Pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting slurry balance pressure and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting slurry balance pressure and a construction method, the pipe jacking machine comprises a cutter head, a shield body, a slurry balance mechanism and a power device, the cutter head is arranged at the front end of the shield body, the power device comprises a power shaft and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the shield body, the power shaft is arranged in the shield body, and the slurry balance mechanism is arranged in the shield body. The front end of the power shaft is connected with the cutter head, the rear end of the power shaft is connected with the driving mechanism, the slurry balance mechanism is arranged on the power shaft and located in the shield body, and the front end of the shield body is closed to form a slurry bin. The slurry balance mechanism is arranged in the shield body to actively control the pressure in the cabin, balance of the pressure in the cabin and the pressure in the ground is guaranteed, timely adjustment of the pressure in the cabin is achieved, the shield is suitable for the working conditions of soil sudden change and high-risk shallow soil covering, and operation safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipe jacking machines, and in particular to a pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting mud-water balance pressure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Trenchless pipe jacking technology has been widely used in urban municipal administration, rail transit, pipeline corridors, and underground space development and construction. It offers significant advantages in avoiding ground structures, reducing surface disturbance, and shortening construction periods. Slurry jacking is a commonly used face stabilization technique. Traditional slurry jacking equipment primarily relies on a closed slurry tank, maintaining a positive pressure balance by adjusting the slurry inlet and outlet systems. During construction, after the cutterhead cuts the ground, the slurry seeps into the face and mixes with the soil, forming a pumpable fluid that is discharged by the slurry discharge system, while the displacement is adjusted to control the tank pressure.

[0003] However, the existing slurry balance pipe jacking method has many defects in practical application. First, the power system adopts an internal mode, and the torque is limited: the cutterhead drive device is usually installed in the center of the machine head. Due to the dual constraints of space and heat dissipation, it is impossible to configure a high-power motor and a heavy-duty reducer, resulting in insufficient overall cutting capacity and difficulty in crossing complex obstacles such as boulders and concrete; second, the slurry discharge control is delayed and the response speed is low: the cabin pressure adjustment is heavily dependent on the mud circulation flow, and the adjustment hysteresis is large, which is not suitable for sudden changes in soil quality and high-risk shallow overburden conditions; third, the equipment is not recyclable: after the construction is completed or the machine is shut down due to an obstacle, a receiving well needs to be set up to dismantle the equipment, which increases construction costs and is greatly restricted by site layout; fourth, the direction adjustment capability is weak: most equipment relies on sliding or flexible segment buckling for direction adjustment, lacks active hydraulic correction devices, and cannot meet non-linear construction tasks with high precision requirements; fifth, the integrity is strong and cannot be effectively disassembled and replaced: when the front end of the equipment is damaged or the cutting tool needs to be replaced, segmented withdrawal cannot be achieved, which increases the maintenance cycle and operation risk.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a trenchless pipe jacking equipment system that can combine slurry balance technology to adapt to the comprehensive construction needs of current high-risk working conditions such as urban pipeline construction, tunnel advance support, and underground space crossing. The present invention provides a pipe jacking machine and construction method that actively adjusts the slurry balance pressure to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a pipe jacking machine and a construction method that actively adjusts the mud-water balance pressure, which solves the technical problems of insufficient power and the inability to actively control the mud-water balance adjustment, and adopts a modular structure to realize the recycling of discarded shells, effectively improving the construction efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: A pipe jacking machine that actively adjusts mud and water balance pressure includes a cutter disc, a shield body, a mud and water balance mechanism and a power device. The cutter disc is arranged at the front end of the shield body. The power device includes a power shaft and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the shield body. The power shaft is arranged in the shield body. The front end of the power shaft is connected to the cutter disc, and the rear end is connected to the drive mechanism. The mud and water balance mechanism is arranged on the power shaft. The mud and water balance mechanism is located in the shield body, and the front end of the shield body is sealed to form a mud bin.

[0007] Furthermore, the mud-water balance mechanism includes a closing plate and a pressure regulating assembly. The closing plate is arranged on the power shaft, and the outer periphery of the closing plate contacts the inner wall of the shield body. The pressure regulating assembly is arranged on the rear side of the closing plate for regulating the mud-water pressure in the mud bin.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure regulating assembly includes a slurry discharge pipe, a sealing valve, a sealing plate and a sealing power mechanism. The slurry discharge pipe is arranged on the closing plate and passes through the front and rear sides of the closing plate. The sealing valve is arranged on the rear side of the closing plate. The rear end of the slurry discharge pipe is located in the sealing valve. The sealing plate is located in the sealing valve and is connected to the sealing power mechanism. The sealing plate is used to close the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe. When the pressure is reduced, the sealing plate increases the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe under the drive of the sealing power mechanism. When the pressure is increased, the sealing plate reduces the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe under the drive of the sealing power mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the power shaft includes a transmission shaft and a radial support, the transmission shaft is coaxially arranged with the shield body, the radial support is spaced apart on the transmission shaft, and the outer side of the radial support contacts the inner wall of the shield body.

[0010] Furthermore, the radial support includes a bearing mechanism, a support frame, an adjustment support plate and a telescopic power mechanism, the bearing mechanism is arranged at the center of the support frame, the transmission shaft is arranged in the bearing mechanism, the adjustment support plate and the telescopic power mechanism are arranged in the support frame, the adjustment support plate is arranged at the outer end of the telescopic power mechanism, and the adjustment support plate adjusts the extension length through the telescopic power mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the shield body includes a steering pipe section, a standard pipe section and a steering oil cylinder. The steering pipe section is arranged on the front side of the standard pipe section and is connected to the standard pipe section through the steering oil cylinder. The cutter head is arranged on the steering pipe section.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutter disc includes a cutting disc, a fixed tool and a reaming tool, the fixed tool and the reaming tool are arranged on the disc surface of the cutting disc, the reaming tool includes a reaming head, a mounting seat and a telescopic mechanism, a reaming groove is provided on the disc surface of the cutting disc, the mounting seat is arranged in the reaming groove, the telescopic mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the cutting disc and is connected to the mounting seat, and the reaming head is arranged on the mounting seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the cutting disc is the same as the inner diameter of the directional adjustment pipe joint, and the diameter of the directional adjustment pipe joint is the same as the diameter of the standard pipe joint.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a track frame, a pushing plate, a pushing cylinder, a pushing frame, a reducer and a rotary drive motor, the shield body is arranged on the track frame, the pushing cylinder is arranged on the pushing frame, the output end of the pushing cylinder is connected to the pushing plate, the pushing plate is connected to the shield body, and the rotary drive motor is arranged on the pushing frame and connected to the power shaft through the reducer.

[0015] A method for using a pipe jacking machine that actively adjusts mud-water balance pressure comprises the following steps: S1, Equipment Assembly: The cutterhead, shield, slurry balance mechanism and power unit modules are lowered into the well and assembled into a whole in sequence; S2, jacking: control the action of the pressure regulating component to open the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe to the maximum, and then start the driving mechanism to jack; During the construction process, the excavation direction is constantly monitored and the jacking direction is corrected by controlling the pipe joint. At the same time, when reaming is required, the reaming tool is extended to carry out reaming. S3, soil pressure adjustment: When the mud and water pressure in front of the mud and water balance mechanism is unbalanced during excavation, the pressure adjustment component is controlled to adjust the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe to balance the mud and water pressure in front of the mud and water balance mechanism; S4, equipment recovery: After the jacking construction is completed, the drive mechanism is recovered and hoisted out first, and then the power shaft is pulled out from the shield together with the slurry balance mechanism, and the cutter head is withdrawn together, and then disassembled and hoisted out.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The power unit is placed at the rear of the device to achieve external power, and the power is transmitted through the power shaft. Since the external power is not restricted by space, and the transmission path of the power shaft can also carry greater power and torque, the overall operating power of the cutterhead is increased by more than 2 times, making the cutterhead suitable for various complex formations; A mud-water balance mechanism is installed in the shield to actively control the pressure inside the chamber, ensuring the balance between the pressure inside the chamber and the pressure inside the ground. This allows for timely adjustment of the pressure inside the chamber, making it suitable for sudden changes in soil quality and high-risk shallow overburden conditions, ensuring operational safety. The shield's directional pipe section and standard pipe section adopt a split structure. Combined with the retractable reaming tool, the machine head can be retracted and recovered without setting up a receiving well, effectively improving construction efficiency and reducing costs. A combination of directional adjustment pipe segments and standard pipe segments is used to achieve flexible and high-precision adjustment of the shield, thereby enabling real-time correction of the jacking posture during excavation, avoiding the risks caused by accumulated deviations during the excavation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the internal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic side view of the cutter head of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic front view of the mud-water balancing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mud-water balancing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the mud-water balancing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the adjustable pipe joint and the standard pipe joint of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the radial support structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic front view of the radial support of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the radial support of the present invention.

[0018] Figure markings: 1. Cutter disc; 11. Cutting disc; 12. Fixed tool; 13. Reaming tool; 131. Reaming cutter head; 132. Mounting seat; 133. Telescopic mechanism; 2. Shield body; 21. Adjustable pipe joint; 22. Standard pipe joint; 23. Adjustable cylinder; 3. Mud-water balance mechanism; 31. Closing plate; 32. Pressure regulating assembly; 321. Slurry discharge pipe; 322. Sealing valve; 323. Sealing plate; 324. Sealing power mechanism; 4. Power unit; 41. Power shaft; 411. Transmission shaft; 412. Radial support; 4121. Bearing mechanism; 4122. Support frame; 4123. Adjustable support plate; 4124. Telescopic power mechanism; 42. Driving mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, a pipe jacking machine that actively adjusts the mud and water balance pressure includes a cutter head 1, a shield body 2, a mud and water balance mechanism 3 and a power device 4. The cutter head 1 is arranged at the front end of the shield body 2, and the power device 4 includes a power shaft 41 and a drive mechanism 42. The drive mechanism 42 is arranged on the rear side of the shield body 2. The power shaft 41 is arranged in the shield body 2, and the front end of the power shaft 41 is connected to the cutter head 1, and the rear end is connected to the drive mechanism 42. The mud and water balance mechanism 3 is arranged on the power shaft 41. The mud and water balance mechanism 3 is located in the shield body 2, and the front end of the shield body 2 is closed to form a mud bin. The present invention arranges the power device 4 at the rear of the shield body 2, and transmits power through the power shaft 41. The external driving mechanism 42 has large power and torque, so it can effectively improve the power and torque during operation, making it more adaptable to complex formations; the mud-water balance mechanism 3 can be actively controlled to achieve active adjustment of the pressure in the mud bin to ensure safety during operation; the shield body 2 is set to be a combination of the steering pipe segment 21 and the standard pipe segment 22, and the jacking posture is corrected during the excavation process by adjusting the steering pipe segment 21 to ensure operation accuracy; and the steering pipe segment 21 and the standard pipe segment 22 both adopt a split structure, the outer shell can be left in the soil as a jacking pipe, and the inner pipe, cutter head 1 and power shaft 41 can be withdrawn and recovered from the outer pipe, so that recovery can be achieved without setting a receiving well, effectively reducing costs, and also improving construction efficiency.

[0022] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, further, the mud-water balance mechanism 3 is arranged in the standard pipe section 22, including a closing plate 31 and a pressure regulating assembly 32. The closing plate 31 is arranged on the power shaft 41, and is used to close the standard pipe section 22, so that the front side of the standard pipe section 22 serves as a mud bin. The outer periphery of the closing plate 31 contacts and seals the inner wall of the shield body 2, and the pressure regulating assembly 32 is arranged on the rear side of the closing plate 31. The pressure regulating assembly 32 is used to adjust the mud-water pressure in the mud bin by actively controlling the slurry outlet.

[0023] like Figure 5 、 6As shown in Figures 7 and 8, four pressure regulating assemblies 32 are provided and centrally and symmetrically arranged on the rear side of the closing plate 31. The opening and closing control is also centrally and symmetrically arranged, and the pressure regulating assemblies 32 are synchronously adjusted. The centrally and symmetrical arrangement and synchronous adjustment prevent safety hazards on the shield body caused by different pressures at pressure regulating assemblies 32 at different locations during mud and water pressure balancing, thereby ensuring construction safety.

[0024] like Figure 5 、 6 As shown in Figure 7, further, the pressure regulating assembly 32 includes a slurry discharge pipe 321, a sealing valve 322, a sealing plate 323 and a sealing power mechanism 324. The slurry discharge pipe 321 is arranged on the closing plate 31 and is perpendicular to the closing plate 31. The front and rear of the slurry discharge pipe 321 pass through the front and rear sides of the closing plate 31. The sealing valve 322 is arranged on the rear side of the closing plate 31. The rear end of the slurry discharge pipe 321 is located in the sealing valve 322. The sealing plate 323 is located in the sealing valve 322 and is connected to the sealing power mechanism 324. The sealing plate 323 is used to close the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321. When the pressure is reduced, the sealing plate 323 increases the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321 under the drive of the sealing power mechanism 324. When the pressure is increased, the sealing plate 323 reduces the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321 under the drive of the sealing power mechanism 324.

[0025] like Figure 5 、 6 As shown in FIG. 7 , further, a bearing mechanism 4121 is provided at the center of the closing plate 31 , and the transmission shaft 411 is connected to the closing plate 31 through the bearing mechanism 4121 , and the bearing mechanism 4121 is used to realize transmission and sealing functions.

[0026] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, further, the power shaft 41 includes a transmission shaft 411 and a radial support 412. The transmission shaft 411 is coaxially arranged with the shield body 2, and the radial supports 412 are spaced apart on the transmission shaft 411. The radial supports 412 are used for positioning and adjusting the transmission shaft 411 to ensure that the transmission shaft 411 is always in the center and maintains a stable state. The outer side of the radial support 412 is in contact with the inner wall of the shield body 2. The driving mechanism 42 is connected to the transmission shaft 411 and outputs power to the transmission shaft 411. When the transmission shaft 411 rotates, it drives the cutter head 1 to rotate. The cutter head 1 rotates to cut the formation and cooperates with the jacking of the shield body 2 to achieve overall excavation.

[0027] like Figure 8 、 9, 10, and 11, further, the radial support 412 includes a bearing mechanism 4121, a support frame 4122, an adjusting support plate 4123 and a telescopic power mechanism 4124, the bearing mechanism 4121 is arranged at the center of the support frame 4122, the transmission shaft 411 is arranged in the bearing mechanism 4121, the adjusting support plate 4123 and the telescopic power mechanism 4124 are arranged in the support frame 4122, the adjusting support plate 4123 is arranged at the outer end of the telescopic power mechanism 4124, and the adjusting support plate 4123 adjusts the extension length through the telescopic power mechanism 4124.

[0028] like Figure 9 、 10 , 11, further, the support frame 4122 is cross-shaped, and the adjustment support plates 4123 are symmetrically arranged on the support frame 4122. Two adjustment support plates 4123 are symmetrically arranged on each support frame 4122 to fix the transmission shaft 411 and adjust the position of the transmission shaft 411, so that the transmission shaft 411 is always in a centered state.

[0029] like Figure 2 、 8 As shown, further, the shield body 2 includes a steering pipe segment 21, a standard pipe segment 22 and a steering cylinder 23. The steering pipe segment 21 is arranged on the front side of the standard pipe segment 22, and the steering pipe segment 21 is connected to the standard pipe segment 22 through the steering cylinder 23. The steering pipe segment 21 is connected to the standard pipe segment 22 through the steering cylinder 23. The direction of the steering pipe segment 21 is adjusted by the extension and contraction of the steering cylinder 23 at different positions, thereby changing the excavation direction of the steering pipe segment 21 and the cutter head 1 thereon, correcting the excavation posture, and avoiding the risk of accumulated deviation of the excavation path. The cutter head 1 is arranged on the steering pipe segment 21.

[0030] like Figure 2 、 8 As shown, further, four steering cylinders 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the standard pipe segment 22, and the direction of the steering pipe segment 21 is adjusted through different telescopic actions of the four steering cylinders 23, thereby correcting the excavation posture.

[0031] like Figure 3 、 4 As shown, further, the cutter disc 1 includes a cutting cutter disc 11, a fixed tool 12 and a reaming tool 13. The fixed tool 12 and the reaming tool 13 are arranged on the disc surface of the cutting cutter disc 11. The reaming tools 13 are arranged in pairs and symmetrically. The outer diameter of the cutter disc 1 is the same as the inner diameter of the shield body 2, so that the cutter disc 1 is withdrawn and recovered from the shield body 2 when the reaming tool 13 is retracted, and the reaming tool 13 can be extended to perform reaming operations.

[0032] like Figure 3 、4 As shown, the reaming tool 13 includes a reaming head 131, a mounting seat 132 and a telescopic mechanism 133. The disc surface of the cutting disc 11 is provided with a reaming groove, and the reaming groove is arranged along the radial direction of the disc surface. Therefore, the reaming head 131 extends outward along the radial direction of the disc surface when extended, and reaming can be achieved when rotated. The mounting seat 132 is arranged in the reaming groove, and the telescopic mechanism 133 is arranged on the rear side of the cutting disc 11 and is connected to the mounting seat 132. The reaming head 131 is arranged on the mounting seat 132.

[0033] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the cutting disc 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the adjusting pipe segment 21, and the diameter of the adjusting pipe segment 21 is the same as the diameter of the standard pipe segment 22. The setting of the pipe diameter realizes the retreat and recovery of the cutter disc and the inner pipe, which is suitable for overall retreat after the construction is completed. Moreover, when the cutter disc fails and needs to be replaced, the retreat replacement method can also be adopted, which is more cost-effective.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, further, the driving mechanism 42 includes a track frame, a pushing plate, a pushing cylinder, a pushing frame, a reducer and a rotary drive motor. The shield body 2 is arranged on the track frame, the pushing cylinder is arranged on the pushing frame, the output end of the pushing cylinder is connected to the pushing plate, the pushing plate is connected to the shield body 2, the pushing cylinder pushes the pushing plate to push the shield body 2 to achieve pushing, the rotary drive motor is arranged on the pushing frame and connected to the power shaft 41 through the reducer, and the rotary drive motor maintains synchronous movement with the pushing plate.

[0035] A method for using a pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting mud-water balance pressure comprises the following steps: S1, equipment assembly: lower the cutterhead 1, shield 2, slurry balance mechanism 3 and power unit 4 modules into the well and assemble them into a whole in sequence; S2, jacking: control the pressure regulating assembly 32 to open the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321 to the maximum, and then start the driving mechanism 42 to jack; During the tunneling process, the jacking cylinder pushes the jacking plate and drives the shield body 2 forward. At the same time, the rotary drive motor is started, and the power is transmitted to the power shaft 41 through the reducer. The rotation of the power shaft 41 drives the cutter head 1 to rotate for cutting and tunneling. The cutting and jacking of the cutter head 1 are carried out synchronously to realize pipe jacking construction. During the construction process, the excavation direction is constantly monitored, and the jacking direction is corrected by controlling the adjustment pipe section 21. At the same time, when reaming is required, the reaming tool 13 is extended to reame the hole; S3, soil pressure adjustment: When the mud and water pressure in front of the mud and water balance mechanism 3 is unbalanced during excavation, the pressure regulating assembly 32 is controlled to adjust the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321 to balance the mud and water pressure in front of the mud and water balance mechanism 3. When the mud bin pressure is high, the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321 is increased. When the mud bin pressure is low, the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe 321 is decreased. S4, equipment recovery: After the jacking construction is completed, the drive mechanism 42 is recovered and hoisted out first, and then the power shaft 41 is pulled out from the shield body 2 together with the mud-water balance mechanism 3, and the cutter head 1 is withdrawn together, and then disassembled and hoisted out.

[0036] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be embraced herein, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

Claims

1. A pipe jacking machine that actively adjusts mud-water balance pressure, characterized by: The invention comprises a cutter disc (1), a shield body (2), a mud-water balancing mechanism (3) and a power device (4), wherein the cutter disc (1) is arranged at the front end of the shield body (2), the power device (4) comprises a power shaft (41) and a driving mechanism (42), the driving mechanism (42) is arranged at the rear side of the shield body (2), the power shaft (41) is arranged in the shield body (2), the front end of the power shaft (41) is connected to the cutter disc (1), and the rear end is connected to the driving mechanism (42), the mud-water balancing mechanism (3) is arranged on the power shaft (41), and the mud-water balancing mechanism (3) is located in the shield body (2), sealing the front end of the shield body (2) to form a mud bin.

2. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud-water balancing mechanism (3) comprises a closing plate (31) and a pressure regulating assembly (32). The closing plate (31) is arranged on the power shaft (41). The outer periphery of the closing plate (31) contacts the inner wall of the shield body (2). The pressure regulating assembly (32) is arranged on the rear side of the closing plate (31) and is used to regulate the mud-water pressure in the mud bin.

3. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure regulating assembly (32) comprises a slurry discharge pipe (321), a sealing valve (322), a sealing plate (323) and a sealing power mechanism (324); the slurry discharge pipe (321) is arranged on the sealing plate (31) and passes through the front and rear sides of the sealing plate (31); the sealing valve (322) is arranged on the rear side of the sealing plate (31); the rear end of the slurry discharge pipe (321) is located in the sealing valve (322); the sealing plate (323) is located The sealing plate (323) is in the sealing valve (322) and is connected to the sealing power mechanism (324). The sealing plate (323) is used to seal the pulp outlet of the pulp discharge pipe (321). When the pressure is reduced, the sealing plate (323) increases the opening of the pulp outlet of the pulp discharge pipe (321) under the drive of the sealing power mechanism (324). When the pressure is increased, the sealing plate (323) decreases the opening of the pulp outlet of the pulp discharge pipe (321) under the drive of the sealing power mechanism (324).

4. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power shaft (41) comprises a transmission shaft (411) and a radial support (412), wherein the transmission shaft (411) is coaxially arranged with the shield body (2), and the radial support (412) is spaced apart on the transmission shaft (411), and the outer side of the radial support (412) contacts the inner wall of the shield body (2).

5. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radial support (412) comprises a bearing mechanism (4121), a support frame (4122), an adjusting support plate (4123) and a telescopic power mechanism (4124); the bearing mechanism (4121) is arranged at the center of the support frame (4122); the transmission shaft (411) is arranged in the bearing mechanism (4121); the adjusting support plate (4123) and the telescopic power mechanism (4124) are arranged in the support frame (4122); the adjusting support plate (4123) is arranged at the outer end of the telescopic power mechanism (4124); and the extending length of the adjusting support plate (4123) is adjusted by the telescopic power mechanism (4124).

6. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shield body (2) comprises a steering pipe section (21), a standard pipe section (22) and a steering oil cylinder (23); the steering pipe section (21) is arranged on the front side of the standard pipe section (22) and is connected to the standard pipe section (22) via the steering oil cylinder (23); and the cutter head (1) is arranged on the steering pipe section (21).

7. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutter disc (1) comprises a cutting disc (11), a fixed tool (12) and a reaming tool (13); the fixed tool (12) and the reaming tool (13) are arranged on the disc surface of the cutting disc (11); the reaming tool (13) comprises a reaming head (131), a mounting seat (132) and a telescopic mechanism (133); a reaming groove is provided on the disc surface of the cutting disc (11); the mounting seat (132) is arranged in the reaming groove; the telescopic mechanism (133) is arranged on the rear side of the cutting disc (11) and is connected to the mounting seat (132); the reaming head (131) is arranged on the mounting seat (132).

8. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the cutting disc (11) is the same as the inner diameter of the directional pipe section (21), and the diameter of the directional pipe section (21) is the same as the diameter of the standard pipe section (22).

9. The pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting the mud-water balance pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (42) includes a track frame, a pushing plate, a pushing oil cylinder, a pushing frame, a speed reducer and a rotary drive motor. The shield body (2) is arranged on the track frame, the pushing oil cylinder is arranged on the pushing frame, the output end of the pushing oil cylinder is connected to the pushing plate, the pushing plate is connected to the shield body (2), and the rotary drive motor is arranged on the pushing frame and connected to the power shaft (41) through the speed reducer.

10. The method for using a pipe jacking machine capable of actively adjusting mud-water balance pressure according to claim 1, wherein: The following steps are involved: S1, equipment assembly: lower the cutterhead (1), shield (2), mud-water balance mechanism (3) and power unit (4) modules into the well and assemble them into a whole in sequence; S2, jacking: controlling the pressure regulating component (32) to open the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe (321) to the maximum, and then starting the driving mechanism (42) to jack up; During the construction process, the excavation direction is constantly monitored, and the jacking direction is corrected by controlling the directional pipe section (21). When reaming is required, the reaming tool (13) is extended to carry out reaming; S3, soil pressure adjustment: when the mud and water pressure in front of the mud and water balance mechanism (3) is unbalanced during excavation, the pressure adjustment component (32) is controlled to adjust the opening of the slurry outlet of the slurry discharge pipe (321) to balance the mud and water pressure in front of the mud and water balance mechanism (3); S4, equipment recovery: After the jacking construction is completed, the drive mechanism (42) is recovered and hoisted out first, and then the power shaft (41) is pulled out together with the mud-water balance mechanism (3) from the shield body (2) backward, and the cutter head (1) is pulled out together, and then disassembled and hoisted out.

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