Knitted fabric and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a knitted fabric and application thereof. The knitted fabric is formed by staggering loops and floating threads or loops and tucking, and the proportion of the loops in one tissue cycle is 70%-95% by weight. The knitted fabric is good in air permeability and size stability and can be widely applied to production of clothes such as shirts and skirts in summer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textiles and relates to a knitted fabric with good air permeability and dimensional stability and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, knitted fabrics are popular among consumers due to their good elasticity and comfort. However, knitted fabrics are prone to falling apart and deformation due to the easy movement between the loops. To this end, many studies have been conducted.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN114875558A discloses a high-elastic, crisp knitted fabric imitating woven fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric is interwoven with elastic polyester and a two-component composite yarn, providing a knitted fabric that has a smooth and crisp appearance similar to a woven fabric and good elasticity and breathability of a knitted fabric. However, the fabric structure is a plain weave with added yarn, which has the problem of not being tight enough and having poor dimensional stability.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document CN108221152A discloses an anti-pilling fabric and its preparation process. The fabric is woven by combining high-shrinkage elastic yarn and ultra-fine yarn. After the surface weave is knitted, the locking yarn is knitted first, and finally the small pile loops of the pile layer are knitted. This provides a knitted fabric with a tight structure and good pilling resistance. However, due to its very tight structure, the fabric has the problem of poor air permeability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a knitted fabric with good air permeability and dimensional stability and its application.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] The knitted fabric of the present invention contains more than 80% by weight of elastic yarn. The fabric is formed by alternating loops and floats or loops and tucks, and the loop ratio in one weaving cycle is 70% to 95% by weight.

[0008] The knitted fabric of the present invention adopts a specific structure and a high content of elastic yarn, and the obtained fabric has excellent air permeability and good dimensional stability, and can be widely used in the production of summer shirts, skirts and other clothing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The knitted fabric of the present invention comprises at least 80% by weight of elastic yarn, where elastic yarn refers to yarn having an elastic elongation of at least 80% as measured according to JIS L 1013:2010A. A high content of elastic yarn can significantly reduce the gaps between loops, thereby improving the dimensional stability of the fabric. The knitted fabric is formed by alternating loops with floating yarns or loops with tucked stitches, resulting in pores of varying sizes and excellent breathability. However, if the loop ratio is less than 70% by weight within a knitting cycle, the gaps between loops are large, and the knitting arrangement is loose and not tight. While the fabric exhibits excellent breathability, it suffers from poor dimensional stability. If the loop ratio is greater than 95% by weight, the gaps between loops are small, and the knitting arrangement is tight. While the fabric exhibits good dimensional stability, it suffers from poor breathability. Therefore, when the knitted fabric is formed by alternating loops with floating yarns or loops with tucked stitches, and the loop ratio within a knitting cycle is between 70% and 95% by weight, a knitted fabric exhibits both good breathability and dimensional stability. Considering that pique and twill can better control the connection between coils, making the fabric more stable in size, and the fabric surface can present pores of different sizes after high-temperature treatment, and has better air permeability, pique and twill are preferred.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic yarn of the present invention is one or more of polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate fiber (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate / polytrimethylene terephthalate composite fiber (PTT / PET), polybutylene terephthalate / polybutylene terephthalate composite fiber (PBT / PET), and high-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate / low-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate composite fiber (high-viscosity PET / low-viscosity PET). These fibers have high crimpability and good shrinkage properties, and the resulting fabric has a compact texture and better dimensional stability.

[0011] Preferably, in the knitted fabric of the present invention, the ratio of its underfill coefficient to its grammage, K, is between 0.1 and 0.2. The underfill coefficient of a fabric, as used herein, represents the effect of yarn thickness on the density of a knitted fabric under conditions of uniform density. Gramage refers to the weight of the fabric per square meter. The ratio of the underfill coefficient of a fabric to its grammage is set to K, where the K value represents the tightness of the coils per unit grammage. When the ratio K is within the aforementioned range, appropriate spacing exists between coils, resulting in holes of varying sizes on the fabric, imparting good air permeability. There is also appropriate restraint between the coils, resulting in a tight arrangement and good dimensional stability. When the ratio K is greater than 0.2, the arrangement becomes looser and the spacing between coils increases, leading to improved air permeability and decreased dimensional stability. When the ratio K is less than 0.1, the arrangement becomes tighter, the restraint between coils becomes greater, and the spacing between coils becomes smaller, leading to improved dimensional stability and decreased air permeability.

[0012] As a preference, the knitted fabric of the present invention has a single coil area of ​​10 to 20 cm 2 This is to take into account that when the area of ​​a single coil is less than 10cm 2 The restraining force between the coils is too large, the arrangement of the fabric is too tight, and the dimensional stability of the fabric is better, but the air permeability is worse. In addition, the gap between the coils is too small, the yarn is easily squeezed, and the yarn may break, affecting the stability of the weaving. When the area of ​​a single coil is larger than 20cm 2 The restraining force between the coils is relatively small, the organization is relatively loose, the coils are easily deformed, and the fabric has a tendency to have better air permeability and worse dimensional stability.

[0013] The knitted fabric of the present invention preferably has a gram weight of 100 to 180 g / m 2 between.

[0014] Preferably, the air permeability of the knitted fabric of the present invention is 0 to 500 mm / s to ensure the air permeability of the fabric.

[0015] Preferably, the knitted fabric of the present invention has an initial waterproof performance of at least level 4-5 in the spray method 4N test according to the GB / T 4745-2012 standard. After three consecutive washes according to the GB / T 4745-2012 washing standard, the waterproof performance of the fabric is at least level 3.

[0016] The knitted fabric of the present invention is particularly suitable for making summer shirts, skirts and the like.

[0017] The knitted fabric of the present invention can be produced by the following method: on a 32G to 44G single-sided weft knitting large circular knitting machine, elastic yarns with a weight percentage of more than 80% are selected for knitting. Elastic yarn refers to non-polyurethane yarns with a crimp rate (CR value) of 30% to 70%. The elastic yarn has a high shrinkage performance under heat conditions. After high-temperature shaping, the coils can be arranged more closely through shrinkage, thereby filling the gaps between the coils, making the fabric structure dense and improving the dimensional stability. During knitting, an elastic yarn is fed into the knitting and looped. Part of this yarn is not looped during the knitting process. The loops and the collection loops or the loops and the floating threads are interwoven to produce the grey fabric. The grey fabric is then refined, dyed, opened, resin-processed, and the finished product is shaped to obtain a knitted product imitating woven fabrics. The proportion of loops in one tissue cycle is 70% to 95% by weight.

[0018] Among them, during the shaping of the grey fabric and the finished product, no force is applied to the weft direction of the fabric to prevent the curl of the elastic yarn itself from being reduced and affecting the dimensional stability of the fabric.

[0019] The processing conditions for pretreatment and dyeing are conventional conditions. Pretreatment and dyeing can be carried out in the same bath or separately.

[0020] During resin processing, waterproofing agent, hydrophilic agent, antistatic agent, softener, etc. can be added as needed. The processing method can be padding, preferably one dip and one padding, with a padding rate of 30-65%.

[0021] When using a waterproofing agent for resin processing, it is preferred to use a fluorine-free (CO) waterproofing agent, preferably at a dosage of 80 to 120 g / L. The fabric of the present invention has a dense structure, and after being processed with a waterproof resin, the surface of the fabric easily forms a film, thereby achieving excellent waterproof properties. Moreover, the fabric of the present invention, due to the presence of holes of varying sizes between the coils, can adhere to a large amount of waterproof resin, thereby improving the bonding strength between the fabric and the waterproof resin, making the waterproof resin easy to form a film and difficult to wash off. Even after multiple washings, the waterproof resin attached to the fiber surface is less likely to fall off, and the waterproof performance of the fabric is less degraded, giving the fabric excellent waterproof washing durability.

[0022] The present invention is further described below with reference to the following examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The various physical parameters involved in the present invention are tested according to the following methods.

[0023] (1) Underfill coefficient

[0024] Remove 100 coils from the fabric to be tested (keeping them tension-free during removal). Keep all 100 coils continuous and mark the beginning and end of the first and 100th coils. Measure the length of these 100 coils, which is L1. The length of a single coil, L, can be calculated using the formula L = L1 / 100. Repeat the same method for 19 more measurements, and take the average of these 20 sets of data as the result for the length of a single coil, L.

[0025] The underfill factor is calculated using the following formula:

[0026] Underfill coefficient δ = L / d

[0027] Where d is the diameter of the single wire, obtained according to the scanning electron microscopy method of standard GB / T36422-2018

[0028] (2) Weight

[0029] Tested according to GB / T 4669-2008.

[0030] (3) Area of ​​a single coil

[0031] Cut 10 pieces of 10cm*10cm fabric samples from the fabric to be tested. When sampling, place the fabric to be tested flat on the sampling board to ensure that the coils are not skewed or twisted.

[0032] Take one of the sample cloths, randomly select a loop on the sample cloth, mark it with a marker, mark its highest point and lowest point, measure the distance between the two points, calculate the position of the middle point and mark it.

[0033] Then prepare the sample for electron microscopy (SEM) (model Apreo 2C), and use a blade to slice the sample in the longitudinal direction along the midpoint of the coil. When slicing, make sure that the blade and the sample cloth are perpendicular. After the sample is prepared, take a cross-sectional photo. When taking pictures, make sure that the sample cloth and the electron microscope lens are on the same plane. Under the electron microscope (100x magnification), take a longitudinal cross-sectional photo containing at least one tissue loop. Select one of the tissue loops to take a picture, obtain Photo 1, and print it out. First, fix the printed Photo 1 with a transparent glass plate, then use an area meter to measure the area of ​​a single coil on Photo 1. Measure three times in the same way to obtain three sets of data. The average of the three sets of data is recorded as X1.

[0034] Then, select tissue at different locations and take photos in a loop to obtain Photos 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Follow the method for X1 to obtain X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, and X10. The final result is the average of the aforementioned 10 values.

[0035] (4) Ventilation volume

[0036] Tested according to GB / T 5453-1997.

[0037] (5) Waterproof

[0038] The test was carried out according to the spray method 4N in GB / T 4745-2012.

[0039] (6) Dimensional stability

[0040] Tested according to GB / T 8628-2013 standard.

[0041] (7) Comprehensive evaluation

[0042] A comprehensive evaluation is conducted on the air permeability of the fabric and the washing shrinkage in the warp and weft directions, as shown in the table below.

[0043]

[0044] The pharmaceutical agents used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:

[0045] Waterproofing agent A: Fluorine-free waterproofing agent (model TF-5015, manufactured by Chuanhua Group Co., Ltd.).

[0046] Example 1

[0047] On a 28G single-sided weft circular knitting machine, 100% by weight of 50D / 48f PBT / PET DTY (CR value 45%) was knitted using a variable pique weave. During knitting, one elastic yarn was fed into the knitting machine and looped, with loops and tucks alternating, with the looping ratio being 92%, to obtain a greige fabric. The greige fabric was then scoured (scouring agent 1 g / L, 90°C for 20 minutes) → dyed (disperse dye dyeing, 130°C for 30 minutes) → spread-opened → resin-treated (waterproofing agent TF-5015 100 g / L, one dip and one padding, padding rate 40%) → finished (170°C for 30 m / min) to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] During knitting, an elastic yarn is fed into the knitting and looped, and the loops and tucks are interlaced to form discontinuous loop knitting. The structure is a 4-mode beaded ground, wherein the loop ratio is 75%. The rest is the same as in Example 1, to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] The elastic yarn was changed to 50D / 48f PTT DTY (CR value 43%), and the rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] The proportion of elastic yarn in the fabric was changed to 90 weight %, and the proportion of non-elastic yarn was 10 weight %, and the non-elastic yarn was selected from 21-count pure cotton yarn. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] The elastic yarn was changed to 50D / 48f PBT DTY (CR value 40%), and the rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] The weave was changed to a twill weave. During weaving, an elastic yarn was fed and woven into loops, and the loops were interlaced with the floats. The loop ratio in one weave cycle was 92%. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Example 7

[0059] The elastic yarn was changed to 50D / 48f nylon 6 (NY6) DTY (CR value 55%), and the rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Example 8

[0061] The elastic yarn was changed to 30D / 24f PBT / PET DTY (CR value 45%), and the two yarns were fed simultaneously for knitting and looping. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Example 9

[0063] During knitting, the elastic yarn was fed in a 2:1 alternating manner instead of feeding a single elastic yarn. The weave was a variable pique weave. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Summer shirts, skirts and other clothing made from the knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 9.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] During knitting, the tuck stitch was replaced by loop stitch, the weave was plain, and the rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain a knitted fabric. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] The elastic yarn was replaced with non-elastic yarn 50D / 48f PET DTY (CR value 16%), and the rest was the same as in Example 1 to obtain a knitted fabric. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1

[0070]

[0071] According to Table 1,

[0072] (1) It can be seen from Examples 1 and 7 that, under the same conditions, the air permeability of the knitted fabric using PBT / PET DTY as the elastic yarn is better than that of the knitted fabric using nylon 6DTY as the elastic yarn.

[0073] (2) It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 8 that, under the same conditions, the dimensional stability of the knitted fabric with a ratio of the underfill coefficient to the gram weight K of 0.17 is far superior to that of the knitted fabric with a ratio of the underfill coefficient to the gram weight of 0.23.

[0074] (3) From Examples 1 and 9, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the area of ​​a single coil is 14 cm 2 knitted fabric with a single loop area of ​​23cm 2 Compared with knitted fabrics, the dimensional stability of the former is much better than the latter.

[0075] (4) It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that, under the same conditions, the knitted fabric with a loop ratio of 92% by weight is much better in air permeability, waterproof performance and dimensional stability than the knitted fabric with full loops.

[0076] (5) It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 that, under the same conditions, the knitted fabric using PBT / PET DTY as the elastic yarn has better dimensional stability and waterproof performance than the knitted fabric using PET as the non-elastic yarn.

Claims

1. A knitted fabric comprising 80% by weight or more of elastic yarn, characterized in that: The fabric is formed by alternating loops and floating threads or loops and tucks, and the proportion of loops in one weaving cycle is 70% to 95% by weight.

2. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic yarn is one or more of polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber, polybutylene terephthalate fiber, polyethylene terephthalate / polytrimethylene terephthalate composite fiber, polybutylene terephthalate / polybutylene terephthalate composite fiber, and high-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate / low-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate composite fiber.

3. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ratio K of the underfill coefficient to the gram weight of the fabric is 0.1 to 0.

2.

4. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​a single coil of the fabric is 10 to 20 cm 2 .

5. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fabric has a gram weight of 100 to 180 g / m 2 .

6. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The air flow rate of the fabric is 0-500 mm / s.

7. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to the test of the spray method 4N in the GB / T 4745-2012 standard, the initial waterproof performance of the fabric is above level 4-5. After washing three times continuously according to the GB / T4745-2012 washing standard, the waterproof performance of the fabric is above level 3.

8. Use of the knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in making clothes.

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