Laser cutting device and method for steel structure production and machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and discloses a laser cutting device and method for steel structure production and machining, the laser cutting device comprises a rack and a cutting table mounted on the rack, a three-axis module is mounted on the rack, and a laser cutting head is arranged on the Z axis of the three-axis module; an anti-interference structure is arranged between the focus lens and the protective lens in the laser cutting head, and charged particles passing through the protective lens are subjected to magnetic field interception and transferred under nitrogen diversion. Through cooperation of the supporting table, the air blowing spray head, the cutting table and the sliding table, the all-around cooling function is achieved. The air blowing nozzles on the supporting table conduct air blowing cooling on the bottom of the cutting position of the steel plate, the deformation risk of the plate caused by high temperature is effectively reduced, the sawtooth strip is cooled, slag falling on the sawtooth strip is rapidly solidified, and automatic falling after brittle fracture is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a laser cutting device and method for steel structure production and processing. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial production, steel structures, due to their high strength, excellent toughness, and strong machinability, are widely used in a variety of fields, including construction, bridges, machinery manufacturing, and shipbuilding. Laser cutting technology, a key process in steel structure processing, has been widely used within the industry due to its advantages of high precision, high speed, and non-contact processing. It can cut complex shapes, reduce subsequent processing steps, and effectively improve production efficiency.

[0003] However, existing laser cutting technology for steel structures still faces many challenges. During the cutting process, steel structure plates generate a large amount of heat during laser cutting. If the heat is not dissipated in time, it is easy to cause the plate to deform, affecting the cutting quality. If the slag generated by cutting is not quickly processed, it will accumulate on the cutting table, affecting the movement accuracy and cutting continuity of the cutting head. The cooling and slag treatment effects of existing devices are often difficult to meet the needs of high-precision and high-efficiency processing. As the steel structure industry's requirements for product quality, processing efficiency and cost control continue to increase, the development of a laser cutting device that can effectively solve the above problems has important practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a laser cutting device and method for steel structure production and processing, which effectively cools the cutting area and sawtooth bar of the plate, prevents deformation of the plate, ensures cutting quality, avoids slag accumulation affecting cutting accuracy, and ensures continuous and stable cutting operations.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing, comprising a frame and a cutting table mounted on the frame, wherein a three-axis module is mounted on the frame, and a laser cutting head is provided on the Z axis of the three-axis module;

[0006] An anti-interference structure is provided inside the laser cutting head between the focusing lens and the protective lens. The charged particles passing through the protective lens are intercepted by a magnetic field and transferred under the guidance of nitrogen. The nitrogen is discharged in conjunction with a nitrogen nozzle arranged on the outside of the shell. The nitrogen is used to protect the cutting part of the laser cutting head from oxidation.

[0007] Wire grooves are provided on both sides of the frame, and support platforms are installed on both sides of the Y-axis of the three-axis module through connecting plates. The support platform moves synchronously with the Y-axis module of the three-axis module, and an air blowing nozzle is provided on the support platform to cool the bottom of the steel plate. Slides are provided at both ends of the support platform, and both slides are slidably connected to the cutting table and supply compressed air to the sawtooth bar of the cutting table, so that the slag falls on the sawtooth bar and solidifies quickly, achieving brittle fracture and falling.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-interference structure includes a honeycomb electrode arranged inside the shell, and the honeycomb electrode is located below the focusing mirror, and negative high voltage is introduced to form a strong negative electric field, which repels positive ions and adsorbs negative ions at the same time. A magnetic field ring is provided inside the shell below the honeycomb electrode, which constrains particles through the magnetic field and causes ions to move in the magnetic field. An annular air duct is provided inside the shell between the protective mirror and the magnetic field ring. The nitrogen vortex flows inside the annular air duct, and the high-speed airflow generates strong shear turbulence, so that the passing ions are pulled by the airflow.

[0009] Preferably, the honeycomb electrode is circular in design and made of high-temperature resistant material, and the laser from the laser cutting head is guided out through the honeycomb hole in the center of the honeycomb electrode.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic field ring adopts a water-cooled electromagnetic ring, and the water-cooling interface of the water-cooled electromagnetic ring and the water-cooling interface of the focusing lens are both connected to the water-cooling pipe on the shell.

[0011] Preferably, a tangentially mounted nitrogen inlet is provided on the side of the annular air duct, and nitrogen is introduced along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the annular air duct through the nitrogen inlet, so that the nitrogen vortexes along the inner wall of the annular air duct and drags the particles by the high-speed airflow. An exhaust port is provided on the annular air duct, and the exhaust port is connected to the nitrogen nozzle through a pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the cutting table includes two sliding grooves installed on the side panels of the frame and a groove beam installed on the sliding grooves, the groove beam is provided with a plurality of groups of equally spaced slots, the bottom of the slot is provided with a socket, and each socket extends into the interior of the sliding groove and is connected, the two slides are respectively arranged in the two sliding grooves, and the interior of the slide is provided with an air guide port, the gas in the through-hole beam is introduced into the sliding groove through the slide, a serrated bar is provided on the groove beam on the sliding groove, an air guide channel is provided inside the serrated bar, and interfaces for connecting the air guide channel are installed at both ends of the bottom of the serrated bar, the serrated bar is inserted into the socket of the groove beam through the interface, so that the compressed gas enters the serrated bar through the support table to cool the serrated bar.

[0013] Preferably, the support platform includes a through-hole beam A and a through-hole beam B connected by beam columns, and the laser cutting point of the laser cutting head is located in the gap between the through-hole beam A and the through-hole beam B. The air blowing nozzles are divided into two groups and are respectively installed on the through-hole beam A and the through-hole beam B, and both groups of air blowing nozzles are oblique nozzles, which use jets to cool the cutting part of the steel plate.

[0014] Preferably, the head end of the through-hole beam A is provided with a connection port for gas introduction, and two slides are respectively installed at the two ends of the through-hole beam B of the through-hole beam A, and the through-hole beam A is connected to the slide located at its end, and the through-hole beam B is connected to the slide located at its head end, so that a closed channel is formed between the through-hole beam A and the cutting table and the through-hole beam B.

[0015] Preferably, the air guide port on the slide is long and slides in the sliding groove. The air guide port is connected to multiple sockets on the sliding groove at the same time, so that the slide can cool the multiple sawtooth bars, and the laser cutting position is located in the middle of the multiple sawtooth bars. When the laser cutting head moves, the slide moves accordingly to adjust the position of cooling the sawtooth bars.

[0016] A laser cutting method for steel structure production and processing, the specific operation is as follows:

[0017] S1. Place the steel structure plate to be cut on the cutting table, and operate the three-axis module through the control system to move the laser cutting head to the starting cutting position of the plate. At this time, the Y-axis module on the three-axis module moves, which will drive the support table connected to the connecting plate to move, so that the laser cutting head is above the support table;

[0018] S2. Start the laser cutting program. The laser is output from the laser cutting head. During the cutting process, the anti-interference structure plays a role, repelling positive ions while adsorbing negative ions, and constraining particles through the magnetic field. Finally, the nitrogen vortex flow is used to pull the passing ions and output them through the exhaust port, pipe and nitrogen nozzle to prevent charged particles from interfering with the laser cutting process.

[0019] S3. As the laser cutting head moves along the cutting path, the air nozzle on the support table continuously sprays air to cool the bottom of the steel plate at the cutting point to prevent the plate from deforming due to high temperature. At the same time, the slide introduces compressed air into the cutting table to cool its local position. The slide slides with the Y-axis module on the three-axis module, so that the slide cools the laser cutting area of the cutting table, causing the slag to fall on the cutting table and solidify quickly, resulting in brittle fracture and falling.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The anti-interference structure uses the synergistic effect of honeycomb electrodes, magnetic field rings and annular air ducts to absorb positive ions, repel negative ions and guide electron beams using a negative high-voltage electric field. It uses the magnetic field to constrain charged particles and compress the plasma cloud. It combines with nitrogen vortex flow to form an inert gas barrier, thereby reducing the bombardment and contamination of particles on the lens, reducing laser energy scattering, inhibiting metal oxidation, and ensuring cutting accuracy and equipment stability.

[0022] (2) The design of the annular air duct and nitrogen nozzle with anti-interference structure optimizes the utilization efficiency of nitrogen. Nitrogen forms a vortex flow through the tangential inlet of the annular air duct, throwing heavy metal vapor particles to the outer wall of the air duct, so that the clean air flow is concentrated in the inner cavity and ejected from the nitrogen nozzle through the exhaust port through the pipe, forming an inert gas barrier on the surface of the cutting position, effectively inhibiting the high-temperature metal oxidation reaction, improving the anti-oxidation protection effect of the cutting point, and improving the surface quality and corrosion resistance of the steel structure after cutting. At the same time, the air flow containing residual ions is directly guided to the cutting point, realizing effective ion transfer while reducing nitrogen waste, reducing gas usage costs, and improving the economic efficiency of the device operation.

[0023] (3) The cooperation between the support table, the air-blowing nozzle, the cutting table and the slide table realizes a full range of cooling functions. The air-blowing nozzle on the support table sprays air to cool the bottom of the steel plate at the cutting point, effectively reducing the risk of deformation of the plate due to high temperature. At the same time, the support table introduces compressed air into the cutting table through the slide table to cool the saw teeth, so that the slag falling on the saw teeth quickly solidifies and automatically falls off after brittle fracture, keeping the cutting table clean and avoiding slag accumulation that affects the movement accuracy and cutting quality of the cutting head, ensuring continuous and stable cutting operations. In addition, cooling the saw teeth can also extend their service life and reduce the cost of replacing equipment consumables.

[0024] (4) The slide only supplies compressed air to the sawtooth bars in the corresponding areas in front and behind the laser cutting head, which reduces the consumption of compressed air compared to the traditional full-area air supply. The Y-axis of the three-axis module will drive the support table to move, and the air guide port of the slide will automatically dock with the sliding slot socket to achieve fully automated control of "cutting head movement-cooling position following", reducing the need for manual intervention. When the laser cutting head moves according to the preset trajectory, the cooling area moves synchronously and covers the front and rear range of the cutting path, ensuring temperature control throughout the cutting process without the need for manual preset cooling points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the connecting plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the laser cutting head of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-interference structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting table structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support platform structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cutting table of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the trough beam of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Cutting table; 3. Three-axis module; 4. Laser cutting head; 5. Wire trough; 6. Support table; 7. Air blow nozzle; 8. Slide; 9. Connecting plate; 41. Shell; 42. Focusing mirror; 43. Protective mirror; 44. Anti-interference structure; 45. Nitrogen nozzle; 441. Honeycomb electrode; 442. Magnetic field ring; 443. Annular air duct; 21. Sliding groove; 22. Slot beam; 23. Slot; 24. Jack; 25. Sawtooth bar; 26. Air guide channel; 27. Interface; 61. Through-hole beam A; 62. Through-hole beam B; 63. Connecting port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, the present disclosure omits detailed descriptions of known functions and known components to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing selects a stable frame 1 as the basic support structure of the entire laser cutting device, and accurately installs the cutting table 2 on the frame 1 to ensure that the installation position of the cutting table 2 is flat and stable to ensure the stability of subsequent cutting operations.

[0036] Install the three-axis module 3 on the frame 1, strictly following the installation specifications and requirements to ensure that the motion accuracy of each axis of the three-axis module 3 meets the design standards. Securely install the laser cutting head 4 on the Z axis of the three-axis module 3 and accurately calibrate its installation position to ensure that the laser cutting head 4 can accurately align with the cutting position during the cutting process.

[0037] See Figure 3The protective mirror 43 and focusing mirror 42 inside the shell 41 of the laser cutting head 4 are of existing technology. The honeycomb electrode 441 is installed below the focusing mirror 42. The honeycomb electrode 441 adopts a circular design and is made of high-temperature resistant materials to ensure that it can withstand high-temperature environments during the laser cutting process. At the same time, it ensures that the laser of the laser cutting head 4 can be smoothly exported through the honeycomb hole in the center of the honeycomb electrode 441 without affecting the normal transmission and cutting effect of the laser. A negative high voltage of -5 to -10kV is applied to the honeycomb electrode 441 to form a strong electric field. The electric field adsorbs the positive ions splashed from the cutting pool to the electrode surface. The negative ions are driven by the repulsive force of the electric field and accelerated to the cutting pool area, reducing the probability of ion bombardment of the focusing mirror 42. At the same time, the electron beam is guided to move in a directional manner towards the cutting area to avoid scattered electrons damaging the optical lens. The stability and accuracy of laser transmission are guaranteed, thereby greatly improving the cutting accuracy, making the cutting size of steel structure plates more accurate, and reducing material waste and rework caused by cutting errors.

[0038] A magnetic field ring 442 is installed inside the shell 41 below the honeycomb electrode 441. The magnetic field ring 442 adopts a water-cooled electromagnetic ring. Its water-cooling interface and the water-cooling interface of the focusing mirror 42 are connected to the water-cooling pipe on the shell 41 to build a complete water-cooling circulation system, which effectively reduces the temperature of the magnetic field ring 442 and the focusing mirror 42 during operation and ensures their stable performance. The axial magnetic field formed by the magnetic field ring 442 forces the charged particles to perform spiral motion, compresses the plasma cloud size, and reduces the laser energy scattering. The gradient magnetic field magnetizes and adsorbs the ferromagnetic particles evaporated from the molten pool, reducing the risk of lens contamination. The Lorentz force generated by the magnetic field changes the trajectory of electrons to prevent them from being reflected back into the laser resonant cavity. It reduces laser energy scattering, improves laser energy utilization, and significantly improves cutting efficiency. At the same time, it adsorbs ferromagnetic particles, reduces the risk of lens contamination, extends the service life of optical lenses, reduces equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0039] See Figure 4 An annular air duct 443 is installed inside the housing 41 between the protective lens 43 and the magnetic field ring 442. A tangentially mounted nitrogen inlet is provided on the side of the annular air duct 443 to ensure that nitrogen can be introduced through the inlet along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the annular air duct 443, forming a vortex flow within the annular air duct 443. Heavy metal vapor particles are flung toward the outer wall of the air duct by centrifugal force, while the clean airflow is concentrated in the inner cavity. The nitrogen from the nozzle covers the surface of the molten pool, forming an inert gas barrier, which suppresses the high-temperature metal oxidation reaction.

[0040] At the same time, an exhaust port is set on the annular air duct 443, and the exhaust port is connected to the nitrogen nozzle 45 through a pipe to achieve effective transfer of ions and anti-oxidation protection of the cutting point; the air flow containing residual ions and microparticles is directly guided to the cutting point, and the cutting position is protected from oxidation by nitrogen, reducing nitrogen waste.

[0041] See Figure 5 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 Install two sliding slots 21 on the side panels of the frame 1, ensuring that the slots 21 are accurately positioned, flat, and parallel to the required position. Install the channel beam 22 on the sliding slots 21. Create several sets of equally spaced slots 23 on the channel beam 22, and set up sockets 24 at the bottom of the slots 23. Ensure that each socket 24 extends into the interior of the sliding slot 21 and is connected, providing a channel for the installation of the sawtooth bar 25 and gas transmission.

[0042] The sawtooth bar 25 is installed on the groove beam 22. An air guide channel 26 is provided inside the sawtooth bar 25. Interfaces 27 for connecting to the air guide channel 26 are installed at both ends of the bottom of the sawtooth bar 25. By inserting the interface 27 into the socket 24 of the groove beam 22, a stable connection between the sawtooth bar 25 and the cutting table 2 is achieved. At the same time, it is ensured that compressed gas can smoothly enter the sawtooth bar 25 to cool it; it quickly solidifies under the action of rapid cooling, achieves brittle fracture and then automatically falls off, reducing the possibility of slag adhesion, keeping the cutting table 2 clean, and ensuring continuous and stable cutting operations.

[0043] Connect the support platform 6 to both sides of the Y-axis of the three-axis module 3 through the connecting plate 9, and guide the connecting plate 9 into the wire groove 5 on both sides of the frame 1 to ensure that the support platform 6 can move synchronously with the Y-axis module of the three-axis module 3;

[0044] See Figure 6 The support platform 6 is formed by a through-hole beam A 61 and a through-hole beam B 62 connected by beam columns. The air-blowing nozzles 7 are divided into two groups, mounted on the through-hole beam A 61 and the through-hole beam B 62 respectively. Both groups of air-blowing nozzles 7 adopt an oblique nozzle design to ensure that the cutting area of the steel plate can be effectively cooled by air jets. A connection port 63 for gas introduction is provided at the head end of the through-hole beam A 61. Two slides 8 are mounted at the ends of the through-hole beam A 61 and the through-hole beam B 62 respectively. It is ensured that the through-hole beam A 61 is connected to the slide 8 at its end, and the through-hole beam B 62 is connected to the slide 8 at its head end. This forms a closed channel between the through-hole beam A 61, the cutting platform 2, and the through-hole beam B 62, realizing the circulation and effective utilization of gas.

[0045] The slide 8 is respectively arranged inside the two sliding grooves 21 to ensure that the internal air guide port of the slide 8 can be accurately connected with the socket 24 on the sliding groove 21, and the air guide port on the slide 8 is long and can slide in the sliding groove 21, and at the same time be connected with multiple sockets 24 on the sliding groove 21 to achieve cooling of multiple sawtooth bars 25, and ensure that as the Y-axis module of the three-axis module 3 moves, the slide 8 can move accordingly, so that the laser cutting head 4 is always on the support platform 6, so that the slides 8 on both sides of the support platform 6 slide on the sliding groove 21, so that when the three-axis module 3 moves the laser cutting head 4, the slide 8 always cools down the multiple sawtooth bars 25 issued by the laser cutting head 4.

[0046] The support table 6 and the cutting table 2 are designed and connected by a slide 8, so that when the three-axis module 3 drives the laser cutting head 4, the Y-axis module of the three-axis module 3 will drive the support table 6 to move, so that the support table 6 is always under the laser cutting head 4, so that the air blowing nozzle 7 on the support table 6 can cool the bottom of the steel plate cutting area, and at the same time, the support table 6 introduces compressed gas into multiple sawtooth bars 25 through the slide 8, and the several sawtooth bars 25 corresponding to the slide 8 are the front and rear positions corresponding to the laser cutting head 4, so that the laser cutting head 4 automatically adjusts and controls the position of the cooled sawtooth bars 25 during movement, avoiding that all the sawtooth bars 25 are fed with compressed gas, and the Y-axis module of the three-axis module 3 will drive the support table 6 to move, thereby completing the position adjustment of the air blowing nozzle 7 and the position control of the compressed air introduced into the sawtooth bars 25, reducing resource waste.

[0047] The operation method of the laser cutting device is as follows:

[0048] 1. Cutting preparation stage

[0049] The steel structure plate to be cut is placed stably on the cutting table 2. The three-axis module 3 is activated through the control system. According to the pre-set cutting starting coordinates, the axes of the three-axis module 3 are precisely controlled to move in coordination, so that the laser cutting head 4 moves smoothly to the starting cutting position of the plate. During this process, the Y-axis module of the three-axis module 3 drives the connecting plate 9 to move synchronously, and then the support platform 6 connected to the connecting plate 9 moves accordingly, ensuring that the laser cutting head 4 is always in the appropriate position above the support platform 6. At the same time, the status of components such as the air blowing nozzle 7 and the slide 8 on the support platform 6 are checked to ensure that they are working properly.

[0050] 2. Cutting process stage

[0051] When the laser cutting program is started, the laser generator generates a high-energy laser beam, which is transmitted and focused by the optical lens focusing mirror 42 and protective mirror 43 inside the laser cutting head 4, and then guided out from the honeycomb hole in the center of the honeycomb electrode 441 and accurately shot to the cutting position of the steel structure plate.

[0052] During the laser cutting process, the anti-interference structure 44 is activated synchronously and plays a key role. A negative high voltage of -5 to -10 kV is applied to the honeycomb electrode 441, creating a strong negative electric field that reduces ion bombardment on the focusing mirror 42. The axial magnetic field generated by the magnetic field ring 442 forces charged particles into a spiral motion, further reducing the risk of lens contamination. A nitrogen inlet on the side of the annular air duct 443 continuously introduces nitrogen, capturing ions and ejecting them through the exhaust port and pipe from the nitrogen nozzle 45, forming an inert gas barrier on the cutting surface.

[0053] 3. Cutting cooling

[0054] Driven by the three-axis module 3, the laser cutting head 4 moves along a preset cutting path. Meanwhile, the support platform 6, connected to the connecting plate 9, is always positioned below the laser cutting head 4. Compressed gas is introduced into the through-hole beam A 61 on the support platform 6. The compressed gas continuously sprays high-pressure gas toward the bottom of the steel plate cutting area through the oblique air-blowing nozzle 7 on the through-hole beam A 61. Simultaneously, the through-hole beam A 61 introduces compressed air into the cutting table 2 through the connected slide 8. The compressed gas is then introduced into the corresponding sawtooth bar 25 through the sliding groove 21 on one side of the cutting table 2 and the multiple sockets 24 on the channel beam 22. The compressed gas is then introduced from the air guide channel 26 of the sawtooth bar 25 into the sliding groove 21 on the other side of the cutting table 2. The compressed gas is then introduced into another connected slide 8 through the sliding groove 21 and the multiple sockets 24 on the channel beam 22. Finally, the compressed gas is introduced into the through-hole beam B 62. The oblique air-blowing nozzle 7 on the through-hole beam B 62 continuously sprays high-pressure gas toward the bottom of the steel plate cutting area, forcing the cutting area to cool down, reducing the risk of plate deformation due to high temperature, and ensuring cutting dimensional accuracy. When the slag falls on the sawtooth bar 25, it solidifies quickly due to the rapid cooling effect, and automatically falls off after brittle fracture, thereby keeping the cutting table 2 clean and ensuring that the cutting operation is carried out continuously and stably.

[0055] 4. End of cutting

[0056] Equipment shutdown: When the laser cutting head 4 completes its cutting task, the control system immediately shuts down the laser cutting program, stops laser output, and turns off the laser generator power. The three-axis module 3 is manipulated to move the laser cutting head 4 along a safe path to a preset safe position, and the three-axis module 3 drive power is turned off.

[0057] Equipment Cleaning and Maintenance: Use specialized tools to clean slag, waste, and dust from the cutting table 2. Inspect the sawtooth bar 25 and replace any damaged parts. Clean the support table 6 and slide 8, inspect any moving parts for binding and loose connections, and repair and tighten them. Open the laser cutting head 4, clean the interior, and inspect the optical lens for cleanliness and integrity. Check the water cooling system for leaks and blockages, and replenish coolant. Inspect the gas supply system pipes and valves. Inspect the electrical system wiring and components, replacing any aging or damaged parts to prepare for the next operation.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing, characterized by: It comprises a frame (1) and a cutting table (2) mounted on the frame (1); a three-axis module (3) is mounted on the frame (1), and a laser cutting head (4) is provided on the Z axis of the three-axis module (3); An anti-interference structure (44) is provided inside the laser cutting head (4) between the focusing mirror (42) and the protective mirror (43), which intercepts the charged particles passing through the protective mirror (43) with a magnetic field and transfers them under the guidance of nitrogen, and cooperates with a nitrogen nozzle (45) provided on the outside of the housing (41) to guide the charged particles out, thereby protecting the cutting part of the laser cutting head (4) from oxidation by the nitrogen. Both sides of the frame (1) are provided with wire grooves (5), and both sides of the Y-axis of the three-axis module (3) are introduced from the wire grooves (5) on both sides of the frame (1) through connecting plates (9) and are equipped with support platforms (6), so that the support platforms (6) move synchronously with the Y-axis module of the three-axis module (3), and an air blowing nozzle (7) for cooling the bottom of the steel plate is provided on the support platform (6). Both ends of the support platform (6) are provided with slides (8), and the two slides (8) are slidably connected to the cutting table (2) and supply compressed air to the sawtooth bar of the cutting table (2), so that the slag falls on the sawtooth bar and solidifies quickly, achieving brittle fracture and falling.

2. A laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-interference structure (44) includes a honeycomb electrode (441) arranged inside the shell (41), and the honeycomb electrode (441) is located below the focusing mirror (42) and is fed with negative high voltage to form a strong negative electric field, which repels positive ions and adsorbs negative ions at the same time. A magnetic field ring (442) is provided inside the shell (41) below the honeycomb electrode (441), which constrains particles through the magnetic field and causes ions to move in the magnetic field. An annular air duct (443) is provided inside the shell (41) between the protective mirror (43) and the magnetic field ring (442). Nitrogen vortex flows inside the annular air duct (443), and the high-speed airflow generates strong shear turbulence, so that the passing ions are pulled by the airflow.

3. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The honeycomb electrode (441) is circular in design and made of high-temperature resistant material, and the laser of the laser cutting head (4) is guided out through the honeycomb hole in the center of the honeycomb electrode (441).

4. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic field ring (442) is a water-cooled electromagnetic ring, and the water-cooling interface of the water-cooled electromagnetic ring and the water-cooling interface of the focusing lens (42) are both connected to the water-cooling pipe on the housing (41).

5. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A tangentially mounted nitrogen inlet is provided on the side of the annular air duct (443), and nitrogen is introduced along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the annular air duct (443) through the nitrogen inlet, so that the nitrogen vortexes along the inner wall of the annular air duct (443) and drags particles through the high-speed airflow. An exhaust port is provided on the annular air duct (443), and the exhaust port is connected to the nitrogen nozzle (45) through a pipeline.

6. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting table (2) comprises two sliding grooves (21) mounted on the side panels of the frame (1) and a groove beam (22) mounted on the sliding grooves (21), the groove beam (22) is provided with a plurality of slots (23) distributed at equal intervals, the bottom of the slots (23) is provided with a socket (24), and each socket (24) extends into the interior of the sliding groove (21) and is connected, the two slides (8) are respectively arranged in the interior of the two sliding grooves (21), and the interior of the slide (8) is provided with an air guide port, and the air in the through-hole beam (61) is The body is introduced into the sliding groove (21) through the sliding table (8), the groove beam (22) on the sliding groove (21) is provided with a sawtooth bar (25), the interior of the sawtooth bar (25) is provided with an air guide channel (26), and both ends of the bottom of the sawtooth bar (25) are installed with interfaces (27) for connecting with the air guide channel (26), the sawtooth bar (25) is inserted into the insertion hole (24) of the groove beam (22) through the interface (27), so that the compressed gas enters the sawtooth bar (25) through the support table (6), and the sawtooth bar (25) is cooled.

7. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support platform (6) comprises an A through-hole beam (61) and a B through-hole beam (62) connected by a beam column, and the laser cutting point of the laser cutting head (4) is located in the gap between the A through-hole beam (61) and the B through-hole beam (62). The air blowing nozzles (7) are divided into two groups and are respectively installed on the A through-hole beam (61) and the B through-hole beam (62). Both groups of air blowing nozzles (7) are oblique nozzles, which perform air jet cooling on the cutting part of the steel plate.

8. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The head end of the through-hole beam A (61) is provided with a connection port (63) for gas introduction, and two slides (8) are respectively installed at the two ends of the through-hole beam B (62) of the through-hole beam A (61), and the through-hole beam A (61) is connected to the slide (8) located at the end thereof, while the through-hole beam B (62) is connected to the slide (8) located at the head end thereof, so that a closed channel is formed between the through-hole beam A (61) and the cutting table (2) and the through-hole beam B (62).

9. The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air guide port on the slide (8) is in the shape of an elongated strip and slides in the slide groove (21). The air guide port is simultaneously connected to a plurality of jacks (24) on the slide groove (21), so that the slide (8) cools the plurality of sawtooth bars (25), and the laser cutting position is located in the middle of the plurality of sawtooth bars (25). When the laser cutting head (4) moves, the slide (8) moves accordingly, and the position of cooling the sawtooth bars (25) is adjusted.

10. A laser cutting method for steel structure production and processing, characterized in that: The laser cutting device for steel structure production and processing according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the specific operations are as follows: S1. Place the steel structure plate to be cut on the cutting table (2), and operate the three-axis module (3) through the control system to move the laser cutting head (4) to the starting cutting position of the plate. At this time, during the movement of the Y-axis module on the three-axis module (3), the support table (6) connected to the connecting plate (9) will be driven to move, so that the laser cutting head (4) is located above the support table (6); S2. Start the laser cutting program, and the laser is led out from the laser cutting head (4). During the cutting process, the anti-interference structure (44) plays a role, repels the positive ions and absorbs the negative ions, and constrains the particles through the magnetic field. Finally, the nitrogen vortex flow is used to pull the passing ions and lead them out through the exhaust port through the pipeline and the nitrogen nozzle (45), so as to prevent the charged particles from interfering with the laser cutting process. S3. As the laser cutting head (4) moves along the cutting path, the air blowing nozzle (7) on the support table (6) continuously sprays air to cool the bottom of the steel plate at the cutting position to prevent the plate from deforming due to high temperature. At the same time, the slide (8) introduces compressed air into the cutting table (2) to cool the local position thereof. The slide (8) slides along with the Y-axis module on the three-axis module (3), so that the slide (8) cools the laser cutting position of the cutting table (2), causing the slag to fall on the cutting table (2) and solidify quickly, achieving brittle fracture and falling.

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