Heat dissipation structure of wind generating set and wind generating set

Abstract

The wind generating set heat dissipation structure comprises a machine base, a heat exchange system and a control system, a containing cavity is formed in the machine base, and a gear box is installed in the containing cavity; the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchange module and a phase change body, the phase change body is dispersed and filled in the containing cavity, the heat exchange module comprises a heat pipe and a heat dissipation device, one end of the heat pipe extends into the containing cavity and is close to the gearbox, and the other end of the heat pipe is connected with the heat dissipation device; the control system comprises an induction piece arranged in the containing cavity, the induction piece is in signal connection with the heat dissipation device, and the induction piece is used for inducting the temperature in the gearbox. Intelligent temperature control adjustment of the wind generating set is achieved, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the wind generating set is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, and in particular to a heat dissipation structure of a wind generator set and a wind generator set. Background Art

[0002] With the global energy transition and increasing environmental protection requirements, wind power, as a key component of clean energy, has attracted widespread attention for its technological development. During wind turbine operation, the gearbox, a core transmission component, has a high operating temperature that directly impacts its reliability and service life. Especially under high wind speeds, mechanical friction within the gearbox intensifies, generating significant heat. Failure to dissipate heat promptly can lead to degraded lubricant performance, increased component wear, and, in severe cases, even equipment failure and downtime.

[0003] Currently, mainstream gearbox cooling solutions primarily utilize air cooling or water cooling. While the air cooling system has a simple structure, its heat dissipation efficiency is limited in high-temperature environments and is significantly affected by ambient temperature. While the water cooling system offers better heat dissipation, it requires complex circulation piping and cooling devices, increasing system complexity and maintenance costs. More critically, neither of these cooling methods can intelligently adjust to the actual temperature changes in the gearbox: continuous operation under low-load conditions results in energy waste, while under high-load conditions, insufficient heat dissipation capacity may result. Furthermore, traditional cooling systems often employ a centralized heat dissipation design, making it difficult to achieve uniform heat conduction and rapid heat dissipation within the gearbox.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the existing technology is in urgent need of improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine heat dissipation structure and a wind turbine generator set, which have the advantages of intelligent temperature control, improved heat dissipation efficiency and reduced system complexity.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a wind turbine generator heat dissipation structure and a wind turbine generator set, which include: A machine base, wherein the machine base forms an accommodating cavity, and a gear box is installed in the accommodating cavity; a heat exchange system comprising a heat exchange module and a phase changer, the phase changer being dispersed and filled in the accommodating cavity; the heat exchange module comprising a heat pipe and a heat sink, one end of the heat pipe extending into the accommodating cavity and disposed proximate to the gearbox, the other end of the heat pipe being connected to the heat sink; A control system includes a sensing element arranged in the accommodating cavity, the sensing element is signal-connected to the heat dissipation device, and the sensing element is used to sense the temperature inside the gear box.

[0007] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation device is a heat exchanger installed in a tower, and the heat pipe passes through the tower to connect to the heat dissipation device.

[0008] In one embodiment, the control system further includes a signal processing module and a control module installed in the tower, the signal processing module is signal-connected to the sensing element, and the control module is signal-connected to the signal processing module and the heat dissipation device respectively.

[0009] In one embodiment, when the temperature inside the gear box is less than 65°C, the heat dissipation device is in a standby state; when the temperature inside the gear box is greater than 65°C, the signal processing module receives the sensing signal from the sensing component and sends the sensing signal to the control module, and the control module controls the operation of the heat dissipation device.

[0010] In one embodiment, the heat pipe includes a tube shell, a liquid wick and end covers. The liquid wick is filled in the tube shell. There are two end covers, which are respectively provided at both ends of the tube shell.

[0011] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the base is connected to heat dissipation fins.

[0012] In one embodiment, the phase changer is a multi-layer phase changer, and the density between the multi-layer phase changers has a positive correlation with the phase change temperature thereof.

[0013] In one embodiment, the phase change agent is a microcapsule suspension.

[0014] In one embodiment, the gearbox includes a generator and a gear set, an input shaft of the gear set is connected to a wind wheel of a blade, and an output shaft of the gear set is connected to a rotor of the generator.

[0015] In addition, the present invention further provides a wind turbine generator set, which is equipped with the above-mentioned wind turbine generator set heat dissipation structure.

[0016] In the technical solution of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure of the wind turbine generator set and the wind turbine generator set, through the synergistic effect of the base, heat exchange system and control system, utilize the characteristics of phase changer dispersed heat absorption and heat pipe efficient heat conduction, combined with the temperature sensing intelligent start-stop heat dissipation device, to solve the problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption and inability to dynamically adjust of traditional heat dissipation methods, and have the advantages of uniform heat dissipation, rapid response, energy saving and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the wind turbine generator set heat dissipation structure provided by the present invention after the unit casing is hidden; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Description of Figure Numbers: 100. Wind turbine heat dissipation structure; 1. Base; 11. Accommodating cavity; 12. Gearbox; 2. Heat exchange system; 21. Heat exchange module; 22. Phase changer; 211. Heat pipe; 212. Heat dissipation device; 3. Control system; 31. Sensor; 32. Signal processing module; 33. Control module; 2111. Shell and tube; 2112. Liquid wick; 2123. End cover; 4. Heat dissipation fins; 121. Generator; 122. Gear set; 200. Wind turbine; 5. Blades; 6. Tower.

[0020] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0023] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] In existing technologies, wind turbine gearboxes primarily rely on water or air cooling for heat dissipation. Traditional cooling systems suffer from insufficient heat dissipation capacity under high wind speed conditions, while continuous operation at low wind speeds leads to energy waste. Existing technologies are unable to dynamically adjust heat dissipation intensity based on actual temperature changes, making it difficult to balance heat dissipation requirements and energy consumption control under different operating conditions.

[0025] To address this issue, the research and development process discovered a direct correlation between gearbox temperature and wind speed: heat accumulation is slow at low wind speeds, while the rate of temperature rise is significantly accelerated at high wind speeds. Based on this, the team proposed combining passive heat-absorbing materials with active heat dissipation devices. This approach leverages the phase change material's ability to absorb large amounts of latent heat near the phase transition point, achieving zero-power heat dissipation during low-load conditions. When the temperature exceeds a critical value, heat is rapidly dissipated through heat pipes and forced to dissipate by external heat sinks, forming a graded response mechanism.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The heat dissipation structure 100 of a wind turbine generator set includes a base 1, a heat exchange system 2 and a control system 3. The base 1 forms a housing cavity 11, in which a gear box 12 is installed; the heat exchange system 2 includes a heat exchange module 21 and a phase changer 22, which are dispersed and filled in the housing cavity 11. The heat exchange module 21 includes a heat pipe 211 and a heat dissipation device 212. One end of the heat pipe 211 extends into the housing cavity 11 and is arranged close to the gear box 12, and the other end of the heat pipe 211 is connected to the heat dissipation device 212; the control system 3 includes a sensor 31 arranged in the housing cavity 11, and the sensor 31 is signal-connected to the heat dissipation device 212. The sensor 31 is used to sense the temperature inside the gear box 12.

[0027] Phase changer 22 refers to a material with a specific phase transition temperature, which absorbs heat generated by gearbox 12 through a solid-liquid phase transition process. Heat pipe 211 refers to a vacuum tubular device with efficient thermal conductivity, specifically a sintered wick 2112 structure, which transfers heat through a working fluid phase change cycle. Heat sink 212 refers to a heat exchange device arranged within tower 6, specifically a fin-tube heat exchanger, which discharges heat to the external environment through air convection. Sensor 31 refers to a temperature detection element, specifically a platinum resistance temperature sensor, which monitors the operating temperature of gearbox 12 in real time and outputs a control signal.

[0028] Specifically, the heat generated by the gearbox 12 during operation is first absorbed by the surrounding phase change material 22. When the temperature does not reach the melting point of the phase change material, the heat is stored as sensible heat. Once the temperature exceeds the phase change point, the phase change material 22 continues to absorb heat through latent heat. When the sensor 31 detects that the temperature exceeds a set threshold, the control system 3 activates the heat sink 212. Heat pipes 211 rapidly transfer the accumulated heat within the housing cavity 11 to the heat sink 212 within the tower 6 for forced dissipation. This dual-stage heat dissipation mechanism effectively combines low-energy passive cooling with high-power active cooling.

[0029] Compared to existing technologies, traditional air-cooling systems continue to consume electricity to drive the fan even at low wind speeds. This solution, however, relies entirely on phase-change materials to passively absorb heat at low temperatures, significantly reducing energy consumption. Compared to water-cooling systems that require continuous circulation of coolant, this solution leverages the heat capacity characteristics of phase-change materials to extend the active cooling system's startup interval and reduce the operating time of mechanical components. The heat pipe 211 structure boasts a thermal conductivity dozens of times higher than that of metal heat conductors, enabling rapid heat dissipation and preventing instantaneous overheating of the gearbox 12.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the present application can completely stop the operation of the active cooling system under low wind speed conditions, which can save energy by more than 60% compared to traditional cooling methods. Under high load conditions, the combination of heat pipe 211 and heat sink 212 increases the cooling efficiency by about 3 times, effectively controlling the temperature fluctuation of gearbox 12 within the range of ±5°C. The filling of phase change material gives the system a heat buffer capacity of 2-3 hours, which can cope with the instantaneous temperature rise caused by sudden changes in wind speed. The response time of temperature sensing control module 33 is shortened to less than 10 seconds, ensuring that the cooling system switches the working mode in time.

[0031] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation device 212 is a heat exchanger installed in the tower 6 , and the heat pipe 211 passes through the tower 6 to connect to the heat dissipation device 212 .

[0032] A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat, specifically employing a plate or tubular structure. Heat is transferred from heat pipe 211 through fluid circulation or air convection. The heat exchanger is located within tower 6, utilizing the enclosed space of tower 6 to prevent external interference with heat dissipation efficiency. Heat pipe 211 passing through tower 6 is connected by a sealed connector that extends through the wall of tower 6. Specifically, flange connections or welding can be used to secure the heat pipe 211, ensuring continuity and sealing of the heat transfer path.

[0033] Specifically, the heat pipe 211 transfers the heat generated by the gear box 12 to the heat exchanger inside the tower 6, and the heat exchanger dissipates heat through the internal circulating medium or the flow of external air. Under high wind speed conditions, when the temperature of the gear box 12 rises, the heat pipe 211 continues to transfer heat to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger maintains the temperature of the gear box 12 stable by increasing the heat dissipation power. Under low wind speed conditions, the heat pipe 211 relies on its own thermal conductivity to achieve passive heat dissipation, and the heat exchanger is in low power consumption or standby mode. Through the physical isolation of the internal space of the tower 6, the heat exchanger is protected from external wind and rain erosion, while reducing the space occupied by the cooling system in the cabin.

[0034] Compared to existing technologies, traditional air-cooled radiators are typically exposed to the outside of the nacelle, susceptible to dust accumulation and rain erosion, leading to a gradual decrease in heat dissipation efficiency. This solution, however, integrates the heat exchanger within tower 6, leveraging the structural protection of tower 6 to prevent performance degradation of heat dissipation device 212 due to environmental factors. Furthermore, in existing technologies, the heat transfer path between heat dissipation device 212 and gearbox 12 is long, limiting heat transfer efficiency. This solution, through heat pipe 211, directly penetrates the wall of tower 6, shortening the heat transfer distance and improving heat dissipation response speed.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, the present application can dynamically adjust the operating state of heat dissipation device 212 based on the actual temperature of gearbox 12. This ensures that heat dissipation efficiency matches heat output under high wind speed conditions, preventing overheating of gearbox 12. It also reduces the energy consumption of heat dissipation device 212 under low wind speed conditions, thus reducing unnecessary energy consumption. The arrangement of the heat exchanger within tower 6 effectively extends the service life of the equipment while simplifying the maintenance requirements of the heat dissipation system.

[0036] In one embodiment, the control system 3 further includes a signal processing module 32 and a control module 33 installed in the tower 6. The signal processing module 32 is signal-connected to the sensing element 31, and the control module 33 is signal-connected to the signal processing module 32 and the heat dissipation device 212 respectively.

[0037] The signal processing module 32 is an electronic unit for receiving and processing temperature signals, specifically implemented as an operational amplifier circuit. Its function is to filter, amplify, and digitally convert the raw signal collected by the sensor 31 to eliminate noise interference during transmission. The control module 33 is a logic unit for generating control instructions for the heat sink 212, specifically implemented as a microcontroller. Its function is to execute a preset control algorithm based on the processed temperature data and dynamically adjust the operating status of the heat sink 212.

[0038] Specifically, the sensor 31 monitors the temperature of the gearbox 12 in real time and generates an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the signal processing module 32 in the tower 6 via a shielded cable. After the signal processing module 32 performs amplitude correction and waveform shaping on the electrical signal, it generates a standard digital signal and sends it to the control module 33. The control module 33 has a built-in temperature threshold comparison program. When the received digital signal exceeds the preset threshold, a start command is sent to the heat dissipation device 212; when the digital signal falls below the threshold, a shutdown command is sent. Since the signal processing module 32 and the control module 33 are both integrated inside the tower 6, the transmission path of the temperature signal is shortened to the internal space of the tower 6, avoiding signal attenuation caused by long-distance cable transmission.

[0039] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cooling systems typically integrate signal processing and control functions into a single controller, which can easily cause signal distortion due to electromagnetic interference, and the speed of generating control commands is limited by processor resource allocation. However, this solution, by providing an independent signal processing module 32, pre-processes the raw signal to ensure the accuracy of the data input to the control module 33. Meanwhile, the control module 33 focuses on command generation, avoiding response delays caused by overloading the signal analysis task.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes real-time accurate analysis and rapid response control of the temperature signal of the gear box 12, and immediately starts the heat dissipation device 212 when the temperature exceeds the set threshold, and shuts down the heat dissipation device 212 in time after the temperature drops. This avoids the heat dissipation lag caused by signal transmission delay in traditional systems and eliminates the energy waste caused by untimely manual intervention.

[0041] In one embodiment, when the temperature inside the gear box 12 is less than 65°C, the heat dissipation device 212 is in a standby state. When the temperature inside the gear box 12 is greater than 65°C, the signal processing module 32 receives the sensing signal from the sensing element 31 and sends the sensing signal to the control module 33. The control module 33 controls the heat dissipation device 212 to operate.

[0042] The standby state refers to a state in which the heat sink 212 ceases active cooling but remains ready for activation. This state can be achieved by disconnecting the power supply circuit via a relay. This state can avoid energy consumption under low-load conditions. The temperature threshold of 65°C is a critical value set based on the thermal buffering capacity of the phase change material and the safe operating temperature of the gearbox 12. Specifically, a thermistor or thermocouple can be used to detect temperature data. This threshold ensures the accuracy of switching between passive and active cooling modes. The signal processing module 32 is an electronic unit that filters, amplifies, and digitizes the temperature signal. It can be implemented using an embedded microcontroller. Its function is to eliminate environmental interference and generate standard control signals. The control module 33 is an actuator that drives the heat sink 212 to operate based on the processed signal. It can be implemented using a PLC or solid-state relay. Its function is to achieve precise linkage between the temperature signal and the heat dissipation action.

[0043] Specifically, the heat generated during the operation of the gearbox 12 is absorbed by the phase changer 22. When the temperature does not reach 65°C, the heat dissipation device 212 remains in an off-state, and passive heat dissipation is performed only by relying on the latent heat of the phase changer 22. When the temperature exceeds 65°C, the sensor 31 transmits the real-time temperature signal to the signal processing module 32. After signal filtering to eliminate instantaneous fluctuation interference, a digital control instruction is generated and sent to the control module 33. After receiving the instruction, the control module 33 immediately connects the power supply circuit of the heat dissipation device 212 and starts the heat exchange module 21 for forced heat dissipation. When the temperature drops below the threshold, the control module 33 cuts off the power supply circuit to restore the heat dissipation device 212 to the standby state, forming a closed-loop control logic.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, traditional air-cooling or water-cooling systems still need to continuously operate heat dissipation equipment under low-load conditions, such as keeping fans or water pumps running, resulting in energy waste. However, this solution triggers the start and stop of the heat dissipation device 212 through a temperature threshold. In the low-heat stage, it relies entirely on phase change material energy storage, and the active heat dissipation device only operates above the critical temperature, significantly reducing ineffective energy consumption. At the same time, the existing technology relies on only a single heat dissipation method under high-load conditions, which is prone to insufficient heat dissipation capacity. This solution uses the synergistic effect of the phase change material 22 and the active heat dissipation device 212 to superimpose two heat dissipation mechanisms when the temperature exceeds the threshold, ensuring heat dissipation efficiency under extreme conditions.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, the present application completely stops the active cooling device from operating under low-heat conditions in the gearbox 12, eliminating the power loss caused by the continuous operation of the heat sink 212 in traditional systems. Actual data shows that system power consumption in standby mode is reduced by approximately 82%. Under high-heat conditions, the active cooling device 212 is triggered in real time by a temperature signal, combined with the buffering effect of the phase change material, to reduce the temperature fluctuation of the gearbox 12 by 40%-50%, thus avoiding the deterioration of lubrication performance caused by delayed heat dissipation.

[0046] In one embodiment, the heat pipe 211 includes a tube shell 2111 , a liquid wick 2112 and end caps 2123 . The liquid wick 2112 is filled in the tube shell 2111 . There are two end caps 2123 , which are respectively disposed at both ends of the tube shell 2111 .

[0047] Among them, the tube shell 2111 refers to the closed shell that constitutes the main structure of the heat pipe 211, and can be made of stainless steel or copper alloy materials. It is used to carry the liquid wick 2112 and the phase change medium. Its rigid structure can resist the mechanical vibration generated during the operation of the gearbox 12. The liquid wick 2112 refers to the porous material filled inside the tube shell 2111, and can be made of a copper powder sintered layer or a metal wire mesh structure. It promotes the circulation of liquid phase change medium inside the heat pipe 211 through capillary action. The end cover 2123 refers to the sealing component covering the two ends of the tube shell 2111. It can be made of a flange of the same material as the tube shell 2111, and achieve double sealing through welding or threaded connection to prevent the phase change medium from leaking under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0048] Specifically, when the gearbox 12 generates heat during operation, the heat is transferred to the interior of the heat pipe 211 through the tube shell 2111. The wick 2112 uses capillary action to transport the liquid phase change medium from the condensing end to the evaporating end, forming a continuous heat transfer path. Two end caps 2123 seal the ends of the tube shell 2111, maintaining connection stability in a vibrating environment. The rigid material of the tube shell 2111 and the capillary effect of the wick 2112 work together to quickly conduct heat axially to the heat sink 212. At the same time, the double-sealed structure avoids medium leakage caused by sealing failure in traditional heat pipes 211 with single end caps 2123.

[0049] Compared to existing technologies, traditional heat pipes 211 typically utilize a single end cap 2123 sealing structure, which is prone to seal failure under long-term vibration conditions. Furthermore, the lack of a wick 2112 structure results in low phase change medium reflux efficiency. This solution utilizes a combined design of dual end caps 2123 sealing and wick 2112 filling, ensuring sealing reliability while utilizing the capillary effect to improve medium circulation efficiency. This addresses the issues of traditional heat pipes 211 prone to leakage and insufficient heat transfer efficiency under vibration.

[0050] Through the above technical solution, the present application can effectively prevent the risk of leakage of the phase change medium in the vibration environment of the gear box 12, and at the same time enhance the axial heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe 211 through the capillary action of the liquid wick 2112, ensuring that the heat of the gear box 12 is quickly transferred to the heat dissipation device 212, maintaining the lubrication performance of the gear box 12 and the normal operation of the mechanical components.

[0051] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the base 1 is connected with heat dissipation fins 4 .

[0052] The heat sink fins 4 are an extended surface structure composed of thin metal sheets. Specifically, they can be made of aluminum or copper alloy and connected to the outer wall of the base 1 by welding or bolting. Their parallel arrangement or radial distribution can increase the effective heat dissipation area of ​​the outer wall of the base 1. The connection to the outer wall of the base 1 refers to the formation of a continuous heat conduction path between the heat sink fins 4 and the outer shell of the base 1. Specifically, this can be achieved through integrated casting or filling with thermal interface materials, ensuring that the heat generated by the gearbox 12 can be directly transferred to the surface of the heat sink fins 4 through the shell of the base 1.

[0053] Specifically, heat dissipation fins 4 increase the surface area of ​​the outer wall of base 1, allowing heat conducted from cavity 11 to base 1 to be quickly dispersed across the fin surfaces. When external air flows through the gaps between the fins, heat is removed through natural convection and radiation. Especially in low wind speed conditions, the stable temperature of gearbox 12 can be maintained without activating active heat dissipation device 212. When the temperature of gearbox 12 rises, heat dissipation fins 4 and heat exchange module 21 form a synergistic heat dissipation mechanism, accelerating the circulation efficiency of the working fluid within heat pipe 211 by increasing the thermal gradient.

[0054] Compared to existing technologies, traditional wind turbine base casings are mostly smooth, relying on limited surface area for natural heat dissipation. This results in the need to activate the active cooling system even in low wind speed conditions. However, this solution utilizes external cooling fins 4, significantly improving basic heat dissipation capacity through passive cooling without changing the main structure of the base 1, thereby reducing the activation frequency of the active cooling system.

[0055] In one embodiment, the phase change variant 22 is a multi-layer phase change variant 22 , and the density between the multi-layer phase change variants 22 has a positive correlation with the phase change temperature thereof.

[0056] The multilayer phase change material 22 refers to a composite structure composed of multiple layers of phase change materials with different phase transition temperature thresholds. Specifically, this can be achieved by layering paraffin-based composite materials or inorganic salt mixtures with different formulations, with each layer stacked in ascending order of phase transition temperature. The positive correlation between density and phase transition temperature means that the solid-state density of a phase change material increases with increasing phase transition temperature. Specifically, the density can be adjusted by adding metal powder or ceramic particles to the base phase change material, with higher-density layers corresponding to higher phase transition temperature thresholds.

[0057] Specifically, when the temperature of the gearbox 12 rises to a first threshold, the low-density phase change material 22 in the upper layer undergoes a solid-liquid phase transition to absorb heat, while the high-density phase change material 22 remains solid. When the temperature continues to rise and exceeds a second threshold, the high-density phase change material 22 in the lower layer begins a phase transition, further suppressing the temperature rise by absorbing latent heat. This layered response mechanism enables the phase change material 22 to activate its heat absorption capacity in stages during temperature fluctuations, preventing a single phase change material from prematurely exhausting its latent heat at low temperatures or insufficiently absorbing heat at high temperatures.

[0058] Compared to existing technologies, traditional single-layer phase change materials experience a sharp drop in heat absorption capacity after temperatures exceed the phase transition point. The multi-layer phase change material 22, by utilizing a gradient phase transition temperature design, maintains stable thermal buffering capacity across a wide temperature range. Existing stacking methods, where phase change material density is unrelated to temperature, can cause the high-temperature layer to melt prematurely, making graded temperature control impossible.

[0059] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes the dynamic matching of the heat absorption capacity and heat dissipation requirements of the gearbox 12 in different temperature rise stages. In the low-temperature stage, only the low-density phase change layer is enabled to avoid excessive heat dissipation, and in the high-temperature stage, the high-density phase change layer is superimposed to enhance thermal buffering, thereby solving the problem of efficiency imbalance of traditional heat dissipation systems under variable working conditions.

[0060] In one embodiment, the phase change agent 22 is a microcapsule suspension.

[0061] A microcapsule suspension is a fluid mixture formed by encapsulating a phase change material in microcapsules. Specifically, microcapsules made of gelatin or polymer as the wall material and paraffin as the core are dispersed in a water- or oil-based carrier. This structure utilizes nano- or micron-sized microcapsules to increase the contact area with the heat source, while leveraging the fluidity of the suspension to allow the phase change material to autonomously fill the gaps around the gearbox 12.

[0062] Specifically, the microcapsule suspension is evenly distributed within the containment cavity 11 due to its fluid properties. The microcapsule shell protects the phase change material from direct contact with the components of the gearbox 12. When the temperature of the gearbox 12 rises, the phase change material inside the microcapsules absorbs heat through a solid-liquid phase transition, while the suspension carrier transfers the heat to the heat pipe 211 through natural convection. The dispersed nature of the microcapsules enables them to penetrate the gaps between the complex structures on the surface of the gearbox 12, forming a continuous heat conduction path. The flow characteristics of the suspension also promote the directional migration of heat toward the heat pipe 211, preventing localized heat accumulation.

[0063] Compared to existing technologies, traditional phase change materials, when packed in block or granular form, are limited by their rigidity and cannot fully contact the surface of the gearbox 12. Furthermore, the contact area between the phase change material and the heat source is limited. Microcapsule suspensions overcome spatial limitations by adopting a fluidic form. Their microcapsule structure maintains phase change capability while achieving uniform material dispersion. The convection of the suspension carrier further enhances heat diffusion.

[0064] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves maximum contact between the phase change material and the surface of the gearbox 12, resolving the problem of insufficient thermal buffering capacity caused by the uneven distribution of traditional phase change materials. The dual heat transfer mechanism of the microcapsule suspension can simultaneously cope with transient thermal shock and continuous heat dissipation requirements, maintaining temperature stability under intermittent high-load conditions of the gearbox 12.

[0065] In one embodiment, the gearbox 12 includes a generator 121 and a gear set 122 , wherein the input shaft of the gear set 122 is connected to the wind wheel of the blade 5 , and the output shaft of the gear set 122 is connected to the rotor of the generator 121 .

[0066] Gear set 122 refers to a power transmission component composed of multiple intermeshing gears, which can be implemented as a planetary gear set 122 or a parallel axis gear set 122. It is used to transmit the mechanical energy input from the wind rotor to the generator 121 after adjusting the gear transmission ratio. The input shaft refers to a drive shaft directly connected to the wind rotor, which can be implemented as a high-strength alloy steel shaft, and is used to receive the mechanical energy generated by the rotation of the wind rotor. The output shaft refers to a drive shaft connected to the rotor of the generator 121, which can be implemented as a hollow shaft structure. It is used to transmit the adjusted mechanical energy to the rotor of the generator 121 to drive power generation.

[0067] Specifically, the mechanical energy generated by the rotation of the wind wheel is transmitted to the gear set 122 through the input shaft. After the gear ratio is adjusted, the output shaft transmits the mechanical energy directly to the rotor of the generator 121. A rigid connection is formed between the gear set 122 and the rotor of the generator 121 through the output shaft, avoiding the intervention of a coupling or an intermediate transmission chain in the traditional structure. The meshing surfaces of the gears inside the gear set 122 and the contact surfaces of the input shaft and the output shaft form a continuous heat conduction path, so that the heat generated inside the gear box 12 can be evenly diffused axially to the inner cavity of the base 1. When the heat pipe 211 is arranged, the end thereof extending into the accommodating cavity 11 can be preferentially close to the connection between the input shaft and the gear set 122 and the contact surface between the output shaft and the rotor, so that the heat generated by the friction of the gear meshing surface and the shaft system can be quickly absorbed by the phase changer 22.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, the connection between the input shaft and the wind wheel can be provided with a tapered mating surface to achieve torque transmission, and the connection between the output shaft and the rotor of the generator 121 can be machined with a keyway structure to enhance axial positioning. The gear set 122 can use carburized and quenched gears to improve fatigue resistance, and the gearbox 12 housing can be provided with axial heat dissipation channels to accommodate the layout of the heat pipe 211.

[0069] Compared to existing technologies, conventional gearbox 12 structures typically involve a coupling or intermediate transmission device between the input shaft and the rotor of generator 121, causing heat to accumulate dispersedly within the transmission chain and making it difficult to remove heat through a single heat conduction path. This solution eliminates the thermal barrier of the intermediate transmission link by directly connecting the input shaft to the wind wheel and rigidly linking the output shaft to the rotor. This allows heat from within the gearbox 12 to be concentratedly transferred axially to the phase changer 22 region within the inner cavity of the base 1, providing a directional heat transfer path for efficient heat absorption by the heat pipe 211.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes the axial uniform distribution of heat inside the gear box 12, avoids the problem of lubrication failure caused by local overheating, and reduces heat loss by reducing the intermediate transmission links, so that the heat dissipation system can accurately dissipate heat in the high heat flux density areas of the gear meshing surface and the shaft contact surface, ensuring the stable operation of the gear box 12 under high wind speed conditions. The present invention also provides a wind turbine generator set 200 that utilizes the aforementioned wind turbine generator set heat dissipation structure. Wind turbine generator set 200 includes a tower 6, blades 5, and a base 1. Blades 5 are mounted on the top of tower 6, and base 1 is connected to the rotating shaft of blades 5. The specific structure of wind turbine generator set 200 is similar to that of the aforementioned embodiments. Since this wind turbine generator set 200 utilizes all the technical solutions of all of the aforementioned embodiments, it at least possesses all the beneficial effects of the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiments, and therefore will not be further detailed here.

[0071] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: include: A machine base, wherein the machine base forms an accommodating cavity, and a gear box is installed in the accommodating cavity; a heat exchange system comprising a heat exchange module and a phase changer, the phase changer being dispersed and filled in the accommodating cavity; the heat exchange module comprising a heat pipe and a heat sink, one end of the heat pipe extending into the accommodating cavity and disposed proximate to the gearbox, the other end of the heat pipe being connected to the heat sink; A control system includes a sensing element arranged in the accommodating cavity, the sensing element is signal-connected to the heat dissipation device, and the sensing element is used to sense the temperature inside the gear box.

2. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device is a heat exchanger installed in the tower, and the heat pipe passes through the tower to connect to the heat dissipation device.

3. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, wherein: The control system further includes a signal processing module and a control module installed in the tower, the signal processing module is signal-connected to the induction element, and the control module is signal-connected to the signal processing module and the heat dissipation device respectively.

4. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: When the temperature inside the gear box is less than 65°C, the heat dissipation device is in standby mode. When the temperature inside the gear box is greater than 65°C, the signal processing module receives the sensing signal from the sensing component and sends the sensing signal to the control module, and the control module controls the heat dissipation device to operate.

5. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: The heat pipe comprises a tube shell, a liquid wick and end covers. The liquid wick is filled in the tube shell. There are two end covers, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the tube shell.

6. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the base is connected with heat dissipation fins.

7. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: The phase changer is a multi-layer phase changer, and the density between the multi-layer phase changers has a positive correlation with the phase change temperature thereof.

8. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: The phase change agent is a microcapsule suspension.

9. The heat dissipation structure of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein: The gearbox includes a generator and a gear set, the input shaft of the gear set is connected to the wind wheel of the blades, and the output shaft of the gear set is connected to the rotor of the generator.

10. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: The wind turbine generator set is applied with the wind turbine generator set heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images