A morchella jumping plant lures agent, and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a Morchella stolonifer attractant, which comprises the following raw materials: 25-35% Morchella stolonifer powder, 5-10% tea saponin extract, 20-30% Datura plant powder, 15-25% sweet potato seed powder, 10-20% corn flour, 5-15% soybean flour, and 5-10% kaolin. The Morchella stolonifer attractant also comprises 1%-3% starch adhesive for bonding and molding the raw materials. The mass ratio of the Morchella stolonifer attractant is preferably Morchella stolonifer powder: sweet potato seed powder: corn flour: soybean flour: tea saponin extract: Datura plant powder: starch adhesive: kaolin = 28:18:12:8:7:21:2:4. The invention has a reasonable design, realizes precise trapping and killing through the physical structure design of the attractant, combines natural plant-derived ingredients, reduces environmental pollution, and meets the needs of organic agriculture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Morchella jumping insect control, and particularly relates to a Morchella jumping insect trapping agent and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Jumping insects are small wingless arthropods widely distributed in humid environments. Jumping insects are one of the main pests in Morchella cultivation, and the larvae and adults of jumping insects eat mycelium and fruiting bodies, which can cause yield reduction or even complete loss.

[0003] The traditional control method has the following limitations: 1. The traditional use of chemical pesticides (such as pyrethroids and organophosphates) has the problems of high concentration of pesticides, which can inhibit mycelial growth, and high residual risk, which does not meet the requirements of organic planting. For example, although cypermethrin (1000-2000 times dilution) can kill jumping insects, the mycelial growth rate is reduced by 15%-20% after spraying (literature data); 2. In the traditional physical control method (such as water trapping and insect sticking board), water trapping requires frequent water change (every 3 days), which has high labor intensity, and the insect sticking board is only suitable for flying pests (such as mushroom flies), and has poor effect on jumping insects; 3. The traditional method also removes sugar-containing waste (such as corn stalks) in the field to reduce the food source of jumping insects, but Morchella cultivation requires the addition of nutrient bags (containing wheat grains and sawdust), which cannot completely block the feeding path of jumping insects. Therefore, we propose a Morchella jumping insect trapping agent and a preparation method and application thereof to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art, and a Morchella jumping insect trapping agent and a preparation method and application thereof are proposed, which realize precise trapping and reduce environmental pollution by designing the physical structure of the trapping agent and combining natural plant components, and meet the needs of organic agriculture.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] A Morchella jumping insect trapping agent, the Morchella jumping insect trapping agent comprises the following raw materials: Morchella stem powder 25-35%, tea saponin extract 5-10%, Datura plant powder 20-30%, sweet potato seed powder 15-25%, corn powder 10-20%, soybean powder 5-15%, and kaolin 5-10%.

[0007] Preferably, the raw materials of the Morchella jumping insect trapping agent further comprise starch adhesive 1%-3% for raw material bonding and shaping, and the mass ratio of the Morchella jumping insect trapping agent is preferably Morchella stem powder:sweet potato seed powder:corn powder:soybean powder:tea saponin extract:Datura plant powder:starch adhesive:kaolin = 28:18:12:8:7:21:2:4.

[0008] A preparation method of a Morchella jumping insect killing agent, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, raw material pretreatment:

[0010] Morchella stem powder preparation: collect the discarded stems in the Morchella processing process, remove the surface impurities and soil, then dry in a dry and ventilated place, or dry at a constant temperature of 55-65°C for 4-6 hours, then crush it into fine powder with a pulverizer, pass through an 80-100 mesh sieve, and seal for use;

[0011] Datura plant powder preparation: collect fresh Datura plants, dry naturally in the shade after removing impurities, collect dry leaves and stems of Datura plants, crush into powder, pass through a 60-80 mesh sieve, and store in the dark for standby;

[0012] Sweet potato seed powder, corn powder, and soybean powder treatment: select mature and full sweet potato seeds, crush them into powder after washing and drying, and pass through a 60 mesh sieve for standby;

[0013] Select high-quality corn powder and soybean powder from the market to ensure no mold problem, and pass through an 80 mesh sieve for standby;

[0014] Tea saponin extract treatment: select oil tea seeds and other raw materials, crush and dry, extract 2-3 times with 60%-80% ethanol solution at 50-70°C, filter and concentrate to obtain a concentrated solution, adjust the pH of the concentrated solution to remove impurities, extract with ethyl acetate, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain tea saponin extract powder;

[0015] Kaolin selection: select kaolin with impurities <1%, average particle size <2μm, and water absorption within 2h of 10%-15%, and pass through an 80-100 mesh sieve for standby;

[0016] S2, mixing and preparation:

[0017] Plant source bait component initial mixing: pour corn powder, soybean powder, and sweet potato seed powder into a mixer according to the proportion, stir at low speed for 10-15 minutes to make the plant source bait components fully and uniformly mixed;

[0018] Add functional components: add Morchella stem powder, Datura plant powder, and kaolin in turn, continue to stir for 5 minutes, then add tea saponin extract, adjust the humidity to 20-25%, and finally stir at high speed for 20 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the agent;

[0019] Bonding and shaping: add starch adhesive, detect the moisture content of the material again, if it exceeds the range of 20-25%, adjust it by adding dry corn powder to ensure that the final humidity is controlled within the target range, and stir until the material is in a wet and plastic state;

[0020] S3. Mold forming: Use a customized honeycomb cylindrical mold with an inner diameter of 50 mm and a height of 20 mm. Evenly distribute honeycomb channels with a pore diameter of 3 mm inside and a channel density of 15-20 cells / cm2. Fill the mold with the mixed material and apply a pressure of 0.5-1 MPa to compact it. After demolding, a honeycomb cylindrical body is formed.

[0021] S4. Drying: Place the green body in a ventilated drying oven and dry it at 40-50° C. for 8-12 hours until the moisture content is ≤10% to obtain the Morchella springtail attractant. Seal the green body in a moisture-proof bag and store it away from light. The shelf life is 6 months.

[0022] The invention discloses an application of a Morchella springtail attractant, which is used in Morchella artificial cultivation fields, especially in continuously cropped plots or areas with a high incidence of springtails over the years.

[0023] Preferably, the soil is deeply plowed 80-90 days before sowing the morels, weeds and crop residues are removed, and the soil is exposed to the sun for 7-10 days to reduce the initial springtail base in the soil.

[0024] Preferably, the Morchella springtail killer is applied 60 days before Morchella sowing (i.e. 20-30 days after deep plowing), avoiding the rainy season. The application environment requires the field air humidity to be 60%-70%, the temperature to be 15-25°C, and it should be deployed before the peak hatching period of springtails.

[0025] Preferably, 1,000 honeycomb cylindrical morel springtail attractants are evenly distributed per acre and arranged in a 2m×2m grid to ensure that the main activity area of ​​the springtails is covered. 1 / 3 of the honeycomb cylindrical blank is buried in the soil, exposing the honeycomb structure to attract the springtails. After the arrangement is completed, the entire field is covered with a shade net with a shading rate of 60%-70%, and the surrounding areas are compacted with soil blocks.

[0026] Preferably, the sunshade net should be lifted every 7-10 days to observe the loss of the attractant. If mold or insect damage is found, it should be replenished and replaced in time. The integrity of the honeycomb should be checked. If the breakage rate is greater than 30%, additional investment should be made. The soil moisture content should be maintained at 75-85% through ventilation holes or spray systems.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This morel springtail trap precisely attracts springtails through fungal and plant-based baits, allowing tea saponin extract and other agents to act on target pests. Compared with traditional field spraying, it reduces the use of chemical agents, reduces the risk of environmental pollution, and meets the needs of organic agriculture.

[0029] 2. This morel springtail trap increases the contact area between the agent and the springtails through the honeycomb pore design. Actual measurements show that the trapping efficiency of a single springtail is 30%-50% higher than that of ordinary granules. It has a significant prevention and control effect on adult and larvae of springtails on the soil surface.

[0030] 3. This morel springtail killer can ensure that there is no direct contact with chemical agents during the growth period of morel mycelium through early prevention and control 2 months before sowing. Combined with the physical isolation of shade net covering, the risk of pesticide residues in the fruiting body can be reduced to a minimum, meeting the requirements of green edible fungus production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the formula of a Morchella collembolans attractant proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for preparing a Morchella collembolan attractant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0034] A morel springtail trap and killer comprises the following ingredients: 25-35% morel stem powder, 5-10% tea saponin extract, 20-30% datura stramonium powder, 15-25% sweet potato seed powder, 10-20% corn flour, 5-15% soybean flour, and 5-10% kaolin. The trap and killer also includes 1-3% starch binder, which is used to bond the ingredients together and ensure structural stability. The preferred mass ratio of the trap and killer is morel stem powder: sweet potato seed powder: corn flour: soybean flour: tea saponin extract: datura stramonium powder: starch binder: kaolin: 28:18:12:8:7:21:2:4.

[0035] This ratio can be fine-tuned based on actual conditions, such as the insecticide resistance of the springtails and environmental factors. If the environment is humid, the ratio of corn flour to soybean flour can be increased to maintain the dryness and formation of the attractant. In high-humidity areas, the pore size of the honeycomb columns can be increased to 4mm to improve air permeability.

[0036] Among them, the Morchella stalk powder can simulate the odor of the Morchella growth environment. The Morchella stalk powder contains fungal volatile organic compounds (such as 1-octen-3-ol). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection shows that the antennae potential response intensity of its odor components to springtails is 2.3 times that of corn flour. It has a certain attraction to springtails and can attract springtails to gather, forming a "fungal source + plant source" dual attractant system with the plant-derived fragrance of corn flour and soybean flour.

[0037] The saponin components of tea saponin extract can penetrate the wax layer of the body surface of the frog hopper, increase the cell permeability, cause water loss and electrolyte disturbance in the body, and finally kill the frog hopper. After being ingested by the frog hopper, the tea saponin can inhibit the enzyme activity (such as protease and amylase) in the intestinal tract, block the nutrient absorption, and at the same time, damage the epithelial cells in the midgut, so as to exert the stomach poison effect. As a surfactant, the tea saponin can reduce the surface tension of the pesticide solution, promote the adhesion and penetration of the components such as the jimsonweed alkaloid and the amaranthus seed toxin on the body surface of the frog hopper, and improve the overall insecticidal efficiency. Compared with chemical pesticides, the tea saponin is a natural plant-derived component, is easy to be degraded in the soil, has low toxicity to the morel mycelium and non-target organisms (such as earthworms and bees), and meets the needs of organic agriculture. At the same time, the emulsifying property of the tea saponin can help the starch adhesive and kaolin to form a uniform system, prevent the pesticide from caking, and prolong the effective period in the field, such as delaying the loss of effective components caused by rainwater washing;

[0038] The jimsonweed plant powder contains tropane alkaloids, has neurotoxicity, and has certain toxicity to the frog hopper, which can assist the tea saponin extract to enhance the killing effect on the frog hopper.

[0039] The amaranthus seed powder provides sugar and starch, has a natural fragrance, can attract the frog hopper to feed, and is also a good carrier for uniformly mixing other components, so that the trapping agent has a suitable texture and form.

[0040] As an inert carrier, kaolin has a fine and porous structure (particle size is usually <2 μm), can adsorb active components such as tea saponin and jimsonweed powder, avoid the aggregation of the pesticide, ensure the uniform distribution during field application, and the layered structure of kaolin can wrap components such as tea saponin extract, prolong the effective period in the field through the slow-release effect, and prolong the release period of active components. The low water absorption swelling property (water absorption is about 10%-15%) of kaolin can absorb the excess water in the pesticide, prevent the starch adhesive from being mildewed due to moisture, and at the same time, avoid the degradation of jimsonweed powder due to moisture. At the same time, the rough surface of the kaolin particles can scratch the wax layer of the body surface of the frog hopper, cooperate with the penetration of tea saponin, and accelerate the dehydration and death of the frog hopper.

[0041] The starch adhesive can maintain the stability of the honeycomb structure.

[0042] The soybean powder provides protein nutrition and enhances the feeding attraction.

[0043] In the formula, the tea saponin extract is a natural insecticidal component, has contact killing and stomach poisoning effects on the frog hopper, and the component is safe; the jimsonweed powder is dried at 60 DEG C and ground to 80 mesh to avoid the loss of volatile toxicity; the addition of amaranthus seed powder can improve the taxis of the frog hopper and synergize with the smell of morel.

[0044] The application also discloses a preparation method of the morel frog hopper trapping agent.

[0045] S1, raw material pretreatment:

[0046] Morchella stem powder preparation: Collect the discarded stems during Morchella processing, remove surface impurities and soil, then dry in a dry and ventilated place, or dry at a constant temperature of 55-65°C for 4-6 hours, then crush it into fine powder with a pulverizer, pass through an 80-100 mesh sieve, and seal for later use;

[0047] Datura powder preparation: Collect fresh Datura plants, remove impurities, and air dry in a cool place. Collect the dried leaves, stems, and other parts of the Datura plant, crush them into powder, pass through a 60-80 mesh sieve, and store in the dark (to prevent degradation of alkaloids) for later use;

[0048] Sweet potato seed powder, corn powder, and soybean powder treatment: Select mature and plump sweet potato seeds, wash and dry them, then crush them into powder and pass through a 60 mesh sieve for later use. Ensure uniform powder fineness and reduce particle impurities.

[0049] Corn powder and soybean powder: Select high-quality products from the market, ensuring no mold growth or other issues. Pass through an 80 mesh sieve for later use.

[0050] Tea saponin extract treatment: Select tea seed and other raw materials, crush and dry them, then extract them with 60%-80% ethanol solution at 50-70°C for 2-3 times. Filter and concentrate the extract to obtain a concentrated solution. Adjust the pH of the concentrated solution to 5.0-7.0 to remove impurities. Extract with ethyl acetate and distill under reduced pressure to obtain tea saponin extract powder.

[0051] Kaolin selection: Select kaolin with impurities (Fe2O3, TiO2) <1%, average particle size <2μm, and water absorption within 2h of 10%-15%. The kaolin content should be ≥90%. Pass through an 80-100 mesh sieve for later use to avoid affecting the uniformity of the mixture.

[0052] S2, mixing and preparation:

[0053] Initial mixing of plant-derived bait components: Pour the corn powder, soybean powder, and sweet potato seed powder into the mixer according to the proportion, and stir at low speed for 10-15 minutes to ensure uniform mixing of the plant-derived bait components.

[0054] Add functional components: Add Morchella stem powder, Datura plant powder, and kaolin in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes, then add tea saponin extract, adjust the moisture content to 20-25%, and finally stir at high speed for 20 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the pesticide.

[0055] Bonding and shaping: Add starch adhesive, and check the moisture content of the material again. If it exceeds the range of 20-25%, adjust it by adding dry corn powder to ensure that the final moisture content is within the target range. Stir until the material is in a wet and plastic state, i.e., it can be held together by hand and scattered by light pressure.

[0056] S3, mold forming: using a customized honeycomb cylindrical mold, inner diameter 50mm, height 20mm, evenly distributed honeycomb channels with a hole diameter of 3mm inside, channel density 15-20 per square centimeter, fill the mixture into the mold, apply 0.5-1MPa pressure to compact, after demolding, form a honeycomb cylindrical blank.

[0057] S4, drying: place the blank in a ventilated drying oven, dry at 40-50℃ for 8-12 hours, until the moisture content is ≤10%, ensure that the structure is hard and not easy to break, at the same time avoid high temperature damage to the effective ingredients, avoid cracking or mold, get the Morchella jumping insect attractant, sealed in a moisture-proof bag, store in the dark, shelf life 6 months.

[0058] The application also discloses an application of the Morchella jumping insect attractant, which is used in Morchella artificial cultivation fields, especially in continuous cropping plots or areas where jumping insects occur frequently in previous years, and the best use time is 2 months before Morchella sowing, i.e. September-October, at which time the jumping insects are more active, and have not yet caused harm to the growth of Morchella, and early trapping can effectively reduce the base number of jumping insects. According to the local climate, adjust to ensure that the soil pesticide residue meets the standard at the time of sowing.

[0059] Deep plowing the soil 80-90 days before sowing, removing weeds and crop residues, and exposing to the sun for 7-10 days can reduce the initial jumping insect base number of the soil.

[0060] The Morchella jumping insect attractant is applied 60 days before sowing (i.e. 20-30 days after deep plowing), and the application environment requires that the field air humidity is 60%-70%, the temperature is 15-25℃, and the laying is arranged before the peak period of jumping insect hatching.

[0061] The field laying density is: evenly laying 1000 honeycomb cylindrical Morchella jumping insect attractants per mu, and placing them according to a 2m*2m grid, so as to ensure that the main activity area of the jumping insects is covered.

[0062] The field laying and burying depth is: 1 / 3 of the honeycomb cylindrical blank is buried in the soil (about 7mm), and the honeycomb structure is exposed to attract jumping insects, so as to avoid being buried or displaced by rainwater.

[0063] Rubber gloves and masks are needed during preparation and placement, and hands should be washed after operation.

[0064] Covering sunshade net: after placement, cover the whole field with a sunshade net with a light blocking rate of 60%-70%, and compact the soil around it; the jumping insects prefer a microenvironment with a humidity of 80%-90% and a light blocking rate of more than 60%, so that a weak light and humid environment suitable for the activity of the jumping insects can be created, so as to attract the jumping insects to eat the attractant and kill them; meanwhile, the sunshade net can also reduce the direct washing of the attractant by rainwater, and prolong the effective action time of the attractant.

[0065] Uncover the sunshade net every 7-10 days to observe the loss of the killing agent, if mold or serious insect damage is found, timely supplement and replace, and check the integrity of the honeycomb, and the damage rate is greater than 30% needs to be supplemented.

[0066] Maintain the soil moisture content at 75-85% through the ventilation opening or the spray system, avoid over-dry to reduce the jumping insect activity, or over-wet to cause the killing agent to rot.

[0067] Need to complete the killing agent placement 30 days before the Morel spore seeding, the effective period of single placement is 45-60 days, covering the whole jumping insect outbreak period. Before the Morel spore seeding, clean the remaining killing agent out of the mushroom field, to avoid causing adverse effects on the growth of the Morel. The unused killing agent needs to be sealed and stored in a cool and dry place.

[0068] The Morel jumping insect killing agent, the preparation method and the application thereof are further illustrated through specific examples as follows:

[0069] Yunnan Morel base field test

[0070] 1. Test background and purpose

[0071] Test site: a Morel cultivation base in Kunming City, Yunnan Province, with an average annual temperature of 15℃, soil is red soil, pH 6.2-6.8.

[0072] Test purpose: to verify the prevention and control effect of the killing agent on the jumping insect and the influence on the yield of the Morel.

[0073] Test field design: select a 3-mu contiguous field, and randomly divide it into 3 groups:

[0074] Test group (1 mu): use the killing agent of the application;

[0075] Control group 1 (1 mu): spray traditional chemical agents (5% high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsion, 100 mL per mu, mixed with 50 kg of water);

[0076] Control group 2 (1 mu): blank control group without any prevention and control measures.

[0077] 2. Materials and equipment

[0078] Preparation of the killing agent:

[0079] Formula (in mass percentage):

[0080] Morel stem powder 35%, tea saponin extract 8%, Datura plant powder 20%, sweet potato seed powder 15%, corn powder 10%, soybean powder 5%, kaolin 5%, starch adhesive 2%.

[0081] Mold: Customized stainless steel honeycomb cylinder mold (inner diameter 50 mm x height 20 mm, hole diameter 3 mm, hole depth 15 mm, 36 holes per column).

[0082] Other equipment: pulverizer, mixer, hot air drying oven, sunshade net (light shielding rate 70%), soil temperature and humidity meter.

[0083] 3. Preparation method

[0084] Grind and sieve each raw material according to the above pretreatment method, mix the corn powder, soybean powder, and sweet potato seed powder in the mixer for 15 minutes, then add the Morchella stipe powder, Datura plant powder, and kaolin in sequence, continue to stir for 5 minutes, then add the tea saponin extract, adjust the humidity to 20-25% by adding water, and finally stir at high speed for 20 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the medicament. Add the starch adhesive aqueous solution in portions, detect the material humidity again, if it exceeds the range of 20-25%, adjust the final humidity to the target interval by adding dry corn powder, and stir until the material is plastic, pour into the honeycomb mold for compression molding, dry at 45°C for 10 hours, and obtain about 1000 honeycomb cylinders (each with a mass of about 10 g), which are sealed in aluminum foil moisture-proof bags for standby.

[0085] 4. Field application

[0086] Release time: October 5 (the planned sowing date of Morchella is December 10).

[0087] Release method:

[0088] The test groups are evenly laid out with 1000 honeycomb columns, which are buried in the soil surface 2-3 cm below according to a 1 m x 0.6 m grid with the honeycomb orifice facing upwards. Cover the whole field with black sunshade nets, which are laid overhead 30 cm above the ground, and maintain the field light transmittance ≤30%. Maintain the soil water content at 75-85% (adjust by spraying water in the morning and evening), and the temperature at 15-25°C (control by sunshade nets and ventilation).

[0089] Control group 1 sprays traditional chemical agents.

[0090] Control group 2 does not take any prevention and control measures.

[0091] 5. Data collection and analysis method

[0092] Hopper density monitoring:

[0093] Method: Randomly select 10 sample points (20 cm x 20 cm area) every 7 days, use "sugar vinegar liquid trap method" to capture hoppers, and count the number of hoppers per unit area.

[0094] Time points: before release (T0), 15 days after release (T1), 30 days after release (T2), and 45 days after release (T3).

[0095] The jumping insect damage rate statistics are as follows:

[0096] The Morel mushroom fruiting period (March of the following year) is randomly selected 100 fruiting bodies, and the proportion of being bitten by jumping insects is recorded.

[0097] Morel yield determination:

[0098] The yield per mu (fresh weight) of each group is counted at the harvest period, and the differences between the test group and the control group are compared.

[0099] 6. Test results

[0100] Jumping insect trapping effect:

[0101] Group [T0 (head / m 2 )] [T1 (head / m 2 )]]> [T2 (head / m 2 )] [T3 (head / m 2 )] Test group 320±25 150±18 50±8 15±3 Control group 1 315±22 280±20 220±15 180±12 Control group 2 310±20 450±30 600±40 800±50

[0102] From the above experimental results, it can be seen that the jumping insect reduction rate of the test group is 95.3% (T3 vs T0), which is significantly higher than that of the control group 1, which is 42.9%.

[0103] Jumping insect damage rate and Morel yield:

[0104] Group Hopper damage rate (%) Yield per mu (kg) Test group 5.2±0.8 215±12 Control group 1 28.5±2.1 168±10 Control group 2 85.0±4.5 65±8

[0105] From the above experimental results, it can be seen that the yield of the test group is increased by 28% compared with the control group 1, and the mushroom body has no pesticide residue (GB2763-2021 detection qualified).

[0106] The trapping agent of the present application shows significant effect in Morel field:

[0107] 1. Rapid insect control: The jumping insect density is reduced by 95% within 45 days, and the effective period covers the jumping insect reproduction peak period.

[0108] 2. Increase yield and quality: The damage rate is reduced to less than 5%, the yield per mu is increased by 28%, and there is no chemical residue.

[0109] 3. Environmental compatibility: The natural degradation rate of the honeycomb column is more than 90% after 60 days, and the shading net has no negative effect on the light requirement of Morel.

[0110] The principle of the Morel jumping insect trapping agent:

[0111] 1. Triple induction mechanism

[0112] 1. Odor collection: The fungal volatile organic compounds (such as 1-octen-3-ol) contained in the Morel stipe powder and the plant aroma of corn powder and soybean powder synergistically act, simulate the natural food source (humus, fungal hyphae) of jumping insects, and attract them to gather around the trapping agent.

[0113] 2. Structure guidance: 3mm honeycomb aperture matches the size of flea hoppers (body length 1-3mm), facilitating their free entry and exit; the cylindrical height of 20mm ensures that the pesticide is in full contact with the surface soil, forming a three-dimensional trapping space.

[0114] 3. Nutritional induction: the natural plant odor of tea saponin extract cooperates with ingredients such as Morel stem powder and corn powder to form a complex trapping system, attracting flea hoppers to actively contact or feed on the pesticide; the starch of sweet potato seed powder and the protein of soybean powder provide sustained feeding motivation for flea hoppers, prolonging their residence time in the trapping agent.

[0115] II. Compound killing effect

[0116] 1. Chemical killing: the saponin components of tea saponin extract can penetrate the wax layer on the surface of flea hoppers, increasing cell permeability, leading to water loss and electrolyte disturbance in the body, and ultimately killing by contact. After being ingested by flea hoppers, tea saponin can inhibit the activity of intestinal enzymes (such as protease and amylase), block nutrient absorption, and damage the epithelial cells of the midgut, exerting a stomach poison effect.

[0117] 2. Biological inhibition: the alkaloids of Datura stramonium destroy the epithelial cells of the midgut of flea hoppers, inhibit the activity of digestive enzymes, and make them lose the ability to feed, with the effects of antifeeding and chronic killing.

[0118] 3. Environmental synergy: the high-humidity environment created by the sunshade net promotes the activity of flea hoppers, while the dry solid form of the trapping agent avoids rapid loss of the pesticide, prolonging the action time.

[0119] The trapping agent and application method provided by the present application can effectively reduce the base number of flea hoppers before the Morel is sown, providing key technical support for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Morel.

[0120] The above is only the preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A Morchella springtail trapping agent, characterized in that: The morel springtail attractant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25-35% of morel stipe powder, 5-10% of tea saponin extract, 20-30% of datura plant powder, 15-25% of sweet potato seed powder, 10-20% of corn flour, 5-15% of soybean flour and 5-10% of kaolin.

2. A Morchella springtail attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials of the morel springtail attractant also include 1%-3% starch adhesive, which is used for bonding the raw materials into shape. The mass ratio of the morel springtail attractant is morel stipe powder: sweet potato seed powder: corn flour: soybean flour: tea saponin extract: datura plant powder: starch adhesive: kaolin = 28:18:12:8:7:21:2:

4.

3. A method for preparing a Morchella edulis attractant, for preparing the Morchella edulis attractant according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Preparation of Morchella stipe powder: Collect the discarded stipes during the processing of Morchella, clean them, remove impurities and dirt on the surface, and then place them in a dry and ventilated place to dry, or dry them at a constant temperature of 55-65°C for 4-6 hours, then grind them into fine powder using a grinder, pass them through an 80-100 mesh sieve, and seal them for later use; Preparation of Datura plant powder: Collect fresh Datura plants, remove impurities, and air-dry them in a cool place. Gather the dried leaves and stems of the Datura plants, crush them into powder, sieve them through a 60-80 mesh sieve, and store them away from light for later use. Sweet potato seed powder, corn flour, and soybean flour processing: Select mature and plump sweet potato seeds, wash and dry them, grind them into powder, and pass them through a 60-mesh sieve for later use; Choose high-quality corn flour and soybean flour from the market to ensure they are free of mold and mildew, and sieve them through an 80-mesh sieve for later use. Tea saponin extract treatment: Select raw materials such as camellia seeds, crush and dry them, extract them with 60%-80% ethanol aqueous solution at 50-70℃ for 2-3 times, filter and concentrate to obtain a concentrate, adjust the pH of the concentrate to remove impurities, extract with ethyl acetate, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain a crude tea saponin extract powder; Kaolin selection: Choose kaolin with impurities less than 1%, average particle size less than 2μm, and water absorption of 10%-15% within 2 hours, and pass it through an 80-100 mesh sieve for later use; S2. Mixing preparation: Initial mixing of plant-derived bait ingredients: Pour corn flour, soybean flour, and sweet potato seed powder into a mixer in proportion, and stir at low speed for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the plant-derived bait ingredients are fully and evenly mixed; Add functional ingredients: Add morel stem powder, datura plant powder and kaolin in sequence, continue stirring for 5 minutes, then add tea saponin extract, add water to adjust the humidity to 20-25%, and finally stir at high speed for 20 minutes to ensure that the agent is evenly dispersed; Bonding and molding: Add starch adhesive and test the material moisture again. If it exceeds the range of 20-25%, fine-tune by adding dry corn flour to ensure that the final moisture is controlled within the target range. Stir until the material is moist and plastic. S3. Mold forming: Use a customized honeycomb cylindrical mold with an inner diameter of 50 mm and a height of 20 mm. Evenly distribute honeycomb channels with a pore diameter of 3 mm inside and a channel density of 15-20 cells / cm2. Fill the mold with the mixed material and apply a pressure of 0.5-1 MPa to compact it. After demolding, a honeycomb cylindrical body is formed. S4. Drying: Place the green body in a ventilated drying oven and dry it at 40-50°C for 8-12 hours until the moisture content is ≤10% to obtain the Morchella springtail attractant. Seal the green body in a moisture-proof bag and store it away from light. The shelf life is 6 months.

4. An application of a Morchella edulis attractant, comprising the Morchella edulis attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: Used for artificial cultivation of morels in continuously cropped plots or areas with a high incidence of springtails.

5. The use of a Morchella collembolans attractant according to claim 4, characterized in that: Deeply plow the soil 80-90 days before sowing morels, remove weeds and crop residues, and expose it to the sun for 7-10 days to reduce the initial base number of springtails in the soil.

6. The use of a Morchella collembolans attractant according to claim 4, characterized in that: The morel springtail killer is applied 60 days before morel sowing, avoiding the rainy season. The application environment requires the field air humidity to be 60%-70%, the temperature to be 15-25°C, and it should be deployed before the peak hatching period of springtails.

7. The use of a Morchella collembolans attractant according to claim 4, characterized in that: 1,000 honeycomb cylindrical morel springtail attractants are evenly distributed per acre and arranged in a 2m×2m grid to ensure that the main activity area of ​​the springtails is covered. 1 / 3 of the honeycomb cylindrical body is buried in the soil, exposing the honeycomb structure to attract springtails. After the arrangement is completed, the entire field is covered with a shade net with a shading rate of 60%-70%, and compacted with soil blocks on all sides.

8. The use of a Morchella springtail attractant according to claim 4, characterized in that: Lift the shade net every 7-10 days to observe the loss of the attractant. If mold or insect damage is found, replenish and replace it in time, and check the integrity of the honeycomb. If the breakage rate is greater than 30%, re-addition is required. Maintain the soil moisture content at 75-85% through ventilation holes or spray systems.

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