Dynamic anti-floating and pre-load cooperative application process for energy storage structure of deeply-buried pressure vessel

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic anti-floating and pre-load cooperative application process for an energy storage structure of a deeply-buried pressure container. The dynamic anti-floating and pre-load cooperative application process comprises the following steps that S1, a metal pressure container is positioned, specifically, the metal pressure container is fixed to the design position of an underground chamber; s2, applying high-pressure gas preload: injecting compressed gas into the metal pressure container, and applying initial pressure P0 to enable the container to generate radial pre-expansion deformation; s3, staged water injection counterweight and layered pouring; s4, pressure maintaining, wherein the pressure P0 in the container is kept constant before the concrete is solidified; s5, water drainage and pressure relief, wherein water in the container is drained after the concrete is solidified; buoyancy is counteracted through the water injection balance weight, and water-gas coupling dynamic anti-floating is achieved; the container is pre-expanded through high-pressure gas, pressure relief is performed after concrete is solidified, a pre-expansion cooperative bearing mechanism of metal priority bearing-concrete cooperative bearing is formed, and through two innovations of water-gas coupling dynamic anti-floating and pre-expansion cooperative bearing, the construction problem of the deeply-buried pressure container is systematically solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of construction of underground structures for deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage, and in particular to a process for collaboratively applying dynamic anti-floating and preload for deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structures. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structures, traditional processes have the following defects: 1. Buoyancy imbalance In traditional processes, metal pressure vessels are prone to vertical displacement due to buoyancy during concrete pouring, making it difficult to position the metal pressure vessels and causing deformation due to external forces and uneven gaps between concrete layers. 2. Single anti-floating measure Traditional processes often use external counterweights (such as concrete ballast blocks, anchor rods / cable anchors) or structural reinforcements (such as increasing the wall thickness of metal pressure vessels) to offset buoyancy. The counterweight materials increase costs, the anchoring construction is complex and the construction period is long, and it may damage the integrity of the external structure.

[0003] 3. Unreasonable load distribution When conventional structures are subjected to repeated inflation and deflation pressure cycles (e.g., 2-10 MPa), the concrete cover is prone to develop circumferential cracks (crack width > 0.3 mm) due to stress concentration, shortening its service life.

[0004] 4. Lack of prestressing During the construction phase, the tank structure is in a pressure-free state and is susceptible to compression deformation due to external concrete loads. During the use phase, high-pressure air causes the tank to tend to expand and deform. However, since the metal pressure vessel is in a state of contraction and deformation when the external concrete solidifies, the load is almost entirely borne by the concrete, resulting in circumferential cracks in the external concrete and reducing the bearing capacity of the structure.

[0005] Existing technologies have failed to effectively solve the above problems, and there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can solve the anti-floating stability of metal pressure vessels during the concrete pouring stage and the load distribution optimization problems during the energy storage stage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above-mentioned issues, the present application provides a process for the coordinated application of dynamic anti-floating and preload for a deeply buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, which solves the problems of anti-floating stability of metal pressure vessels during the concrete pouring stage and load distribution optimization during the energy storage stage. The technical solution is as follows: The present application provides a process for dynamically resisting buoyancy and coordinating preload application for a deeply buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, comprising the following steps: S1: Positioning of metal pressure vessel: Fixing the metal pressure vessel at the designed position of the underground chamber; S2: High-pressure gas preload application: Compressed gas is injected into the metal pressure vessel, and an initial pressure P0 is applied to cause the vessel to undergo radial pre-expansion deformation; S3: Gradual water filling and weighting and layered pouring: Pour liquid concrete to the first height h1 and meet G S ≥k1·F 浮1 ; When the pouring height reaches h1, water is injected into the container simultaneously while maintaining the pressure P0 constant. The water injection rate matches the concrete pouring rate. Continue pouring to the second height h2 and meet G S +G W ≥k2·F 浮2 ; Among them, G S is the deadweight of the metal pressure vessel, F 浮1 is the buoyancy corresponding to the pouring height h1, G W F is the weight of water in the metal pressure vessel, 浮2 is the buoyancy corresponding to the pouring height h2, k1>1, k2>1; The remaining concrete pouring schedule shall be arranged according to the setting state of the slurry and the estimated buoyancy value; S4: Pressure maintenance: Keep the pressure P0 in the container constant before the concrete solidifies; S5: Drainage and pressure relief: Drain the water in the container after the concrete solidifies.

[0007] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the values of k1 and k2 are in the range of 1.05-1.2.

[0008] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deeply buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the value range of the initial pressure P0 is 0.5-0.8 times the design pressure value of the metal pressure vessel alone.

[0009] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the initial pressure P0 is calculated by the following formula: P0=α·σ S t / r Where α is the preload coefficient, 0.3≤α≤0.7, σ S is the metal yield strength, t is the container wall thickness, and r is the container inner diameter.

[0010] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the buoyancy of the liquid concrete on the metal pressure vessel is: Among them, the arcuate volume of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel surrounded by liquid concrete is: Where R is the outer radius of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel, and h is the concrete pouring height.

[0011] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, in S3, when the pouring height reaches h1, water is injected into the container and concrete pouring continues simultaneously. During the pouring process, the water injection speed is controlled so that the container is filled with water when the pouring height reaches h2.

[0012] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the compressed gas is air or inert gas, and the pressure fluctuation in the pressure maintenance stage is ≤±0.05 MPa.

[0013] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the concrete in step S3 is high / ultra-high performance concrete with an initial setting time of ≥4 hours.

[0014] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, after draining the water in step S5, dry gas is introduced into the container to replace the residual water vapor, and the humidity is controlled to ≤10%RH.

[0015] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, a deformation monitoring step is also included: the radial deformation is monitored in real time by a strain gauge attached to the outer wall of the container, and the water injection rate or gas pressure is automatically adjusted when the deviation exceeds 5% of the design value.

[0016] Some embodiments of the present application provide a dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, which achieves a breakthrough improvement through a water-gas coordinated mechanism, bringing the following technical effects: dynamic water injection counterweights improve the anti-floating control accuracy and eliminate the vertical displacement of the metal pressure vessel; eliminate the compression deformation of the metal pressure vessel caused by concrete during concrete pouring; optimize load distribution, and adjust the load ratio of the metal pressure vessel and concrete in the energy storage artificial chamber structure according to design requirements to improve the overall bearing capacity of the structure; extend the structural life, reduce the amplitude of fatigue deformation of the concrete layer during operation, enhance the structural durability, and improve the structural service life; eliminate the anchoring structure and thickened steel plate, and significantly reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the underground metal pressure vessel energy storage structure.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1 - rock layer; 2 - reinforced concrete; 3 - metal pressure vessel; 4 - positioning track. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0021] The present application provides a dynamic anti-floating and preload collaborative application process for a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Positioning of metal pressure vessel: Fixing the metal pressure vessel at the designed position of the underground chamber; S2: High-pressure gas preload application: Compressed gas is injected into the metal pressure vessel, and an initial pressure P0 is applied to cause the vessel to undergo radial pre-expansion deformation; S3: Gradual water filling and weighting and layered pouring: Pour liquid concrete to the first height h1 and meet G S ≥k1·F 浮1 ; When the pouring height reaches h1, water is injected into the container simultaneously while maintaining the pressure P0 constant. The water injection rate matches the concrete pouring rate. Continue pouring to the second height h2 and meet G S +G W ≥k2·F 浮2 ; Among them, G S is the deadweight of the metal pressure vessel, F 浮1 is the buoyancy corresponding to the pouring height h1, G W F is the weight of water in the metal pressure vessel, 浮2 is the buoyancy corresponding to the pouring height h2, k1 and k2 are the anti-floating stability coefficients, k1>1, k2>1; Specifically, the deadweight of a metal pressure vessel (calculated based on a unit length of 1 meter) is: The buoyancy of liquid concrete on metal pressure vessels (calculated based on a unit length of 1 meter) is: The arcuate volume of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel surrounded by liquid concrete (calculated based on a unit length of 1 meter) is: The weight of a metal pressure vessel filled with water (calculated based on a unit length of 1 meter) is: Wherein, R is the outer radius of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel, h is the concrete pouring height, D1 is the outer diameter of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel, and D2 is the inner diameter of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel.

[0022] The pouring schedule of the remaining concrete shall be arranged according to the setting state of the slurry and the estimated buoyancy value to avoid anti-floating failure.

[0023] S4: Pressure maintenance: Keep the pressure P0 in the container constant before the concrete solidifies; S5: Drainage and pressure relief: Drain the water in the container after the concrete solidifies.

[0024] The dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure of the present application cooperates with the layered pouring process through graded water injection and counterweighting. The empty tank is anti-floating within the pouring height h1, and the water tank is anti-floating within the pouring height h2. Finally, pressure is maintained and solidified, solving the problem of dynamic buoyancy balance, eliminating floating displacement (≤2mm), and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the structure; the pouring heights h1 and h2 are determined by the buoyancy calculation formula, and the critical height of the first pouring is scientifically determined to prevent premature water injection from compressing the container and deforming it.

[0025] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the values of k1 and k2 are in the range of 1.05-1.2. By optimizing the safety margin, cost waste or anti-floating failure risk caused by excessive counterweight is avoided.

[0026] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, the value range of the initial pressure P0 is 0.5-0.8 times the design pressure value of the metal pressure vessel alone. The initial pressure P0 is calculated by the following formula: P0=α·σ S t / r Where α is the preload coefficient, 0.3≤α≤0.7, σ S is the metal yield strength, t is the container wall thickness, and r is the container inner diameter.

[0027] According to the above embodiment, the initial pressure can be set to different values based on different project requirements. The greater the preload, the greater the load borne by the metal container during subsequent use. This is determined by the thickness of the metal container and the concrete strength of the project. By precisely controlling the pre-expansion deformation and establishing a metal-priority load-bearing mechanism, concrete stress can be reduced by 40%.

[0028] For example, in one embodiment of the process for dynamically preventing buoyancy and coordinating preload application for a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, in step S3, when the pouring height reaches h1, water is injected into the vessel while concrete pouring continues. During the pouring process, the water injection rate is controlled so that the vessel is fully filled with water when the pouring height reaches h2. By adding water while pouring, it is avoided that filling the vessel with water prematurely, which would cause the water's own weight to compress the vessel and cause some uneven deformation.

[0029] For example, in one embodiment of the process for dynamic anti-floating and coordinated preload application for a deeply buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, the compressed gas is air or an inert gas, and the pressure fluctuation during the pressure maintenance phase is ≤±0.05 MPa. By maintaining pressure in step S4, the stability of the pre-expansion deformation is maintained, preventing failure of the coordinated load-bearing due to stress relaxation.

[0030] For example, in one embodiment of the process for dynamically buoyant-resistant and preload-coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, the concrete in step S3 is high-performance / ultra-high-performance concrete with an initial setting time of 4 hours or longer. According to this embodiment, hydration thermal cracking is reduced, and an initial setting time of 4 hours or longer ensures uniform pressure transmission.

[0031] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, after draining the water in step S5, dry gas is introduced into the container to replace the residual water vapor, and the humidity is controlled to ≤10%RH to prevent corrosion of the metal inner wall and extend the life of the container.

[0032] For example, in the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure provided in one embodiment, a deformation monitoring step is also included: the radial deformation is monitored in real time by a strain gauge attached to the outer wall of the container, and the water injection rate or gas pressure is automatically adjusted when the deviation exceeds the design value by 5%, so as to control the construction quality in a closed-loop manner and prevent irreversible damage to the structure.

[0033] The present invention addresses the dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structures. This process addresses the dynamic anti-floating control of large-diameter metal pressure vessels during the pouring of fluidized concrete. A preload application system is constructed to eliminate the compressive deformation of the metal pressure vessel caused by concrete during pouring, adjust the load distribution ratio between the metal pressure vessel and concrete in the energy storage chamber during the energy storage phase, and reduce the working stress of the concrete layer by pre-deforming the metal pressure vessel, thereby improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the structure. This pre-applied internal pressure load has a dual effect: First, during the concrete pouring phase, this internal pressure load actively offsets the pressure exerted by the external liquid concrete on the vessel wall, effectively suppressing or compensating for unintended deformation during this phase and ensuring the accuracy of the structural form. Second, this internal pressure load causes the metal vessel to undergo controlled, elastic expansion deformation. Once the concrete has fully solidified and reached a predetermined strength, the internal pressure load is released. At this point, as the concrete has hardened and set, the metal vessel will undergo an elastic contraction tendency, creating an initial yielding space between the metal vessel and the concrete interface. This compression-yielding deformation space allows the metal container to preferentially bear its share of the initial load when the structure subsequently undergoes internal service, until its elastic retraction is offset by the load. Thereafter, the load is carried collaboratively by the metal container and the reinforced concrete structure surrounding it. This process optimizes the load transfer path of the composite structure through the proactive pre-deformation mechanism, improving the overall structural load-bearing capacity and material utilization, and avoiding the underutilization of the metal container's load-bearing potential due to the relatively insufficient toughness of concrete.

[0034] Example 1. Metal pressure vessel parameters: inner diameter 5m, wall thickness 20mm, Q345R steel plate (yield strength 345MPa), external concrete pouring thickness 700mm; 2. Initial Pressure: Compressed air is injected into the metal pressure vessel, setting an initial pressure of 1 MPa to induce initial deformation. In this embodiment, 1 MPa is calculated based on the thickness of the tank, and the preload coefficient is 0.5.

[0035] 3. Concrete pouring: Assuming the anti-buoyancy stability coefficients k1 and k2 are 1.05, and using the buoyancy calculation formula, the first concrete pouring height is h1 = 0.48 meters and h2 = 2.25 meters. Concrete pouring begins. When the pouring height reaches 0.48 meters, the weight of the hollow tank equals 1.05 times the buoyancy of the tank. At this point, water is added to the metal pressure vessel, maintaining the initial pressure. During the filling process, the combined weight of the tank and water must be greater than or equal to 1.05 times the buoyancy of the tank.

[0036] When the pouring height reaches 2.25 meters, the metal pressure vessel is filled with water, and the weight of the water and the vessel itself is 1.05 times the buoyancy of the metal pressure vessel in the concrete. The pouring is stopped, and subsequent concrete pours are allowed to proceed after the concrete has initially set. The subsequent concrete pours are then poured in a single pass. The remaining concrete pours are scheduled based on the slurry setting state and estimated buoyancy to avoid anti-floating failures.

[0037] 4. Maintain pressure: keep the pressure in the tank constant during the concrete solidification process.

[0038] 5. Drain and release pressure. After 72 hours, when the concrete is completely solidified and has some strength, drain the water inside the tank.

[0039] The dynamic anti-floating and pre-load collaborative application process of the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure of the present application offsets the buoyancy by injecting water and counterweights, and achieves water-gas coupled dynamic anti-floating to eliminate floating displacement; the high-pressure gas pre-expands the container, and the pressure is released after the concrete solidifies to form a "metal priority load-bearing-concrete collaborative load-bearing" pre-expansion collaborative load-bearing mechanism. During the pre-compression stage, the high-pressure gas causes the container to expand radially, and during the concrete solidification stage, the container shrinks and fits tightly with the concrete. After the pressure is released, the metal preferentially bears the high-pressure gas load to achieve stress distribution optimization. This process systematically solves the construction difficulties of deep-buried pressure vessels through two major innovations of water-gas coupled dynamic anti-floating and pre-expansion collaborative load-bearing, and provides high-reliability solutions for compressed air energy storage (CAES), hydrogen storage and transportation and other projects.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Positioning of metal pressure vessel: Fixing the metal pressure vessel at the designed position of the underground chamber; S2: High-pressure gas preload application: Compressed gas is injected into the metal pressure vessel, and an initial pressure P0 is applied to cause the vessel to undergo radial pre-expansion deformation; S3: Gradual water filling and weighting and layered pouring: Pour liquid concrete to the first height h1 and meet G S ≥k1·F 浮1 ; When the pouring height reaches h1, water is injected into the container simultaneously while maintaining the pressure P0 constant. The water injection rate matches the concrete pouring rate. Continue pouring to the second height h2 and meet G S +G W ≥k2·F 浮2 ; Among them, G S is the deadweight of the metal pressure vessel, F 浮1 is the buoyancy corresponding to the pouring height h1, G W F is the weight of water in the metal pressure vessel, 浮2 is the buoyancy corresponding to the pouring height h2, k1>1, k2>1; The remaining concrete pouring schedule shall be arranged according to the setting state of the slurry and the estimated buoyancy value; S4: Pressure maintenance: Keep the pressure P0 in the container constant before the concrete solidifies; S5: Drainage and pressure relief: Drain the water in the container after the concrete solidifies.

2. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The value range of k1 and k2 is 1.05-1.

2.

3. The dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The value range of the initial pressure P0 is 0.5-0.8 times the design pressure value of the metal pressure vessel.

4. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The initial pressure P0 is calculated by the following formula: P0=a·s S ·t / r Where α is the preload coefficient, 0.3≤α≤0.7, σ S is the metal yield strength, t is the container wall thickness, and r is the container inner diameter.

5. The dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application process for the deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buoyancy of liquid concrete on metal pressure vessels is: Among them, the arcuate volume of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel surrounded by liquid concrete is: Where R is the outer radius of the cylindrical metal pressure vessel, and h is the concrete pouring height.

6. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, when the pouring height reaches h1, water is poured into the container and concrete pouring is continued simultaneously. During the pouring process, the water injection speed is controlled so that the container is filled with water when the pouring height reaches h2.

7. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compressed gas is air or inert gas, and the pressure fluctuation in the pressure maintenance stage is ≤±0.05 MPa.

8. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the concrete is high / ultra-high performance concrete, and the initial setting time is ≥4 hours.

9. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After draining in step S5, dry gas is introduced into the container to replace the remaining water vapor, and the humidity is controlled to be ≤10%RH.

10. The process for dynamic anti-floating and preload coordinated application of a deep-buried pressure vessel energy storage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a deformation monitoring step: the radial deformation is monitored in real time through strain gauges attached to the outer wall of the container, and the water injection rate or gas pressure is automatically adjusted when the deviation exceeds the design value by 5%.

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