Bio-organic fertilizer for apples and preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a bio-organic fertilizer for apples and a preparation method thereof, and the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of waste apple tree branches and leaves, 30-40 parts of animal dung, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of bone meal, 5-10 parts of humic acid and 1.5-2 parts of a microbial agent. The microbial agent comprises bacillus velezensis, bacterium photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and the like, and bacillus mucilaginosus in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1. The raw materials are crushed and then are subjected to a secondary fermentation process to prepare a finished product. The biological organic fertilizer is comprehensive in nutrition, can meet the nutritional requirements of apple growth, improves the soil environment, improves the fruit quality and yield, and has remarkable economic benefits and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a bio-organic fertilizer for apples and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Apples are a nutritious fruit, containing numerous ingredients beneficial to human health. China is the world's largest apple producer, accounting for over 50% of global apple production. In 2023, China's total apple production reached 49.6017 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 4.3%.

[0003] China's apple planting area consistently exceeds 29 million mu (apple acres). In 2023, the national apple planting area reached 1,928,460 hectares. China accounts for approximately 52.99% of global apple consumption, making it the world's largest consumer. With increasing consumer health awareness and consumption upgrades, apple consumption is expected to continue to grow. Consumers are increasingly concerned with apple variety, taste, nutritional value, and whether it is organic or environmentally friendly.

[0004] With the development of the apple planting industry, the demand for fertilizers is increasing. Traditional fertilizers have some shortcomings. Some existing organic fertilizers have problems such as low raw material utilization, insufficient fermentation, and unstable fertilizer effect.

[0005] Apple tree waste, a byproduct of the planting process, contains a large amount of organic matter and specific nutrients required for apple tree growth, such as trace elements and organic compounds. Effectively utilizing this waste could transform it into a resource, improving the relevance and effectiveness of fertilizers. However, due to the high lignin and cellulose content, comprehensive utilization is difficult in apple orchards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bio-organic fertilizer for apples, which can be fermented to produce bio-organic fertilizer for apple orchards by utilizing unique microbial agents and appropriately supplementing poultry manure and other nutrients rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: A bio-organic fertilizer for apples comprises the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of discarded apple tree branches and leaves, 30-40 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of bone meal, 5-10 parts of humic acid, and 1.5-2 parts of microbial agent.

[0008] The microbial agent includes Bacillus velezensis: deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on September 6, 2019, with a deposit number of CCTCC NO: M 2019691, and classified as: Bacillus velezensis LXH Bacillus velezensis LXH, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, etc., jelly-like Bacillus, and the ratio is 1:1:1:1.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer for apples, comprising the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation: Discarded apple tree branches and leaves, livestock manure, soybean meal, and bone meal are crushed separately to a particle size of less than 5 mm, and then auxiliary materials are added; (2) Primary fermentation: Mix the treated raw materials with humic acid evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%-60%, and pile for fermentation; monitor the temperature regularly. When the temperature rises to 60°C, turn the pile for the first time. Turn the pile every two days thereafter until the temperature no longer rises and the material turns dark brown, indicating that the primary fermentation is basically completed; (3) Secondary fermentation: After the first fermentation is completed, sterilize, disinfect, and cool the material, then add microbial agents for secondary fermentation. During this period, the pile is turned over every day or every two days to promote further decomposition of the material and reproduction of the microbial agents. When the material is stable and has no odor, the secondary fermentation ends and the biological organic fertilizer for apples is obtained.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary material includes medical stone powder.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Improve the targeted utilization rate of fertilizers: By optimizing the raw material ratio and fermentation process, the nutrients in the discarded branches and leaves of apple trees and livestock manure are fully decomposed and transformed, making them easier for apple trees to absorb and utilize. Compared with traditional fertilizers, the fertilizer effect is more significant, reducing fertilizer waste and protecting the orchard's geographical advantages.

[0012] (2) Improve soil environment: The organic matter and functional strains in this biological organic fertilizer can improve soil structure, enhance soil permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention, prevent soil acidification, compaction and other problems, and create good conditions for the growth of apple tree roots.

[0013] (3) Increase apple yield and improve quality: This fertilizer is rich in various nutrients required for the growth of apple trees. It can meet the needs of apple trees at different growth stages, promote the growth and development of fruit trees, delay the aging of fruit trees, increase the number of years of high yield of apples and increase the yield, improve the quality indicators such as apple taste, sweetness, color, etc., and enhance market competitiveness.

[0014] (4) Realize the resource utilization of waste: Turn discarded branches and leaves of apple trees and livestock and poultry manure into treasure, reduce the pollution of waste to the environment, comply with the concept of sustainable development, and have good environmental and social benefits.

[0015] (5) Reduced production costs: Using cheap discarded apple tree branches and chicken manure as the main raw materials reduces fertilizer production costs compared to purchasing commercial fertilizers or single organic fertilizers. At the same time, reasonable fermentation technology and the use of microbial agents further improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption and material loss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0017] A bio-organic fertilizer for apples comprises the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of discarded apple tree branches and leaves, 30-40 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of bone meal, 5-10 parts of humic acid, and 1.5-2 parts of microbial agent.

[0018] The microbial agent includes Bacillus velezensis: deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on September 6, 2019, with a deposit number of CCTCC NO: M 2019691, and classified as: Bacillus velezensis LXH Bacillus velezensis LXH, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, etc., jelly-like Bacillus, and the ratio is 1:1:1:1.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer for apples, comprising the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation: Discarded apple tree branches and leaves, livestock manure, soybean meal, and bone meal are crushed separately to a particle size of less than 5 mm, and then auxiliary materials are added; (2) Primary fermentation: Mix the treated raw materials with humic acid evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%-60%, and pile for fermentation; monitor the temperature regularly. When the temperature rises to 60°C, turn the pile for the first time. Turn the pile every two days thereafter until the temperature no longer rises and the material turns dark brown, indicating that the primary fermentation is basically completed; (3) Secondary fermentation: After the first fermentation is completed, sterilize, disinfect, and cool the material, then add microbial agents for secondary fermentation. During this period, the pile is turned over every day or every two days to promote further decomposition of the material and reproduction of the microbial agents. When the material is stable and has no odor, the secondary fermentation ends and the biological organic fertilizer for apples is obtained.

[0020] Preferably, the auxiliary material includes medical stone powder. Example 1

[0021] Raw material ratio (parts by weight): 40 parts of discarded apple tree branches and leaves, 30 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 15 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of bone meal, 10 parts of humic acid, and 2 parts of microbial agents. The microbial agents include Bacillus velezensis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus jelly, with a ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0022] Following the above preparation method, with the addition of 2 parts by weight of medical stone powder as an auxiliary ingredient, the resulting bio-organic fertilizer for apples demonstrated excellent fertilizer efficacy in field trials, increasing apple yield by 11% compared to the control group and significantly improving fruit quality. Testing revealed that the vitamin C content in the fruit reached 4.13 mg / 100 g, and the total sugar content reached 15.89 g / 100 g. The organic matter content of the prepared organic fertilizer reached 45.3%. Example 2

[0023] Raw material ratio (parts by weight): 30 parts of discarded apple tree branches and leaves, 40 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of bone meal, 5 parts of humic acid, and 1.5 parts of microbial agents. The microbial agents include Bacillus velezensis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus jelly, with a ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0024] According to the above preparation method, 1.5 parts of medical stone powder as an auxiliary material was added by weight, and the obtained biological organic fertilizer for apples showed good fertilizer effect in field tests. Example 3

[0025] Raw material ratio (parts by weight): 35 parts of discarded apple tree branches and leaves, 35 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 17 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of bone meal, 7 parts of humic acid, and 1.8 parts of microbial agents. The microbial agents include Bacillus velezensis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus jelly, with a ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0026] According to the above preparation method, 0.2 parts of medical stone powder as an auxiliary material was added by weight, and the obtained biological organic fertilizer for apples showed good fertilizer effect in field tests.

Claims

1. A bio-organic fertilizer for apples, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of discarded apple tree branches and leaves, 30-40 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of bone meal, 5-10 parts of humic acid, and 1.5-2 parts of microbial agent.

2. The bio-organic fertilizer for apples according to claim 1, wherein The microbial agent includes Bacillus velezensis: deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection with a deposit number of CCTCC NO: M 2019691, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, etc., and jelly-like Bacillus, and the ratio is 1:1:1:

1.

3. A method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer for apples, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Raw material preparation: Discarded apple tree branches and leaves, livestock manure, soybean meal, and bone meal are crushed separately to a particle size of less than 5 mm, and then auxiliary materials are added; (2) Primary fermentation: Mix the treated raw materials with humic acid evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%-60%, and pile for fermentation; monitor the temperature regularly. When the temperature rises to 60°C, turn the pile for the first time. Turn the pile every two days thereafter until the temperature no longer rises and the material turns dark brown, indicating that the primary fermentation is basically completed; (3) Secondary fermentation: After the first fermentation is completed, sterilize, disinfect, and cool the material, then add microbial agents for secondary fermentation. During this period, the pile is turned over every day or every two days to promote further decomposition of the material and reproduction of the microbial agents. When the material is stable and has no odor, the secondary fermentation ends and the biological organic fertilizer for apples is obtained.

4. The method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer for apples according to claim 3, wherein: The auxiliary material includes medical stone powder.