A method for improving salt tolerance of asparagus
By applying a compound nutrient solution of selenium and silicon to asparagus seedlings, the problem of inhibited growth of asparagus in high-salt environments was solved, and growth indicators and photosynthetic parameters were restored, providing an efficient and safe salt-tolerant cultivation method.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WEIFANG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Asparagus growth is inhibited in high-salt environments. Existing salt-tolerant cultivation measures are costly, time-consuming, or not adaptable enough, and there is a lack of efficient and safe exogenous regulation methods.
Apply a compound nutrient solution rich in selenium (12.74 mg/L~14.57 mg/L) and silicon (0.02 mg/L~0.06 mg/L) to asparagus seedlings at a rate of 1.1 cubic meters/acre to 1.4 cubic meters/acre per application, for 14 to 20 consecutive applications. Optimize the application conditions to 28℃, 85% humidity, and 16/8h light/dark cycle to enhance the photosynthetic capacity of asparagus seedlings.
It significantly improved the growth indicators and photosynthetic parameters of asparagus seedlings under salt stress, restoring them to near-normal levels and alleviating the damage of salt stress to asparagus seedlings.
Smart Images
Figure CN120513823B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings. Background Technology
[0002] asparagus( Asparagus officinalis Asparagus (L.) is a nutritious and economically valuable perennial vegetable crop, widely cultivated globally, primarily in coastal areas and temperate, fertile soil regions such as California in the United States. However, in recent years, due to global climate change, improper irrigation, and agricultural management practices, soil salinization has become increasingly severe, especially in coastal areas. Seawater intrusion, rising groundwater levels, and secondary salinization have led to a continuous increase in soil salt content, far exceeding the critical threshold for asparagus's natural tolerance.
[0003] Studies have shown that high-salt environments significantly inhibit the growth and development of asparagus, specifically manifested as decreased root water absorption capacity, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, ion imbalance, and intensified oxidative stress. This ultimately leads to a sharp decline in yield and deterioration in quality, severely restricting the sustainable development of the asparagus industry. Although asparagus possesses a certain degree of salt tolerance, its tolerance range is limited. Growth is significantly hindered in soils with a salt content >0.5%, making it difficult to adapt to the increasingly severe saline-alkali environment. Therefore, how to effectively enhance the salt tolerance of asparagus through exogenous regulation, enabling it to maintain normal physiological metabolism and yield formation under high-salt stress, has become a key challenge in current asparagus breeding and cultivation technology research.
[0004] Currently, conventional salt-tolerant cultivation measures (such as soil improvement and salt-tolerant variety breeding) have some effect, but they suffer from high costs, long cycles, or insufficient adaptability, making large-scale application difficult. In contrast, the exogenous addition of bioactive substances (such as plant hormones, osmotic regulators, and antioxidants) can rapidly enhance salt tolerance by directly regulating the physiological and biochemical responses of plants, offering advantages such as ease of operation, controllable costs, and wide applicability. However, existing methods for inducing salt tolerance in asparagus are still relatively scarce. Therefore, developing an efficient and safe method to improve the salt tolerance of asparagus is of great significance for mitigating the threat of salinization to agricultural production and promoting the efficient utilization of saline-alkali land resources. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings. This invention discovers that by applying an exogenous compound nutrient solution rich in 12.74 mg / L to 14.57 mg / L selenium and 0.02 mg / L to 0.06 mg / L silicon, the stress state of asparagus seedlings under salt stress can be significantly improved.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings is to apply a compound nutrient solution rich in 12.74 mg / L to 14.57 mg / L selenium and 0.02 mg / L to 0.06 mg / L silicon to the asparagus seedlings. The dosage of the compound nutrient solution applied once is 1.1 cubic meters per mu to 1.4 cubic meters per mu.
[0008] Preferably, the effective components and their contents per liter of the compound nutrient solution are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 660 mg~760 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 120 mg~220 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 200 mg~300 mg, KNO3 460 mg~560 mg, NH4H2PO4 180 mg~280 mg, K2SiO3 70 mg~80 mg, H3BO3 1.15 mg~1.35 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.115 mg~0.135 mg, Fe-EDTA 3.0 mg~5.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.0 mg~2.4 mg, H2MoO4 0.06 mg~0.10 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.00 mg~1.30 mg, and pure Se 0.02 mg~0.06 mg. mg.
[0009] Preferably, the effective components and their contents per liter of the compound nutrient solution are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 710 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 170 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 250 mg, KNO3 510 mg, NH4H2PO4 230 mg, K2SiO3 77 mg, H3BO3 1.24 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.124 mg, Fe-EDTA 4.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.2 mg, H2MoO4 0.08 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.15 mg, and pure Se 0.04 mg.
[0010] Preferably, the compound nutrient solution improves the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings by enhancing their photosynthetic capacity.
[0011] Preferably, the compound nutrient solution is applied by irrigation or spraying.
[0012] Preferably, the compound nutrient solution is applied to the asparagus seedlings every 2 to 3 days.
[0013] Preferably, the compound nutrient solution needs to be applied 14 to 20 times consecutively.
[0014] Preferably, the temperature for applying the compound nutrient solution is 25%~28℃, the humidity is 75%~85%, and the light / dark time is 16 / 8h.
[0015] Preferably, the temperature for applying the compound nutrient solution is 28°C and the humidity is 85%.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0017] This invention involves exogenously applying a compound nutrient solution rich in silicon and selenium to asparagus seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage. The dosage of the compound nutrient solution is 1.1 to 1.4 cubic meters per acre per application, applied once every 2 to 3 days, and continuously treated for 14 to 20 times. This can restore the growth indicators such as fresh weight, dry weight, root length, and stem diameter of asparagus seedlings under salt stress, as well as the photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, to near-normal levels, effectively alleviating the damage of salt stress to asparagus seedlings. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a distribution diagram of five treatment methods for asparagus seedlings in a 128-well tray, where white represents blank wells.
[0020] Figure 2 To investigate the effects of external silicon and selenium on the morphology of asparagus seedlings under salt treatment, two parallel experiments were conducted for each treatment group corresponding to two asparagus seedlings.
[0021] Figure 3 The results show the effects of different treatments on the growth indicators of asparagus seedlings. (A) Figure shows the fresh weight of asparagus seedlings, (B) Figure shows the dry weight of asparagus seedlings, (C) Figure shows the taproot length of asparagus seedlings, (D) Figure shows the root volume of asparagus seedlings, (E) Figure shows the total root length of asparagus seedlings, (F) Figure shows the stem length of asparagus seedlings, (G) Figure shows the stem diameter of asparagus seedlings, (H) Figure shows the leaf length of asparagus seedlings, (I) Figure shows the leaf diameter of asparagus seedlings, and (J) Figure shows the petiole length of asparagus seedlings. Different lowercase letters a, b, c, and d indicate significant differences between groups.
[0022] Figure 4The results show the effects of different treatments on the photosynthetic indicators of asparagus seedlings. (A) shows the net photosynthetic rate, (B) shows the stomatal conductance of asparagus seedlings, (C) shows the transpiration rate of asparagus seedlings, (D) shows the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of asparagus seedlings, (E) shows the chlorophyll a content of asparagus seedlings, and (F) shows the chlorophyll b content of asparagus seedlings. Different lowercase letters a, b, c, and d indicate significant differences between groups. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
[0024] Soil salinization is becoming increasingly serious in some coastal areas, with soil salt content continuing to rise and far exceeding the critical value for asparagus's natural tolerance. Studies have shown that high-salt environments significantly inhibit asparagus growth and development, specifically manifested as decreased root water absorption capacity, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, ion imbalance, and increased oxidative stress, ultimately leading to a sharp decline in yield and deterioration in quality, severely restricting the sustainable development of the asparagus industry. Existing salt tolerance measures (such as soil improvement and breeding) are costly and time-consuming, while regulating salt tolerance using exogenous active substances (such as hormones and osmotic regulators) has the advantages of being rapid and efficient. Currently, methods for inducing salt tolerance in asparagus are still relatively scarce; therefore, developing an efficient and safe method to improve the salt tolerance of asparagus is crucial.
[0025] This invention provides a method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings. The invention found that asparagus seedling growth is significantly inhibited under 100 mM NaCl salt stress, manifested as slow stem and leaf development, hindered root growth, and decreased photosynthetic capacity. By exogenously applying a compound nutrient solution rich in 12.74 mg / L~14.57 mg / L selenium and 0.02 mg / L~0.06 mg / L silicon to asparagus seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage, with a single application dose of 1.1 cubic meters / acre to 1.4 cubic meters / acre, the growth indicators such as fresh weight, dry weight, root length, and stem diameter, as well as photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, of the asparagus seedlings can be restored to near-normal levels, effectively alleviating the damage of salt stress to asparagus seedlings.
[0026] Example 1: A method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings
[0027] I. Formulation of Compound Nutrition
[0028] 1. A compound nutrient solution, which is designated as compound nutrient solution 1 in this invention.
[0029] The effective components and their contents per liter of compound nutrient solution are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 710mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 170mg, MgSO4·7H2O 250mg, KNO3 510mg, NH4H2PO4 230mg, K2SiO3 77mg, H3BO3 1.24mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.124mg, Fe-EDTA 4.0mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.2mg, H2MoO4 0.08mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.15mg, and pure Se 0.04mg.
[0030] 2. A compound nutrient solution, which is designated as compound nutrient solution 2 in this invention.
[0031] The effective components and their contents per liter of compound nutrient solution 2 are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 660 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 120 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 200 mg, KNO3 460 mg, NH4H2PO4 180 mg, K2SiO3 70 mg, H3BO3 1.15 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.115 mg, Fe-EDTA 3.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.0 mg, H2MoO4 0.06 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.00 mg, and pure Se 0.02 mg.
[0032] 3. A compound nutrient solution, which is designated as compound nutrient solution 3 in this invention.
[0033] The effective components and their contents per liter of compound nutrient solution 3 are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 760 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 220 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 300 mg, KNO3 560 mg, NH4H2PO4 280 mg, K2SiO3 80 mg, H3BO3 1.35 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.135 mg, Fe-EDTA 5.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.4 mg, H2MoO4 0.10 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.30 mg, and pure Se 0.06 mg.
[0034] Since compound nutrient solutions 1 through 3 have similar effects, for the convenience of subsequent discussion and reference, the experimental results of compound nutrient solution 1 will be used as an example for subsequent experiments.
[0035] II. Methods to improve the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings
[0036] 1. Germination of asparagus seeds
[0037] The experimental material was 'Champion' asparagus seeds, provided by the Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. First, plump seeds without any mechanical damage were selected and soaked in deionized water at 40℃. Seeds floating on the surface were removed, and then the seeds were placed in a 40℃ incubator in the dark for 24 hours.
[0038] Prepare the seedbed. First, evenly fill the 128-cell tray with substrate (K-type, Kleismann GmbH, Germany). Then, thoroughly water the substrate with deionized water. Carefully transfer the treated seeds into the trays with tweezers, ensuring one seed per cell. Cover with plastic wrap and finally place in a cultivation room (dark, 25°C) to await germination.
[0039] 2. Seedling selection
[0040] Seven days after sowing, once the asparagus seeds germinate, immediately remove the plastic wrap and place them in a cultivation room environment (white LED light, photoperiod of 10 h / 14 h, corresponding to a temperature period of 28℃ / 18℃, and light intensity of 450 μmol·m⁻¹). -2 ·s - 1 Cultivate under PPFD (Polydioxanone Dioxide) and irrigate with multifunctional nutrient solution every two days until thoroughly saturated.
[0041] Each liter of multifunctional nutrient solution contains: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 710 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 170 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 250 mg, KNO3 510 mg, NH4H2PO4 230 mg, H3BO3 1.24 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.124 mg, Fe-EDTA 4.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.2 mg, H2MoO4 0.08 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.15 mg.
[0042] When the seedlings have grown to the stage of two leaves and one heart (14 days after sowing), select asparagus seedlings that are growing uniformly, are similar in size, and are free from pests and diseases, and transfer them to new 128-cell trays. Water them with deionized water for 3 days (17 days after sowing) to remove all residual ions from the substrate.
[0043] 3. Preparation, treatment, and cultivation methods of the treatment solution
[0044] Divide the plants transferred from step 2 to the new 128-cell trays into 5 equal groups, separating each group with blank cells. See the diagram below. Figure 1The parameters of each well in the 128-well plate are: length 29 mm, width 29 mm, and depth 42 mm.
[0045] The experiment was divided into 5 groups: CK, NaCl, NaCl+Si, NaCl+Se, and NaCl+Si+Se. Treatments were performed at 28℃, 85% humidity, and a light / dark ratio of 16 / 8h, repeated every 2 days for 14 consecutive times. Three biological replicates were set up.
[0046] CK: Irrigate with 100 mL of multi-functional nutrient solution;
[0047] NaCl: Treat with 100 mM NaCl;
[0048] NaCl+ Si: Treat with 100 mM NaCl, and simultaneously pour 100 mL of silicon-containing treatment solution directly;
[0049] NaCl+Se: Treat with 100 mM NaCl, and simultaneously spray the leaves with 40 mL of selenium-containing treatment solution;
[0050] NaCl+ Si+Se: Treat with 100 mM NaCl, and simultaneously apply 100 mL of compound nutrient solution 1 by root irrigation.
[0051] Each liter of silicon-containing treatment solution contains: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 710 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 170 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 250 mg, KNO3 510 mg, NH4H2PO4 230 mg, H3BO3 1.24 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.124 mg, Fe-EDTA 4.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.2 mg, H2MoO4 0.08 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.15 mg, and K2SiO3 77 mg.
[0052] Each liter of selenium-containing treatment solution contains: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 710 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 170 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 250 mg, KNO3 510 mg, NH4H2PO4 230 mg, H3BO3 1.24 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.124 mg, Fe-EDTA 4.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.2 mg, H2MoO4 0.08 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.15 mg, and pure Se 0.04 mg.
[0053] 4. Measurement of growth indicators
[0054] After asparagus seedlings were treated and cultivated for 4 weeks (45 days after sowing), 6 plants were randomly selected from each treatment group, and their root substrate was washed away with deionized water.
[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, morphological differences were first compared by taking photos. The control group of asparagus seedlings showed the best growth, followed by the "NaCl + Si + Se" group. Compared with other groups, the growth of asparagus seedlings under salt treatment was significantly inhibited, while the application of silicon and / or selenium could alleviate the stress on asparagus seedlings under salt stress.
[0056] Next, growth data were collected from the washed asparagus seedlings: the fresh weight and dry weight of the plants (oven temperature 60℃, 72 h) were measured using an electronic balance; the stem length, leaf length, petiole length and taproot length of the plants were measured using a steel ruler; the stem diameter and leaf diameter of the plants were measured using a vernier caliper; and the root volume and total root length of the plants were measured using a root analysis system (Microtek ScanWizard Pro).
[0057] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, salt treatment significantly inhibited all indicators. In addition, overall, the growth indicators of asparagus seedlings were significantly improved after the application of silicon and / or selenium. Furthermore, when silicon and selenium were present at the same time, almost all indicators were not significantly different from those of the control group.
[0058] The above fully demonstrates the beneficial effects of external application of silicon and selenium, which can significantly improve the growth inhibition of asparagus caused by salt stress.
[0059] 5. Measurement of photosynthesis-related indicators
[0060] The photosynthetic parameters of asparagus seedlings were measured using a portable photosynthesis measurement system (TARGAS-1, PP Systems, Amesbury, MA, USA) provided by Lufthansa Technologies. The measured parameters included net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration.
[0061] The determination method was as follows: Healthy asparagus leaves were selected from each group, and the various indicators were measured through the leaf chamber window of the photosynthesis apparatus (due to the special shape of asparagus leaves, a piecemeal method was used for measurement). Six plants were selected from each group for measurement, and the measurements were taken three times, with the average value calculated. For chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, four leaves were randomly selected from each treatment as one replicate, for a total of three replicates. These were placed in 2 mL EP tubes, and 1.5 mL of 75% ethanol was added. The tubes were then placed in a 4 ℃ refrigerator for 48 h. The extract was carefully transferred to a cuvette, and the absorbance values at 645 nm and 663 nm were measured using a UV spectrophotometer. The contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were calculated using the following formulas, where "V" is 1.5 and the fresh weight of the sample is 0.1 g.
[0062]
[0063]
[0064] The results are as follows Figure 4 As shown, compared with the control group, all photosynthetic parameters of asparagus seedlings treated with salt showed a significant decrease, indicating that their photosynthesis was greatly affected, leading to a decline in their photosynthetic capacity. However, when silicon or selenium was applied externally, the values of each parameter were significantly improved, and the effects of both were comparable; while the effect of applying a compound nutrient solution rich in silicon and selenium sources was more significant than that of applying silicon-containing or selenium-containing treatment solutions. Except for the net photosynthetic rate, other photosynthetic parameters of asparagus seedlings treated with a compound nutrient solution rich in silicon and selenium sources showed no significant difference from the control group.
[0065] It should be noted that when numerical ranges are involved in this invention, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as in the embodiments, preferred embodiments are described here to avoid redundancy. Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this invention.
[0066] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings, characterized in that, The method is as follows: Select asparagus seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage, and apply a compound nutrient solution rich in 12.74 mg / L~14.57 mg / L selenium and 0.02 mg / L~0.06 mg / L silicon to the asparagus seedlings. The dosage of the compound nutrient solution applied once is 1.1 cubic meters / acre to 1.4 cubic meters / acre. The effective components and contents of each liter of compound nutrient solution are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 660 mg~760 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 120 mg~220 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 200 mg~300 mg, KNO3 460 mg~560 mg, NH4H2PO4 180 mg~280 mg, K2SiO3 70 mg~80 mg, H3BO3 1.15 mg~1.35 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.115 mg~0.135 mg. mg, Fe-EDTA 3.0 mg~5.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.0 mg~2.4 mg, H2MoO4 0.06 mg~0.10 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.00 mg~1.30 mg, pure Se 0.02mg~0.06 mg.
2. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective components and their contents per liter of the compound nutrient solution are as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 710 mg, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 170 mg, MgSO4·7H2O 250 mg, KNO3 510 mg, NH4H2PO4 230 mg, K2SiO3 77 mg, H3BO3 1.24 mg, CuSO4·5H2O 0.124 mg, Fe-EDTA 4.0 mg, MnSO4·4H2O 2.2 mg, H2MoO4 0.08 mg, ZnSO4·7H2O 1.15 mg, and pure Se 0.04 mg.
3. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound nutrient solution is applied by irrigation or spraying.
4. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Apply the compound nutrient solution to the asparagus seedlings every 2 to 3 days.
5. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound nutrient solution needs to be applied 14 to 20 times consecutively.
6. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature for applying the compound nutrient solution is 25%~28℃, and the humidity is 75%~85%.
7. The method for improving the salt tolerance of asparagus seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature for applying the compound nutrient solution was 28°C, and the humidity was 85%.