Carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency-band damping performance and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, and particularly relates to a carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency-band damping performance and a preparation method of the carbon fiber composite material. Through multi-component synergistic modification of an epoxy resin matrix, a nitrile rubber composition and a boron nitride composition, and in combination with a carbon fiber surface treatment and segmented curing process, a multi-scale damping energy dissipation network is constructed. The material shows excellent damping performance in a high-frequency vibration environment, has high mechanical strength and interface bonding force, can remarkably reduce the damage risk caused by vibration transmission of sports equipment, is suitable for the field of high-end sports equipment, and promotes industrial application of a carbon fiber composite material in a high-frequency damping scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, and in particular relates to a carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of sports equipment, carbon fiber composites (CFRP) have become a core material for high-end equipment due to their "light, strong, and intelligent" properties. They support national strength in competitive sports and contribute to the Healthy China strategy through national fitness. However, current research on carbon fiber composites focuses heavily on structural integrity indicators such as static and dynamic macroscopic strength and low-speed impact toughness. Significant technical gaps exist in frequency-dependent damping properties, microbuckling-induced energy dissipation, and joint vibration transmission suppression. For example, when a bicycle vibrates at 40Hz, low-damping handlebars transfer >80% of the vibration energy to the hands, causing capillary constriction and reduced nerve conduction velocity. This can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome in the long term, with a 37% increase in the incidence rate among professional cyclists. Similarly, the peak impact force of a tennis racket with insufficient damping exceeds 800N (ideally, <500N), which can easily cause tendon micro-tears.

[0003] Existing technologies mostly improve damping by adding rubber particles or inorganic fillers, but have the following defects: 1) Although non-reactive rubbers (such as CTBN) can improve damping through physical phase separation, they will significantly reduce the mechanical properties of the material; 2) Traditional boron nitride (HBN) fillers are prone to reducing the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) due to weak interfacial bonding; 3) Single-scale designs cannot take into account the movement of molecular segments, interfacial slip and macroscopic structural energy consumption, making it difficult to achieve efficient damping in a wide frequency range (40-500Hz).

[0004] Therefore, developing a carbon fiber composite material that combines high-frequency damping performance with excellent mechanical properties has become the key to breaking through the technical bottleneck of high-end sports equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance and a preparation method thereof, wherein the prepared carbon fiber composite material has both high-frequency damping performance and excellent mechanical properties.

[0006] A carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance, the raw materials for preparing the composite material include carbon fibers and a surface coating layer.

[0007] Preferably, the carbon fiber has a tow specification of 12K.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the carbon fiber is from Toray, Japan, T700SC.

[0009] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer include an epoxy resin matrix, a nitrile liquid rubber composition, and a boron nitride composition.

[0010] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the epoxy resin matrix include epoxy resin, curing agent and accelerator.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin, curing agent and accelerator is 100: (6-7): (1-1.5).

[0012] Preferably, the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 0.51-0.54 eq / 100 g, and the viscosity at 25° C. is ≤15000 Pa·s.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the epoxy resin is from Shenzhen Jitian Chemical Co., Ltd., epoxy resin E-51.

[0014] Preferably, the curing agent is dicyandiamide.

[0015] Preferably, the accelerator is a urea-based accelerator with a molecular weight of 250-270 and 98% of the particles having a diameter of less than 10 μm.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the accelerator is organic urea accelerator UR500 from Azken, Germany.

[0017] Preferably, the addition amount of the nitrile liquid rubber composition is 25%-35% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the epoxy resin matrix.

[0018] Preferably, the added amount of the boron nitride composition is 13%-20% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the epoxy resin matrix.

[0019] By selecting specific epoxy resin matrix raw materials and controlling the raw material mass ratio, it is possible to improve the high-frequency damping performance and mechanical strength of carbon fiber composites. This is because by controlling the addition amounts of curing agent and accelerator, the curing reaction follows a synergistic "decomposition-diffusion-percolation" mechanism, and the epoxy resin crosslinking density reaches a critical value, forming a dense and dynamically excellent network structure. On the one hand, moderate crosslinking inhibits excessive molecular chain slip, reducing dynamic modulus loss, while retaining some chain segment freedom of movement, enhancing internal friction energy dissipation, and thus improving the high-frequency damping factor. On the other hand, by controlling the addition amount of curing agent, the side reactions of cyano group clustering and amino group chain termination caused by excessive curing agent are avoided, thereby improving tensile strength and interfacial shear strength. At the same time, the addition of accelerator shortens the curing time, reduces porosity, further improves flexural strength and impact toughness, and achieves medium-temperature curing. Ultimately, the epoxy resin matrix system can serve as a continuous "sea phase" to support damping phases such as the nitrile liquid rubber composition and provide a dispersion medium for the boron nitride composition.

[0020] Preferably, the nitrile liquid rubber composition includes a first nitrile liquid rubber (CTBN) and a second nitrile liquid rubber (EPBN).

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first nitrile liquid rubber to the second nitrile liquid rubber is (3-5):(4-6).

[0022] Preferably, the carboxyl content of the first nitrile liquid rubber is 0.51-0.61 mmol / g, and the acrylonitrile content is 22.1%-27.0%.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, the first nitrile liquid rubber is from Tianyuan Aerospace Materials (Yingkou) Technology Co., Ltd., TY-CTBN-25.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation method of the second nitrile liquid rubber comprises the following steps: heating the first nitrile liquid rubber to 65-75°C, adding epoxy resin and catalyst, heating to 110-120°C under nitrogen protection, reacting for 3 hours under magnetic stirring at 250-350rpm, continuing the reaction and monitoring the carboxyl content until it drops to 40%-50% of the first nitrile liquid rubber, stopping the reaction, cooling to below 75°C, adding acetone to adjust the viscosity at 25°C to 2000-5000mPa·s, and obtaining the product.

[0025] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first nitrile liquid rubber to the epoxy resin is 1:(1.5-2.5).

[0026] Preferably, the added amount of the catalyst is 0.8%-1.2% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the preparation method of the second nitrile liquid rubber.

[0027] Preferably, the catalyst comprises triphenylphosphine.

[0028] By preparing a second nitrile liquid rubber EPBN and compounding non-reactive CTBN with reactive EPBN, the damping performance and impact toughness of the carbon fiber composite material were improved. This is because CTBN forms an "island structure" through a physical dilution effect, and its rubber particles undergo interfacial slip and internal friction under high-frequency vibrations. The epoxy groups at the ends of EPBN participate in cross-linking, covalently bonding the nitrile rubber segments to the epoxy network, forming a "rigid-flexible" interpenetrating structure. The two work together to broaden the damping temperature and frequency domains, improving the damping performance in the high-frequency band. At the same time, the rubber phase of CTBN dissipates impact energy through internal friction, while the chemical bonding of EPBN inhibits crack propagation. The two work together to improve the impact toughness of the carbon fiber composite material and achieve a balance between damping and strength. This can reduce the peak impact force of sports equipment such as tennis rackets made from carbon fiber composites, reducing the risk of tendon rupture in athletes.

[0029] Preferably, the boron nitride composition includes a first boron nitride (HBN) and a second boron nitride (GEBN).

[0030] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first boron nitride to the second boron nitride is 1:(2-6).

[0031] Preferably, the first boron nitride is hexagonal boron nitride with an average particle size of 80-200 nm.

[0032] The preparation method of the second boron nitride comprises the following steps: A1. Disperse the first boron nitride in a 3M NaOH solution, reflux at 78-82°C for 5-7h, wash by centrifugation until neutral, and dry at 100-110°C to obtain hydroxylated boron nitride; A2, dissolving the silane coupling agent in an ethanol aqueous solution and adjusting the pH value to 4-5, hydrolyzing for 25-35 minutes to obtain a coupling agent hydrolyzate; A3. Add hydroxylated boron nitride to the coupling agent hydrolyzate, react at 78-82°C for 8-12 hours under nitrogen protection, centrifuge, wash with ethanol three times, and vacuum dry to obtain.

[0033] Preferably, in step A1, the mass ratio of the first boron nitride to the 3M NaOH solution is 1:(8-12).

[0034] Preferably, the silane coupling agent is 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane.

[0035] Preferably, in step A2, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol aqueous solution is 1:(10-20).

[0036] Preferably, in step A2, the volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 94%-96%.

[0037] Preferably, the added amount of the silane coupling agent is 20%-30% of the mass of the first boron nitride.

[0038] Preferably, in step A3, the specific conditions for vacuum drying are: temperature of 78-82° C., time of 20-24 h, and vacuum degree of 0.085-0.095 MPa.

[0039] By modifying the first boron nitride with epoxy silane to produce a second boron nitride (GHBN), and then compounding the first boron nitride (HBN) with the second boron nitride (GEBN), the high-frequency damping performance and interlaminar bonding strength of the carbon fiber composite material were improved. This is because HBN forms a "rigid lamellar scaffold" in the form of physical filling, inhibiting the disordered movement of molecular segments under high-frequency vibration and increasing the glass transition temperature. After GEBN is modified with hydroxylation and silane coupling agents, its interfacial functional groups form chemical adsorption and covalent bonds with the epoxy resin, forming an "interfacial slip-friction energy dissipation" network. When the material is subjected to high-frequency vibration, friction between the GEBN lamellar layers dissipates energy, while HBN provides rigid support to prevent structural deformation. The two work together to improve the interfacial shear strength and the damping factor in the high-frequency band.

[0040] Preferably, the preparation method of the surface coating layer comprises the following steps: after the epoxy resin matrix is stirred evenly at 60-80°C, the nitrile liquid rubber composition is added, and after stirring at 500-700rpm and 50-60°C for 0.5-1.5h, the boron nitride composition is added in three batches, and after each addition, the boron nitride composition is dispersed at 1800-2200rpm for 15-25min. After all the boron nitride compositions are added, the dispersion is continued for 25-35min, and vacuum degassing is performed to obtain the product.

[0041] Preferably, the method for preparing the carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance comprises the following steps: desizing the surface of the carbon fiber, plasma treating it, coating it with a surface coating layer, and curing it to obtain the composite material.

[0042] Preferably, the specific conditions for the surface desizing are: temperature of 420-480° C. and time of 4-6 minutes.

[0043] Preferably, the specific conditions of the plasma treatment are: atmosphere is oxygen, power is 80-120W, and treatment time is 80-100s.

[0044] Preferably, the specific step of curing is: curing and shaping in an autoclave to obtain the product.

[0045] Preferably, the specific conditions for the curing molding are: pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa; temperature increased to 115-125°C at 2°C / min, kept warm for 50-70 minutes, then increased to 163-167°C at 2°C / min, kept warm for 1-3 hours, and cooled to room temperature in the furnace.

[0046] Through the multi-scale collaborative design of an epoxy resin matrix, a CTBN / EPBN rubber composite, and a HBN / GEBN boron nitride composite, the comprehensive damping performance and mechanical compatibility of the carbon fiber composite were improved. This is because the epoxy resin provides a cross-linked network backbone, the CTBN / EPBN introduces flexible energy-dissipating units through "physical dispersion + chemical bonding," and the HBN / GEBN enhances high-frequency energy dissipation through "rigid support + interface friction." The EPBN flexible segments covalently bond to the resin network; the GEBN sheets form a bridge-like interlocking structure with the resin; and the CTBN rubber particles and HBN sheets construct a multi-stage damping network. This synergistic effect results in a material with a high damping factor at high frequencies, combined with high tensile strength and impact toughness, achieving a multi-objective optimization of "high damping, high rigidity, and high interface strength."

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention prepares a carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance. By regulating the epoxy resin matrix formula and synergizing with the nitrile rubber composition, the high-frequency damping capacity of the carbon fiber composite material is enhanced, effectively suppressing vibration energy transmission and reducing the risk of physiological injuries to athletes caused by equipment vibration. Through the interface modification and multi-scale structural design of the boron nitride composition, the mechanical strength and impact toughness of the material are enhanced, achieving a balance between high damping and high rigidity. The use of a segmented curing process and surface treatment technology optimizes the material's interfacial bonding strength and processing adaptability, promoting the large-scale application of high-performance carbon fiber composites in high-end sports equipment, filling the technical gap in domestic high-frequency damping materials, and helping the sports equipment industry upgrade to a high-value-added direction. 2. By selecting a specific epoxy resin matrix raw material and controlling the raw material mass ratio, the present invention can improve the high-frequency damping performance of the carbon fiber composite material while improving its mechanical strength; 3. The present invention improves the damping performance and impact toughness of the carbon fiber composite material by preparing a second liquid nitrile butadiene rubber (EPBN) and compounding the non-reactive CTBN with the reactive EPBN; 4. The present invention improves the high-frequency damping performance and interlayer bonding strength of the carbon fiber composite material by modifying the first boron nitride with epoxy silane to obtain the second boron nitride (GHBN), and compounding the first boron nitride (HBN) and the second boron nitride (GEBN). 5. The present invention improves the comprehensive damping performance and mechanical matching of carbon fiber composite materials through multi-scale collaborative design of epoxy resin matrix, CTBN / EPBN rubber composition and HBN / GEBN boron nitride composition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available, specifically: Carbon fiber, tow specification is 12K, from Toray, Japan, T700SC.

[0050] Epoxy resin, epoxy value of 0.51-0.54 eq / 100 g, viscosity ≤15000 Pa·s at 25°C, from Shenzhen Jitian Chemical Co., Ltd., epoxy resin E-51.

[0051] The accelerator is a urea-based accelerator with a molecular weight of 250-270 and 98% of the particle diameter is less than 10μm. It comes from Azken, Germany, and is an organic urea accelerator UR500.

[0052] The first nitrile liquid rubber, with a carboxyl content of 0.51~0.61mmol / g and an acrylonitrile content of 22.1%~27.0%, comes from Tianyuan Aerospace Materials (Yingkou) Technology Co., Ltd., TY-CTBN-25.

[0053] The first boron nitride, hexagonal boron nitride, has an average particle size of 100 nm and is from Ningbo Luofei Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., LF-BN-N100.

[0054] Example 1: This example provides a carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance, and its preparation raw materials are carbon fiber and a surface coating layer.

[0055] The raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer are an epoxy resin matrix, a nitrile liquid rubber composition, and a boron nitride composition.

[0056] The epoxy resin matrix is prepared from raw materials comprising epoxy resin, curing agent and accelerator in a mass ratio of 100:6.5:1.2.

[0057] The curing agent is dicyandiamide.

[0058] The accelerator is a urea-based accelerator.

[0059] The addition amount of the nitrile liquid rubber composition is 30% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the epoxy resin matrix.

[0060] The added amount of the boron nitride composition is 16% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the epoxy resin matrix.

[0061] The nitrile liquid rubber composition comprises a first nitrile liquid rubber (CTBN) and a second nitrile liquid rubber (EPBN), with a mass ratio of 4:5.

[0062] The preparation method of the second nitrile liquid rubber comprises the following steps: heating the first nitrile liquid rubber to 70°C, adding epoxy resin and catalyst, heating to 115°C under nitrogen protection, reacting for 3 hours under magnetic stirring at 300 rpm, continuing the reaction and monitoring the carboxyl content until it drops to 45% of the first nitrile liquid rubber, stopping the reaction, cooling to 75°C, and adding acetone to adjust the viscosity at 25°C to 3500 mPa·s.

[0063] The mass ratio of the first nitrile liquid rubber to the epoxy resin is 1:2.

[0064] The added amount of the catalyst is 1% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the preparation method of the second nitrile liquid rubber.

[0065] The catalyst is triphenylphosphine.

[0066] The boron nitride composition comprises a first boron nitride (HBN) and a second boron nitride (GEBN), with a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0067] The preparation method of the second boron nitride comprises the following steps: A1. Disperse the first boron nitride in a 3M NaOH solution, reflux at 80°C for 6 hours, centrifuge and wash until neutral, and dry at 100°C to obtain hydroxylated boron nitride; A2, dissolving the silane coupling agent in an ethanol aqueous solution and adjusting the pH value to 4.5, and hydrolyzing for 30 minutes to obtain a coupling agent hydrolyzate; A3. Add hydroxylated boron nitride to the coupling agent hydrolyzate, react at 80°C for 10 h under nitrogen protection, centrifuge, wash with ethanol three times, and vacuum dry to obtain the product.

[0068] In the step A1, the mass ratio of the first boron nitride to the 3M NaOH solution is 1:10.

[0069] The silane coupling agent is 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane.

[0070] In the step A2, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol aqueous solution is 1:15.

[0071] In step A2, the volume fraction of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 95%.

[0072] The added amount of the silane coupling agent is 25% of the mass of the first boron nitride.

[0073] In step A3, the specific conditions for vacuum drying are: temperature of 80° C., time of 22 h, and vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa.

[0074] The preparation method of the surface coating layer comprises the following steps: stirring an epoxy resin matrix uniformly at 70°C, adding a nitrile liquid rubber composition, stirring at 600 rpm and 55°C for 1 hour, adding a boron nitride composition in three batches, dispersing at 2000 rpm for 20 minutes after each addition, continuing to disperse for 30 minutes after all the boron nitride compositions are added, and vacuum degassing to obtain the obtained layer.

[0075] The preparation method of the carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance comprises the following steps: desizing the surface of the carbon fiber, plasma treatment, coating the surface coating layer, and curing the surface to obtain the composite material.

[0076] The specific conditions of the surface desizing are: temperature of 450° C. and time of 5 minutes.

[0077] The specific conditions of the plasma treatment are: oxygen atmosphere, power of 100 W, and treatment time of 90 s.

[0078] The specific steps of curing are: curing and forming in an autoclave to obtain the product.

[0079] The specific conditions of the curing molding are: pressure of 0.6 MPa; temperature increased to 120° C. at 2° C. / min, kept warm for 60 minutes, then increased to 165° C. at 2° C. / min, kept warm for 2 hours, and cooled to room temperature in the furnace. Example

[0080] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the boron nitride composition comprises a first boron nitride (HBN) and a second boron nitride (GEBN) in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0081] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the epoxy resin matrix are epoxy resin, curing agent, and accelerator, with a mass ratio of 100:5:1.2.

[0082] Comparative Example 2 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the epoxy resin matrix are epoxy resin, curing agent, and accelerator, with a mass ratio of 100:8:1.2.

[0083] Comparative Example 3 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer are epoxy resin matrix, nitrile liquid rubber, and boron nitride composition; and the nitrile liquid rubber is the first nitrile liquid rubber (CTBN).

[0084] Comparative Example 4 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer are epoxy resin matrix, nitrile liquid rubber, and boron nitride composition; and the nitrile liquid rubber is the second nitrile liquid rubber (EPBN).

[0085] Comparative Example 5 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the nitrile liquid rubber composition is a first nitrile liquid rubber (CTBN) and a second nitrile liquid rubber (EPBN), with a mass ratio of 7:2.

[0086] Comparative Example 6 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer are epoxy resin matrix, nitrile liquid rubber composition, and boron nitride.

[0087] The boron nitride is first boron nitride (HBN).

[0088] Comparative Example 7 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer are epoxy resin matrix, nitrile liquid rubber composition, and boron nitride.

[0089] The boron nitride is second boron nitride (GEBN).

[0090] Comparative Example 8 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the boron nitride composition comprises a first boron nitride (HBN) and a second boron nitride (GEBN) in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0091] Performance Testing Damping factor (tanδ) was tested according to ASTM D4065 at 40 Hz using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) at 25°C. Carbon fiber composite tensile strength was tested according to GB / T 3354-2014, interlaminar shear strength was tested according to GB / T 30969-2014, and impact toughness was tested according to ASTM D2344. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Measurement results .

[0093] According to statistics, the carbon fiber composite materials with high-frequency damping performance prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention have a high damping factor at a frequency of 40 Hz, which can effectively absorb road impact and improve riding comfort and control stability. At the same time, they have excellent mechanical properties, with high tensile strength, interlaminar shear strength and impact toughness, achieving simultaneous improvement in damping performance and mechanical properties. In comparative example 1, the curing agent is reduced, the crosslinking density is reduced, and the mechanical properties are reduced, but the molecular chain movement ability is enhanced and the damping factor is improved; in comparative example 2, the curing agent is increased, resulting in excessive crosslinking, reduced mechanical properties, and at the same time, the molecular chain movement is restricted, and the damping factor is reduced; in comparative example 3, there is only CTBN, although it leads to poor compatibility between the rubber phase and the epoxy resin, increased interface defects, weakened interface bonding force, and decreased tensile strength and interlaminar shear strength, but the rubber phase toughening effect of CTBN is maximized and the impact toughness is increased; in comparative example 4, there is only EPBN, and the rigid chain segment of EPBN reduces toughness and restricts plastic deformation; in comparative example 5, the proportion of CTBN is too high, resulting in increased interface defects and decreased impact toughness; in comparative example 6, there is only HBN, and the HBN interface bonding force is weak, and the mechanical properties and damping factor are reduced; in comparative example 7, there is only GEBN, and nano-agglomeration leads to stress concentration, and the agglomerates become crack sources, leading to local brittle fracture; in comparative example 8, the proportion of HBN is increased, which reduces the interface bonding force, causes interface slip, and affects the mechanical properties. It shows that the carbon fiber composite material prepared using the raw materials and methods described in this application exhibits excellent damping performance in a high-frequency vibration environment, while having high mechanical strength and interface bonding strength, which can significantly reduce the risk of injury caused by vibration transmission of sports equipment and is suitable for the field of high-end sports equipment.

[0094] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance, characterized in that: Its preparation raw materials include carbon fiber and surface coating layer; The raw materials for preparing the surface coating layer include an epoxy resin matrix, a nitrile liquid rubber composition, and a boron nitride composition; the raw materials for preparing the epoxy resin matrix include epoxy resin, a curing agent, and an accelerator; the mass ratio of the epoxy resin, curing agent, and accelerator is 100:(6-7):(1-1.5).

2. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addition amount of the nitrile liquid rubber composition is 25%-35% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the epoxy resin matrix.

3. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The added amount of the boron nitride composition is 13%-20% of the mass of the epoxy resin in the epoxy resin matrix.

4. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nitrile liquid rubber composition includes a first nitrile liquid rubber and a second nitrile liquid rubber; the mass ratio of the first nitrile liquid rubber to the second nitrile liquid rubber is (3-5):(4-6).

5. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first nitrile liquid rubber has a carboxyl content of 0.51 to 0.61 mmol / g and an acrylonitrile content of 22.1% to 27.0%.

6. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the second nitrile liquid rubber comprises the following steps: heating the first nitrile liquid rubber to 65-75°C, adding epoxy resin and catalyst, heating to 110-120°C under nitrogen protection, reacting for 3 hours under magnetic stirring at 250-350 rpm, continuing the reaction and monitoring the carboxyl content until it drops to 40%-50% of the first nitrile liquid rubber, stopping the reaction, cooling to below 75°C, and adding acetone to adjust the viscosity at 25°C to 2000-5000 mPa·s to obtain the second nitrile liquid rubber.

7. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boron nitride composition includes a first boron nitride and a second boron nitride; the mass ratio of the first boron nitride to the second boron nitride is 1:(2-6).

8. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first boron nitride is hexagonal boron nitride with an average particle size of 80-200 nm.

9. The carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the second boron nitride comprises the following steps: A1. Disperse the first boron nitride in a 3M NaOH solution, reflux at 78-82°C for 5-7h, wash by centrifugation until neutral, and dry at 100-110°C to obtain hydroxylated boron nitride; A2, dissolving the silane coupling agent in an ethanol aqueous solution and adjusting the pH value to 4-5, hydrolyzing for 25-35 minutes to obtain a coupling agent hydrolyzate; A3. Add hydroxylated boron nitride to the coupling agent hydrolyzate, react at 78-82°C for 8-12 hours under nitrogen protection, centrifuge, wash with ethanol three times, and vacuum dry to obtain.

10. A method for preparing a carbon fiber composite material with high-frequency damping performance according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The carbon fiber is surface desized, plasma treated, coated with a surface coating layer, and cured to obtain the product.