A multifunctional polishing machine and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of polishing machines, and specifically discloses a multifunctional polishing machine and a method for using the same, comprising a chassis, a liquid storage chamber provided on the top of the chassis, a turntable provided in the liquid storage chamber, a polishing cloth adhered to the turntable, and a rectangular tube fixed on the top of the chassis. When a heavy hammer presses down on a metallographic sample by gravity, the friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth increases, which is beneficial to polishing. When the heavy hammer no longer presses down on the metallographic sample, the metallographic sample is driven away from the polishing cloth under the rebound force of a first spring. Alternating gravity pressing and polishing can be beneficial to heat dissipation of the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, avoiding a sudden rise in local temperature due to increased friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, thereby avoiding softening, thermal deformation or microcracks on the surface of the metallographic sample. Alternating gravity pressing and polishing can also avoid excessive wear of the polishing cloth, ensuring uniform wear of the polishing cloth, thereby improving the polishing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polishing machines, and in particular to a multifunctional polishing machine and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polishing is a machining process that uses mechanical, chemical, or electrochemical processes to reduce surface roughness to achieve a bright, smooth surface. Polishing is a crucial step in the preparation of metallographic specimens. It not only removes wear marks and deformation layers, improves observation quality, and prepares for corrosion treatment, but also directly impacts the final analytical results. Therefore, during metallographic specimen preparation, polishing must be given sufficient attention and the correct process and operating methods must be employed to ensure a high-quality specimen surface.

[0003] Publication No. CN217097170U discloses a metallographic sample polishing machine, which can not only reduce the workload of operators but also improve the polishing quality.

[0004] Publication number CN221270738U discloses a metallographic automatic polishing device. The rotating disk, micro servo motor and displacement rod can rotate the polishing workpiece simply and accurately, reducing manual operation. It not only lowers the threshold for using the polishing machine, but also reduces safety hazards.

[0005] The above two patents propose that when using existing metallographic sample polishing machines, the metallographic sample is usually polished manually by hand, which leads to high labor intensity of manual hands. Therefore, a clamp for the metallographic sample is provided to replace the manual hand-holding method. However, the following problems still exist during use:

[0006] 1. When the fixture is in use, the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth are under constant pressure, which leads to increased friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, and a sudden rise in local temperature. The high temperature may soften or cause thermal deformation of the surface of soft metals (such as aluminum and copper alloys), and micro cracks may appear in hard alloys.

[0007] 2. When the fixture is in use, there is a constant pressure between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth. The continuous high pressure accelerates the wear of the polishing cloth, causing local excessive wear of the polishing cloth (such as a depression in the center);

[0008] 3. When the fixture is in use, the metallographic sample cannot rotate. If the metallographic sample does not rotate, the friction and heat will be concentrated in certain areas during the polishing process, which may easily lead to local overheating, thus affecting the polishing effect. In addition, uneven friction may easily lead to tailing, affecting the appearance of the sample and the accuracy of the analysis results.

[0009] 4. When the fixture is in use, a specific position of the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth is polished, resulting in insufficient utilization of other positions of the polishing cloth. Summary of the Invention

[0010] (1) Purpose of the invention

[0011] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a multifunctional polishing machine, the technical problems to be solved are: when the clamp is in use, a continuous and constant pressure is placed between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, which leads to increased friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, a sudden rise in local temperature, and a high temperature that may soften the surface of soft metals (such as aluminum and copper alloys) or produce thermal deformation, and microcracks may appear in hard alloys; when the clamp is in use, a continuous and constant pressure is placed between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, and the continuous high pressure accelerates the wear of the polishing cloth, causing local excessive loss of the polishing cloth (such as central depression); when the clamp is in use, the metallographic sample cannot rotate on its own. If the metallographic sample does not rotate on its own, friction and heat are concentrated in certain areas during the polishing process, which can easily lead to local overheating, thereby affecting the polishing effect, and uneven friction is more likely to lead to tailing, affecting the aesthetics of the sample and the accuracy of the analysis results; when the clamp is in use, a specific position of the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth is polished, resulting in insufficient utilization of other positions of the polishing cloth.

[0012] (2) Technical solution

[0013] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a multifunctional polishing machine:

[0014] The cam is provided with a toothed plate, and the toothed plate is provided with a toothed plate, and the toothed plate is provided with a toothed plate.

[0015] Preferably, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two cylindrical rods. A first spring is sleeved outside the cylindrical rods. One end of the first spring abuts against the second ear plate, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the bottom plate.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a plurality of cylinders slidably fitted inside the annular plate. An extrusion block is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder extending into the annular plate. A hemispherical block is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder extending outside the annular plate. A second spring is sleeved outside the cylinder. One end of the second spring abuts against the hemispherical block, and the other end of the second spring abuts against the annular plate.

[0017] Preferably, an external thread sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular plate. An internal thread cylinder is threadedly connected to the outside of the external thread sleeve. A tapered groove is formed in the inner wall of the top of the internal thread cylinder. The tapered groove can squeeze the hemispherical block and drive the hemispherical block to move. The vertical section diameter of the tapered groove gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0018] Preferably, a lead screw is rotatably connected inside the stroke groove. The lead screw penetrates through the C-shaped plate and is threadedly connected to the C-shaped plate. A first motor is installed on one side of the rectangular frame. One end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. A limiting groove is formed in the top of the rectangular frame. The limiting groove is communicated with the stroke groove. A limiting block is fixedly connected to the C-shaped plate. The limiting block is slidably fitted inside the limiting groove.

[0019] Preferably, a first toothed plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the rectangular frame. A first gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder body. The first gear is meshed with the first toothed plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the C-shaped plate. A second gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. The first gear is meshed with the second gear.

[0020] Preferably, the control assembly includes an incomplete gear fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft. Two vertical plates are fixedly connected to the top of the C-shaped plate. A rectangular guide plate is fixedly connected between the two vertical plates. A second toothed plate is slidably connected to the outside of the rectangular guide plate. The incomplete gear is meshed with the second toothed plate. One end of the second toothed plate is fixedly connected to a steel wire rope. The steel wire rope penetrates through the cylinder body and slides inside the cylinder body. One end of the steel wire rope away from the second toothed plate is fixedly connected to a shaft rod. The shaft rod is rotatably connected to the heavy weight hammer. Two guide blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outside of the heavy weight hammer. The guide blocks are slidably fitted outside the corresponding cylindrical rods.

[0021] Preferably, a bolt is threadedly connected inside the rectangular cylinder. Two positioning holes are formed in the rectangular plate. The bolt can be embedded into the positioning holes. A water tap is installed on the top of the machine box. One end of the water tap is fixedly connected and communicated with a water distribution pipe. A plurality of drip pipes are fixedly connected and communicated to the bottom of the water distribution pipe.

[0022] Preferably, a liquid separation chamber and an inner cavity are provided in the chassis, a second motor is installed in the inner cavity, a rotating rod is fixed to the bottom of the turntable, the rotating rod passes through the chassis and is rotatably connected to the chassis, the bottom of the rotating rod is fixed to the output end of the second motor, a plurality of leakage holes for connecting the liquid storage chamber and the liquid separation chamber are provided in the chassis, a drain pipe is installed on the rear side of the chassis, and the drain pipe is connected to the liquid separation chamber.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for using the polishing machine, which uses the multifunctional polishing machine, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: First, hold the internal threaded barrel and move it upward to drive the annular plate upward. When the annular plate moves upward, it drives the bracket and the second ear plate upward. When the second ear plate no longer compresses the first spring, place the metallographic sample in the annular plate.

[0025] Step 2: Rotate the internal thread barrel to move it upward on the outside of the external thread sleeve. When the internal thread barrel moves upward, the conical groove squeezes the hemispherical block and drives the hemispherical block, the cylinder, and the squeeze block to move, so that the multiple squeeze blocks approach the metallographic sample and clamp the metallographic sample;

[0026] Step 3: Start the second motor and the first motor. The second motor will drive the rotating rod, the rotating disk, and the polishing cloth to rotate. The first motor will drive the lead screw to rotate. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the profile plate to move back and forth on the lead screw. When the profile plate moves, it drives the first gear to move. When the first gear moves, under the action of the first tooth plate, the first gear will rotate. When the first gear rotates, it drives the cylinder, the first connecting disk, the first ear plate, the cylindrical rod, the second ear plate, and the bracket to rotate successively, thereby driving the annular plate and the metallographic sample inside it to rotate, that is, the polishing cloth rotates to polish the bottom of the metallographic sample. At the same time, the metallographic sample can rotate on the polishing cloth for polishing, and the metallographic sample can move back and forth on the radius of the polishing cloth when it rotates;

[0027] When the gear shifts to the left, the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the left, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the left, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the left, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the left, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the left, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the second gear shifts to the right, and the

[0028] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. When the incomplete gear rotates and drives the second tooth plate to move, the second tooth plate will pull the wire rope and drive the heavy hammer to move upward. At this time, the metallographic sample is driven upward under the rebound force of the first spring, so that the metallographic sample leaves the surface of the polishing cloth. When the incomplete gear rotates to separate from the second tooth plate, it will move downward under the action of the gravity of the heavy hammer. When the heavy hammer falls on the second connecting plate, it drives the metallographic sample downward. At this time, the weight of the heavy hammer is pressed on the metallographic sample, which increases the friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, so that the metallographic sample can be polished on the polishing cloth. The heavy hammer moves up and down reciprocatingly. When the gravity of the heavy hammer presses on the metallographic sample, the metallographic sample The friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth increases, which is beneficial to polishing. When the heavy hammer no longer presses the metallographic sample, the metallographic sample is driven away from the polishing cloth under the rebound force of the first spring, so that the metallographic sample is alternately in contact with the polishing cloth. Alternating gravity pressing polishing and no pressing can be beneficial to heat dissipation of the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, avoiding local temperature rise due to increased friction between the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth, thereby avoiding softening, thermal deformation or microcracks on the surface of the metallographic sample. Alternating gravity pressing polishing and no pressing can also avoid excessive wear of the polishing cloth, ensure uniform wear of the polishing cloth, and thus improve the polishing effect.

[0030] 2. When the first gear rotates, it drives the cylinder, the first connecting plate, the first ear plate, the cylindrical rod, the second ear plate, the bracket, the annular plate and the metallographic sample to rotate, and the polishing cloth rotates to polish the bottom of the metallographic sample. At the same time, the metallographic sample can rotate on the polishing cloth for polishing, avoiding the concentration of friction and heat in certain areas during the polishing process, thereby helping to reduce the phenomenon of local over-polishing or uneven polishing, and can obtain a smoother and more delicate surface effect.

[0031] 3. Starting the first motor will drive the lead screw to rotate. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the mold plate to move back and forth on the lead screw. When the mold plate moves, it can drive the cylinder, the first connecting plate, the first ear plate, the cylindrical rod, the second ear plate, the bracket, the annular plate and the metallographic sample to move, so that the metallographic sample can move back and forth on the radius of the polishing cloth, so that the surface of the polishing cloth can be fully utilized.

[0032] 4. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the movement of the mold plate, and then drives the metallographic sample to move on the radius of the polishing cloth, so that the surface of the polishing cloth can be polished, which improves the utilization rate of the polishing cloth. When the mold plate moves, the action of the first tooth plate can drive the first gear and the cylinder inside it to rotate, and then drive the metallographic sample to rotate. The metallographic sample rotates in the process of moving along the radius of the polishing cloth, so that the position of the metallographic sample in contact with the polishing cloth is also different during rotation, which makes the polishing more uniform. In addition, when the first gear rotates, it can also drive the second gear and the incomplete gear to rotate, and then drive the heavy hammer to move up and down, so that the weight of the heavy hammer acts alternately on the metallographic sample, so that the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth are alternately polished by gravity and not pressed, which can avoid damage and excessive wear of the metallographic sample and the polishing cloth.

[0033] 5. Since the shaft and the weight hammer are rotationally connected, when the cylinder, the first connecting plate, the first ear plate, the cylindrical rod, and the second ear plate rotate, the weight hammer will be driven to rotate. At this time, the weight hammer is located at the bottom of the shaft and rotates, that is, the shaft can remain relatively stationary and does not rotate with the weight hammer, thereby avoiding the rotation of the weight hammer and causing the wire rope to twist. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional polishing machine provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a multifunctional polishing machine provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The present invention provides Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 4 The present invention provides Figure 2 Another perspective diagram of the structure;

[0039] Figure 5 The present invention provides Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 6 The present invention provides Figure 2Schematic cross-section of the local structure;

[0041] Figure 7 The present invention provides Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0042] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a local structure of a multifunctional polishing machine provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 The present invention provides Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle;

[0044] Figure 10 The present invention provides a schematic side cross-sectional structural diagram of a multifunctional polishing machine.

[0045] Description of the drawings: 1. Chassis; 2. Liquid storage chamber; 3. Turntable; 4. Polishing cloth; 5. Rectangular cylinder; 6. Rectangular plate; 7. Connecting shaft; 8. Rectangular frame; 9. Travel groove; 10. Shaped plate; 11. Cylinder; 12. First connecting plate; 13. First ear plate; 14. Cylindrical rod; 15. Second connecting plate; 16. Second ear plate; 17. Bracket; 18. Annular plate; 19. Metallographic sample; 20. Bottom plate; 21. First spring; 22. Lead screw; 23. First motor; 24. Limiting groove; 25. First tooth plate; 26. First gear; 27. Rotating shaft; 28 , second gear; 29. ​​Incomplete gear; 30. Rectangular guide plate; 31. Second gear plate; 32. Wire rope; 33. Heavy hammer; 34. Guide block; 35. Cylinder; 36. Extrusion block; 37. Hemispherical block; 38. Second spring; 39. External threaded sleeve; 40. Internal threaded barrel; 41. Conical groove; 42. Bolt; 43. Positioning hole; 44. Liquid separation chamber; 45. Inner chamber; 46. Second motor; 47. Rotating rod; 48. Drain pipe; 49. Faucet; 50. Water distribution pipe; 51. Vertical plate; 52. Limit block; 53. Shaft; 54. Leakage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following description is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, its applications, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, identical or similar reference numerals indicate identical or similar parts and features. The drawings merely schematically illustrate the concepts and principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not necessarily depict the specific dimensions and proportions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. Certain portions of certain drawings may be exaggerated to illustrate relevant details or structures of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] See Figures 1 to 10As shown in the figure, a multifunctional polishing machine includes a machine case 1. A liquid storage cavity 2 is formed at the top of the machine case 1. A turntable 3 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity 2, and a polishing cloth 4 is adhered to the turntable 3. A rectangular cylinder 5 is fixed to the top of the machine case 1. A rectangular plate 6 is slidably connected in the rectangular cylinder 5. A connecting shaft 7 is fixed to the top of the rectangular plate 6. One end of the connecting shaft 7 away from the rectangular plate 6 is fixed with a rectangular frame 8. A travel groove 9 is formed in the rectangular frame 8. A U-shaped plate 10 is slidably connected in the travel groove 9. A cylinder 11 is rotatably connected in the U-shaped plate 10. A first connection disk 12 is fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the cylinder 11. Two first ear plates 13 are symmetrically fixed to the outer side of the first connection disk 12. A cylindrical rod 14 is fixed to the bottom of the first ear plate 13. A second ear plate 16 is slidably connected to the outer side of the cylindrical rod 14. A second connection disk 15 is jointly fixed to the side of the two second ear plates 16 close to each other. A bracket 17 is fixed to the side of the two second ear plates 16 away from each other. A ring plate 18 is jointly fixed to the bottoms of the two brackets 17. A metallographic sample 19 is arranged in the ring plate 18. A clamping component for clamping and fixing the metallographic sample 19 is arranged in the ring plate 18. A control component for alternately pressing the metallographic sample 19 with force is arranged on the U-shaped plate ........

[0048] Among them, a bottom plate 20 is jointly fixed to the bottoms of the two cylindrical rods 14. A first spring 21 is sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical rod 14. One end of the first spring 21 abuts against the second ear plate ........

[0049] Specifically, the clamping component includes a plurality of cylinders 35 slidably fitted in the ring plate 18. An extrusion block 36 is fixed to one end of the cylinder 35 extending into the ring plate 18. A hemispherical block 37 is fixed to one end of the cylinder 35 extending out of the ring plate 18. A second spring 38 is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder.........

[0050] When in use, first hold the internal threaded barrel 40 and move it upward to drive the annular plate 18 to move upward. When the annular plate 18 moves upward, it drives the bracket 17 and the second ear plate 16 to move upward. When the second ear plate 16 no longer compresses the first spring 21, the metallographic sample 19 is placed in the annular plate 18. At this time, the bottom of the metallographic sample 19 emerges from the bottom of the annular plate 18, and the bottom of the metallographic sample 19 is in contact with the surface of the polishing cloth 4. Then, the metallographic sample 19 is slightly moved upward a little distance so that the bottom of the metallographic sample 19 is slightly away from the surface of the polishing cloth 4. Then, the internal threaded barrel 40 is rotated to move it upward on the outside of the external threaded sleeve 39. When the internal threaded barrel 40 moves upward, the conical groove 41 squeezes the hemispherical block 37 and drives the hemispherical block 37, the column 35, and the extrusion block 36 to move, so that multiple extrusion blocks 36 approach the metallographic sample 19 and clamp the metallographic sample 19.

[0051] Furthermore, a bolt 42 is connected to the inner thread of the rectangular tube 5, and two positioning holes 43 are provided in the rectangular plate 6. The bolt 42 can be embedded in the positioning hole 43. A faucet 49 is installed on the top of the chassis 1, and one end of the faucet 49 is fixed and connected to a water distribution pipe 50. The bottom of the water distribution pipe 50 is fixed and connected to multiple drip pipes. A liquid separation chamber 44 and an inner cavity 45 are provided in the chassis 1, and a second motor 46 is installed in the inner cavity 45. A rotating rod 47 is fixed to the bottom of the turntable 3, and the rotating rod 47 passes through the chassis 1 and is rotatably connected to the chassis 1. The bottom of the rotating rod 47 is fixed to the output end of the second motor 46. A plurality of leakage holes 54 for connecting the liquid storage chamber 2 and the liquid separation chamber 44 are provided in the chassis 1. A drain pipe 48 is installed on the rear side of the chassis 1, and the drain pipe 48 is connected to the liquid separation chamber 44.

[0052] It should be noted that the faucet 49 is connected to the external water supply equipment. When water drops onto the polishing cloth 4, it can play a role of lubrication and cooling. The water then flows into the liquid storage chamber 2, and then flows into the liquid separation chamber 44 from the leakage hole 54, and finally is discharged from the drain pipe 48. When the polishing cloth 4 needs to be replaced, first rotate the bolt 42 to move it out of one of the positioning holes 43, and then move the rectangular plate 6 and the rectangular frame 8 upward so that the annular plate 18 is away from the polishing cloth 4. Then, rotate the bolt 42 in the opposite direction to embed it into the other positioning hole 43, that is, the rectangular frame 8 is fixed, so that the annular plate 18 is fixed in the position away from the polishing cloth 4, thereby facilitating the replacement of the polishing cloth 4 on the turntable 3.

[0053] It is worth adding that the first motor 23 and the second motor 46 in this embodiment are both conventional devices well-known to those skilled in the art and purchased on the market. Their models can be selected according to actual needs or customized. In this patent, we only use them and do not improve their structures and functions. For those skilled in the art, their setting methods, installation methods, and electrical connection methods can be debugged and operated as required by their user manuals, so no further elaboration will be made here.

[0054] Further, a lead screw 22 is rotatably connected in the stroke groove 9. The lead screw 22 penetrates through the U-shaped plate 10 and is threadedly connected to the U-shaped plate 10. A first motor 23 is installed on one side of the rectangular frame 8. One end of the lead screw 22 is fixed to the output end of the first motor 23. A limiting groove 24 is opened at the top of the rectangular frame 8. The limiting groove 24 is communicated with the stroke groove 9. A limiting block 52 is fixed on the U-shaped plate 10. The limiting block 52 is slidably fitted in the limiting groove 24. A first toothed plate 25 is fixed to the inner wall on one side of the rectangular frame 8. A first gear 26 is fixed to the outer side of the cylinder 11. The first gear 26 is meshed with the first toothed plate 25. A rotating shaft 27 is rotatably connected in the U-shaped plate 10. A second gear 28 is fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft 27. The first gear 26 is meshed with the second gear 28.

[0055] In addition, the control component includes an incomplete gear 29 fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 27. Two vertical plates 51 are fixed to the top of the U-shaped plate 10. A rectangular guide plate 30 is jointly fixed between the two vertical plates 51. A second toothed plate 31 is slidably connected to the outer side of the rectangular guide plate 30. The incomplete gear 29 is meshed with the second toothed plate 31. One end of the second toothed plate 31 is fixed with a steel wire rope 32. The steel wire rope 32 penetrates through the cylinder 11 and slides in the cylinder 11. One end of the steel wire rope 32 away from the second toothed plate 31 is fixed with a shaft rod 53. The shaft rod 53 is rotatably connected to the heavy weight hammer 33. Two guide blocks 34 are symmetrically fixed to the outer side of the heavy weight hammer 33. The guide blocks 34 are slidably fitted on the corresponding cylindrical rods 14. It should be noted that since the shaft rod 53 and the heavy weight hammer 33 are rotatably connected, when the cylinder 十一、第一连接盘12、第一耳板13、圆柱杆十四、第二耳板16 rotate, the heavy weight hammer 33 will be带动转动,此时重物锤33是位于轴杆53底部转动,即轴杆53能够保持相对的静止而不随重物锤33进行转动,从而避免了重物锤33的转动而造成钢丝绳32发生扭曲。

[0056] It should be noted that there seems to be some unclear or incorrect content in the original text, such as "筒体11、第一连接盘12、第一耳板13、圆柱杆14、第二耳板16转动时会带动重物锤33转动,此时重物锤33是位于轴杆53底部转动,即轴杆53能够保持相对的静止而不随重物锤33进行转动,从而避免了重物锤33的转动而造成钢丝绳32发生扭曲。" where "十一、十四" are likely incorrect designations. The translation is done based on the best understanding of the text as presented.During use, after the metallographic sample 19 is fixed, the second motor 46 and the first motor 23 are started, the second motor 46 will drive the rotating rod 47, the turntable 3, and the polishing cloth 4 to rotate, and the first motor 23 will drive the lead screw 22 to rotate. When the lead screw 22 rotates, it drives the mold plate 10 to move back and forth on the lead screw 22. When the mold plate 10 moves, it drives the first gear 26 to move. When the first gear 26 moves, it is under the action of the first tooth plate 25 that the first gear 26 rotates. When the first gear 26 rotates, it drives the cylinder 11, the first connecting disk 12, the first ear plate 13, the cylindrical rod 14, the second ear plate 16, and the bracket 17 to rotate successively. The metallographic sample 19 rotates, thereby driving the annular plate 18 and the metallographic sample 19 inside it to rotate, that is, the polishing cloth 4 rotates to polish the bottom of the metallographic sample 19. At the same time, the metallographic sample 19 can rotate on the polishing cloth 4 to polish, avoiding the concentration of friction and heat in certain areas during the polishing process, thereby helping to reduce the phenomenon of local over-polishing or uneven polishing, and obtaining a smoother and more delicate surface effect. In addition, the metallographic sample 19 can move back and forth on the radius of the polishing cloth 4 when rotating, so that the surface of the polishing cloth 4 can polish the metallographic sample 19, so that the polishing cloth 4 can be fully utilized;

[0057] When the first gear 26 rotates, it drives the second gear 28 to rotate. When the second gear 28 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft 27 and the incomplete gear 29 to rotate. When the incomplete gear 29 rotates to engage with the second tooth plate 31, the rotation of the incomplete gear 29 drives the second tooth plate 31 to move. When the second tooth plate 31 moves, it pulls the wire rope 32, so that the wire rope 32 pulls the weight hammer 33 and drives the weight hammer 33 to move upward. At this time, under the rebound force of the first spring 21, the bracket 17, the annular plate 18, and the metallographic sample 19 are driven to move upward, so that the metallographic sample 19 leaves the surface of the polishing cloth 4. When the incomplete gear 29 rotates to engage with the second tooth plate 31, the rotation of the incomplete gear 29 drives the second tooth plate 31 to move. When the second tooth plate 31 moves, it pulls the wire rope 32, so that the wire rope 32 pulls the weight hammer 33 and drives the weight hammer 33 to move upward. When the wheel 29 rotates until it is separated from the second tooth plate 31, the weight hammer 33 moves downward under the action of gravity. When the weight hammer 33 falls on the second connecting plate 15, it drives the second connecting plate 15 and the second ear plate 16 to move downward, and then drives the bracket 17, the annular plate 18, and the metallographic sample 19 to move downward. At this time, the weight of the weight hammer 33 presses on the metallographic sample 19, increasing the friction between the metallographic sample 19 and the polishing cloth 4, so that the metallographic sample 19 can be polished on the polishing cloth 4. The weight hammer 33 moves up and down reciprocatingly to control the polishing of the metallographic sample 19 on the polishing cloth 4;

[0058] When the heavy hammer 33 is pressed on the metallographic sample 19 by gravity, the friction between the metallographic sample 19 and the polishing cloth 4 increases, which is beneficial to polishing. When the heavy hammer 33 no longer presses the metallographic sample 19, the metallographic sample 19 is driven away from the polishing cloth 4 under the rebound force of the first spring 21. This process makes the metallographic sample 19 alternately contact with the polishing cloth 4. The alternating gravity pressing and polishing and no pressing can be beneficial to the heat dissipation of the metallographic sample 19 and the polishing cloth 4, avoiding the local temperature rise due to the increased friction between the metallographic sample 19 and the polishing cloth 4, thereby avoiding softening, thermal deformation or microcracks on the surface of the metallographic sample 19. The alternating gravity pressing and polishing and no pressing can also avoid local excessive wear of the polishing cloth 4, ensure uniform wear of the polishing cloth, and thus improve the polishing effect.

[0059] A method for using a polishing machine, based on the above-mentioned multifunctional polishing machine, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: First, hold the internal threaded barrel 40 and move it upward to drive the annular plate 18 upward. When the annular plate 18 moves upward, it drives the bracket 17 and the second ear plate 16 upward. When the second ear plate 16 no longer compresses the first spring 21, place the metallographic sample 19 into the annular plate 18.

[0061] Step 2: Rotate the internal threaded barrel 40 to move it upward outside the external threaded sleeve 39. When the internal threaded barrel 40 moves upward, the conical groove 41 squeezes the hemispherical block 37 and drives the hemispherical block 37, the cylinder 35, and the squeezing block 36 to move, so that the multiple squeezing blocks 36 approach the metallographic sample 19 and clamp the metallographic sample 19;

[0062] Step 3, start the second motor 46 and the first motor 23, the second motor 46 will drive the rotating rod 47, the turntable 3, and the polishing cloth 4 to rotate, the first motor 23 will drive the screw 22 to rotate, and when the screw 22 rotates, it drives the mold plate 10 to move back and forth on the screw 22, and when the mold plate 10 moves, it drives the first gear 26 to move, and when the first gear 26 moves, under the action of the first toothed plate 25, the first gear 26 will rotate, and when the first gear 26 rotates, it drives the cylinder 11, the first connecting plate 12, the first ear plate 13, the cylindrical rod 14, the second ear plate 16, and the bracket 17 to rotate successively, thereby driving the annular plate 18 and the metallographic sample 19 inside it to rotate, that is, the polishing cloth 4 rotates to polish the bottom of the metallographic sample 19, and at the same time, the metallographic sample 19 can realize self-rotation on the polishing cloth 4 for polishing, and the metallographic sample 19 can move back and forth on the radius of the polishing cloth 4 when rotating;

[0063] Step 4, when the first gear 26 rotates, it drives the second gear 28 to rotate. When the second gear 28 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft 27 and the incomplete gear 29 to rotate. When the incomplete gear 29 rotates to engage with the second tooth plate 31, the rotation of the incomplete gear 29 drives the second tooth plate 31 to move. When the second tooth plate 31 moves, it pulls the wire rope 32, so that the wire rope 32 pulls the weight hammer 33 and drives the weight hammer 33 to move upward. When the incomplete gear 29 rotates to separate from the second tooth plate 31, the weight hammer 33 will move downward under the action of gravity. When the weight hammer 33 falls on the second tooth plate 31, the weight hammer 33 will move downward. When the connecting plate 15 is up, it will drive the second connecting plate 15 and the second ear plate 16 to move downward, and then drive the bracket 17, the annular plate 18, and the metallographic sample 19 to move downward. At this time, the weight of the heavy hammer 33 is pressed on the metallographic sample 19, increasing the pressure between the metallographic sample 19 and the polishing cloth 4. When the heavy hammer 33 moves up, it drives the bracket 17, the annular plate 18, and the metallographic sample 19 to move upward under the rebound force of the first spring 21, and drives the bottom of the metallographic sample 19 to leave the surface of the polishing cloth 4. The heavy hammer 33 moves up and down reciprocatingly to control the polishing of the metallographic sample 19 on the polishing cloth 4.

[0064] The exemplary implementation schemes proposed in the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to preferred embodiments. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, without departing from the concept of the present disclosure, various modifications and variations can be made to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and various technical features and structures proposed in the present disclosure can be combined in various ways without exceeding the scope of protection of the present disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional polishing machine, comprising a chassis (1), characterized in that: A liquid storage cavity (2) is provided at the top of the chassis (1). A turntable (3) is arranged in the liquid storage cavity (2), and a polishing cloth (4) is adhered to the turntable (3). A rectangular cylinder (5) is fixed to the top of the chassis (1). A rectangular plate (6) is slidably connected in the rectangular cylinder (5). A connecting shaft (7) is fixed to the top of the rectangular plate (6). A rectangular frame (8) is fixed to one end of the connecting shaft (7) away from the rectangular plate (6). A travel groove (9) is provided in the rectangular frame (8). A C-shaped plate (10) is slidably connected in the travel groove (9). A cylinder body (11) is rotatably connected in the C-shaped plate (10). A first connection disk (12) is fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the cylinder body (11). Two first ear plates (13) are symmetrically fixed to the outer side of the first connection disk (12). A cylindrical rod (14) is fixed to the bottom of the first ear plate (13). A second ear plate (16) is slidably connected to the outer side of the cylindrical rod (14). A second connection disk (15) is jointly fixed to the side of the two second ear plates (16) close to each other. A bracket (17) is fixed to the side of each of the two second ear plates (16) away from each other. A ring plate (18) is jointly fixed to the bottoms of the two brackets (17). A metallographic sample (19) is arranged in the ring plate (18). A clamping component for clamping and fixing the metallographic sample (19) is arranged in the ring plate (18). A control component for alternately pressing the metallographic sample (19) with force is arranged on the C-shaped plate (10). A first toothed plate (25) is fixed to one inner wall of the rectangular frame (8). A first gear (26) is fixed to the outer side of the cylinder body (11). The first gear (26) and the first toothed plate (25) are meshed with each other. A rotating shaft (27) is rotatably connected in the C-shaped plate (10). A second gear (28) is fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft (27). The first gear (26) and the second gear (28) are meshed with each other. The control component includes an incomplete gear (29) fixed to the top of the rotating shaft (27). Two vertical plates (51) are fixed to the top of the C-shaped plate (10). A rectangular guide plate (30) is jointly fixed between the two vertical plates (51). A second toothed plate (31) is slidably connected to the outer side of the rectangular guide plate (30). The incomplete gear (29) and the second toothed plate (31) are meshed with each other. One end of the second toothed plate (31) is fixed with a steel wire rope (32). The steel wire rope (32) penetrates through the cylinder body (11) and slides in the cylinder body (11). One end of the steel wire rope (32) away from the second toothed plate (31) is fixed with a shaft rod (53). The shaft rod (53) is rotatably connected with a heavy weight hammer (33). Two guide blocks (34) are symmetrically fixed to the outer side of the heavy weight hammer (33). The guide blocks (and the corresponding cylindrical rods (14) are in sliding fit.

2. A multifunctional polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bottom plate (20) is fixedly connected to bottoms of the two cylindrical rods (14). A first spring (21) is sleeved outside the cylindrical rods (14). One end of the first spring (21) abuts against a second ear plate (16), and the other end of the first spring (21) abuts against the bottom plate (20).

3. A multifunctional polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a plurality of cylinders (35) slidably fitted in an annular plate (18). An extrusion block (36) is fixedly connected to an end of the cylinder (35) extending into the annular plate (18). A hemispherical block (37) is fixedly connected to an end of the cylinder (35) extending outside the annular plate (18). A second spring (38) is sleeved outside the cylinder (35). One end of the second spring (38) abuts against the hemispherical block (37), and the other end of the second spring (38) abuts against the annular plate (18).

4. A multifunctional polishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: An external thread sleeve (39) is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular plate (18). An internal thread cylinder (40) is threadedly connected to the outside of the external thread sleeve (39). A tapered groove (41) is formed in an inner wall of a top of the internal thread cylinder (40). The tapered groove (41) can extrude the hemispherical block (37) and drive the hemispherical block (37) to move. A vertical section diameter of the tapered groove (41) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

5. A multifunctional polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead screw (22) is rotatably connected in the travel groove (9). The lead screw (22) penetrates through a U-shaped plate (10) and is threadedly connected to the U-shaped plate (10). A first motor (like a 23) is installed on one side of the rectangular frame (8). One end of the lead screw (22) is fixedly connected to an output end of the first motor (23). A limit groove (24) is formed in a top of the rectangular frame (8). The limit groove (24) communicates with the travel groove (9). A limit block (52) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate (10). The limit block (52) is slidably fitted in the limit groove (24).

6. A multifunctional polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bolt (42) is threadedly connected in the rectangular cylinder (5). Two positioning holes (43) are formed in the rectangular plate (6). The bolt (42) can be embedded into the positioning holes (43). A water tap (49) is installed on a top of the machine case (1). One end of the water tap (49) is fixedly connected and communicated with a water distribution pipe (50). A plurality of drip pipes are fixedly connected and communicated to a bottom of the water distribution pipe (50).

7. A multifunctional polishing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A liquid separation cavity (44) and an inner cavity (45) are formed in the machine case (1). A second motor (46) is installed in the inner cavity (45). A rotating rod (47) is fixedly connected to a bottom of the turntable (3). The rotating rod (47) penetrates through the machine case (1) and is rotatably connected to the machine case (1). A bottom of the rotating rod (47) is fixedly connected to an output end of the second motor (46). A plurality of water leakage holes (54) for communicating the liquid storage cavity (2) and the liquid separation cavity (44) are formed in the machine case (1). A drain pipe (48) is installed on a rear side of the machine case (1), and the drain pipe (48) is communicated with the liquid separation cavity (44).

8. A method for using a polishing machine, using the multifunctional polishing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, hold the internal threaded barrel (40) and move it upward to drive the annular plate (18) to move upward. When the annular plate (18) moves upward, it drives the bracket (17) and the second ear plate (16) to move upward. When the second ear plate (16) no longer compresses the first spring (21), the metallographic sample (19) is placed in the annular plate (18); Step 2: Rotate the internal threaded barrel (40) to move it upward outside the external threaded sleeve (39). When the internal threaded barrel (40) moves upward, the conical groove (41) squeezes the hemispherical block (37) and drives the hemispherical block (37), the column (35), and the extrusion block (36) to move, so that the multiple extrusion blocks (36) approach the metallographic sample (19) and clamp the metallographic sample (19); Step 3: Start the second motor (46) and the first motor (23). The second motor (46) drives the rotating rod (47), the turntable (3), and the polishing cloth (4) to rotate. The first motor (23) drives the lead screw (22) to rotate. When the lead screw (22) rotates, the shaped plate (10) moves back and forth on the lead screw (22). When the shaped plate (10) moves, it drives the first gear (26) to move. When the first gear (26) moves, it is driven by the first tooth plate (25), so that the first gear (26) rotates. The first gear (26) rotates. 6) When rotating, the cylinder (11), the first connecting plate (12), the first ear plate (13), the cylindrical rod (14), the second ear plate (16), and the bracket (17) are driven to rotate successively, thereby driving the annular plate (18) and the metallographic sample (19) therein to rotate, that is, the polishing cloth (4) rotates to polish the bottom of the metallographic sample (19), and at the same time, the metallographic sample (19) can rotate on the polishing cloth (4) to polish, and the metallographic sample (19) can move back and forth on the radius of the polishing cloth (4) when rotating; Step 4: When the first gear (26) rotates, it drives the second gear (28) to rotate. When the second gear (28) rotates, it drives the rotating shaft (27) and the incomplete gear (29) to rotate. When the incomplete gear (29) rotates to engage with the second tooth plate (31), the rotation of the incomplete gear (29) drives the second tooth plate (31) to move. When the second tooth plate (31) moves, it pulls the wire rope (32), so that the wire rope (32) pulls the weight hammer (33) and drives the weight hammer (33) to move upward. When the incomplete gear (29) rotates to separate from the second tooth plate (31), the weight hammer (33) moves downward under the action of gravity. When the weight hammer (33) falls on the second connecting rod When the disk (15) is on, it will drive the second connecting disk (15) and the second ear plate (16) to move downward, and then drive the bracket (17), the annular plate (18), and the metallographic sample (19) to move downward. At this time, the weight of the heavy hammer (33) is pressed on the metallographic sample (19), increasing the pressure between the metallographic sample (19) and the polishing cloth (4). When the heavy hammer (33) moves upward, it drives the bracket (17), the annular plate (18), and the metallographic sample (19) to move upward under the rebound force of the first spring (21), driving the bottom of the metallographic sample (19) to leave the surface of the polishing cloth (4). The heavy hammer (33) moves up and down reciprocatingly, thereby controlling the polishing of the metallographic sample (19) on the polishing cloth (4).

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