. The transmission shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the frame via a bearing seat 43, and the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the gearbox. The gearbox and the motor form a drive device for driving the non-circular rollers. Gears with opposite rotations are provided within the gearbox to respectively drive the two non-circular rollers 41 in the same clamping and extraction device to rotate, thereby achieving opposite rotations of the two non-circular rollers. This is prior art and will not be described in detail. The puncture drive mechanism can be provided with a separate motor to drive the base to rotate, or a long shaft can be provided on the frame, one end of the long shaft being transmission-connected to the output shaft of the gearbox, and the other end of the long shaft being provided with a transmission bevel gear that meshes with a bevel gear on the base. The motor 44 and gearbox 45 are also used to provide power. The arrangement of the transmission bevel gear and the long shaft, as well as the transmission connection between the long shaft and the output shaft of the gearbox, can all be based on prior art. The traveling device can also be powered by an electric motor and a gear box, and the traveling wheel axle of the traveling device is connected to the output shaft of the gear box through a belt or chain transmission.

[0032] The present embodiment provides a method for using a low-loss garlic stalk harvester: When the low-loss garlic stalk harvester is in operation, first, the feeding device is straightened and inserted from the root of the plant. The entire machine moves forward in the direction of travel driven by the traveling device to complete the gathering of garlic leaves and achieve effective separation of garlic stalks and garlic leaves. At the same time, the garlic stalks are straightened using the finger. During the straightening process of the garlic stalks, the rotary puncture device performs multi-point synchronous puncture on the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant at high speed, so that part of the internal tissue of the garlic stalk is released. The garlic stalks are now broken, creating conditions for subsequent stalk pulling operations. After the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant is pierced, the straightened garlic stalks enter the garlic stalk pulling channel of the clamping and pulling device with the cooperation of the fingers and the conical guide head. The thicker garlic stalks are directly clamped and pulled upward by the concave and convex meshing roller surfaces of the two non-circular rollers, while the thinner garlic stalks are pushed into the best clamping position by the spiral ridges to complete the pulling. The pulled out garlic stalks fall horizontally into the belt conveyor and are finally sent to the storage bin.

[0033] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by adopting existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-loss garlic stalk harvester, comprising a frame equipped with a walking device (1), and a straightening and feeding device (2), a clamping and extracting device (4), a belt conveyor (5), and a storage bin (6) installed on the frame, wherein the discharge end of the straightening and feeding device is adapted to the feed end of the clamping and extracting device, the belt conveyor is located on the discharge side of the clamping and extracting device, and the discharge end of the belt conveyor extends to the storage bin, characterized in that: The frame is also provided with a rotary continuous puncture device (3) located below the straightening and feeding device, the rotary continuous puncture device (3) comprising two bases rotatably mounted on the frame, and a puncture drive mechanism for driving the two bases to rotate around a vertical axis, a needle disk (311) is coaxially fixed on the base, a plurality of puncture needle bodies (32) arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction and extending radially are fixed on the outer edge of the needle disk (311), a garlic scape plant pseudostem channel is formed between the puncture needle bodies of the two needle disks, and the width of the garlic scape plant pseudostem channel is smaller than the diameter of the garlic scape plant pseudostem.

2. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture needle body (32) is tapered, and the end of the puncture needle body away from the needle disk is a tip, and the distance between two adjacent puncture needle body tips on the same needle disk is 3-4 mm.

3. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bevel gear (31) coaxial with the needle disk is fixedly provided on the base, and the bevel gear (31) is in transmission connection with the puncture drive mechanism.

4. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and extracting device comprises two non-circular rollers (41) rotatably mounted on a frame, and a driving device for driving the two non-circular rollers to rotate. The two non-circular rollers (41) rotate in opposite directions. A garlic stalk extraction channel is formed between the two non-circular rollers. The belt conveyor (5) is located on one side above the garlic stalk extraction channel. The cross-sectional profile of the non-circular rollers is a non-circular concave-convex structure constructed by a Bezier spline curve, wherein the concave portion of one non-circular roller is periodically meshed with the convex portion of the other non-circular roller.

5. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The non-circular roller pair comprises a roller body (411) and a tapered guide head (412) fixed to the front end of the roller body, the front end of the tapered guide head (412) being a pointed end, the roller body having a taper of 0.25 degrees to 0.35 degrees in the axial direction, and the diameter of the front end of the roller body being smaller than the diameter of the rear end of the roller body.

6. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The roller surface of the roller body is fitted with spiral ridges (413), and the spiral ridges on the roller body on both sides of the garlic stalk extraction channel are arranged in a staggered manner.

7. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening and feeding device is arranged to be tilted backward, and the straightening and feeding device includes a straw separation mechanism (22), a left straw separation mechanism (23) arranged on the left side of the straw separation mechanism, and a right straw separation mechanism (21) arranged on the right side of the straw separation mechanism. The left straw separation mechanism (23) and the right straw separation mechanism (21) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the straw separation mechanism (22). Straightening and separating channels are formed between the left straw separation mechanism and the straw separation mechanism, and between the right straw separation mechanism and the straw separation mechanism, respectively. A clamping and extracting device and a rotary continuous puncture device are respectively arranged at the rear of each straw separation channel.

8. The low-loss garlic stalk harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The right rice-supporting mechanism includes a shell (235) fixed to the frame, and an annular chain (232) rotatably arranged in the shell, the two side edges of the annular chain (232) are arranged in the left and right directions, and a plurality of shifting fingers (234) arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction are installed on the annular chain, one end of the shifting finger is rotatably connected to the annular chain (232) through a vertical axis, and a guide rail (233) fixed to the shell (235) and extending in the front-back direction is provided on the left side of the annular chain, and a sliding groove adapted to the guide rail is provided on the shifting finger. When the sliding groove of the shifting finger is clamped on the guide rail, the shifting finger extends out of the shell toward the side where the rice-splitting mechanism is located, and a long hole is provided on the side of the shell for the shifting finger on the left side of the annular chain to pass through.

9. The low-loss garlic scape harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rear end wall of the long hole is located behind the guide rail, and the distance between the rear end wall of the long hole and the chain is less than the length of the finger, and the distance between the side wall of the shell away from the side where the grain separating mechanism is located and the chain is less than the length of the finger.

10. A method for using the low-loss garlic scape harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The straightening and feeding device is inserted from the root of the plant. Driven by the traveling device, the whole machine moves forward in the direction of travel, completing the gathering of garlic leaves and achieving effective separation of garlic stalks and garlic leaves. At the same time, the garlic stalks are straightened using the fingers. During the straightening process, the rotary piercing device synchronously pierces the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant at multiple points at high speed, causing some internal tissues of the garlic stalk to break. After the pseudostem of the garlic stalk plant is pierced, the straightened garlic stalk enters the garlic stalk extraction channel of the clamping and extraction device with the cooperation of the fingers and the conical guide head. The thicker garlic stalk is directly clamped and pulled upward by the concave and convex meshing roller surfaces of the two non-circular rollers, while the thinner garlic stalk is pushed into the optimal clamping position by the spiral ridges to complete the extraction. The extracted garlic stalk falls horizontally into the belt conveyor device and is finally sent to the storage bin.

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