Horizontal directional drilling apparatus and method employing energy efficient pneumatic drive elements

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of directional drilling, and discloses a horizontal directional drilling device and method using an energy-saving air pressure driving element, the horizontal directional drilling device comprising: a horizontal drilling rig, the horizontal drilling rig being integrated with an air pressure driving module and a vibration control mechanism, an output end of the air pressure driving module being connected with a main drill stem rod and a sleeve joint type main drill connecting rod through a slide rail mechanism, and a composite drill bit being arranged at the end of the main drill connecting rod; the vibration control mechanism being composed of a wrapped damping cover, an axial displacement disc, a double-mode liquid capsule group and a wave pushing execution device; the vibration control mechanism is designed through pressure coupling of the double-mode liquid capsule group and the wave pushing execution device, and air source pressure fluctuation is innovatively converted into phase difference hydraulic fluctuation, and when the drill bit encounters a sudden change in stratum or hard rock resistance, axial impact vibration is triggered, impact energy is accurately transmitted to the drill bit through the main drill connecting rod, and the instantaneous rock breaking capacity is effectively enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of directional drilling, and more specifically, to a horizontal directional drilling apparatus and method employing energy-saving pneumatic drive elements. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in the field of trenchless underground engineering construction, horizontal directional drilling technology has become a key support for the construction of modern urban infrastructure and energy transmission networks due to its advantages of being minimally invasive, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Through a precision directional drilling system, this technology can achieve precise control of curved trajectories underground, and can efficiently complete the crossing and laying of pipelines such as oil and gas pipelines, municipal water / gas pipelines, power cables, and communication optical cables.

[0003] During drilling, when the drill bit encounters formation resistance, it is prone to significant vibration. This vibration not only affects drilling accuracy, causing the borehole trajectory to deviate from the planned path, but also imposes substantial mechanical stress on components such as the drill pipe, accelerating equipment wear and reducing drilling speed. To address this, we propose a horizontal directional drilling device and method employing energy-saving pneumatic drive components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a horizontal directional drilling device and method using energy-saving pneumatic drive elements, which solves the technical problem of reducing drilling speed when the drill bit encounters formation resistance during drilling in related technologies.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a horizontal directional drilling device using an energy-saving pneumatic drive element, comprising: a horizontal drilling rig, the horizontal drilling rig integrating a pneumatic drive module and a vibration control mechanism, the output end of the pneumatic drive module being connected to a main drill root rod and a sleeve-type main drill connector rod via a slide rail mechanism, and a composite drill bit being configured at the end of the main drill connector rod;

[0006] The vibration control mechanism consists of a wrap-around damping cover, an axial displacement disk, a dual-mode liquid bladder assembly, and a pusher actuator. The axial displacement disk is fixed to the top of the main drill rod and forms a sliding structure inside the wrap-around damping cover. The dual-mode liquid bladder assembly includes impact liquid bladders and pusher liquid bladders symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axial displacement disk.

[0007] The impact liquid bladder and push rod liquid bladder are connected to the wave pusher actuator through pipelines. The wave pusher actuator is pressure-coupled with the air source of the pneumatic drive module. When the drill bit encounters formation resistance, the air source pressure controls the reciprocating motion of the wave pusher actuator, causing the impact liquid bladder and push rod liquid bladder to generate hydraulic fluctuations with a phase difference, which drives the axial displacement disk to generate axial reciprocating displacement. This displacement is converted into axial impact vibration of the drill bit through the main drill connecting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, at the sleeve end of the main drill connector and the main drill root rod, the inner wall of the main drill connector is provided with a sliding groove, and the outer wall of the main drill root rod is fixedly provided with a slider, the slider and the sliding groove are matched with each other, and a sliding column is inserted and slidably connected at the center position of the main drill root rod, and the through end of the sliding column away from the main drill root rod is fixedly connected to the main drill connector.

[0009] Furthermore, a number of drag-reducing beads are embedded on the outer peripheral wall of the axial displacement disk, and the drag-reducing beads are rotatably connected to the axial displacement disk. The diameter of the axial displacement disk is smaller than the diameter of the enclosed damping cover.

[0010] Furthermore, the impact fluid bladder includes a main bladder wall and a secondary bladder wall. The inner peripheral wall of the main bladder wall is fixed and sealed to the side wall of the axial displacement disk, and the outer peripheral wall of the main bladder wall is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover. The inner peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall is arc-shaped and integral with the side wall of the main bladder wall. The secondary bladder wall is movably connected to the main drill root rod. The main bladder wall, the secondary bladder wall, and the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover together form a sealed structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the push rod liquid bladder includes a main bladder wall and a secondary bladder wall. The inner peripheral wall of the main bladder wall is fixed and sealed to the side wall of the axial displacement disk, and the outer peripheral wall of the main bladder wall is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the wrap-around damping cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover. The inner peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall is arc-shaped and integral with the side wall of the main bladder wall. The secondary bladder wall is movably connected to the main drill root rod. The main bladder wall, the secondary bladder wall, and the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover together form a sealed structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the wave-pushing actuator includes a support frame, which is fixedly connected to a wrap-around damping cover. A liquid control box is fixedly installed in the support frame. The liquid control box contains three independent space liquid storage chambers: a first liquid storage chamber, a second liquid storage chamber, and a pump chamber. A second liquid supply pipe is installed on the first liquid storage chamber, and the output end of the second liquid supply pipe is connected to and communicates with the impact liquid bladder. A first liquid supply pipe is installed on the second liquid storage chamber, and the output end of the first liquid supply pipe is connected to and communicates with the push rod liquid bladder.

[0015] Furthermore, the pump chamber is located between the first and second liquid storage chambers. A pressure control column is slidably inserted through the wall panel of both the first and second liquid storage chambers near the pump chamber. The two pressure control columns are staggered. A sealing gasket is fixedly installed at the end of the pressure control column away from the pump chamber. A guide groove and a vibration groove are opened on the end face of the pressure control column located in the pump chamber. A pneumatic pump is installed inside the pump chamber. A pusher head is rotatably installed on the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a horizontal directional drilling device, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Move the horizontal drilling rig to the predetermined construction position and install the composite drill bit through the end of the socket-type main drill rod.

[0018] S2. Start the pneumatic drive module to drive the main drill root rod and the main drill connecting rod to rotate synchronously, and drive the drill bit to perform horizontal directional drilling. During the drilling process, the axial displacement disk slides with low friction in the enclosed damping cover through the drag-reducing beads to maintain the axial stability of the drill bit.

[0019] S3. When the drill bit encounters a hard formation and the drilling is obstructed, the pneumatic pump in the pusher actuator is driven, and its telescopic arm carries the pusher head to perform reciprocating motion.

[0020] S4. The pneumatic pump telescopic arm pushes the first pressure control column for the first time, forcing the liquid in the storage chamber to be injected into the impact liquid bladder through the supply pipe. The main bladder wall and the secondary bladder wall expand and push the axial displacement disk to move axially towards the drill bit. The impact force is transmitted to the drill bit through the main drill connecting rod.

[0021] The telescopic arm continues to move and pushes the second pressure control column, forcing the liquid in the second storage chamber to be injected into the push rod liquid bladder through the first liquid supply pipe. The second main bladder wall and the second auxiliary bladder wall expand in opposite directions to push the axial displacement disk, which drives the drill bit to retract axially and release the stress on the drilling surface.

[0022] S5. Through the reciprocating motion of the pneumatic pump telescopic arm, two pressure control columns are alternately triggered to realize the hydraulic phase difference fluctuation between the impact liquid bladder and the push rod liquid bladder. When the push rod head passes through the vibration groove on the end face of the pressure control column, the tooth-like structure triggers the drill bit to vibrate slightly in the axial direction.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] The vibration control mechanism of this invention innovatively converts air source pressure fluctuations into phase difference hydraulic fluctuations through the pressure coupling design of the dual-mode liquid bladder assembly and the pusher actuator. This drives the axial displacement disk to generate high-frequency axial reciprocating displacement. This mechanism can trigger axial impact vibration when the drill bit encounters sudden changes in formation or hard rock resistance. The impact energy is accurately transferred to the drill bit through the main drill rod, effectively enhancing the instantaneous rock breaking capability and reducing the risk of stuck drill. In addition, the synergistic effect of the impact liquid bladder and the pusher liquid bladder not only achieves a dynamic balance between impact and propulsion force, but also optimizes the impact frequency and amplitude in real time by adjusting the air source pressure, significantly improving drill bit life and overall drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wrap-around damping cover of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main drill rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial displacement disk structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid control box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid control box structure from the right side;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure control column structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 11. Pneumatic drive module; 12. Horizontal drilling rig; 13. Main drill root rod; 14. Main drill connecting rod; 15. Slide groove; 16. Slider; 17. Sliding column; 2. Vibration control mechanism; 21. Support frame; 22. Wrap-up damping cover; 23. Axial displacement disc; 24. Impact liquid bladder; 241. Main bladder wall one; 242. Secondary bladder wall one; 25. Push rod liquid bladder; 251. Main bladder wall two; 252. Secondary bladder wall two; 26. Liquid supply pipe one; 27. Liquid supply pipe two; 28. Drag reduction bead; 31. Liquid control box; 32. Liquid storage chamber one; 33. Pneumatic pump; 34. Liquid storage chamber two; 35. Pressure control column; 36. Sealing gasket; 37. Push column head; 38. Guide groove; 39. Vibration groove; 301. Pump chamber; 41. Air control valve; 42. Air supply pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples. Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a horizontal directional drilling device using energy-saving pneumatic drive components includes: a horizontal drilling rig 12, which integrates a pneumatic drive module 11 and a vibration control mechanism 2. The output end of the pneumatic drive module 11 is connected to the main drill root rod 13 and the sleeve-type main drill connecting rod 14 through a slide rail mechanism. A composite drill bit is configured at the end of the main drill connecting rod 14.

[0036] The vibration control mechanism 2 consists of a wrap-around damping cover 22, an axial displacement disk 23, a dual-mode liquid bladder assembly, and a pusher actuator. The axial displacement disk 23 is fixed to the top of the main drill rod 14 and forms a sliding structure inside the wrap-around damping cover 22. The dual-mode liquid bladder assembly includes impact liquid bladders 24 and pusher liquid bladders 25 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axial displacement disk 23.

[0037] The impact liquid bladder 24 and the push rod liquid bladder 25 are connected to the wave pusher actuator through pipelines. The wave pusher actuator forms a pressure coupling with the air source of the pneumatic drive module 11. When the drill bit encounters formation resistance, the air source pressure controls the reciprocating motion of the wave pusher actuator, causing the impact liquid bladder 24 and the push rod liquid bladder 25 to generate hydraulic fluctuations with a phase difference, which drives the axial displacement disk 23 to generate axial reciprocating displacement. This displacement is converted into the axial impact vibration of the drill bit through the main drill connecting rod 14.

[0038] The main drill connector 14 and the main drill root rod 13 are connected by a sleeve. The inner wall of the main drill connector 14 is provided with a sliding groove 15. The outer wall of the main drill root rod 13 is fixedly provided with a slider 16. The slider 16 and the sliding groove 15 are matched with each other. A sliding column 17 is inserted and slidably connected at the center position of the main drill root rod 13. The through end of the sliding column 17 away from the main drill root rod 13 is fixedly connected to the main drill connector 14.

[0039] A number of drag-reducing beads 28 are embedded on the outer peripheral wall of the axial displacement disk 23. The drag-reducing beads 28 are rotatably connected to the axial displacement disk 23. The diameter of the axial displacement disk 23 is smaller than the diameter of the enclosed damping cover 22.

[0040] The impact fluid bladder 24 includes a main bladder wall 241 and a secondary bladder wall 242. The inner peripheral wall of the main bladder wall 241 is fixed and sealed to the side wall of the axial displacement disk 23, and the outer peripheral wall of the main bladder wall 241 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover 22.

[0041] The outer peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall 242 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover 22. The inner peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall 242 is arc-shaped and integral with the side wall of the main bladder wall 241. The secondary bladder wall 242 is movably connected to the main drill root rod 13. The main bladder wall 241, the secondary bladder wall 242 and the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover 22 together form a sealed structure.

[0042] The push rod liquid bladder 25 includes a main bladder wall 251 and a secondary bladder wall 252. The inner peripheral wall of the main bladder wall 251 is fixed and sealed to the side wall of the axial displacement disk 23, and the outer peripheral wall of the main bladder wall 251 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the wrap-around damping cover 22.

[0043] The outer peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall 252 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover 22. The inner peripheral wall of the secondary bladder wall 252 is arc-shaped and integral with the side wall of the main bladder wall 251. The secondary bladder wall 252 is movably connected to the main drill root rod 13. The main bladder wall 251, the secondary bladder wall 252 and the inner wall of the enclosed damping cover 22 together form a sealed structure.

[0044] The wave-pushing actuator includes a support frame 21, which is fixedly connected to a wrap-around damping cover 22. A liquid control box 31 is fixedly installed in the support frame 21. The liquid control box 31 has three independent space liquid storage chambers 32, 34, and a pump chamber 301. A liquid supply pipe 27 is installed on the space liquid storage chamber 32, and the output end of the liquid supply pipe 27 is connected to the impact liquid bladder 24 and they are interconnected. A liquid supply pipe 26 is installed on the liquid storage chamber 34, and the output end of the liquid supply pipe 26 is connected to the push rod liquid bladder 25 and they are interconnected.

[0045] The pump chamber 301 is located between the first liquid storage chamber 32 and the second liquid storage chamber 34. A pressure control column 35 is slidably inserted through the wall panel of both the first liquid storage chamber 32 and the second liquid storage chamber 34 near the pump chamber 301. The two pressure control columns 35 are staggered. A sealing gasket 36 is fixedly installed at the end of the pressure control column 35 away from the pump chamber 301. A guide groove 38 and a vibration groove 39 are opened on the end face of the pressure control column 35 located in the pump chamber 301. A pneumatic pump 33 is installed inside the pump chamber 301. A pusher head 37 is rotatably installed on the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump 33.

[0046] The air supply end of the pneumatic pump 33 is connected to an air supply pipe 42. The end of the air supply pipe 42 away from the liquid control box 31 is connected to an air control valve 41, and the air control valve 41 is connected to the air supply end of the pneumatic drive module 11.

[0047] First, after moving the horizontal drilling rig 12 to the designated location, connect the drill bit to the main drill connecting rod 14. Then, the operation of the pneumatic drive module 11 drives the main drill root rod 13 and the main drill connecting rod 14 to rotate. The main drill connecting rod 14 drives the drill bit to rotate, and drilling begins.

[0048] When the drill bit encounters complex conditions underground, and its speed slows down or it stops during drilling, air is supplied to the air supply pipe 42 through the air control valve 41. High-pressure gas is supplied to the pneumatic pump 33 through the air supply pipe 42, thereby controlling the extension of the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump 33. The two extended pusher heads 37, along with the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump 33, first push against the first pressure control column 35, causing the first pressure control column 35 to extend into the first liquid storage chamber 32. At this time, the liquid in the first liquid storage chamber 32 will flow into the impact liquid bladder 24 through the second liquid supply pipe 27. As the liquid in the impact liquid bladder 24 increases, the impact liquid bladder 24 gradually expands. The expansion of the impact liquid bladder 24 pushes the axial displacement disk 23 to move in the direction of the drill bit's travel, thereby increasing the force between the drill bit and the soil.

[0049] As the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump 33 continues to move forward, the first pusher head 37 exceeds the end face of the pressure control column 35, and the second pusher head 37 pushes the second pressure control column 35. The pressure control column 35 is pushed into the liquid storage chamber 2 34. The liquid in the liquid storage chamber 2 34 flows into the pusher rod liquid bladder 25 through the liquid supply pipe 1 26. As the liquid in the pusher rod liquid bladder 25 increases, the pusher rod liquid bladder 25 gradually expands, pushing the axial displacement disk 23 in the opposite direction. The axial displacement disk 23 drives the main drill connecting rod 14 and the drill bit to retract a certain distance, so that the drill bit is away from the drilling face.

[0050] As the telescopic arm of the control pneumatic pump 33 reciprocates, the two pressure control columns 35 can be squeezed alternately, thereby alternately controlling the impact liquid bladder 24 and the push rod liquid bladder 25, causing the drill bit to reciprocate to impact the drilling face.

[0051] When the pusher head 37 is pushed onto the guide groove 38 and the vibration groove 39, the vibration groove 39 is toothed, which can control the distance vibration of the drill bit. When the two pusher heads 37 retract with the telescopic column of the pneumatic pump 33, the two pusher heads 37 will rotate and merge. Both are connected to the telescopic column through torsion springs. Example 2

[0052] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a horizontal directional drilling device, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Move the horizontal drilling rig 12 to the predetermined construction position and install the composite drill bit through the end of the sleeve-type main drill rod 14.

[0054] S2. Start the pneumatic drive module 11 to drive the main drill root rod 13 and the main drill connecting rod 14 to rotate synchronously, and drive the drill bit to perform horizontal directional drilling. During the drilling process, the axial displacement disk 23 slides with low friction in the enclosed damping cover 22 through the drag reduction ball 28 to maintain the axial stability of the drill bit.

[0055] S3. When the drill bit encounters a hard formation and the drilling is obstructed, the pneumatic pump 33 in the pusher actuator is driven, and its telescopic arm carries the pusher head 37 to perform reciprocating motion.

[0056] S4. The pneumatic pump 33 telescopic arm pushes the first pressure control column 35 for the first time, forcing the liquid in the storage chamber 32 to be injected into the impact liquid bladder 24 through the supply pipe 27. The main bladder wall 241 and the secondary bladder wall 242 expand and push the axial displacement disk 23 to move axially towards the drill bit. The impact force is transmitted to the drill bit through the main drill connecting rod 14.

[0057] The telescopic arm continues to move and pushes the second pressure control column 35, forcing the liquid in the storage chamber 2 34 to be injected into the push rod liquid bladder 25 through the liquid supply pipe 1 26. The main bladder wall 251 and the secondary bladder wall 252 expand and push the axial displacement disk 23 in opposite directions, causing the drill bit to retract axially and release the stress on the drilling surface.

[0058] S5. Through the reciprocating motion of the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump 33, the two pressure control columns 35 are alternately triggered to realize the hydraulic phase difference fluctuation between the impact liquid bladder 24 and the push rod liquid bladder 25. When the push rod head 37 passes through the vibration groove 39 on the end face of the pressure control column 35, the tooth-like structure triggers the drill bit to vibrate slightly in the axial direction.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of the present embodiments, all of which are within the protection scope of the present embodiments.

Claims

1. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient pneumatic drive element, characterized in that, The application relates to a horizontal drilling rig (12) integrated with a pneumatic driving module (11) and a vibration control mechanism (2), wherein the output end of the pneumatic driving module (11) is connected with a main drill stem (13) and a sleeve joint type main drill connecting rod (14) through a slide rail mechanism, and the end of the main drill connecting rod (14) is provided with a composite drill bit. The vibration control mechanism (2) is composed of a wrapped damping cover (22), an axial displacement disc (23), a double-mode liquid bag group and a wave pushing execution device, the axial displacement disc (23) is fixedly connected to the top end of the main drill connecting rod (14) and forms a sliding structure in the wrapped damping cover (22), and the double-mode liquid bag group comprises an impact liquid bag (24) and a push rod liquid bag (25) which are symmetrically arranged on the two axial sides of the axial displacement disc (23). The wave pushing execution device comprises a support frame (21) which is fixedly connected with the wrapped damping cover (22), a liquid control box (31) is fixedly arranged in the support frame (21), three independent space liquid storage chambers (32), (34) and a pump chamber (301) are arranged in the liquid control box (31), a liquid supply pipe two (27) is arranged on the space liquid storage chamber (32), the output end of the liquid supply pipe two (27) is connected with the impact liquid bag (24) and is in communication, a liquid supply pipe one (26) is arranged on the space liquid storage chamber (34), the output end of the liquid supply pipe one (26) is connected with the push rod liquid bag (25) and is in communication. The pump chamber (301) is located between the space liquid storage chambers (32) and (34), a pressure control column (35) is slidably arranged on the wall plate close to the pump chamber (301) of the two space liquid storage chambers (32) and (34), the two pressure control columns (35) are distributed in a staggered mode, a sealing rubber pad (36) is fixedly arranged at the end of the pressure control column (35) away from the pump chamber (301), a guide groove (38) and a vibration groove (39) are formed in the end face of the pressure control column (35) located in the pump chamber (301), and a pneumatic pump (33) is arranged in the pump chamber (301). The impact liquid bag (24) and the push rod liquid bag (25) are communicated with the wave pushing execution device through pipelines, the wave pushing execution device is pressure-coupled with the air source of the pneumatic driving module (11), when the drill bit encounters a stratum impedance, the air source pressure controls the reciprocating movement of the wave pushing execution device, the impact liquid bag (24) and the push rod liquid bag (25) generate phase-difference hydraulic pressure fluctuations, the axial displacement disc (23) generates axial reciprocating displacement, and the displacement is converted into axial impact vibration of the drill bit through the main drill connecting rod (14). ​ 2. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient pneumatic drive element as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sleeve joint end of the main drill connecting rod (14) and the main drill root rod (13), the inner wall of the main drill connecting rod (14) is provided with a sliding groove (15), the outer wall of the main drill root rod (13) is fixedly provided with a sliding block (16), the sliding block (16) and the sliding groove (15) are matched with each other, the center position of the main drill root rod (13) is provided with a sliding column (17) penetrating and slidingly connected, and the penetrating end of the sliding column (17) away from the main drill root rod (13) is fixedly connected with the main drill connecting rod (14).

3. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient air pressure driven element as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the axial displacement disc (23) is embedded with a plurality of drag reduction beads (28), the plurality of drag reduction beads (28) are rotationally connected with the axial displacement disc (23), and the diameter size of the axial displacement disc (23) is smaller than that of the wrapped damping cover (22).

4. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient air pressure driven element as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The impact liquid bag (24) comprises a main bag wall one (241) and a secondary bag wall one (242), the inner peripheral wall of the main bag wall one (241) is fixedly and sealingly connected with the side wall of the axial displacement disc (23), and the outer peripheral wall of the main bag wall one (241) is fixedly and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the wrapped damping cover (22).

5. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient pneumatic drive element as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the secondary bag wall one (242) is fixedly and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the wrapped damping cover (22), the inner peripheral wall of the secondary bag wall one (242) is arc-shaped and integrally formed with the side wall of the main bag wall one (241), the secondary bag wall one (242) is movably connected with the main drill root rod (13), and the inner walls of the main bag wall one (241), the secondary bag wall one (242) and the wrapped damping cover (22) form a sealing structure.

6. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient air pressure driven element as defined in claim 1, wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the secondary bag wall two (252) is fixedly and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the wrapped damping cover (22), the inner peripheral wall of the secondary bag wall two (252) is arc-shaped and integrally formed with the side wall of the main bag wall two (251), the secondary bag wall two (252) is movably connected with the main drill root rod (13), and the inner walls of the main bag wall two (251), the secondary bag wall two (252) and the wrapped damping cover (22) form a sealing structure.

7. A horizontal directional drilling apparatus employing an energy efficient air pressure driven element as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the secondary bag wall two (252) is fixedly and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the wrapped damping cover (22), the inner peripheral wall of the secondary bag wall two (252) is arc-shaped and integrally formed with the side wall of the main bag wall two (251), the secondary bag wall two (252) is movably connected with the main drill root rod (13), and the inner walls of the main bag wall two (251), the secondary bag wall two (252) and the wrapped damping cover (22) form a sealing structure.

8. A method of using the horizontal directional drilling apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the horizontal drill rig (12) is moved to a predetermined construction position, and a composite drill bit is installed at the end of the sleeve joint main drill connecting rod (14); S2, the air pressure driving module (11) is started, the main drill root rod (13) and the main drill connecting rod (14) are synchronously rotated, the drill bit is driven to perform horizontal directional drilling, in the drilling process, the axial displacement disc (23) is low-frictionally slid in the wrapped damping cover (22) through the drag reduction beads (28), and the axial stability of the drill bit is maintained; S3, when the drill bit encounters a hard stratum and is blocked, the pneumatic pump (33) in the driving push wave executor is driven, the telescopic arm carries out reciprocating motion by carrying the push column head (37). S4, the first time the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump (33) push the first pressure control column (35), forcing the liquid in the liquid storage chamber (32) through the liquid supply pipe (27) into the impact liquid bag (24), the main bag wall (241) and the auxiliary bag wall (242) inflation push axial displacement disc (23) to the drill bit direction axial displacement, through the main drill rod (14) to the impact force transmission to the drill bit; Telescopic arm continues to move and push the second pressure control column (35), forcing the liquid in the liquid storage chamber (32) through the liquid supply pipe (27) into the impact liquid bag (24), the main bag wall (241) and the auxiliary bag wall (242) inflation push axial displacement disc (23), drive the drill bit axial retraction, release the drilling face stress; S5, through the reciprocating movement of the telescopic arm of the pneumatic pump (33), trigger two pressure control column (35) alternately, realize the hydraulic phase difference fluctuation of impact liquid bag (24) and push rod liquid bag (25), when the push column head (37) through the pressure control column (35) end face vibration groove (39), the tooth-shaped structure trigger drill bit axial micro amplitude jitter.

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