Automatic testing device and method for multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension force

Abstract

The application discloses a constant-tension-based textile multidirectional tensile strength automatic testing device and method, relates to the tensile strength detection technical field, and comprises a rigid frame system; a high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism is integrated on a double-column portal frame of the rigid frame system and is used for reacting fiber damage processes through light transmittance and light spot change of the fabric; the high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism comprises a sealed light isolation component, a light source component and an imaging component; the light source component comprises a pulse LED light source array, a lampshade and a horizontal movement driving unit which are equidistantly arranged along a fabric stretching direction. The application improves the prior art which can only record the limit value when a sample is completely broken and cannot capture microcracks generated by fiber step-by-step failure in a stretching process when the fabric tensile strength is detected. The application has the advantages that the fiber breaking process in the fabric can be directly reflected through light spot change formed by light penetration of the fabric when the fabric tensile strength is detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tensile strength testing technology, and in particular to an automatic testing device and method for multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension. Background Technology

[0002] The tensile strength testing of existing highly elastic light-transmitting fabrics (such as stockings and tights) generally uses electronic tensile testing machines. However, the testing method can only obtain endpoint data such as breaking strength and elongation, and cannot reflect the microscopic dynamics of fiber failure during the stretching process.

[0003] In the prior art, such as an improved electronic fabric tensile testing machine with application number 201920695074.X, multiple fabric materials are passed through yarn holes and then clamped and fixed between two clamps by elastic clamps. After installation, the control cylinder drives the slider to stretch to the right along the guide rod until the sample is stretched and broken. The tensile length and breaking strength of the fabric are recorded. However, it can only record the limit value when the sample is completely broken, and record the limit strength and elongation when the sample is completely broken. It cannot capture the micro-cracks caused by the progressive failure of fibers during the stretching process, and has no monitoring capability for the micro-dynamics such as progressive failure of fibers and micro-crack initiation during the stretching process.

[0004] To address the above technical problems, this invention discloses an automatic testing device and method for multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension. This invention has the advantages of directly reflecting the fiber breaking process inside the fabric by observing the changes in the light spot formed by light penetrating the fabric during tensile strength testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic testing device and method for multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension. This solves the technical problems in the prior art, which can only record the limit value when the sample is completely broken and cannot capture the micro-cracks caused by the gradual failure of fibers during the stretching process. This invention has the advantage of directly reflecting the fiber breaking process inside the fabric by the change of light spot formed by light penetrating the fabric during the tensile strength test.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention discloses an automatic testing device for multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension, including a rigid frame system, a precision transmission system, a dynamic clamping system, a multi-parameter measurement system and an intelligent control system. The rigid frame system integrates a high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism on a double-column portal frame, which is used to react to the fiber damage process by light transmittance and light spot changes of the fabric.

[0007] The optical response mechanism for high-elastic fabric includes a sealed light-blocking component, a light source component, and an imaging component. The light source component includes a pulsed LED light source array arranged equidistantly along the fabric stretching direction, a lampshade, and a transverse drive unit. The transverse drive unit drives the lampshade to move laterally by moving the longitudinal displacement of the crossbeam, so that the lampshade approaches the fabric surface at a preset detection trigger point and maintains a safe gap.

[0008] Furthermore, the transverse drive unit includes a longitudinal component, a wedge component, and a transverse component. The longitudinal component includes a slide rail fixed to the inner wall of one side of the double-column portal frame and a slider assembly linked with the moving crossbeam. The wedge component includes a guide ball set on the slider and an isosceles trapezoidal wedge body installed on the top plate of the transverse component. When the guide ball contacts the inclined surface of the wedge body, it converts the longitudinal displacement into the transverse displacement. The transverse component includes a connecting frame, a slide rod, a top plate, a fixed plate, and a spring. The slide rod passes through the panel of the connecting frame. The inner end of the slide rod is fixed to the top plate, and the outer end is fixed to the fixed plate. The spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and the lampshade is installed on the fixed plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a proximity switch is embedded in the short side platform area of ​​the wedge block. The proximity switch is divided into a light source trigger switch and a camera trigger switch along the longitudinal direction. When the guide ball slides into the platform area, it sequentially triggers the pulse LED light source and the camera to perform a single image.

[0010] Furthermore, the light source assembly integrates a dividing mechanism, including a connecting plate, a lead screw drive unit, a moving plate, a moving rod, and radial dividing slots. The lead screw drives the moving plate to slide along the dividing slots, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the spacing of the pulse LED light source along the fabric stretching direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealed light-blocking assembly includes a sealing plate, a sealing door, and a black backlight panel fixed to the inner wall of the frame. The front and rear ends of the double-column door frame are fixedly installed with sealing plates to form a sealed cavity. A sealing door that can be opened and closed is installed below the front sealing plate for sample clamping operations. The surface of the black backlight panel is the light spot projection surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the slider assembly includes three sliders arranged longitudinally along the slide rail, with adjacent sliders fixedly connected by connecting rods, and the top slider rigidly connected to the moving crossbeam.

[0013] Furthermore, the camera of the imaging component is mounted at the end of the lampshade fixing plate, with the lens facing the black backlight panel, and the camera is located outside the fabric clamping area.

[0014] Furthermore, under normal conditions, the spring pushes the top plate away from the fabric to create a safety distance, and the sliding direction of the slide bar is perpendicular to the fabric plane.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple light source units of the pulsed LED light source are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the fabric.

[0016] A method for an automatic testing device for the multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: First, perform rack calibration;

[0018] Step 1: Clamp the fabric sample by placing both ends of the fabric sample into the upper and lower clamps;

[0019] Step 3: Perform a tensile test. Move the crossbeam upwards to stretch the beam and drive the slider to move longitudinally along the slide rail. The guide ball contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block and pushes the lampshade to move laterally to the working distance.

[0020] Step 4: The guide ball triggers the proximity switch at the entrance of the platform area, activating the pulsed LED light source. The guide ball then triggers the proximity switch at the end of the platform area, driving the camera to capture a single light spot image. Changes in the light spot are used to determine fiber damage.

[0021] Step 5: Fabric fracture, obtain the ultimate strength and elongation of the fabric after fracture.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) By integrating the optical response mechanism of high elastic fabric, the present invention can monitor the light transmittance of the fabric and the changes in the light spot formed by the light passing through the fabric in stages when the fabric is tested for tensile strength by irradiating the fabric with a light source, thereby realizing the visualization of micro-damage of the fiber and reflecting the fiber fracture damage process step by step.

[0024] (2) By setting up the transverse drive unit, the present invention maintains a safe distance between the lampshade and the fabric being tested under normal conditions, and precisely positions the working distance only at the detection point, thus completely avoiding mechanical contact and thermal radiation interference.

[0025] (3) The present invention dynamically adjusts the LED spacing by setting an equal division mechanism to adapt to samples of different lengths and ensure full coverage of the critical strain stage. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the double-column portal frame structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D;

[0032] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point F;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge block structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the equal division mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Tensile testing machine; 2. Optical response mechanism for high-elastic fabric; 3. Platform area; 4. Proximity switch; 5. Dividing mechanism; 6. Pin; 7. Mounting base; 101. Double-column portal frame; 102. Base; 103. Moving crossbeam; 104. Fixture; 201. Sealing and light-blocking assembly; 202. Light source assembly; 203. Imaging assembly; 211. Sealing plate; 212. Sealing door; 213. Black backlight panel; 221. Pulsed LED light source; 222. Lampshade; 223. Horizontal movement drive unit; 2231. Longitudinal movement component; 2232. Wedge block Components; 2233, Transverse component; 2311, Mounting plate; 2312, Slide rail; 2313, Slider; 2314, Connecting rod; 2331, Connecting frame; 2332, Slide rod; 2333, Top plate; 2334, Fixing plate; 2335, Spring; 2321, Connecting block; 2322, Fixing rod; 2323, Guide ball; 2324, Wedge block; 2031, Camera; 501, Connecting plate; 502, Screw drive unit; 503, Moving plate; 504, Moving rod; 505, Dividing groove; 3311, Panel; 3312, Side plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the description of the present invention, words such as "front", "rear", "left", and "right" that indicate orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0038] The embodiments disclose an automatic testing device for the multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension, such as... Figures 1-10 As shown, it includes a tensile testing machine 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, its core structure includes five functional units, namely a rigid frame system, a precision transmission system, a dynamic fixture system, a multi-parameter measurement system, and an intelligent control system. The rigid frame system consists of a double-column portal frame 101 and a ductile iron base 102 forming an anti-torsion support platform. The precision transmission system is driven by a servo motor through a planetary reducer and a ball screw, which drives the moving beam 103 to achieve stepless speed change.

[0039] The dynamic clamping system uses a self-tightening clamp 104 to clamp the fabric and ensure that the sample does not slip, while the multi-parameter measurement system uses an S-type strain sensor to collect tension in real time and a photoelectric encoder to record displacement synchronously.

[0040] The intelligent control system is based on industrial PLC and ISO standard algorithms to realize three-loop regulation of displacement, force, and deformation, as well as automatic determination of fracture point.

[0041] When performing a tensile strength test on the fabric, the two ends of the fabric sample are fixed in the upper and lower clamps 104 respectively to ensure that they are centered and without deviation. Then, the equipment is started and the sample is stretched slowly. After the initial relaxation of the sample is eliminated, the displacement returns to zero. The crossbeam 103 is moved at a set speed and the load is continuously applied until the sample breaks. The system automatically detects the point of sudden drop in force, determines the breakage, stops the test, outputs the breaking strength and elongation data, and resets the equipment to prepare for the next test.

[0042] Currently, the tensile strength testing of fabrics generally relies on electronic tensile testing machines. Although their standardized process can automatically obtain macroscopic endpoint data such as breaking strength and elongation, it has inherent limitations. During the entire tensile process, key damage evolution behaviors such as fiber-level breakage, yarn slippage, and structural collapse cannot be captured, making it impossible to locate the initial failure position and difficult to quantify the differential damage accumulation of anisotropic materials.

[0043] Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting a high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism 2 at the double-column portal frame 101, the micro-dynamics such as fiber failure and microcrack initiation during the fabric stretching process are monitored by capturing the spatial evolution of the light transmission behavior of the fabric under tensile load in real time.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figures 1-3As shown, the high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism 2 includes a sealed light-blocking component 201, a light source component 202, and an imaging component 203. The sealed light-blocking component 201 is used to create a dark field environment to avoid interference from external light. The light source component 202 is used to irradiate the fabric during the stretching process, so that light can pass through the fabric and be projected onto the opposite side walls of the double-column portal frame 101. The imaging component 203 is used to image and photograph the distribution of light spots irradiated on the inner wall of the other side of the double-column portal frame 101, and to quantitatively characterize the dynamic evolution of the fiber structure through changes in light transmittance and light spots.

[0045] More specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the sealed light-blocking assembly 201 includes a sealing plate 211, a sealing door 212, and a black backlight plate 213. The sealing plate 211 is fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the double-column door frame 101 to form a sealed cavity. The sealing door 212, which can be opened and closed, is installed below the front sealing plate 211 for sample clamping operations. The light spot projection surface of the inner wall of the frame is fixed to the black backlight plate 213 to clearly develop the transmitted light distribution.

[0046] Furthermore, through the above settings, during the tensile test, the sealing door 212 can be closed to create a dark environment in the tensile space. Then, when the light source component 202 irradiates the fabric, the distribution of transmitted light can be clearly seen.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the light source assembly 202 includes a pulsed LED light source 221, a lampshade 222, and a transverse drive unit 223. The pulsed LED light source 221 is assembled inside the lampshade 222, with its irradiation end oriented towards the fabric surface. Multiple pulsed LED light sources 221 are evenly spaced along the fabric stretching direction, thereby covering multiple points along the fabric stretching direction. The transverse drive unit 223 controls the transverse displacement of the lampshade 222, so that the lampshade 222 approaches the stretched fabric and maintains a constant air gap of 0.5-1.0 mm, avoiding interference of contact friction on the stretching data.

[0048] It should be noted that the transverse drive unit 223 is configured to drive the lampshade 222 to precisely position at the working distance (0.5-1.0mm) only at the preset detection trigger point, while maintaining a larger safety distance under normal conditions. This can avoid the risk of mechanical contact and the long-term interference of light source heat radiation on the mechanical properties of the fabric, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the tensile data.

[0049] To synchronize the movement and stretching processes of the lampshade 222, the lateral movement drive unit 223 is configured to drive the lateral movement of the lampshade 222 by the upward stretching of the moving crossbeam 103, as shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, it specifically includes a longitudinal moving component 2231, a wedge component 2232, and a transverse moving component 2233. The longitudinal moving component 2231 is connected to the moving crossbeam 103, so that when the moving crossbeam 103 moves upward to stretch the fabric, it can synchronously drive the longitudinal moving component 2231 to move longitudinally. The transverse moving component 2233 is connected to the lampshade 222 and is used to drive the lampshade 222 to move laterally to approach the surface of the fabric in the stretched state. The wedge component 2232 is used to convert the longitudinal movement of the longitudinal moving component 2231 into the transverse movement of the transverse moving component 2233.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the longitudinal movement component 2231 includes a mounting plate 2311, a slide rail 2312, a slider 2313, and a connecting rod 2314. The mounting plate 2311 is rigidly fixed to the inner wall of one side of the double-column portal frame 101 by high-strength bolts. The linear slide rail 2312 is precisely mounted on its surface. Three sliders 2313 are arranged on the slide rail 2312. Adjacent sliders 2313 are fixedly connected to each other by the connecting rod 2314 to form a chain structure. The top slider 2313 is fixedly connected to the moving crossbeam 103 by the connecting rod 2314 to ensure that the longitudinal displacement of the crossbeam drives the slider 2313 to move synchronously.

[0051] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the transverse component 2233 includes a connecting frame 2331, a sliding rod 2332, a top plate 2333, a fixing plate 2334, and a spring 2335. The connecting frame 2331 is welded into a portal frame by a thick panel 3311 and double side plates 3312, and is detachably installed on the end face of the mounting plate 2311 by screws. Multiple sliding rods 2332 pass through the sliding pair of the panel 3311. The sliding direction of the sliding rods 2332 is perpendicular to the fabric. The inner end of the sliding rod 2332 is threaded to the top plate 2333, and the outer end is connected to the fixing plate 2334. The lampshade 222 is installed on the fixing plate 2334. Each sliding rod 2332 is fitted with a spring 2335. Under normal conditions, the preload of the spring 2335 pushes the top plate 2333 away from the fabric to a safe distance.

[0052] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the wedge component 2232 includes a connecting block 2321, a fixing rod 2322, a guide ball 2323, and a wedge body 2324. Each slider 2313 has a connecting block 2321 fixed to the side facing the top plate 2333, with the fixing rod 2322 perpendicularly fixed to its end face. The guide ball 2323 is embedded at the end of the fixing rod 2322. Additionally, a wedge body 2324 is provided on the side of the top plate 2333 facing the guide ball 2323, and is detachably connected to the top plate 2333 using countersunk screws. The wedge body 2324 is an isosceles trapezoid, with its short-side platform area 3 facing the guide ball 2323, while its long side is connected to the top plate 2333. The two inclined surfaces of the wedge body 2324... Positioned at the top and bottom respectively, the geometric center axis of the wedge block 2324 is coplanar with the movement trajectory of the guide ball 2323. Under normal conditions, when the guide ball 2323 and the wedge block 2324 are vertically offset, the guide ball 2323 contacts the end face of the top plate 2333 through the action of the spring 2335. When the slider 2313 moves upward, the wedge block 2324 is pushed laterally through the contact between the guide ball 2323 and the inclined surface of the wedge block 2324, causing the top plate 2333 to move laterally. The lateral movement of the top plate 2333 causes the fixed plate 2334 to move laterally through the slide rod 2332, thereby making the lampshade 222 approach the fabric surface. When the guide ball 2323 moves completely to the short side platform area of ​​the wedge block 2324, the distance between the lampshade 222 and the fabric is at the working distance.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, the imaging assembly 203 includes a camera 2031, which is mounted on the end of the fixing plate 2334, and the lens of the camera 2031 faces the direction of the black backlight plate 213. In addition, after the fabric is clamped, the camera 2031 is located outside the fabric area to avoid the fabric from obstructing the imaging of the camera 2031.

[0054] It should be noted that the positions of each slider 2313 correspond to preset detection trigger points. When the crossbeam is displaced to the target position, the guide ball 2323 just reaches the platform area 3 of the wedge block 2324. By configuring the height of the platform area 3 of the wedge block 2324, when the guide ball 2323 moves to the platform area 3, the lamp cover 222 is moved to the working distance. When the crossbeam returns, after the guide ball 2323 separates from the wedge block 2324, the spring 2335 releases its stored energy, and the lamp cover 222 returns to the safe position.

[0055] By positioning the slider 2313 on the slide rail 2312 according to the key strain detection point, after the fabric sample is clamped by the upper and lower clamps 104 and the sealing door 212 is closed, when the moving beam 103 moves upward and stretches, the slider is driven to move longitudinally along the slide rail 2312 via the connecting rod 2314. When the slider 2313 moves to a position horizontal with the top plate 2333, its guide ball 2323 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block 2324, converting the longitudinal displacement into a lateral displacement, pushing the top plate 2333 to move the lampshade 222 fixing plate 2334 closer to the fabric via the slide rod 2332, and waiting for the guide ball 2323 to contact the inclined surface of the wedge block 2324. When the 3rd slide into the wedge block 2324 platform area 3, the lamp cover 222 is precisely positioned at the working distance. At this time, the pulsed LED light source 221 array illuminates the fabric, and the transmitted light forms a light spot on the black backlight plate 213. The camera 2031 captures and records in real time. When the highly elastic fabric (such as nylon stockings) is micro-fractured, the light transmittance drops sharply, and the shape of its light spot will undergo significant and detectable changes. The light spot morphology degenerates from a Gaussian distribution to a central dark spot and diffraction ring. The change in the light spot reflects the damage to the fabric fibers. The intermittent detection of different strain stages is achieved by setting the slide rail 2312 and the multi-slider 2313.

[0056] It should be noted that an array of pulsed LED light sources 221 is also arranged at equal intervals along the width of the fabric to simultaneously acquire warp and weft damage data.

[0057] Additionally, in order for the camera 2031 to capture the light spot when the lampshade 222 moves to the working distance, such as... Figure 9 As shown, a proximity switch 4 is embedded in the short side platform area 3 of the wedge block 2324. Its sensing end is orthogonally aligned with the movement trajectory of the guide ball 2323. The proximity switch 4 is connected to the system signal, and there are two proximity switches 4 arranged longitudinally. Along the upward movement path of the slider 2313, the front proximity switch 4 is used to trigger the light source and is embedded on the entrance side of the platform area 3 of the wedge block 2324, while the rear proximity switch 4 is used to trigger the camera 2031 and is embedded at the end of the platform area 3 to control the imaging start of the camera 2031. Through the contact between the guide ball 2323 and the proximity switch 4, the light source is first controlled to turn on, and then the camera 2031 is controlled to complete one imaging shot. This ensures that the lamp cover 222 can perform one imaging shot every time it moves to the working distance, and the light source adopts a delayed shutdown setting.

[0058] To adapt to the tensile testing requirements of fabrics of different lengths, such as Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the spacing of the pulse LED light sources 221 arranged at equal intervals along the stretching direction on the fixed plate 2334 is dynamically adjusted by the equal division mechanism 5.

[0059] Specifically, the dividing mechanism 5 includes a connecting plate 501, a lead screw drive unit 502, a moving plate 503, a moving rod 504, and a dividing groove 505. The connecting plate 501 is fixed to the surface of the lampshade 222 fixing plate 2334, with its length direction parallel to the fabric stretching direction. The moving plate 503 slides along the width direction of the connecting plate 501, and its movement is driven by the lead screw drive unit 502. Multiple dividing grooves are also provided between the moving plate 503 and the connecting plate 501 along the connecting plate 501. 1. Movable rods 504 are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the movable rods 504 slide along the length direction of the connecting plate 501 through a linear sliding component. In addition, equal-divided slots 505 are provided on the connecting plate 501, and multiple equal-divided slots 505 are provided in a radial pattern. A pin 6 is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod 2314, and the pin 6 is movably inserted into the equal-divided slot 505. The pulse LED light source 221 and the lamp cover 222 are mounted on one end of the movable rod 504 through the mounting base 7.

[0060] It should be noted that the number of moving rods 504, the number of equally spaced slots 505, and the number of pulse LED light sources 221 along the fabric stretching direction are the same. The lead screw drive unit 502 is driven by a stepper motor to drive the ball screw, pushing the moving plate 503 to slide along the width of the connecting plate 501, so that the moving plate 503 moves along the width of the connecting plate 501. By setting the equally spaced slots 505, the multiple moving rods 504 arranged longitudinally can be adjusted at equal intervals, thereby adjusting the pulse LED light sources 221 at equal intervals to adjust the detection position of the fabric stretching direction.

[0061] A method for an automatic testing device for the multi-directional tensile strength of textiles based on constant tension includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: First, calibrate the frame, check the verticality of the double-column portal frame 101, and level the base 102. Then, preset the optical system and adjust the LED light source spacing through the equal division mechanism 5.

[0063] Step 2: Fabric clamping. First, open the sealing door 212, place both ends of the fabric sample into the upper and lower clamps 104, and set the clamping force. Then close the sealing door 212 to create a dark field environment.

[0064] Step 3: Perform a tensile test. Move the crossbeam 103 upwards to stretch it and drive the slider to move longitudinally along the slide rail 2312 via the connecting rod 2314. When the slider 2313 moves to the horizontal position with the top plate 2333, its guide ball 2323 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block 2324, converting the longitudinal displacement into the lateral displacement. This pushes the top plate 2333 to move the lampshade 222 fixing plate 2334 closer to the fabric via the slide rod 2332. When the guide ball 2323 slides into the platform area 3 of the wedge block 2324, the lampshade 222 is accurately positioned at the working distance.

[0065] Step 4: The proximity switch 4 is triggered by the guide ball 2323, which sequentially activates the pulsed LED light source 221 and the camera 2031 for imaging. The array of pulsed LED light sources 221 illuminates the fabric, and the transmitted light forms a light spot on the black backlight plate 213. The camera 2031 captures and records in real time. The changes in the light spot reflect the damage to the fabric fibers. During the upward movement of the moving crossbeam 103, multiple sliders 2313 on the slide rail 2312 are sequentially and intermittently aligned with the top plate 2333. Through the cooperation of the guide ball 2323 and the wedge block 2324, they intermittently move closer to the fabric, thereby capturing damage at different strain stages during the fabric stretching process.

[0066] Step 5: Fabric fracture, obtain the ultimate strength and elongation of the fabric after fracture.

[0067] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A constant-tension-based automatic testing device for multi-directional tensile strength of textiles, comprising a rigid frame system, a precision transmission system, a dynamic clamp system, a multi-parameter measurement system and an intelligent control system, characterized in that, The high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism (2) is integrated on the double-column portal frame (101) of the rigid rack system, and is used for reacting fiber damage process through light transmittance and light spot change of the fabric to light; The high-elastic fabric optical response mechanism (2) comprises a light-sealing assembly (201), a light source assembly (202) and an imaging assembly (203), the light source assembly (202) comprises an array of pulse LED light sources (221) arranged equidistantly along the stretching direction of the fabric, a lampshade (222) and a transverse driving unit (223), the transverse driving unit (223) drives the lampshade (222) to move transversely through longitudinal displacement of the moving beam (103), so that the lampshade (222) approaches the surface of the fabric at a preset detection trigger point and maintains a safe gap; The transverse driving unit (223) comprises a longitudinal moving component (2231), a wedge block component (2232) and a transverse moving component (2233), the longitudinal moving component (2231) comprises a slide rail (2312) fixed to the inner wall of one side of the double-column portal frame (101) and a slide block (2313) group linked with the moving beam (103), the wedge block component (2232) comprises a guide ball (2323) arranged on the slide block (2313) and an isosceles trapezoidal wedge block body (2324) installed on the top plate (2333) of the transverse moving component (2233), when the guide ball (2323) and the inclined surface of the wedge block body (2324) are in contact, the longitudinal displacement is converted into the transverse displacement, and the transverse moving component (2233) comprises a connecting frame (2331), a slide rod (2332), a top plate (2333), a fixed plate (2334) and a spring (2335), the slide rod (2332) penetrates through the face plate (3311) of the connecting frame (2331), the inner side end of the slide rod (2332) is fixedly connected with the top plate (2333), the outer side end of the slide rod (2332) is fixedly connected with the fixed plate (2334), the spring (2335) is sleeved on the slide rod (2332), and the lampshade (222) is installed on the fixed plate (2334); The light source assembly (202) is integrated with an equal-division mechanism (5) comprising a connecting plate (501), a screw rod driving part (502), a moving plate (503), a moving rod (504) and a radial equal-division groove (505), the moving plate (503) is driven by the screw rod to drive a linkage pin shaft (6) to slide along the equal-division groove (505), so that the interval of the pulse LED light source (221) along the stretching direction of the fabric is dynamically adjusted; The light-sealing assembly (201) comprises a sealing plate (211), a sealing door (212) and a black backlight plate (213) fixed to the inner wall of the frame, the front end and the rear end of the double-column portal frame (101) are fixedly installed with the sealing plate (211) to form a closed cavity, the sealing door (212) is assembled below the front sealing plate (211) for sample clamping operation, and the surface of the black backlight plate (213) is a light spot projection surface.

2. The constant-tension-based, textile multi-directional tensile strength auto-test device of claim 1, wherein, The short edge platform area (3) of the wedge block (2324) is embedded with a proximity switch (4), which is divided into a light source trigger switch and a camera (2031) trigger switch along the longitudinal direction. When the guide ball (2323) slides into the platform area (3), the pulse LED light source (221) and the camera (2031) single imaging are triggered in sequence.

3. The constant-tension-based, textile multi-directional tensile strength auto-test device of claim 1, wherein, The slider (2313) group includes three sliders (2313) arranged longitudinally along the slide rail (2312), and adjacent sliders (2313) are fixedly connected by connecting rods (2314). The top slider (2313) is rigidly connected with the moving cross beam (103).

4. The constant-tension-based, textile multi-directional tensile strength automated testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The camera (2031) of the imaging assembly (203) is installed at the end of the lampshade (222) fixed plate (2334), the lens is directed towards the black backlight plate (213), and the camera (2031) is located outside the fabric clamping area.

5. The constant-tension-based, textile multi-directional tensile strength auto-test device of claim 1, wherein, The spring (2335) normally separates the top plate (2333) from the fabric direction to form a safety distance, and the sliding direction of the slide rod (2332) is perpendicular to the fabric plane.

6. The constant-tension-based, textile multi-directional tensile strength automated testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The pulse LED light source (221) is arranged with multiple light source units equidistantly along the fabric width direction.

7. A method of constant-tension based textile multidirectional tensile strength automatic testing apparatus according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The steps include: Step one: first, calibrate the rack; Step one: clamp the fabric, place the fabric sample at both ends into the upper and lower clamps (104); Step three: perform the tensile test, move the moving cross beam (103) upward to stretch and drive the slider (2313) to move longitudinally along the slide rail (2312), the guide ball (2323) contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block (2324), and pushes the lampshade (222) to move transversely to the working distance; Step four: the guide ball (2323) triggers the entry proximity switch (4) of the platform area (3), starts the pulse LED light source (221), the guide ball (2323) triggers the end proximity switch (4) of the platform area (3), drives the camera (2031) to take a single shot of the light spot, and judges the fiber damage through the light spot change; Step five: the fabric is broken, and the ultimate strength and elongation after the fabric is broken are obtained.

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