A collaborative scheduling method for green hydrogen integrated energy parks considering electrolyzer thermal inertia

Abstract

The present invention proposes a collaborative scheduling method for a green hydrogen integrated energy park considering the thermal inertia of an electrolyzer. The method includes step 1: obtaining the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park; step 2: establishing a thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat production, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park established in step 1 and considering the delayed response of heat transfer; step 3: establishing power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat production, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response in step 2; step 4: establishing the minimum operating cost of the system as the objective function based on the power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints established in step 3, and solving the objective function to obtain the optimal scheduling strategy for each module of the green hydrogen integrated energy park.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy scheduling and control, and in particular to a green hydrogen integrated energy park collaborative scheduling method that takes into account the thermal inertia of electrolyzers. Background Art

[0002] The global energy structure is accelerating its transition toward a low-carbon future dominated by renewable energy. The output of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics fluctuates dramatically due to natural conditions, leading to frequent load imbalances in distribution networks and increasing difficulties in system scheduling. As a new clean energy carrier, hydrogen energy demonstrates significant strategic value in renewable energy consumption, long-term energy storage, and end-use energy substitution. It has become a key technological path for building a new power system and the coordinated development of "source-grid-load-storage hydrogen" (Hydrogen Storage).

[0003] On the hydrogen production side, current water electrolysis hydrogen production relies primarily on two technologies: alkaline electrolyzers (ALK) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. ALK electrolyzers are characterized by excellent stability and low operating costs. PEM electrolyzers offer fast dynamic response, flexible start-up and shutdown, and strong adaptability to fluctuations, making them suitable for integrating with rapidly fluctuating renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and for short-term regulation. ALK electrolyzers, on the other hand, offer stable operation and high energy efficiency, making them more suitable for continuous hydrogen production under stable operating conditions. It is important to note that electrolyzers have significant thermal inertia, and their internal temperature takes time to respond to load changes. If scheduling strategies fail to account for thermal inertia, electrolyzers may experience temperature overshoot or hysteresis during rapid power fluctuations, resulting in reduced electrolysis efficiency, shortened lifespan, and increased cooling energy consumption. To achieve efficient utilization of renewable energy and improve the overall operational efficiency and economic viability of green hydrogen parks, it is urgently necessary to develop an intelligent scheduling approach that integrates the response characteristics of multiple electrolyzer types, the multi-timescale characteristics of electricity / hydrogen storage, and the dynamic coupling of cooling and energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green hydrogen integrated energy park collaborative scheduling method that takes into account the thermal inertia of the electrolyzer. By real-time acquisition of system operating status and photovoltaic output, electricity price and load information, the rapid dynamic response of the PEM electrolyzer and the cross-temporal arbitrage capability of hydrogen energy storage are deeply coupled to achieve multi-time scale collaborative optimization of electrical energy, thermal energy and hydrogen energy, suppress electrolyzer temperature fluctuations, improve hydrogen production efficiency, reduce comprehensive operating costs and enhance the stability and economy of the system.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a green hydrogen integrated energy park coordinated scheduling method considering the thermal inertia of electrolyzers, which includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park, including photovoltaic output, heat-to-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit, electrochemical reaction coefficient and temperature coefficient of the alkaline electrolyzer and proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, power generation efficiency of the hydrogen energy storage unit, time-of-use electricity price, energy storage status, and ambient temperature information;

[0007] Step 2: Based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park established in step 1, and taking into account the delayed response of heat transfer, a thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response is established;

[0008] Step 3: Based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response in step 2, establish power balance constraints, heat balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints;

[0009] Step 4: Based on the power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints established in step 3, the minimum operating cost of the system is established as the objective function, and the objective function is solved to obtain the optimal scheduling strategy for each module of the green hydrogen integrated energy park.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 2, based on the electrochemical reaction coefficient and temperature coefficient of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature information obtained in step 1, a thermal inertia model of the electrolytic cell heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response is established taking into account the delayed response:

[0011] (A-1)

[0012] (A-2)

[0013] (A-3)

[0014] (A-4)

[0015] (A-5)

[0016] Where, is the time variable, is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell, Indicates that the electrolytic cell is time The total heat production at temperature, Indicates that a single electrolytic cell Operating power at all times, Indicates time The electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell at temperature, Indicates time Natural heat loss at temperature, represents the natural heat dissipation coefficient, Indicates the ambient temperature, express At this moment, the electrolyzer is The cooling heat of the cooling tank at temperature, Indicates At this moment, the electrolytic cell is Cooling tank operating power at temperature, represents the cooling coefficient, represents the differential control parameter of the cooling tank, represents the proportional control parameter of the cooling tank, Indicates the cooling tank start temperature, Represents a step function. When the temperature is greater than the starting temperature, the value is 1. Represents the temperature coefficient of the electrolytic cell.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 3, based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model in step 2, power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints are established:

[0018] 1) Power balance constraints

[0019] (A-6)

[0020] (A-7)

[0021] in, Indicates that battery storage Operating power at all times, Indicates that the combined heat and power unit is The electrical power at the moment, Indicates that the compressor is Operating power at all times, Indicates that the electric boiler is Operating power at all times, Indicates that all electrolytic cells are The total operating power at the moment, express The power exchanged with the grid at all times, Hydrogen storage in Operating power at all times, express The cooling tank operating power at the moment, express The power load at the moment, express Photovoltaic output at all times, Indicates the upper limit of the exchange power with the grid, Indicates the lower limit of the exchange power with the grid;

[0022] 2) Thermal balance constraints

[0023] (A-8)

[0024] in, Indicates that the combined heat and power unit is Thermal power at the moment, Indicates that the electric boiler is Thermal power at the moment, Indicates that the gas boiler is Thermal power at the moment, express Heat load at any moment;

[0025] 3) Equipment operation constraints

[0026] Cogeneration unit operating constraints:

[0027] (A-9)

[0028] (A-10)

[0029] (A-11)

[0030] (A-12)

[0031] Battery energy storage operation constraints:

[0032] (A-13)

[0033] (A-14)

[0034] (A-15)

[0035] (A-16)

[0036] Operation constraints of hydrogen production, storage and hydrogen energy storage units:

[0037] (A-17)

[0038] (A-18)

[0039] (A-19)

[0040] (A-20)

[0041] (A-21)

[0042] (A-22)

[0043] (A-23)

[0044] (A-24)

[0045] (A-25)

[0046] Compressor operating constraints:

[0047] (A-26)

[0048] (A-27)

[0049] Cooling tank operation constraints:

[0050] (A-28)

[0051] (A-29)

[0052] in, represents the heat-to-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit, Indicates the minimum operating power of the cogeneration unit. Indicates the maximum operating power of the cogeneration unit. Indicates the minimum operating thermal power of the gas boiler. Indicates the maximum operating thermal power of the gas boiler. Indicates the minimum operating thermal power of the electric boiler. Indicates the maximum operating thermal power of the electric boiler. express The energy storage state at the moment, represents the lower bound of the energy storage state, Indicates the upper limit of the energy storage state, Indicates the minimum operating power of battery energy storage, Indicates the maximum operating power of battery energy storage, Indicates the operating efficiency of battery energy storage, express The energy storage state at the moment, Indicates the running time, Indicates the rated capacity of the battery energy storage, express The energy storage state at the moment, Represents the state quantity at the initial moment of energy storage, Indicates the charging efficiency of battery energy storage, Indicates the discharge efficiency of battery energy storage, Indicates that the alkaline electrolyzer ALK time, The electrolysis efficiency at temperature, represents the quadratic coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, represents the linear coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, represents the constant term coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, Indicates that the alkaline electrolyzer ALK Temperature loss coefficient at temperature, Indicates that the alkaline electrolyzer ALK Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is time, The electrolysis efficiency at temperature, represents the first fitting coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer, represents the second fitting coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer, Indicates that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is Temperature loss coefficient at temperature, Indicates that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, Indicates the minimum operating power of alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates the maximum operating power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates the minimum operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, Indicates the maximum operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is The hydrogen production rate at the temperature, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is The hydrogen storage capacity at temperature, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is The hydrogen storage capacity at temperature, represents the lower bound of hydrogen storage capacity, represents the upper limit of hydrogen storage capacity, represents the minimum power generation of hydrogen energy storage, Indicates the maximum power generation of hydrogen energy storage, Indicates the lower calorific value of hydrogen, which is 120MJ / kg. Indicates the difference between the electrolytic cell temperature and the ambient temperature. represents the power generation efficiency of hydrogen energy storage, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is Compressor output power at temperature, Indicates the operating parameters of the compressor, Indicates the pressure ratio of the compressor, represents the isentropic index of the compressor, Indicates the maximum operating power of the compressor. represents the dynamic response coefficient of the cooling tank, Indicates the minimum operating power of the cooling tank, Indicates the maximum operating power of the cooling tank.

[0053] Furthermore, in step 4, based on the power balance constraint, thermal balance constraint and equipment operation constraint established in step 3, the minimum operating cost is established as the objective function:

[0054] (A-30)

[0055] (A-31)

[0056] (A-32)

[0057] (A-33)

[0058] in, represents the overall optimization goal, represents the total electricity cost, Indicates the total operating time, represents the total heating energy cost, Represents the operating cost of new energy hydrogen production and storage stations, is the unit electricity price, is the heat conversion efficiency of the cogeneration unit, is the boiler efficiency of the gas boiler, is the unit natural gas purchase price, The cost of hydrogen production per unit in the park, is the unit power operating cost of the compressor, is the cooling cost per unit power.

[0059] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] This invention focuses on optimizing the coordinated scheduling of electricity, heat, and hydrogen within a green hydrogen integrated energy park. By constructing a refined electrolysis efficiency model and a dynamic energy storage model, it achieves in-depth control of the critical coupling relationship between PEM and ALK electrolyzer temperature, power, and hydrogen production. Compared to traditional static or regularized scheduling methods, the proposed method can dynamically balance the conflicts between hydrogen production, hydrogen load, and hydrogen energy storage power generation, enabling intelligent scheduling and management of the hydrogen production process within a green hydrogen park, significantly improving the system's economy, reliability, and flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 It is a comparison of the operating status of battery energy storage and hydrogen energy storage in 72 hours;

[0063] Figure 3 It is the hydrogen energy storage power generation output response under different photovoltaic penetration rates in 72 hours. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a green hydrogen integrated energy park coordinated scheduling method considering the thermal inertia of the electrolyzer, which includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park, including photovoltaic output, heat-to-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit, electrochemical reaction coefficient and temperature coefficient of the alkaline electrolyzer and proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, power generation efficiency of the hydrogen energy storage unit, time-of-use electricity price, energy storage status, and ambient temperature information;

[0067] Step 2: Based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park established in step 1, and taking into account the delayed response of heat transfer, a thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response is established;

[0068] Step 3: Based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response in step 2, establish power balance constraints, heat balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints;

[0069] Step 4: Based on the power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints established in step 3, the minimum operating cost of the system is established as the objective function, and the objective function is solved to obtain the optimal scheduling strategy for each module of the green hydrogen integrated energy park.

[0070] Furthermore, in step 2, based on the electrochemical reaction coefficient and temperature coefficient of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature information obtained in step 1, a thermal inertia model of the electrolytic cell heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response is established taking into account the delayed response:

[0071] (A-1)

[0072] (A-2)

[0073] (A-3)

[0074] (A-4)

[0075] (A-5)

[0076] Where, is the time variable, is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell, Indicates that the electrolytic cell is time The total heat production at temperature, Indicates that a single electrolytic cell Operating power at all times, Indicates time The electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell at temperature, Indicates time Natural heat loss at temperature, represents the natural heat dissipation coefficient, Indicates the ambient temperature, express At this moment, the electrolyzer is The cooling heat of the cooling tank at temperature, Indicates At this moment, the electrolytic cell is Cooling tank operating power at temperature, represents the cooling coefficient, represents the differential control parameter of the cooling tank, represents the proportional control parameter of the cooling tank, Indicates the cooling tank start temperature, Represents a step function. When the temperature is greater than the starting temperature, the value is 1. Represents the temperature coefficient of the electrolytic cell.

[0077] Furthermore, in step 3, based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model in step 2, power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints are established:

[0078] 1) Power balance constraints

[0079] (A-6)

[0080] (A-7)

[0081] in, Indicates that battery storage Operating power at all times, Indicates that the combined heat and power unit is The electrical power at the moment, Indicates that the compressor is Operating power at all times, Indicates that the electric boiler is Operating power at all times, Indicates that all electrolytic cells are The total operating power at the moment, express The power exchanged with the grid at all times, Hydrogen storage in Operating power at all times, express The cooling tank operating power at the moment, express The power load at the moment, express Photovoltaic output at all times, Indicates the upper limit of the exchange power with the grid, Indicates the lower limit of the exchange power with the grid;

[0082] 2) Thermal balance constraints

[0083] (A-8)

[0084] in, Indicates that the combined heat and power unit is Thermal power at the moment, Indicates that the electric boiler is Thermal power at the moment, Indicates that the gas boiler is Thermal power at the moment, express Heat load at any moment;

[0085] 3) Equipment operation constraints

[0086] Cogeneration unit operating constraints:

[0087] (A-9)

[0088] (A-10)

[0089] (A-11)

[0090] (A-12)

[0091] Battery energy storage operation constraints:

[0092] (A-13)

[0093] (A-14)

[0094] (A-15)

[0095] (A-16)

[0096] Operation constraints of hydrogen production, storage and hydrogen energy storage units:

[0097] (A-17)

[0098] (A-18)

[0099] (A-19)

[0100] (A-20)

[0101] (A-21)

[0102] (A-22)

[0103] (A-23)

[0104] (A-24)

[0105] (A-25)

[0106] Compressor operating constraints:

[0107] (A-26)

[0108] (A-27)

[0109] Cooling tank operation constraints:

[0110] (A-28)

[0111] (A-29)

[0112] in, represents the heat-to-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit, Indicates the minimum operating power of the cogeneration unit. Indicates the maximum operating power of the cogeneration unit. Indicates the minimum operating thermal power of the gas boiler. Indicates the maximum operating thermal power of the gas boiler. Indicates the minimum operating thermal power of the electric boiler. Indicates the maximum operating thermal power of the electric boiler. express The energy storage state at the moment, represents the lower bound of the energy storage state, Indicates the upper limit of the energy storage state, Indicates the minimum operating power of battery energy storage, Indicates the maximum operating power of battery energy storage, Indicates the operating efficiency of battery energy storage, express The energy storage state at the moment, Indicates the running time, Indicates the rated capacity of the battery energy storage, express The energy storage state at the moment, Represents the state quantity at the initial moment of energy storage, Indicates the charging efficiency of battery energy storage, Indicates the discharge efficiency of battery energy storage, Indicates that the alkaline electrolyzer ALK time, The electrolysis efficiency at temperature, represents the quadratic coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, represents the linear coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, represents the constant term coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, Indicates that the alkaline electrolyzer ALK Temperature loss coefficient at temperature, Indicates that the alkaline electrolyzer ALK Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is time, The electrolysis efficiency at temperature, represents the first fitting coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer, represents the second fitting coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer, Indicates that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is Temperature loss coefficient at temperature, Indicates that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, Indicates the minimum operating power of alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates the maximum operating power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates the minimum operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, Indicates the maximum operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is The hydrogen production rate at the temperature, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is The hydrogen storage capacity at temperature, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is The hydrogen storage capacity at temperature, represents the lower bound of hydrogen storage capacity, represents the upper limit of hydrogen storage capacity, represents the minimum power generation of hydrogen energy storage, Indicates the maximum power generation of hydrogen energy storage, Indicates the lower calorific value of hydrogen, which is 120MJ / kg. Indicates the difference between the electrolytic cell temperature and the ambient temperature. represents the power generation efficiency of hydrogen energy storage, express At this moment, the electrolytic cell is Compressor output power at temperature, Indicates the operating parameters of the compressor, Indicates the pressure ratio of the compressor, represents the isentropic index of the compressor, Indicates the maximum operating power of the compressor. represents the dynamic response coefficient of the cooling tank, Indicates the minimum operating power of the cooling tank, Indicates the maximum operating power of the cooling tank.

[0113] Furthermore, in step 4, based on the power balance constraint, thermal balance constraint and equipment operation constraint established in step 3, the minimum operating cost is established as the objective function:

[0114] (A-30)

[0115] (A-31)

[0116] (A-32)

[0117] (A-33)

[0118] in, represents the overall optimization goal, represents the total electricity cost, Indicates the total operating time, represents the total heating energy cost, Represents the operating cost of new energy hydrogen production and storage stations, is the unit electricity price, is the heat conversion efficiency of the cogeneration unit, is the boiler efficiency of the gas boiler, is the unit natural gas purchase price, The cost of hydrogen production per unit in the park, is the unit power operating cost of the compressor, is the cooling cost per unit power.

[0119] Case Analysis

[0120] The following example illustrates the superiority of the proposed coordinated scheduling method for a green hydrogen integrated energy park, which considers electrolyzer thermal inertia. Using a typical 72-hour operation scenario, the scheduling strategy's performance in terms of comprehensive operating costs and hydrogen production efficiency is compared.

[0121] Table 1 summarizes the differences in operating costs when considering only whether hydrogen energy storage can participate in power generation, with all other model parameters remaining the same. The results show that without hydrogen energy storage, the system operating cost is 203,507.95 yuan; after introducing hydrogen energy storage, the cost drops to 183,145.86 yuan, an optimization rate of 10.01%. This significant reduction is primarily due to the more flexible energy management capabilities provided by hydrogen energy storage during long-term load fluctuations: when photovoltaic power generation is in surplus or low in price, system energy consumption is reduced through hydrogen production and storage; when power is in short supply or electricity prices rise, hydrogen is converted into electricity or sold externally, increasing revenue.

[0122] Table 1 Operating costs considering hydrogen energy storage

[0123]

[0124] Comparing the power characteristics of hydrogen energy storage and battery energy storage, such as Figure 2As shown, we can conclude that battery energy storage performs small-scale charging and discharging operations multiple times a day, making it suitable for power balancing within short timeframes; whereas hydrogen energy storage achieves a larger power range with fewer switching times, indicating that it is more suitable for long-term energy storage needs. By storing energy during peak photovoltaic output or low electricity prices and releasing it during peak load or peak electricity prices, hydrogen energy storage can regulate electricity supply and demand over longer timescales, offering significant economic advantages. Furthermore, compared to the high-frequency, short-term regulation of battery energy storage, hydrogen energy storage demonstrates better scalability and economy in large-scale, long-term operation. The two working together can enhance system flexibility across multiple timescales and reduce the operating costs of integrated energy systems.

[0125] This paper compares and analyzes the impact of hydrogen energy storage on new energy consumption and simulates system optimization under different photovoltaic penetration rates. Figure 3 The comparison of hydrogen energy storage output under different photovoltaic penetration rates is shown. At a penetration rate of 50%, the discharge power of hydrogen energy storage is relatively small; as the photovoltaic penetration rate increases to 80%, the discharge trend of hydrogen energy storage has slightly improved, and the 100% penetration rate further amplifies this trend. The power amplitude and duration of hydrogen energy storage have both increased, fully leveraging the advantages of long-term energy storage in large-scale renewable energy consumption.

[0126] Overall, the cost comparison results in the table and the energy storage output effects in the figure confirm each other: the more comprehensive the synergy between hydrogen energy storage and battery energy storage, the significantly lower the overall energy consumption of the system, which in turn significantly reduces operating costs. This shows that the method of the present invention achieves optimal performance in temperature control, rapid response, and comprehensive cost optimization, providing strong support for the efficient and stable operation of the green hydrogen integrated energy park.

[0127] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green hydrogen integrated energy park collaborative scheduling method considering the thermal inertia of electrolyzers, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park, including photovoltaic output, heat-to-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit, electrochemical reaction coefficient and temperature coefficient of the alkaline electrolyzer and proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, power generation efficiency of the hydrogen energy storage unit, time-of-use electricity price, energy storage status, and ambient temperature information; Step 2: Based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park established in step 1, and taking into account the delayed response of heat transfer, a thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response is established; Step 3: Based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model of electrolyzer heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response in step 2, establish power balance constraints, heat balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints; Step 4: Based on the power balance constraints, heat balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints established in step 3, the system minimum operating cost is established as the objective function, and the objective function is solved to obtain the optimal scheduling strategy for each module of the green hydrogen integrated energy park; In step 2, based on the electrochemical reaction coefficient and temperature coefficient of the electrolytic cell and the ambient temperature information obtained in step 1, a thermal inertia model of the electrolytic cell heat generation, natural heat dissipation, and cooling response is established taking into account the delayed response: Q gen,t,T =P e,t ·(1-th e,t,T ) (A-1) Q dis,t,T =h dis ·(T-T env ) (A-2) Q cool,t,T =P cool,t,T ·COP (A-3) Where t is the time variable, T is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell, and Q gen,t,T P represents the total heat generated by the electrolytic cell at time t and temperature T. e,t represents the operating power of a single electrolytic cell at time t, η e,t,T It represents the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell at time t and temperature T, Q dis,t,T Indicates the natural heat loss at temperature T at time t, h dis Indicates the natural heat dissipation coefficient, T env Indicates the ambient temperature, Q cool,t,T P represents the cooling heat of the cooling tank at the time T when the electrolytic cell is at the temperature T. cool,t,T It means that at time t, the electrolytic cell is the cooling tank operating power at temperature T, COP is the cooling coefficient, k d represents the differential control parameter of the cooling tank, k p represents the proportional control parameter of the cooling tank, T set Indicates the starting temperature of the cooling tank, sgn represents a step function, when the temperature is greater than the starting temperature, the value is 1, C stack Represents the temperature coefficient of the electrolytic cell.

2. A green hydrogen integrated energy park collaborative scheduling method considering the thermal inertia of electrolyzers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, based on the operating parameters of the green hydrogen integrated energy park in step 1 and the thermal inertia model in step 2, power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints are established: 1) Power balance constraints P grid,t =-(P pv,t +P BES,t +P CHP,t +P HS,t )+P EB,t +P EH,t +P com,t +P cool,t +P load,t (A-6) Among them, P BES,t represents the operating power of the battery energy storage at time t, P CHP,t represents the electric power of the cogeneration unit at time t, P com,t Indicates the operating power of the compressor at time t, P EB,t represents the operating power of the electric boiler at time t, P EH,t represents the total operating power of all electrolytic cells at time t, P grid,t represents the exchange power with the grid at time t, P HS,t represents the operating power of hydrogen energy storage at time t, P cool,t represents the cooling tank operating power at time t, P load,t represents the power load at time t, P pv,t represents the photovoltaic output at time t, Indicates the upper limit of the exchange power with the grid, Indicates the lower limit of the exchange power with the grid; 2) Thermal balance constraints h CHP,t +h GB,t +h EB,t =h load,t (A-8) Among them, h CHP,t represents the thermal power of the cogeneration unit at time t, h EB,t represents the thermal power of the electric boiler at time t, h GB,t It represents the thermal power of the gas boiler at time t, h load,t represents the heat load at time t; 3) Equipment operation constraints Cogeneration unit operating constraints: Battery energy storage operation constraints: Operation constraints of hydrogen production, storage and hydrogen energy storage units: P EH,t =∑P ALK,t +∑P PEM,t (A-21) Q HS,t,T =Q HS,t-1,T +H t,T ·Δt-P HS,t / (L h ·η HS ) (A-23) Compressor operating constraints: Cooling tank operation constraints: Among them, b CHP represents the heat-to-electricity ratio of the cogeneration unit, Indicates the minimum operating power of the cogeneration unit. Indicates the maximum operating power of the cogeneration unit. Indicates the minimum operating thermal power of the gas boiler. Indicates the maximum operating thermal power of the gas boiler. Indicates the minimum operating thermal power of the electric boiler. Indicates the maximum operating thermal power of the electric boiler, C SOC,t represents the energy storage state at time t, represents the lower bound of the energy storage state, Indicates the upper limit of the energy storage state, Indicates the minimum operating power of battery energy storage, Indicates the maximum operating power of battery energy storage, η BES Indicates the operating efficiency of battery energy storage, C SOC,t+1 represents the energy storage state at time t+1, Δt represents the running time, Q BES Indicates the rated capacity of the battery energy storage, C SOC,0 represents the energy storage state at time t=0, Represents the state quantity at the initial moment of energy storage, η ch Represents the charging efficiency of battery energy storage, η dis Indicates the discharge efficiency of battery energy storage, It represents the electrolysis efficiency of alkaline electrolytic cell ALK at time t and temperature T, represents the quadratic coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, represents the linear coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, Represents the constant coefficient of the ALK electrolyzer model fitting, α ALK,T Indicates the temperature loss coefficient of alkaline electrolytic cell ALK at temperature T, P ALK,t represents the operating power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK at time t, Indicates the rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK, represents the electrolysis efficiency of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer at time t and temperature T, represents the first fitting coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer, represents the second fitting coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer, α PEM,T P represents the temperature loss coefficient of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer at temperature T. PEM,t represents the operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer at time t, Indicates the rated power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, Indicates the minimum operating power of alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates the maximum operating power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK, Indicates the minimum operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, Indicates the maximum operating power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, H t,T Indicates the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer at the temperature T at time t, Q HS,t,T Indicates the hydrogen storage capacity of the electrolyzer at time t at temperature T, Q HS,t-1,T Indicates the hydrogen storage capacity of the electrolyzer at temperature T at time t-1, represents the lower bound of hydrogen storage capacity, represents the upper limit of hydrogen storage capacity, represents the minimum power generation of hydrogen energy storage, Indicates the maximum power generation of hydrogen energy storage, L h Indicates the lower calorific value of hydrogen, which is 120MJ / kg, ΔT env Indicates the difference between the electrolytic cell temperature and the ambient temperature, η HS represents the power generation efficiency of hydrogen energy storage, P com,t,T represents the compressor output power at time t when the electrolyzer is at temperature T, μ com Indicates the operating parameters of the compressor, R com represents the pressure ratio of the compressor, ρ represents the isentropic index of the compressor, Indicates the maximum operating power of the compressor, τ d represents the dynamic response coefficient of the cooling tank, Indicates the minimum operating power of the cooling tank, Indicates the maximum operating power of the cooling tank.

3. The green hydrogen integrated energy park collaborative scheduling method considering the thermal inertia of the electrolyzer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 4, based on the power balance constraints, thermal balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints established in step 3, the minimum operating cost is established as the objective function: F=min(C E +C H +C RHSS ) (A-30) Among them, F represents the overall optimization goal, C E represents the total electricity cost, T e represents the total operating time, C H represents the total heating energy cost, C RHSS represents the operating cost of new energy hydrogen production and storage stations, ε e is the unit electricity price, η CHP is the heat conversion efficiency of the cogeneration unit, η GB is the boiler efficiency of the gas boiler, ε gas is the unit natural gas purchase price, c p2h is the cost of hydrogen production per unit in the park, c com is the unit power operating cost of the compressor, c cool is the cooling cost per unit power.

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