High-efficiency coking furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency coking furnace, and relates to the technical field of coking equipment, the high-efficiency coking furnace comprises a furnace body assembly, the furnace body assembly comprises a lower furnace body and an upper furnace body, the outer wall of the lower furnace body and the outer wall of the upper furnace body are sleeved with a heat insulation shell, the bottom of the heat insulation shell is fixedly connected with a supporting base, and a rotating assembly is installed at the center of the top surface of the supporting base; a heat energy recovery assembly is installed on the top face of the upper furnace body, the heat energy recovery assembly is connected with a purification assembly, and two temperature sensing assemblies are installed in the heat energy recovery assembly. The heat exchange structure can fully utilize heat energy of high-temperature flue gas in the carbonization chamber to preheat low-temperature clean coal gas and cold air, a gas heat absorption path is prolonged through a labyrinth structure, the temperature of gas entering the gas mixing ring is greatly increased, and the mixed combustion heat value of the clean coal gas and hot air after heat exchange is remarkably higher than that of normal-temperature mixed gas; therefore, combustion efficiency is improved, fuel consumption is reduced, and sufficient and stable heat sources in the coking process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coking equipment, in particular to a high-efficiency coking furnace. Background Art

[0002] Coking is an important industrial process that pyrolyzes coal at high temperatures in an airtight environment to produce products such as coke, coal gas, and coal tar. The reaction process places high demands on the stability of heat energy supply and gas combustion efficiency. In existing technologies, coking furnaces often utilize a closed furnace body combined with an external combustion chamber to achieve coal carbonization. The coal gas is generally discharged and then processed in a purification unit for recycling as combustible gas. However, in actual operation, existing coking units generally suffer from the following technical problems: First, the temperature of the raw coal gas is relatively low after purification. If it is used directly for combustion, the combustion will be incomplete, ignition will be difficult, and the calorific value utilization rate will be low. Second, the combustion-supporting air is often directly fed into the burner at room temperature, which also has the problem of insufficient heat exchange capacity and inability to efficiently mix with the low-temperature coal gas, seriously affecting the combustion efficiency and heat production stability. Third, most current systems lack real-time control measures for the state of the combustion gas, especially in the early stage of combustion or at low temperatures, when the gas enters the burner before reaching the combustible temperature, which can easily cause combustion failure or energy waste, and lacks adaptive temperature control capabilities. In addition, although some systems use electronic temperature control components for adjustment, they are complex in structure, high in cost, and difficult to maintain, making it difficult to adapt to the requirements of long-term stable operation in a high-temperature carbonization environment. Therefore, a coking furnace type with a reasonable structure, timely response, gas circulation heating function and gas temperature adaptive control capability is needed to improve the gas utilization efficiency and achieve the high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection goals of the coking reaction process.

[0003] After searching, it was found that the prior art publication number is CN115405938A, which discloses a coking furnace tail gas clean combustion utilization system, which includes a burner, a heating device, a drying device and a dust collecting device connected in sequence, wherein the air inlet end of the burner is connected to the tail gas valve group and the blower of the coking furnace; the burner is a pre-combustion chamber type coal powder swirl burner. This scheme realizes efficient, clean and reasonable utilization of the VOCs tail gas of the coking plant through the burner, heating device, drying device and dust collecting device connected in sequence.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above search and in combination with existing technologies, an existing coking furnace exhaust clean combustion utilization system only performs terminal combustion treatment on the exhaust gas, does not form a closed heat energy cycle, and cannot improve the thermal efficiency of the coking furnace itself; at the same time, the air is directly combusted without preheating, and the combustion efficiency is relatively low; the overall technical level and energy efficiency control capabilities are relatively low, which makes it difficult to meet the current needs of energy conservation, carbon reduction and high-quality coking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency coking furnace to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: including a furnace body assembly, the furnace body assembly includes a lower furnace body and an upper furnace body, the lower furnace body and the upper furnace body are fixedly connected by bolts, the outer walls of the lower furnace body and the upper furnace body are jointly covered with a heat-insulating shell, the bottom of the heat-insulating shell is fixedly connected to a support base, a rotating assembly is installed at the center of the top surface of the support base, the rotating assembly is connected to the lower furnace body, a heat recovery assembly is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body, the heat recovery assembly is connected to a purification assembly for filtering raw coal gas, and two groups of temperature sensing assemblies are installed inside the heat recovery assembly.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, mounting arms are welded and fixed to the four walls of the support base, supporting feet are welded and fixed at equal intervals on the circumference of the bottom end of the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell, and several supporting feet are fixed to several mounting arms by bolts respectively. The rotating assembly includes a supporting ring, which is welded and fixed at the center of the top surface of the support base, and the supporting ring is coaxially sleeved on the bottom end of the lower furnace body.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, an extension arm is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the supporting ring, the end of the extension arm is rotatably connected to a driving gear, the rotating shaft of the driving gear is coaxially fixedly connected to a servo motor, and a gear ring is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end of the outer wall of the lower furnace body, and the gear ring is engaged with the driving gear.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the heat recovery assembly includes a coke guide tube, which is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body by bolts. A gas heat exchange tube and an air heat exchange tube are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the coke guide tube, and the outer walls of the gas heat exchange tube and the air heat exchange tube are tightly abutted against the outer wall of the coke guide tube.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the bottom ends of the gas heat exchange pipe and the air heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to the first air duct and the second air duct, the ends of the first air duct and the second air duct away from the gas heat exchange pipe and the air heat exchange pipe are commonly connected to a mixing ring, and an air pump is fixedly installed at the air inlet at the top of the air heat exchange pipe.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a return air pipe assembly is fixedly installed on the outer walls of the first air duct and the second air duct. The return air pipe assembly includes a return air pipe body. The ends of the two return air pipe bodies away from the first air duct and the second air duct are respectively connected to the gas heat exchange pipe and the air heat exchange pipe. A second ball valve is installed inside the return air pipe body, and a second spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second ball valve.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, two groups of temperature sensing components are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls of the first air duct and the second air duct, and the temperature sensing components include a bimetallic spiral sheet, and a mounting ring and a driving ring are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the bimetallic spiral sheet, and the two mounting rings are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls of the first air duct and the second air duct.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, a mounting column is welded and fixed to the end of the driving ring away from the bimetallic spiral plate, a sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting column, a sliding rod is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the sleeve, a rotating disk is welded and fixed to the end of the sliding rod away from the sleeve, and fixed disks are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the first air guide tube and the second air guide tube, and the end face of the rotating disk away from the sliding rod abuts against the fixed disk.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the heat recovery component also includes a first ball valve, which is installed inside the focus guide tube, and a first spring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first ball valve. The outer wall of the mixing ring is respectively connected to the first burner and the second burner, and the first burner and the second burner are respectively fixedly installed on the outer wall of the heat-insulating outer shell, and the first burner and the second burner correspond to the positions of the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body respectively.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the purification component includes a wet scrubber, the top surface of the wet scrubber is connected to the focus guide pipe through a gas pipe, and an outlet pipe is provided on the outer wall of the wet scrubber, and the end of the outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet at the top of the gas heat exchange pipe through a return pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. During use, the present invention closely arranges the coke guide tube, the gas heat exchange tube, and the air heat exchange tube to form a high-efficiency heat exchange structure. This heat exchange structure fully utilizes the thermal energy of the high-temperature flue gas within the carbonization chamber to preheat the low-temperature clean gas and cold air. Each heat exchange element is made of copper with excellent thermal conductivity, and a labyrinthine structure extends the gas heat absorption path, significantly increasing the temperature of the gas entering the gas mixing ring. Experiments have shown that the calorific value of the mixed combustion of the clean gas and hot air after heat exchange is significantly higher than that of the mixed gas at room temperature, thereby improving combustion efficiency, reducing fuel consumption, and ensuring a sufficient and stable heat source for the coking process. 2. During use, the present invention establishes a closed thermal energy circulation path. The raw coal gas is filtered through a wet scrubber and converted into clean coal gas. The clean gas is then returned to the heat exchange unit and reused for heating in the furnace, achieving cascade utilization and recycling of energy. This design significantly reduces VOCs emissions and gas waste, alleviating the pressure on end-of-pipe treatment. At the same time, it optimizes the overall thermal efficiency and environmental performance of the system, complying with current energy conservation and emission reduction policies. 3. During use, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring of the temperature of the outer wall of the focus guide tube by arranging a bimetallic spiral blade capable of sensing the temperature range of 70°C to 100°C in the heat energy recovery component. When the gas temperature does not reach the threshold value, the bimetallic spiral blade does not move, the return air duct remains closed, and the cold coal gas and cold air form a closed circulation through the return air duct body, and return to the coal gas heat exchange pipe and the air heat exchange pipe for secondary heating; when the gas temperature reaches 70°C and continues to rise, the bimetallic spiral blade generates a deformation in response to the temperature rise, driving the sliding rod linkage rotation structure to open the ventilation path, so that the heated clean coal gas and hot air can smoothly enter the gas mixing ring for mixing, and then be supplied to the burner for ignition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 An exploded view of the furnace assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 An exploded view of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 6 An exploded view of the rotating assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heat recovery component of the present invention; Figure 8 The heat recovery component structure of the present invention explodes Figure 1 ; Figure 9 The heat recovery component structure of the present invention explodes Figure 2 ; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat recovery assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of the structure at point A; Figure 12 for Figure 10 A magnified view of the structure at point B; Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the purification component structure of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature sensing component of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the temperature sensing component structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the picture: 1. Furnace body assembly; 11. Insulation shell; 111. Opening and closing door; 112. Mounting base; 113. Support legs; 12. Lower furnace body; 13. Upper furnace body; 131. Sealing door; 132. Mounting port; 2. Support base; 21. Mounting arm; 22. Support ring; 3. Rotating assembly; 31. Support ring; 311. Extension arm; 32. Driving gear; 33. Servo motor; 34. Gear ring; 35. Bearing ring; 4. Heat recovery assembly; 41. Coke guide tube; 42. Gas heat exchange tube; 421. First air guide tube; 43. Air heat exchange tube; 431. Second air guide tube; 44. Air pump; 45. Gas mixing ring; 46. First burner; 461. Third air guide tube; 47. Second burner; 471. Fourth air guide tube; 48. First ball valve; 481. First spring; 49. First sealing cover; 5. Purification component; 51. Wet scrubber; 511. Gas outlet pipe; 52. Second sealing cover; 53. Gas transmission pipe; 54. Third sealing cover; 55. Return pipe; 6. Air return pipe assembly; 61. Air return pipe body; 62. Second ball valve; 63. Second spring; 7. Temperature sensing component; 71. Bimetallic spiral; 72. Mounting ring; 73. Drive ring; 731. Mounting column; 74. Sleeve; 75. Slide rod; 751. Rotating disk; 76. Fixed disk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 、 Figure 8, a high-efficiency coking furnace includes a furnace body assembly 1, the furnace body assembly 1 includes a lower furnace body 12 and an upper furnace body 13, the lower furnace body 12 and the upper furnace body 13 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the outer walls of the lower furnace body 12 and the upper furnace body 13 are jointly sheathed with a heat-insulating shell 11. Specifically, the heat-insulating shell 11 is cylindrical, and the inner wall dimensions of the upper and lower connecting ports of the heat-insulating shell 11 are respectively adapted to the outer wall dimensions of the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12. The upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12 form a closed carbonization chamber, and a combustion heating chamber is formed between the inner wall of the heat-insulating shell 11 and the outer wall of the carbonization chamber. An opening and closing door 111 is hinged on the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell 11, and a sealing door 131 is installed on the outer wall of the upper furnace body 13. After opening the opening and closing door 111 and the sealing door 131, coal is fed into the furnace body. The coal is dry-distilled in the carbonization chamber for about 18 to 24 hours, and the coal is completed. After the reaction, it becomes lump coke. The bottom of the heat-insulating shell 11 is fixedly connected to a support base 2. A rotating component 3 is installed at the center of the top surface of the support base 2. The rotating component 3 is connected to the lower furnace body 12. A heat recovery component 4 is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body 13. The heat recovery component 4 is connected to a purification component 5 for filtering the raw coal gas. Specifically, the raw coal gas is a mixed gas directly produced during the dry distillation of lignite, which contains a large amount of impurities and recyclable by-products. The purpose of the purification process is to remove impurities and extract useful components, such as tar, ammonia water, crude benzene, etc., and convert the raw coal gas into combustible clean coal gas. The clean coal gas is used for return to the furnace for combustion to save energy. Two groups of temperature sensing components 7 are installed inside the heat recovery component 4. Specifically, the two groups of temperature sensing components 7 are used to detect whether the gas temperature increase reaches a specified threshold.

[0021] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The four walls of the support base 2 are welded with mounting arms 21, and the bottom end of the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell 11 is welded with supporting legs 113 at equal intervals. Several supporting legs 113 are fixedly connected to several mounting arms 21 by bolts.

[0022] See also Figures 4 to 6The rotating assembly 3 includes a supporting ring 31, which is welded and fixed at the center of the top surface of the support base 2. The supporting ring 31 is coaxially sleeved on the bottom end of the lower furnace body 12. Specifically, a number of balls are equidistantly inlaid on the top surface of the supporting ring 31. The outer walls of the balls are in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the lower furnace body 12. The balls can reduce the friction generated when the lower furnace body 12 rotates. An extension arm 311 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the supporting ring 31. The end of the extension arm 311 is rotatably connected to the driving gear 32. The rotating shaft of the driving gear 32 is coaxially fixedly connected to the servo motor 33. The bottom end of the outer wall of the lower furnace body 12 is coaxially fixedly installed with a gear ring 34. The gear ring 34 and the driving gear 3 2 meshing and snapping, specifically, a support ring 22 is welded and fixed at the center of the top surface of the support base 2, and a bearing ring 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the support ring 22. A rotating ring is welded and fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the lower furnace body 12, and the inner wall of the rotating ring is coaxially fixedly connected with the outer wall of the bearing ring 35. The bearing ring 35 can further reduce the friction generated when the lower furnace body 12 rotates. The servo motor 33 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the extension arm 311 by bolts. The servo motor 33 indirectly drives the gear ring 34 and the lower furnace body 12 to rotate by driving the driving gear 32 to rotate. The servo motor 33 controls the carbonization chamber to rotate inside the heat-insulating shell 11, so that the coal inside the carbonization chamber is heated evenly.

[0023] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 3 to 15, a high-efficiency coking furnace, which is different from Example 1 in that the heat recovery component 4 includes a coke guide pipe 41, which is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body 13 by bolts. Specifically, a mounting port 132 is opened at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body 13, and the bottom end of the coke guide pipe 41 is fixedly installed at the mounting port 132 by bolts. The coke guide pipe 41 is cylindrical and passes through the top and bottom. The coke guide pipe 41 is connected to the interior of the carbonization chamber. A gas heat exchange pipe 42 and an air heat exchange pipe 43 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the coke guide pipe 41. The outer walls of the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 are tightly abutted against the outer wall of the coke guide pipe 41. Specifically, the coke guide pipe 41, the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 are all made of copper. Copper has good thermal conductivity, and the coke guide pipe 41 can transfer the heat generated in the carbonization chamber to the heat exchange chamber. The heat of the flue gas generated in the heat exchange pipe 42 is transferred to the inside of the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43. Correspondingly, the low-temperature gas flowing rapidly inside the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 can cool down the high-temperature flue gas passing through the focus guide pipe 41 through heat conduction. In order to increase the heat dissipation area, the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 both adopt a labyrinth structure layout, such as a serpentine coil structure. This structure can increase the heat absorption stroke of the gas inside the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 while increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the focus guide pipe 41. The bottom ends of the gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 are respectively connected to the first air guide pipe 421 and the second air guide pipe 431. The first air guide pipe 421 and the second air guide pipe 431 are away from the gas heat exchange pipe 4 2 and one end of the air heat exchange pipe 43 are commonly connected to a mixing ring 45. An air pump 44 is fixedly installed at the air inlet at the top of the air heat exchange pipe 43. Specifically, the air pump 44 transports the cold air from the outside into the air heat exchange pipe 43. The cold air inside the air heat exchange pipe 43 absorbs the heat from the outer wall of the focus pipe 41 through the air heat exchange pipe 43. The cold air is heated and becomes hot air. The hot air enters the mixing ring 45 and mixes with the clean coal gas. The outer walls of the first air guide pipe 421 and the second air guide pipe 431 are fixedly installed with a return air pipe assembly 6. The return air pipe assembly 6 includes a return air pipe body 61. The ends of the two return air pipe bodies 61 away from the first air guide pipe 421 and the second air guide pipe 431 are respectively connected to the coal gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43. Then, a second ball valve 62 is installed inside the return air pipe body 61, and a second spring 63 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second ball valve 62. Specifically, an abutment ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the return air pipe body 61, and the outer wall of the second ball valve 62 abuts against the inner wall of the abutment ring. A fixing ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the return air pipe body 61. One end of the second spring 63 away from the second ball valve 62 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing ring. The second spring 63 releases the elastic force to tightly abut the second ball valve 62 against the inner wall of the abutment ring to form a one-way valve. Two sets of temperature sensing components 7 are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls of the first air guide pipe 421 and the second air guide pipe 431. The temperature sensing component 7 includes a bimetallic spiral piece 71. Specifically, the bimetallic spiral piece 71 is made of a combination of Mn-Cu-Ni alloy and Invar alloy.The Mn-Cu-Ni alloy is located away from the center of the spiral and in the outer layer. The Mn-Cu-Ni alloy provides dominant expansion and drives the spiral movement. The Invar alloy is located near the center of the spiral and in the inner layer, providing rigidity control and limiting the expansion direction. The bimetallic spiral sheet 71 is 4 mm wide and 0.25 mm thick, with a total of 5 turns. When the bimetallic spiral sheet 71 senses a temperature increase from 70°C to 100°C, the spiral angle will continue to increase. A mounting ring 72 and a drive ring 73 are fixedly installed at both ends of the bimetallic spiral sheet 71. The two mounting rings 72 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the first air guide tube 421 and the second air guide tube 431, respectively. The end of the drive ring 73 away from the bimetallic spiral sheet 71 is welded with a mounting column 731 When the locking cam 752 is in the unlocking state, the locking cam 751 is locked and the locking cam 752 is locked, so that the master lock 71 can be locked in the unlocking state, and the master lock 712 can be locked with the master lock 713 when the master lock 713 is locked. The grooves are connected and the inside of the pipeline is closed. When the bimetallic spiral sheet 71 senses that the gas temperature rises from 70°C to 100°C, the spiral angle will continue to increase, and the drive ring 73 drives the sleeve 74 to rotate through the mounting column 731. The sleeve 74 drives the slide bar 75 to rotate synchronously with the rotating disk 751, so that the vent hole on the end face of the rotating disk 751 is connected with the vent groove on the end face of the fixed disk 76, so that the pipeline is connected, and the high-temperature gas can enter the mixing ring 45. The outer wall of the mixing ring 45 is respectively connected to the first burner 46 and the second burner 47. The first burner 46 and the second burner 47 are respectively fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell 11. The first burner 46 and the second burner 47 correspond to the positions of the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12 respectively. Specifically, the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 are connected to the mixing ring 45 through the third air guide pipe 461 and the fourth air guide pipe 471 respectively. The mixed gas of clean coal gas and hot air inside the mixing ring 45 is transported into the first burner 46 through the third air guide pipe 461 for ignition. The mixed gas of clean coal gas and hot air inside the mixing ring 45 can also be transported into the second burner 47 through the fourth air guide pipe 471 for ignition. Two mounting seats 112 are provided on the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell 11. The first burner 46 and the second burner 47 are fixedly connected to the two mounting seats 112 by bolts respectively. The flame nozzles of the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 both extend into the interior of the heat-insulating shell 11, that is, are located inside the combustion chamber.After receiving the mixture of clean coal gas and hot air from the mixing ring 45, the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 ignite the mixture using an electronic igniter. The first burner 46 and the second burner 47 respectively spray flames to heat the coal inside the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12. Simultaneously, the servo motor 33 is activated. The servo motor 33 drives the driving gear 32 to rotate, indirectly driving the gear ring 34 and the lower furnace body 12. The servo motor 33 controls the rotation of the carbonization chamber within the insulating housing 11, thereby evenly heating the coal inside the carbonization chamber and increasing coking efficiency.

[0024] See also Figures 10 and 11 The heat recovery component 4 also includes a first ball valve 48, which is installed inside the focus guide tube 41. A first spring 481 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first ball valve 48. Specifically, an abutment ring is welded and fixed to the middle of the inner wall of the focus guide tube 41. The outer wall of the first ball valve 48 abuts against the inner wall of the abutment ring. A fixing ring is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the focus guide tube 41 near the top. The end of the first spring 481 away from the first ball valve 48 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing ring. The first spring 481 releases the elastic force to tightly abut the first ball valve 48 against the inner wall of the abutment ring. , so that the interior of the carbonization chamber remains closed to prevent external gas from entering the carbonization chamber. During the coking process of the coal in the carbonization chamber, crude coal gas will be produced. The crude coal gas is a mixed gas directly produced during the dry distillation process, which contains a large amount of impurities and recyclable by-products, such as tar, ammonia water, crude benzene, etc. When the pressure of the crude coal gas in the carbonization chamber reaches a certain level, the crude coal gas pushes open the first ball valve 48 and compresses the first spring 481, so that the first ball valve 48 is disengaged from the abutment ring, so that the coke guide tube 41 is connected to the interior of the carbonization chamber, and the crude coal gas is discharged from the coke guide tube 41.

[0025] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 7 to 15, a high-efficiency coking furnace, which is different from Example 1 in that the purification component 5 includes a wet scrubber 51, and the top surface of the wet scrubber 51 is connected to the coke guide pipe 41 through an air supply pipe 53. Specifically, the top surface of the coke guide pipe 41 is fixedly installed with a first sealing cover 49 by bolts, and the top surface of the wet scrubber 51 is fixedly installed with a second sealing cover 52 by bolts. The second sealing cover 52 is connected to the first sealing cover 49 through an air supply pipe 53. The raw coal gas inside the coke guide pipe 41 is transported into the wet scrubber 51 through the air supply pipe 53. The wet scrubber 51 uses spray liquids such as water, ammonia water, and washing oil to forcibly cool and absorb tar mist, dust, and soluble gas in the raw coal gas, thereby purifying the raw coal gas into usable clean coal gas. The outer wall of the wet scrubber 51 is provided with an outlet pipe 511, and the end of the outlet pipe 511 is connected to the air inlet at the top of the gas heat exchange pipe 42 through a return pipe 55. Specifically, the end of the outlet pipe 511 is fixed by bolts. A third sealing cover 54 is installed, and the third sealing cover 54 is connected to the air inlet at the top of the gas heat exchange pipe 42 through a return pipe 55. The temperature of the purified clean gas is reduced, and the low-temperature clean gas enters the gas heat exchange pipe 42 through the return pipe 55 for heating. The low-temperature clean gas inside the gas heat exchange pipe 42 absorbs heat from the outer wall of the coke guide pipe 41 through the gas heat exchange pipe 42. The temperature of the low-temperature clean gas is increased after heating, and the high-temperature gas enters the mixing ring 45 and mixes with the high-temperature air. The mixed gas of the clean gas and the hot air inside the mixing ring 45 is respectively transported into the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 through the third gas guide pipe 461 and the fourth gas guide pipe 471. After receiving the mixed gas of the clean gas and the hot air inside the mixing ring 45, the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 ignite the mixed gas through an electronic igniter to heat the coal inside the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12.

[0026] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: during use of the device, coal is delivered into the enclosed carbonization chamber formed by the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12 after passing through the opening and closing door 111 and the sealing door 131. The heat-insulating shell 11 covers the outside of the furnace body assembly 1, and a combustion and heating chamber is formed between the inner wall of the heat-insulating shell 11 and the outer wall of the carbonization chamber. During the coking process, the high-temperature raw gas generated by coal pyrolysis is discharged upward through the coke guide pipe 41. A first ball valve 48 is provided inside the coke guide pipe 41. When the gas pressure reaches a threshold, the raw gas pushes the first ball valve 48 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 481 and disengage the abutment ring, so that the coke guide pipe 41 is connected to the gas pipe 53. The raw gas is released into the gas pipe 53 through the coke guide pipe 41. The raw gas also enters the wet scrubber 51 in the purification component 5 through the gas pipe 53 for purification. The wet scrubber 51 uses spray liquids such as water, ammonia water, and washing oil to forcefully cool and absorb tar mist, dust, and soluble gases in the raw gas, thereby purifying the raw gas into usable clean coal. The clean coal gas after purification has a lower temperature. The low-temperature clean coal gas enters the gas heat exchange pipe 42 in the heat recovery assembly 4 through the return pipe 55 for heating. The heat recovery assembly 4 includes a gas heat exchange pipe 42 and an air heat exchange pipe 43 wrapped around the outer wall of the coking pipe 41. All three are made of copper with high thermal conductivity. The coking pipe 41 transfers the heat of the flue gas in the carbonization chamber to the outer wall of the gas heat exchange pipe 42. The gas heat exchange pipe 42 and the air heat exchange pipe 43 both extend the heat absorption path through a labyrinth structure. The low-temperature clean coal gas inside the gas heat exchange pipe 42 absorbs the heat from the outer wall of the coking pipe 41 through the gas heat exchange pipe 42, and the low-temperature clean coal gas is heated. The air pump 44 is started to transport cold air from the outside into the air heat exchange tube 43. The cold air in the air heat exchange tube 43 absorbs heat from the outer wall of the focus guide tube 41 through the air heat exchange tube 43. The cold air is heated and becomes hot air. The hot air and the heated clean coal gas enter the mixing ring 45 to mix. However, as the temperature inside the closed carbonization chamber gradually rises, coal gas will also be generated. At this time, the temperature of the outer wall of the coke guide tube 41 may not be enough to heat the cold air and cold coal gas to the specified threshold. At this time, when the bimetallic spiral piece 71 of the temperature sensing component 7 detects that the temperature has not reached 70°C, the bimetallic spiral piece 71 does not drive the sleeve 74 to rotate. At this time, the air vents on the end face of the rotating disk 751 and the air vent grooves on the end face of the fixed disk 76 are staggered, and the interior of the first air guide tube 421 and the second air guide tube 431 are sealed. The high-pressure gas pushes the second ball valve 62 to disengage it from the abutment ring, compressing the second spring 63 so that the internal pipe of the return air pipe body 61 is The cold air and cold coal gas that have not reached the temperature threshold are respectively returned to the air heat exchange pipe 43 and the coal gas heat exchange pipe 42 through the return pipe body 61 for secondary heating. This cycle repeats until the specified temperature threshold is reached. When the bimetallic spiral blade 71 senses that the gas temperature has increased from 70°C to 100°C, the spiral angle will continue to increase. The drive ring 73 drives the sleeve 74 to rotate through the mounting column 731. The sleeve 74 drives the slide rod 75 to rotate synchronously with the rotating disk 751, so that the vent hole on the end face of the rotating disk 751 cooperates with the vent groove on the end face of the fixed disk 76 to connect, so that the pipelines are connected, and the high-temperature gas can enter the mixing ring 45 for mixing. The mixture of clean coal gas and hot air in the mixing ring 45 is transported into the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 through the third air duct 461 and the fourth air duct 471, respectively. After receiving the mixture of clean coal gas and hot air in the mixing ring 45, the first burner 46 and the second burner 47 ignite the mixture using an electronic igniter to heat the coal in the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 12, thereby forming a closed heat circulation system. Analysis shows that the heat generated by direct combustion of purified 34°C coal gas is significantly different from the heat generated by combustion of clean coal gas (estimated temperature 80°C) after heat exchange. There is a significant difference in the heat generated by direct combustion of room temperature air and combustion of heat exchanged air (estimated temperature 70°C), thereby achieving high-efficiency production of the coking reaction. Start the servo motor 33, which drives the driving gear 32 to rotate. The driving gear 32 engages with the gear ring 34 fixed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the lower furnace body 12, thereby driving the lower furnace body 12 to rotate inside the supporting ring 31. With the support of several balls and bearing rings 35 embedded in the supporting ring 31, the carbonization chamber rotates stably, thereby achieving uniform heating of the coal material inside the carbonization chamber by the first burner 46 and the second burner 47, improving the coking efficiency and coke quality, further improving the energy utilization rate, and achieving the high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection goals of the coking reaction; at this point, the work of this device is completed.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency coking furnace, comprising a furnace body assembly (1), characterized in that: The furnace body assembly (1) comprises a lower furnace body (12) and an upper furnace body (13), wherein the lower furnace body (12) and the upper furnace body (13) are fixedly connected by bolts, and the outer walls of the lower furnace body (12) and the upper furnace body (13) are jointly provided with a heat-insulating shell (11), and the bottom of the heat-insulating shell (11) is fixedly connected to a support base (2), and a rotating assembly (3) is installed at the center of the top surface of the support base (2), and the rotating assembly (3) is connected to the lower furnace body (12), and a heat recovery assembly (4) is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body (13), and the heat recovery assembly (4) is connected to a purification assembly (5) for filtering raw coal gas, and two groups of temperature sensing assemblies (7) are installed inside the heat recovery assembly (4).

2. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four walls of the support base (2) are welded and fixed with mounting arms (21), the bottom end of the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell (11) is equidistantly welded with supporting legs (113), and the plurality of supporting legs (113) are fixedly connected to the plurality of mounting arms (21) by bolts. The rotating assembly (3) includes a supporting ring (31), which is welded and fixed at the center of the top surface of the support base (2), and the supporting ring (31) is coaxially sleeved on the bottom end of the lower furnace body (12).

3. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extension arm (311) is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the support ring (31), and the end of the extension arm (311) is rotatably connected to a driving gear (32). The rotating shaft of the driving gear (32) is coaxially fixedly connected to a servo motor (33). A gear ring (34) is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end of the outer wall of the lower furnace body (12), and the gear ring (34) is engaged with the driving gear (32).

4. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat energy recovery assembly (4) includes a focus guide tube (41), which is fixedly mounted at the center of the top surface of the upper furnace body (13) by means of bolts. A gas heat exchange tube (42) and an air heat exchange tube (43) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the focus guide tube (41), and the outer walls of the gas heat exchange tube (42) and the air heat exchange tube (43) are in close contact with the outer wall of the focus guide tube (41).

5. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the gas heat exchange pipe (42) and the air heat exchange pipe (43) are respectively connected to a first air guide pipe (421) and a second air guide pipe (431); one end of the first air guide pipe (421) and the second air guide pipe (431) away from the gas heat exchange pipe (42) and the air heat exchange pipe (43) is commonly connected to a gas mixing ring (45); and an air pump (44) is fixedly installed at the air inlet at the top end of the air heat exchange pipe (43).

6. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: A return air pipe assembly (6) is fixedly mounted on the outer walls of both the first air guide pipe (421) and the second air guide pipe (431). The return air pipe assembly (6) comprises a return air pipe body (61). One end of the two return air pipe bodies (61) away from the first air guide pipe (421) and the second air guide pipe (431) is connected to the gas heat exchange pipe (42) and the air heat exchange pipe (43), respectively. A second ball valve (62) is mounted inside the return air pipe body (61), and a second spring (63) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second ball valve (62).

7. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sets of temperature sensing components (7) are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the first air duct (421) and the second air duct (431). The temperature sensing components (7) include a bimetallic spiral sheet (71). A mounting ring (72) and a driving ring (73) are respectively fixedly mounted on both ends of the bimetallic spiral sheet (71). The two mounting rings (72) are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the first air duct (421) and the second air duct (431).

8. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the driving ring (73) away from the bimetallic spiral sheet (71) is welded and fixed with a mounting column (731), the outer wall of the mounting column (731) is fixedly mounted with a sleeve (74), the inner wall of the sleeve (74) is slidably plugged with a slide rod (75), and the end of the slide rod (75) away from the sleeve (74) is welded and fixed with a rotating disk (751), the inner walls of the first air guide tube (421) and the second air guide tube (431) are both fixedly mounted with a fixed disk (76), and the end surface of the rotating disk (751) away from the slide rod (75) is in contact with the fixed disk (76).

9. A high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat recovery assembly (4) further includes a first ball valve (48), the first ball valve (48) being mounted inside the focus guide tube (41), a first spring (481) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first ball valve (48), a first burner (46) and a second burner (47) being connected to the outer wall of the mixing ring (45), the first burner (46) and the second burner (47) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell (11), and the first burner (46) and the second burner (47) corresponding to the positions of the upper furnace body (13) and the lower furnace body (12), respectively.

10. The high-efficiency coking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification assembly (5) comprises a wet scrubber (51), the top surface of the wet scrubber (51) being connected to the focus guide tube (41) via a gas transmission pipe (53), an outer wall of the wet scrubber (51) being provided with an air outlet pipe (511), the end of the air outlet pipe (511) being connected to the air inlet at the top end of the coal gas heat exchange pipe (42) via a return pipe (55).

Images