Housing cover system for a drive train of an electric vehicle and / or electric device and drive train for an electric vehicle and / or electric device having such a housing cover system

Abstract

The invention relates to a housing cover system for a drive train of an electric vehicle and / or an electric device, the drive train having at least one electric machine and at least one housing, the electric machine having a shaft, the housing having at least one base housing with an opening, the housing cover system having a base body, at least one fastening means, and at least one fastening means. Wherein the basic body is connected and / or connectable to the basic housing by means of fastening means, an opening of the basic housing is closed by means of a housing cover system, a grounding element is arranged and / or formed on the basic body, and the grounding element is coupled to the shaft in such a way that a voltage and / or a current can be conducted from the shaft via the grounding element. The invention also relates to an associated drive train. The housing cover system is thus implemented in a weight-reducing and / or space-saving manner, i.e. The base body has an electrically insulating material and / or the base body is produced from an electrically insulating material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a housing cover system for a drive train having the features of the preamble of patent claim 1. The invention also relates to a drive train for an electric vehicle and / or an electric device having such a housing cover system. Background Art

[0002] Drive trains for electric vehicles and / or electric devices typically include at least one electric motor and at least one housing, in particular, a transmission housing that at least partially surrounds a transmission. The electric motor has a shaft. The housing has at least one basic housing with an opening. The housing cover system includes a basic body, at least one fastening element, in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element. The basic body is connected and / or connectable to the basic housing by means of the fastening element. The opening of the basic housing is closed and / or closable by means of the housing cover system, in particular, substantially by means of the basic body. The grounding element is arranged and / or constructed on the basic body. The grounding element is connected and / or connectable to the shaft in such a way that voltage and / or current can be diverted from the shaft via the grounding element. The electric motor, in particular its shaft, can be electrically grounded in many different, and other, ways.

[0003] Drive trains for electric vehicles and / or electric devices typically also include a battery and a pulse-controlled inverter. A pulse-controlled inverter, in particular, generates alternating current from the battery's direct current. The resulting alternating current can then be used to set or adjust the speed of the motor, depending on the generated frequency. In pulse-controlled inverters, the frequency is typically generated using pulse width modulation. During pulse width modulation, a temporarily constant voltage is switched between two values. The duty cycle of the square-wave pulses (i.e., the duration of the pulses forming the square-wave pulses) is modulated while maintaining a constant frequency. The voltage is never balanced, as it is either 0 volts or, when the pulses switch rapidly, has positive or negative values, particularly in all three phases. This results in a square wave or, preferably, a six-level waveform. This means that common-mode voltages are present, which can be capacitively induced on the motor shaft. Furthermore, large motors, especially those exceeding 75 kW, as well as medium-voltage motors, may also have high-frequency circulating currents. Simply put, grounding the motor shaft is therefore sometimes necessary and desirable; otherwise, pitting, gloss loss, and / or groove damage can occur.

[0004] US Pat. No. 5,661,356 A, on which the present invention is based, discloses a housing cover system and an associated electric motor. Here, a grounding element for the motor shaft or tachometer shaft protects the shaft bearings. A spring-loaded brush contacts the shaft or tachometer shaft. The electric motor comprises a housing with a base housing. The shaft is rotatably supported on the base housing via bearings. An opening in the base housing can be closed by means of a housing cover system comprising a base body and the grounding element, in particular essentially by means of the base body of the housing cover system. The grounding element is arranged on the base body of the housing cover system. For example, a voltage induced on the shaft by pulse width modulation is conducted via the grounding element and the electrically conductive base body through the bearings into the base housing.

[0005] WO 2022 / 135715 A1 describes a grounding element or device for conducting current and / or voltage away from a rotor portion of an electric motor, which includes a shaft. The grounding element is supported on a retaining element of the electric motor, in particular a housing, where the shaft bearing is also supported on the retaining element. The grounding element and the retaining element are made of conductive metal, thereby creating an electrically conductive connection between the grounding element and the retaining element.

[0006] EP 2 835 289 A2 shows an electric motor and an associated transmission for a windshield wiper. The motor and transmission are arranged in a common housing, in particular a base housing. The opening of the base housing can be closed by means of a housing cover system with a base body and a grounding element, in particular essentially by means of the base body. The base body is made of metal and is therefore electrically conductive. The base body has a recess in which an electrical connector with a non-conductive housing area and a conductive core is accommodated. A signal representing the parking state of the transmission can be routed through the base body via the electrical connector. The base body can serve as a ground for a circuit for detecting the parking state. The base body also has a groove for accommodating a seal.

[0007] DE 11 2013 006 102 T5 discloses an electric motor and a transmission for a sunroof. A transmission cover, designed as a metal plate, is arranged between the gears of the transmission and the printed circuit board. Inductive voltages can be dissipated by means of the transmission cover, thereby protecting the printed circuit board from these voltages.

[0008] However, the housing cover systems known in the prior art are not yet optimally constructed. In particular, the known housing cover systems have a high weight. In addition, the functional scope of the known housing cover systems is also partially severely limited.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive trains known in the prior art are not yet optimally designed. In particular, the electrical grounding of the drive trains already known in the prior art, or the grounding of the electric motors used here, often requires additional installation space in or at the drive train. This often results in, for example, an increase in the shaft of the electric motor and / or other parts of the drive train and / or an increase in the mass of the shaft of the electric motor and / or the drive train. This requires additional installation space and / or leads to a reduction in passenger and / or loading space and / or a restriction of the installation space available for other components (such as cooling elements, air conditioning units and / or control units). The latter increases material costs and / or also reduces operating efficiency. The aforementioned limited functional scope of the known housing cover systems also leads to an increase in the installation space required for the known drive trains. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention is therefore based on the object of designing and / or improving a housing cover system or a drive train for a drive train of an electric vehicle and / or an electric device in such a way that the housing cover system and / or the associated drive train can be implemented in a manner that saves structural space and / or reduces weight, in particular wherein the shaft of the electric motor of the drive train can be electrically grounded in a space-saving (and in particular also simple and / or cost-effective and / or energy-efficient) manner by means of the housing cover system.

[0011] The object on which the invention is based is now achieved for a housing cover system by the features of patent claim 1 .

[0012] One aspect of the invention consists first and foremost in that the base body comprises an electrically insulating material and / or is produced from an electrically insulating material.

[0013] Electrically conductive materials typically have a higher density than electrically insulating, non-conductive materials. For example, the density of conductive steel is 7.85 g / cm 3 The density of conductive aluminum is 2.59 g / cm 3 , and the density of electrically insulating PA66GF30 is 1.34g / cm 3 The basic body and thus also the entire housing cover system can thus be designed to be particularly lightweight. The necessary stability is preferably also ensured by reinforcing ribs formed on the basic body, thereby also minimizing, or at least reducing, the amount of material required for the basic body.

[0014] The base body preferably comprises and / or is manufactured from an electrically insulating plastic, in particular PA66GF30. The electrically insulating material, in particular the plastic, is preferably fiber-reinforced (for example, with carbon fibers and / or glass fibers). When using an electrically insulating raw material for the base body, in particular a plastic, the functional surfaces (for example, sealing surfaces) can be produced more easily and in fewer work steps, in particular fewer machining steps, than when using electrically conductive materials such as steel or aluminum.

[0015] Thus, at least the lightweight construction principle of lightweight construction of material is advantageously achieved by means of the housing cover system through the selection of electrically insulating material and / or through the structurally lightweight construction of the reinforcement ribs.

[0016] Nevertheless, voltages and / or currents can be dissipated via the housing cover system with its electrically insulating base body, since the base housing is preferably at least partially electrically conductive, and the grounding element is connected and / or connectable to the base housing, particularly to its electrically conductive regions, such that these voltages and / or currents can be dissipated from the shaft into the base housing via the grounding element. Thus, the housing cover system advantageously also achieves the principle of lightweight system construction, since the housing cover system simultaneously fulfills multiple functions, particularly sealing the opening of the base housing and the grounding of the shaft. The multiple functions of the housing cover system also reduce the required installation space. The housing cover system, particularly the grounding element, allows voltages and / or currents to be advantageously conducted through the shaft bearings. Consequently, the shaft bearings are protected from so-called pitting damage, gloss damage, and / or groove damage in a simple, cost-effective, and energy-efficient manner.

[0017] Advantageously, an electrically conductive connecting element is provided and / or present. The grounding element is electrically conductively connected and / or connectable to the base housing, in particular to an electrically conductive region thereof, by means of the connecting element. The connecting element then essentially only needs to fulfill the function of discharging current and / or voltage from the shaft into the base housing (i.e., grounding), which can therefore be achieved particularly well and efficiently. For this purpose, the connecting element advantageously comprises and / or is manufactured from copper.

[0018] Furthermore, the electrically conductive connecting element is electrically conductively connected and / or connectable to the base housing, in particular to an electrically conductive region thereof, via at least one electrically conductive fastening element and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve that at least partially surrounds the fastening element. In particular, forces, in particular tightening forces, generated and / or generable by the fastening element, in particular a screw, can be absorbed by the sleeve. In addition to the fastening function, the use of the fastening element and / or sleeve for grounding further reduces the installation space required for the housing cover system or the associated drive train, in terms of lightweight construction of the system.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the housing cover system, the grounding element comprises an electrically conductive contact element, in particular a grounding pin, which contacts the shaft, and an electrically insulating retaining element. The contact element is electrically conductively connected to the connecting means, in particular the contact element is in electrically conductive contact with the connecting means. Voltage and / or current can be conducted from the grounding element via the connecting means, in particular into the basic housing. By dividing the grounding element, in particular into a contact element and a retaining element, the contact element and the retaining element can be designed particularly well with respect to their respective functions, namely with respect to conducting current and / or voltage by means of the contact element and with respect to connecting or fastening the grounding element to the basic body by means of the retaining element. The contact element preferably has a brush and / or brush-like structure in the contact region, so that voltage and / or current can be introduced into the contact element with low losses and / or so that electrically conductive contact between the contact element and the shaft can be achieved particularly reliably, for example even under high mechanical loads on the housing cover system.

[0020] Preferably, the connecting device comprises a cup-shaped region that at least partially surrounds the retaining element and a tab region. The tab region is electrically conductively connected to the cup-shaped region, in particular, welded thereto. The tab region is designed to extend from the cup-shaped region. Consequently, the cup-shaped region can be easily connected to the retaining element. In particular, the cup-shaped region merely needs to be placed onto the retaining element, thereby achieving a sufficiently stable connection between the retaining element and the cup-shaped region. The tab region can thus easily be used to conduct current and / or voltage in a desired direction / towards a desired location.

[0021] It can be advantageous if the contact element is arranged so as to penetrate the holding element and, on the side of the holding element facing away from the axis, makes electrically conductive contact with the connecting element, in particular with its cup-shaped region. This allows the grounding element to be very stable, while still achieving good, low-loss grounding.

[0022] If the tab region has a through-hole and the fastening element is arranged and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the tab region in the region of the through-hole, a particularly good and / or easily produced electrically conductive connection can be achieved between the connecting element and the fastening element and / or a sleeve at least partially surrounding the fastening element. In particular, the tab region can be clamped between the sleeve and the fastening element, in particular the screw head of a screw element, so as to abut the through-hole. This arrangement allows a sufficiently large contact surface to be achieved between the tab region on the one hand and the fastening element and / or sleeve on the other hand for a desired good electrical connection.

[0023] The basic body advantageously has a recess. The retaining element and the connecting means are at least partially arranged within the recess. In particular, a clamping connection is formed between the retaining element and / or the connecting means and the basic body in the region of the recess. This allows the grounding element and the connecting means to be assembled to the basic body particularly quickly and easily without additional components, in particular by inserting them into the recess. In the assembled state, a secure clamping connection is achieved by the thus partially elastically deformable retaining element, the thus partially elastically deformable connecting means, and / or the thus partially elastically deformable basic body.

[0024] In another embodiment of the housing cover system, the grounding element, in particular its contact element, is designed so that the corresponding shaft can make contact in the region of its end face. In particular, the grounding element is preloaded and / or preloadable relative to the shaft using a spring element. The shaft's particularly good accessibility at the end face further reduces the required installation space for the drive train, as the housing's interior space can be utilized particularly well. In other words, the grounding function can be implemented in a particularly space-saving manner. Furthermore, the relative speed between the contact element and the shaft can be reduced during shaft rotation, as the shaft contacts at its end face and is as close to the shaft axis as possible. This low relative speed reduces friction and, therefore, wear on the shaft and / or contact element. The preload achieved by the spring element can be set particularly precisely to the desired value for good grounding. In particular, the spring element prevents contact interruptions. Advantageously, a specially designed running surface for contact is not required. However, the end face or end surface of the shaft can optionally be provided with a specific surface material.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment of the housing cover system, the grounding element, in particular its contact element axis, is arranged and / or can be arranged parallel to the axis of the shaft. This can further reduce the structural space required for implementing the grounding function.

[0026] If the housing cover system, in particular the basic body of the housing cover system, has an oil-conducting area, the functional range of the housing cover system is expanded. The oil-conducting area is arranged and / or can be arranged and / or formed on the side of the housing cover system that faces and / or can face the shaft. In this way, the housing cover system can perform both grounding and oil-conducting functions, thereby achieving both functions in a highly advantageous manner with respect to weight, cost, and / or energy efficiency. Advantageously, space that would otherwise be occupied and / or unused in the drive train can be utilized and, in a space-saving, space-saving, or space-neutral manner, the oil can be applied to, and thus, in particular, cool and / or lubricate, the electric motor, in particular its shaft. Furthermore, the assembly effort for the housing cover system and the associated drive train is reduced, in particular by utilizing the housing cover system to perform multiple functions and thus reducing the number of components overall.

[0027] The oil-conducting region is preferably formed by means of an electrically insulating, separate-component oil-conducting element, which is connected and / or connectable to the base body, in particular, by a snap-on connection, a clip connection, and / or a spring connection. In particular, the grounding element is arranged and / or connectable so as to penetrate the oil-conducting element. This allows the oil-conducting element to be fastened to the base body in a particularly simple and assembly-friendly manner. Furthermore, this can, for example, reduce or minimize accumulated maintenance costs and / or servicing expenses, if necessary. However, it is also conceivable to form the oil-conducting region on the base body or to form it accordingly. However, in this case, the base body can be manufactured, for example, by means of an injection molding method, using only a very complex and expensive tool. Thus, manufacturing the oil-conducting element as a separate component and subsequently connecting it to the base body reduces overall manufacturing and assembly costs.

[0028] The shaft is preferably designed as a hollow shaft, and the oil-conducting region is then designed and / or constructed to conduct oil into the interior of the shaft. This achieves particularly effective cooling of the shaft. In particular, the oil-conducting region comprises a hollow-cylindrical axial section and / or a connecting piece that extends and / or can extend into the interior of the shaft. This has proven to be particularly advantageous for reducing installation space.

[0029] A housing cover system designed in this manner can be designed, in particular, for a drive train for an electric vehicle and / or an electric machine (e.g., for a road vehicle or a motor vehicle and / or a rail vehicle and / or for agricultural machinery, forestry machinery and / or construction machinery and / or for a ground conveying machine with an electric motor), or can be arranged accordingly. In particular, the housing cover system can be designed and / or constructed for such a drive train.

[0030] The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a drive train having the features of patent claim 15 .

[0031] One aspect of the present invention is thus essentially a drive train for an electric vehicle and / or electric device having at least one electric motor, at least one housing, in particular a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission, and at least one housing cover system as described above. The electric motor has a shaft, the housing having at least one base body with an opening, the base body of the housing cover system being connected to the base body by means of fastening means, and the opening of the base body being closed by means of the housing cover system, in particular substantially by means of the base body. The housing cover system is thus assembled in the drive train at the corresponding position as described above. The advantages of the housing cover system described above also have a corresponding positive effect on the drive train, which have already been partially mentioned above.

[0032] Such a drive train can be used in many electric vehicles and / or electric devices. For example, such a drive train can be designed for road vehicles or motor vehicles and / or rail vehicles and / or agricultural machinery, forestry machinery and / or construction machinery and / or ground conveying equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] There are numerous possibilities for advantageously designing and / or improving the housing cover system and the drive train according to the invention. For this purpose, reference should first be made to the claims dependent on claim 1 and claim 15. Preferred embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the associated description. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1a In the schematic illustration, a configuration of the housing cover system according to the invention is shown in a substantially three-dimensional view of the inner side of the housing cover system.

[0035] Figure 1b The schematic illustration shows a three-dimensional view of the outer side of the housing cover system. Figure 1a The embodiment of the housing cover system according to the invention,

[0036] Figure 1c The schematic diagram shows a three-dimensional exploded view of the Figure 1a The embodiment of the housing cover system according to the invention,

[0037] Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows a cutaway side view of the Figure 1a A design of the drive train according to the invention of the housing cover-system, and

[0038] Figure 3 In a greatly simplified schematic illustration, an electric vehicle having a drive train according to the invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Figures 1a to 1c A housing cover system 1 is shown in each case for a drive train 2 of an electric vehicle 3 and / or an electric device.

[0040] However, the drive train 2 itself is Figure 2 is only partially shown in Figure 3 1 is shown as part of an electric vehicle 3 .

[0041] The drive train 2 has at least one electric motor 4 and at least one housing 5, in particular a transmission housing, which at least partially surrounds a transmission 6. The electric motor 4 has a shaft 7. The housing 5 has at least one basic housing 8 with an opening 8.0.

[0042] The housing cover system 1 comprises a base body 9, at least one fastening means 10, in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element 11. The base body 9 is connected and / or connectable to the base housing 8 by means of the fastening means 10. The opening 8.0 of the base housing 8 is closed and / or closable by means of the housing cover system 1, in particular substantially by means of the base body 9.

[0043] Figure 2 The assembled state is shown, in which the base body 9 is connected to the base housing 8 by means of the fastening means 10 and the opening 8 .O of the base housing 8 is therefore closed by means of the housing cover system 1 , in particular substantially by means of the base body 9 . Figure 2 It is also shown that gears are configured on the outer periphery of the shaft 7 as part of the transmission 6 .

[0044] A grounding element 11 is arranged and / or formed on the base body 9. The grounding element 11 is coupled and / or connectable to the shaft 7 in such a way that a voltage and / or a current can be conducted away from the shaft 7 via the grounding element 11. The base body 9 comprises and / or is manufactured from an electrically insulating material.

[0045] The main housing 8 is at least partially electrically conductive. A grounding element 11 is connected and / or connectable to the main housing 8, in particular to its electrically conductive regions, such that voltage and / or current can be conducted from the shaft 7 into the main housing 8 via the grounding element 11. In particular, the main housing 8 is constructed and / or manufactured entirely from an electrically conductive material, such as steel or aluminum. The main housing 8 is then preferably manufactured using a casting method with subsequent machining.

[0046] An electrically conductive connecting element 12 is provided and / or present. Grounding element 11 is electrically conductively connected and / or connectable to base housing 8 , in particular to electrically conductive regions thereof, by means of connecting element 12. Connecting element 12 advantageously comprises and / or is made of copper. However, connecting element 12 may also comprise and / or be made of other electrically conductive materials (such as steel and / or aluminum). In particular, a material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper, is selected.

[0047] The connecting element 12 is electrically connected and / or connectable to the base housing 8, in particular to a region thereof, via at least one electrically conductive fastening element 10 and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve 13 that at least partially surrounds the fastening element 10. The connecting element can also be electrically connected and / or connectable directly to the base housing, in particular to a region thereof. However, since the connecting element 12 is electrically connected and / or connectable to the base housing 8, in particular to a region thereof, via at least one electrically conductive fastening element 10 and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve 13 that at least partially surrounds the fastening element 10, an electrical connection between the grounding element 11 and the base housing 8 can advantageously be established when the base body 9 is mounted on the base housing 8.

[0048] The grounding element 11 has an electrically conductive contact element 11.K, in particular a grounding pin, that contacts the shaft 7, and an electrically insulating retaining element 11.H. The contact element 11.K is electrically conductively connected to a connecting element 12. In particular, the contact element 11.K is in electrically conductive contact with the connecting element 12. Voltage and / or current can be conducted from the grounding element 11 via the connecting element 12, in particular into the base housing 8. The grounding element 11.K, in particular the grounding pin, in particular has a brush that contacts the shaft 7. The brush also has at least one electrically conductive cross section or is formed from an electrically conductive material.

[0049] Connecting element 12 includes a cup-shaped region 12.TB that at least partially surrounds retaining element 11.H, and a tab region 12.LB. Tab region 12.LB is electrically conductively connected to cup-shaped region 12.TB, in particular, welded to it, and is configured to extend from cup-shaped region 12.TB. Tab region 12.LB extends away from cup-shaped region 12.TB. Connecting element 12, in particular tab region 12.LB, bridges the spatial distance between grounding element 11 and fastening element 10, sleeve 13, or base housing 8. It can also be said that, in particular through such a connecting element 12 and the grounding performed therethrough, it is also possible for base body 9 to include and / or be manufactured from an electrically insulating material.

[0050] Contact element 11.K is arranged so as to penetrate holding element 11.H. On the side of holding element 11.H facing away from shaft 7, contact element 11.K makes electrically conductive contact with connecting element 12, in particular its cup-shaped region 12.TB. Thus, contact element 11.K protrudes from holding element 11.H both toward shaft 7 and toward connecting element 12.

[0051] The tab region 12.LB has a through-hole. The fastening element 10 is arranged and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the tab region 12.LB in the region of the through-hole. In particular, the tab region 12.LB can be clamped adjacent to the through-hole between the sleeve 13, preferably the end face of the sleeve 13, and the fastening element 10, in particular the screw head of the screw. This arrangement allows for a sufficiently large contact surface for a desired good electrical connection between the tab region 12.LB on the one hand and the fastening element 10 and / or sleeve 13 on the other hand. Preferably, the sleeve 13 contacts the base housing 8, in particular its electrically conductive region, with the end face opposite the tab region 12.LB. The fastening element 10 and / or sleeve 13 preferably penetrate the base housing 8 in the region of the through-hole provided for this purpose. In particular, multiple such through-holes are provided so that the base body 9 can be connected and / or connected to the base housing 8 by means of multiple fastening elements 10, in particular when a flange connection is provided.

[0052] The basic body 9 has a recess 14. The retaining element 11.H and the connecting element 12 are at least partially arranged in the recess 14. In particular, a clamping connection is formed between the retaining element 11.H and / or the connecting element 12 and the basic body 9 in the region of the recess 14. The connecting element 12 then contacts the basic body 9 in the region of this recess 14 with the outer side of the cup-shaped area 12.TB. The inner side of the cup-shaped area 12.TB then contacts the retaining element 11.H. It is also conceivable that a stop is provided on the retaining element 11.H and / or the connecting element 12, by means of which a specific position of the retaining element 11.H and / or the connecting element 12 relative to the basic body 9 can be achieved through the contact of the stop with the basic body 9.

[0053] The grounding element 11, in particular its contact element 11.K, is designed such that the shaft 7 can be contacted in the region of its end face 7.S. In particular, the contact element 11.K is prestressed and / or can be prestressed relative to the shaft 7 by means of a spring element 11.F. For example, the spring element 11.F can be designed as a helical spring, which is supported and / or can be supported on one side at the contact element 11.K and on the opposite side at the connecting element 12, in particular in its cup-shaped region 12.TB.

[0054] The grounding element 11, in particular its contact element 11.K, is arranged and / or can be arranged axially parallel to the axis A of the shaft 7. In particular, the contact element 11.K is at least partially movable relative to the retaining element 11.H. Thus, the contact element 11.K, in particular a portion of the contact element 11.K, can be pressed axially against the end face 7.S of the shaft 7 by means of the spring element 11.F, while contact between the contact element 11.K and the connecting element 12 continues to be maintained.

[0055] The housing cover system 1, in particular the base body 9 of the housing cover system 1, has an oil-conducting area 15. The oil-conducting area 15 is arranged and / or can be arranged and / or formed on a side of the housing cover system 1 that faces and / or can face the shaft 7. Oil can be supplied to the shaft 7 by means of the oil-conducting area 15 for cooling the shaft 7.

[0056] The oil-conducting area 15 is formed by means of an electrically insulating, separate component, oil-conducting element 16, which is connected and / or connectable to the base body 9, in particular by means of a snap connection, a clip connection, and / or a spring connection. In particular, the grounding element 11 is arranged and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the oil-conducting element 16.

[0057] The shaft 7 is designed as a hollow shaft, and the oil-conducting area 15 is designed and / or constructed for conducting oil into the interior 7.I of the shaft 7. In particular, the oil-conducting area 15 has a hollow cylindrical axial section 17 and / or a nozzle which extends into the interior 7.I of the shaft 7 and / or can extend into the interior 7.I of the shaft 7.

[0058] To create a snap-on, clip-on, and / or spring connection, corresponding clips 18 are arranged and / or formed on the oil-conducting element 16. In the connected state, these clips each at least partially engage in a corresponding clip-on recess 19 formed in the base body 9. In the assembled state, the grounding element 11 preferably penetrates the oil-conducting element 16 in the region of a grounding element through-hole 20 formed for this purpose in the oil-conducting element 16. The oil-conducting region 15 has an oil collecting region, particularly formed substantially between the oil-conducting element 16 and the base body 9, from which oil can be supplied to the shaft 7 via a hollow-cylindrical axial section 17 and / or a connecting piece. Oil can be supplied to the oil collecting region via an oil inlet 21, preferably formed in the oil-conducting element 16. In particular, during operation of the drive train 2, oil is ejected from the oil sump toward the oil inlet 21 by means of at least one gear of the transmission 6. It is conceivable that the oil can flow out again from the interior 7 . I of the shaft 7 . I via a shaft oil outlet in the form of a radially continuous bore, for example in order to cool elements of the rotor of the electric machine 4 arranged therein.

[0059] The shaft 7 is rotatably supported in the base housing 8 by means of a bearing 22, in particular a rolling bearing. It is conceivable that oil can also be supplied to the bearing 22 for cooling and / or lubrication thereof by means of the oil-conducting area 15. The aforementioned voltage and / or current can be conducted from the shaft 7 through the bearing 22 by means of the aforementioned grounding of the shaft 7, thereby successfully avoiding spark erosion in the bearing 22 and the resulting bearing damage.

[0060] The basic body 9 has, in particular, on its outer side, reinforcing ribs 23 for increasing its stability. The basic body 9 also has a groove 24 in which a seal 25 can be arranged, wherein, in the assembled state of the basic body 9 on the basic housing 8, the seal 25 then arranged in the groove 24 improves the sealing between the basic body 9 and the basic housing 8, in particular, oil cannot penetrate here.

[0061] In addition to the drive train 2, Figure 3 The electric vehicle 3 shown in FIG. 1 has at least one battery 26, at least one pulse-controlled inverter 27, at least one sideshaft 28, and at least one wheel 29. The pulse-controlled inverter 27 has the particular task of generating alternating current from the direct current of the battery 26. The generated alternating current can be used to set the speed of the electric motor 4, depending on the frequency generated. The frequency is typically generated in the pulse-controlled inverter 27 using pulse width modulation. The sideshaft 28 is operatively connected and / or connectable to the electric motor 4, in particular to the transmission 6, in particular via a differential, so that torque can be transmitted between the electric motor 4 and the wheel 29 connected to the sideshaft 28 via the sideshaft 28. Any potential or corresponding current and / or voltage can be further conducted from the base housing 8 to the body of the electric vehicle 3, if necessary.

[0062] Reference Signs List

[0063] 1 Housing cover-system

[0064] 2 Drive system

[0065] 3 Electric vehicles

[0066] 4 motors

[0067] 5. Housing

[0068] 6 Transmission

[0069] 7-axis

[0070] 7. End side of S axis 7

[0071] 7.Inner space of I axis 7

[0072] 8 basic shell

[0073] 8.O Opening of the basic housing 8

[0074] 9 Housing cover - the basic body of the system 1

[0075] 10 Fastening devices

[0076] 11 Grounding element

[0077] 11.K contact element

[0078] 11.H holding element

[0079] 11.F Spring element

[0080] 12 Connectors

[0081] 12. Cup-shaped area of TB connector 12

[0082] 12. Tab area of LB connector 12

[0083] 13 sleeve

[0084] 14 blank space

[0085] 15 Oil guide area

[0086] 16 Oil guide element

[0087] 17 Hollow cylindrical axial section

[0088] 18 Clip

[0089] 19 clip-blank part

[0090] 20 Grounding element - through hole

[0091] 21 Oil-Inlet

[0092] 22 bearings

[0093] 23 reinforcement ribs

[0094] 24 slots

[0095] 25 seals

[0096] 26 Batteries

[0097] 27-pulse inverter

[0098] 28 side shaft

[0099] 29 wheels

[0100] Axis axis of axis 7

Claims

1. A housing cover system (1) for a drive train (2) of an electric vehicle (3) and / or an electric device, wherein: The drive train (2) comprises at least one electric motor (4) and at least one housing (5), in particular a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission (6), wherein the electric motor (4) has a shaft (7), wherein the housing (5) has at least one basic housing (8) with an opening (8.O), wherein the housing cover system (1) comprises a basic body (9), at least one fastening element (10), in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element (11), wherein the basic body (9) is connected and / or connectable to the basic housing (8) by means of the fastening element (10), wherein the opening (8.0) of the basic housing (8) is closed and / or closable by means of the housing cover system (1), in particular essentially by means of the basic body (9), wherein the grounding element (11) is arranged and / or constructed on the basic body (9), and wherein the grounding element (11) is connected and / or connectable to the shaft (7) in such a way that an electrical voltage and / or a current can be conducted from the shaft (7) via the grounding element (11), characterized in that the basic body (9) comprises an electrically insulating material and / or the basic body (9) is manufactured from an electrically insulating material.

2. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The basic housing (8) is at least partially electrically conductive, wherein the grounding element (11) is connected and / or connectable to the basic housing (8), in particular to a region thereof that is electrically conductive, in such a way that an electrical voltage and / or an electrical current can be conducted from the shaft (7) into the basic housing (8) via the grounding element (11).

3. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that An electrically conductive connecting means (12) is provided and / or present, wherein the grounding element (11) is electrically conductively connected and / or connectable to the base housing (8), in particular to an electrically conductive region thereof, by means of the connecting means (12).

4. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that The connecting element (12) is electrically conductively connected and / or connectable to the basic housing (8), in particular to a region thereof, which is electrically conductive, via at least one fastening element (10) which is thus electrically conductive and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve (13) which at least partially surrounds the fastening element (10).

5. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that The grounding element (11) comprises an electrically conductive contact element (11.K), in particular a grounding pin, which is contactable and / or in contact with the shaft (7), and an electrically insulating retaining element (11.H), wherein the contact element (11.K) is electrically conductively connected to the connecting element (12), in particular is in electrically conductive contact with the connecting element (12), and wherein an electrical voltage and / or current can be conducted from the grounding element (11) via the connecting element (12), in particular into the basic housing (8).

6. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that The connecting element (12) has a cup-shaped area (12.TB) and a web area (12.LB) that at least partially surrounds the retaining element (11.H), wherein the web area (12.LB) is electrically conductively connected to the cup-shaped area (12.TB), in particular welded, and is constructed in a manner that is suspended from the cup-shaped area (12.TB).

7. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The contact element (11.K) is arranged in such a way as to penetrate the retaining element (11.H) and, in particular, is in electrically conductive contact with the connecting element (12), in particular its cup-shaped region (12.TB), on the side of the retaining element (11.H) facing away from the shaft (7).

8. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The web region (12.LB) has a through-opening, wherein the fastening element (10) is arranged and / or can be arranged in such a way as to penetrate the web region (12.LB) in the region of the through-opening.

9. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that The basic body (9) has a recess (14), wherein the retaining element (11.H) and the connecting device (12) are at least partially arranged in the recess (14), in particular wherein a clamping connection is formed between the retaining element (11.H) and / or the connecting device (12) and the basic body (9) in the region of the recess (14).

10. The housing cover system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The grounding element (11), in particular its contact element (11.K), is designed such that the shaft (7) can be contacted in the region of its end face (7.S), in particular the contact element (11.K) is prestressed and / or prestressable relative to the shaft (7) by means of a spring element (11.F).

11. The housing cover system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The grounding element (11), in particular its contact element (11.K), is arranged and / or can be arranged axially parallel to the axis (A) of the shaft (7).

12. The housing cover system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The housing cover system (1), in particular the basic body (9) of the housing cover system (1), has an oil-conducting area (15), wherein the oil-conducting area (15) is arranged and / or can be arranged and / or constructed on a side of the housing cover system (1) that faces and / or can face the shaft (7).

13. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that The oil-conducting area (15) is constructed by means of an electrically insulating oil-conducting element (16) which is implemented as a separate component and is connected and / or connectable to the basic body (9), in particular by means of a snap connection, a clip connection and / or a spring connection, in particular wherein the grounding element (11) is arranged and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the oil-conducting element (16).

14. The housing cover system (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that The oil-conducting area (15) has a hollow cylindrical axial section (17) and / or a connecting pipe, in particular, the shaft (7) is implemented as a hollow shaft, and the oil-conducting area (15) is designed and / or constructed for guiding oil into the interior space (7.I) of the shaft (7), in particular, the axial section (17) and / or the connecting pipe extend into the interior space (7.I) of the shaft (7).

15. A drive train (2) for an electric vehicle (3) and / or an electric device, comprising at least one electric machine (4), at least one housing (5), in particular a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission (6), and at least one housing cover system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The electric motor (4) has a shaft (7), wherein the housing (5) has at least one basic housing (8) with an opening (8.O), wherein a basic body (9) of the housing cover system (1) is connected to the basic housing (8) by means of fastening means (10), and wherein the opening (8.O) of the basic housing (8) is closed by means of the housing cover system (1), in particular substantially by means of the basic body (9).

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