Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic installation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and discloses a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic installation method. The photovoltaic module comprises a frame, a lamination piece and a stress dispersion piece, the frame is used for being installed on a supporting structure, an installation space is defined by the frame, the lamination piece is arranged in the installation space and comprises a light-facing face and a backlight face, the stress dispersion piece is arranged on the backlight face of the lamination piece, and the stress dispersion piece is arranged on the backlight face of the lamination piece. And the stress dispersing piece is arranged on the laminating piece, corresponds to the supporting structure in position, and is used for dispersing the acting force of the supporting structure on the laminating piece. According to the invention, the acting force is dispersed through the stress dispersion part, and the maximum value of the acting force can be reduced, so that the phenomenon of non-uniform stress of a supported area and an unsupported area of the laminated part is reduced, and the risk that the front surface of the photovoltaic module is broken when the photovoltaic module is pressed is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic installation method. Background Art

[0002] In bad weather, debris can easily accumulate on the front of the photovoltaic module, causing the photovoltaic module to bend and the laminate to break when the bending amplitude is too large.

[0003] In order to improve the pressure bearing capacity of photovoltaic modules, some related technologies are used Figure 1 The technical solution shown is to set a protrusion on the support structure on the back of the laminate. The protrusion can support the bent laminate, reduce the bending deformation of the laminate, and prevent the laminate from pressing on the support on the back, thereby reducing the risk of the laminate breaking.

[0004] However, the present invention notes that for lightweight photovoltaic modules (such as single-glass modules), if the solution in the related art is adopted, the tempered glass on the front surface is easily shattered when excessive pressure is applied. Therefore, the implementation effect of the related art on lightweight photovoltaic modules is not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic installation method to solve the problem that the front of the photovoltaic module is easily broken when under pressure.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic component, including a frame, a laminate and a stress dispersion component, wherein the frame is used to be installed on a supporting structure, the frame encloses an installation space, the laminate is arranged in the installation space, and includes a light-facing surface and a backlight surface, the stress dispersion component is arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate, and its position corresponds to the position of the supporting structure, and the stress dispersion component is used to disperse the force of the supporting structure acting on the laminate.

[0007] Beneficial effect: By dispersing the force through the stress dispersion member, the maximum value of the force can be reduced, thereby alleviating the uneven force between the supported and unsupported areas of the laminate, and reducing the risk of frontal cracking of the photovoltaic module when under pressure.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the support structure includes a bracket, the bracket extends in the length direction, and in the width direction of the bracket, the size of the stress dispersion member is larger than the size of the bracket.

[0009] Beneficial effect: By making the width of the stress dispersion member larger than the width of the bracket, the stress-bearing area of ​​the laminate can be increased, thereby better achieving the effect of dispersing the force.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the stress dispersion member includes a supporting plate, the supporting plate extends along the length direction, and the length of the supporting plate is greater than or equal to 80% of the length of the bracket.

[0011] Beneficial effect: The support plate bends along with the laminate, replacing the contact between the laminate and the bracket. Since the support plate has a certain rigidity, the local force exerted by the bracket on the support plate can be dispersed into the force exerted by the support plate as a whole on the laminate. In addition, the support plate can also prevent burrs or other defects on the surface of the bracket from damaging the laminate.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the supporting plate is 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

[0013] Beneficial effect: Setting the thickness of the support plate between 0.5mm and 20mm can avoid the support plate being too thin, resulting in insufficient hardness and unsatisfactory force dispersion effect, and can also avoid the support plate being too thick, resulting in increased uneven deformation of the laminate area with the support plate and the area without the support plate, thereby increasing the risk of breakage.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the stress dispersion member includes supporting blocks arranged in pairs, and the two supporting blocks in the pair are spaced apart and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the laminate in the length direction, and the supporting blocks include a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface, the first supporting surface is used to abut against the laminate, and the second supporting surface is used to abut against the bracket, the first supporting surface is inclined to the second supporting surface, and intersects with the second supporting surface on a side close to the center of the laminate.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Using support blocks for support can reduce the size and weight of stress dispersion parts, which helps to make photovoltaic modules lighter. In addition, the intersection of the first support surface and the second support surface can eliminate the gap between the contact surface between the laminate and the bracket and the contact surface between the laminate and the support block, avoiding uneven force in the gap.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the supporting block is made of an elastically deformable material.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The supporting block can compensate for the deviation of the angle between the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface and the angle between the laminate and the bracket through deformation, thereby being able to uniformly apply supporting force to the laminate.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the bracket is parallel to the short side of the frame, the number of the bracket is at least two, and the distance between the two brackets and the short side of the frame is 1 / 4 of the length of the long side of the frame.

[0019] Beneficial effect: Setting the bracket at the 1 / 4 position can make the forces on the parts of the laminate located inside the two brackets and outside the two brackets relatively even, the deformation of the laminate is closer to a circular arc, and the support effect of the bracket on the stress dispersion component is improved.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the laminate includes a front glass layer, a battery layer and a back panel that are stacked together, the front glass layer is located on the light-facing side, and the thickness of the front glass layer is 0.7 mm to 2.2 mm.

[0021] Beneficial effect: By adopting stress dispersion parts, photovoltaic modules are suitable for using relatively thin and relatively low-strength positive glass layers, which helps to achieve a lightweight design of photovoltaic modules.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a photovoltaic installation method, which uses the photovoltaic assembly provided by the present invention. The photovoltaic installation method includes: determining the installation position of the stress dispersion component according to the position of the support structure, and assembling the photovoltaic assembly.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The photovoltaic installation method uses the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, and therefore has the corresponding beneficial effects brought by the photovoltaic module, which will not be described in detail here.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, determining the installation position of the stress dispersion member according to the position of the support structure includes: performing a pressure test on the photovoltaic assembly to determine a risk area of ​​the photovoltaic assembly, and making the stress dispersion member cover the risk area;

[0025] Wherein, the supporting structure is a bracket, and the pressure test includes:

[0026] Building a test bench corresponding to the support structure;

[0027] Mounting the photovoltaic module on the test bench without providing the stress dispersion member;

[0028] Applying pressure to the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic module, recording the contact area between the backlight surface and the test bench when the front glass layer breaks as a first contact area, and recording the contact area between the backlight surface and the test bench when the pressure reaches a rated pressure as a second contact area;

[0029] If the positive glass layer breaks before the pressure reaches the rated pressure, the two ends of the first contact area in the length direction of the bracket and the portion of the second contact area that does not overlap with the first contact area are used as the risk areas;

[0030] If the positive glass layer breaks after the pressure reaches the rated pressure, the two ends of the second contact area in the length direction of the bracket are used as the risk areas.

[0031] Beneficial effect: Fragmentation will only occur when the pressure is too great, causing the local uneven stress to exceed the limit of the positive glass layer. By determining the risk area, the location of the stress dispersion component can be selected more specifically, which is conducive to reducing the size of the stress dispersion component and achieving lightweight photovoltaic modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation of a photovoltaic module in the related art, which shows the supporting method of the photovoltaic module in the related art;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation of a lightweight photovoltaic module in the related art, showing the relative positional relationship between the laminate and the bracket without providing additional support;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the testing process for lightweight photovoltaic modules according to the present invention, which shows a method of applying pressure to the front of the photovoltaic module;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the testing process for lightweight photovoltaic modules according to the present invention, which shows another way of applying pressure to the front of the photovoltaic module;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test results of the lightweight photovoltaic module of the present invention, which shows the front side of the photovoltaic module being broken;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A bottom view of an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic assembly installation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A bottom view of an embodiment.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 101. Frame; 102. Laminate; 103. Stress dispersion member; 2. Bracket; 3. Bump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, as used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "including" may also be intended to include the plural forms. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and, therefore, specify the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may only be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply a sequence or order when used herein. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] For ease of description, spatial relative terms can be used in the text to describe the relationship of an element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, and these relative terms are, for example, "end", "length", "inside", "outside", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the mechanism in use or operation except the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the mechanism in the figure flips, the element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will then be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." can include the orientation on and below. The mechanism can be oriented in addition (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0048] With the demand for cost reduction of photovoltaic module technology and the continuous expansion of its application scope, large size and lightweight (portability, easy installation, etc.) have become a design trend of photovoltaic modules.

[0049] Lightweight photovoltaic modules often achieve weight reduction by reducing the thickness of the laminate 102 and the height of the frame 101, particularly by reducing the thickness of the glass. For example, for a two-square-meter photovoltaic module, every 1mm increase in glass thickness corresponds to an approximately 5kg increase in module weight. For a double-glass module with a 2mm+2mm design, the glass alone weighs 20kg. Therefore, reducing glass thickness can significantly reduce weight.

[0050] As a power generation device that operates outdoors for a long time, photovoltaic modules need to fully consider the product's airborne performance when used to cope with various extreme weather conditions that may occur during their life cycle. As a general requirement for photovoltaic modules, airborne requirements often need to reach 5400Pa on the front and 2400Pa on the back.

[0051] Photovoltaic modules are generally installed through brackets 2. In some related technologies, refer to Figure 1 In order to prevent the laminate 102 from breaking due to excessive bending under frontal pressure, a protrusion 3 is provided on the bracket 2 to reduce the bending deformation of the laminate 102, thereby reducing the risk of the laminate 102 breaking.

[0052] However, due to the reduction in thickness, the strength of the glass layer and the overall strength of the lightweight photovoltaic module will be significantly weakened, especially for single-glass modules (photovoltaic modules using glass layers on only one side), where the effect of strength weakening is more significant and the amplitude of bending deformation under unit force increases accordingly. Figure 1 The glass layer on the front side (or the light-facing side) is more likely to break when the glass layer is supported by the protrusion 3 shown.

[0053] The following combination Figures 2 to 9 , describing embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] First, in order to analyze the reasons, refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The present invention performs a loading test on a lightweight single-glass component without the protrusion 3 (that is, in the traditional installation method), wherein the single-glass component is installed by two brackets 2. Figure 2 The initial state and the compressed state of the single-glass component are shown (shown by dotted lines). Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The two different loading methods used in the test (driving element loading and sandbag loading) are shown. Figure 5 The front glass layer is shown to be broken.

[0055] After analysis, the present inventors determined that the primary cause of the breakage was uneven stress on the PV module. Specifically, the PV module bent under direct pressure. As the pressure increased, the deformation increased, eventually contacting and partially supporting the support 2. This caused uneven stress to form at the interface between the supported and unsupported areas of the laminate 102.

[0056] As the pressure increases, the contact surface between the photovoltaic module and the bracket 2 expands to both ends of the bracket 2, and the pressure on the contact surface also increases, which leads to an increase in the uneven force on the edge of the contact surface. At the same time, the edge of the contact surface along the length direction of the bracket 2 will also be accompanied by relatively serious uneven deformation, becoming a risk area ( Figure 2 、 Figure 5 Under the dual impact, cracks are likely to appear at corresponding locations on the front glass layer. Since the glass layers of photovoltaic modules are all tempered or semi-tempered glass, once a crack appears, the crack will quickly spread throughout the entire glass layer.

[0057] For similar reasons, Figure 1 In the illustrated support method, although the bumps 3 can provide support and support, reducing bending deformation in the supported area, the bumps 3 prevent the laminate 102 from contacting the bracket. Consequently, the pressure on the laminate 102 is concentrated at the contact surface between the bumps 3 and the laminate 102. This results in severe uneven force distribution at the interface between the supported and unsupported areas of the laminate 102, ultimately causing the front glass layer to shatter. Therefore, the implementation of this technology in lightweight photovoltaic modules is not ideal.

[0058] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 7、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a photovoltaic module is provided, including a frame 101, a laminate 102 and a stress dispersion member 103, the frame 101 is used to be installed on a support structure, the frame 101 encloses an installation space, the laminate 102 is arranged in the installation space, and includes a light-facing surface and a backlight surface, the stress dispersion member 103 is arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate 102, and its position corresponds to the position of the support structure, the stress dispersion member 103 is used to disperse the force acting on the laminate 102 by the support structure.

[0059] Under the action of pressure, the laminate 102 bends. As the pressure increases, the laminate 102 directly or indirectly contacts the support structure and transmits the pressure to the support structure. The support structure applies a reaction force to the laminate 102, so that the laminate 102 is supported.

[0060] By dispersing the force through the stress dispersion member 103, the maximum pressure can be reduced, thereby alleviating the uneven force between the supported and unsupported areas of the laminate 102 and reducing the risk of the front of the photovoltaic module being broken when under pressure.

[0061] Optionally, in some embodiments, the laminate 102 includes a stacked front glass layer, a cell layer, and a backsheet. The front glass layer is located on the light-facing side and has a thickness of 0.7 mm to 2.2 mm. In other words, the photovoltaic module is a single-glass module, thereby achieving a lightweight photovoltaic module. The addition of the stress dispersion member 103 can effectively reduce the risk of the front glass layer breaking.

[0062] For example, the positive glass layer may use 1.1 mm thick chemically tempered glass or 1.6 mm thick physically tempered glass.

[0063] Optionally, in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the support structure adopts a bracket 2 . In other embodiments not shown, the support structure may also adopt other designs, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0064] The photovoltaic assembly of the present invention is further described below by taking the support structure using the bracket 2 as an example.

[0065] In some embodiments, the bracket 2 extends in the length direction, and the stress dispersing member 103 is larger than the bracket 2 in the width direction of the bracket 2. By making the width of the stress dispersing member 103 larger than the width of the bracket 2, the force-bearing area of ​​the laminate 102 can be increased, thereby better dispersing the force.

[0066] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the stress dispersion member 103 includes a supporting plate, which extends along the length direction, and the length of the supporting plate is greater than or equal to 80% of the length of the bracket 2.

[0067] The support plate bends along with the laminate 102, replacing the laminate 102 in contact with the bracket 2. Figure 6 As shown, since the support plate has a certain rigidity, the force exerted locally by the bracket 2 on the support plate can be dispersed into the force exerted by the support plate as a whole on the laminate 102, thereby increasing the supported area of ​​the laminate 102 and reducing the pressure per unit area, so that the risk area is changed from the original S' to S located at both ends of the support plate.

[0068] Furthermore, the support plate can also prevent burrs or other defects on the surface of the bracket 2 from damaging the laminate 102 , thereby reducing the processing cost of the bracket 2 .

[0069] In some embodiments, the thickness of the support plate is 0.5 mm to 20 mm. On the one hand, a thickness of the support plate of not less than 0.5 mm can avoid the support plate being too thin, resulting in insufficient hardness and unsatisfactory force dispersion.

[0070] On the other hand, it is understandable that in the width direction of the bracket 2, the support plate will raise the corresponding area on the laminate 102, so that the deformation degree between the area supported by the support plate and other areas will be uneven. The thickness of the support plate is not more than 20 mm, which can avoid the uneven deformation caused by the thickness of the support plate being too thick, thereby increasing the risk of breakage.

[0071] The support plate can be made of metal, acrylic, glass, or composite material, as long as it provides the hardness and rigidity required to disperse the applied force. The present invention does not impose any limitations on the material. The support plate can be directly adhered to the laminate 102 using materials such as silicone, glue, or an adhesive buffer layer, allowing for flexible adjustment of the position of the support plate to accommodate different brackets 2 and simplifying installation.

[0072] At the same time, pasting can also avoid making mounting holes on the laminate 102, avoid damaging the integrity of the laminate 102, avoid forming stress concentration areas on the laminate 102, and reduce the risk of the laminate 102 breaking.

[0073] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the stress dispersion member 103 includes supporting blocks arranged in pairs, and the two supporting blocks in the pair are spaced apart in the length direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the laminate 102.

[0074] It can be understood that when the pressure is small (such as 1000Pa), although the middle part of the laminate 102 will contact the bracket 2, the force is not large and the degree of uneven force is not high, and there will be no breakage. Only when the pressure is large (such as 5000Pa), the laminate 102 will be at risk of breakage.

[0075] At the same time, as the pressure increases, the contact surface between the laminate 102 and the bracket 2 expands toward both ends of the bracket 2, and the boundary of the contact surface moves toward the side of the bracket 2 close to the frame 101. In other words, the location where the cracks occur is located in the area of ​​the bracket 2 close to the frame 101. The stress dispersion member 103 can only be set at the location where the laminate 102 may crack, while at other locations, the laminate 102 can directly contact the bracket 2. Therefore, using a support block for support can reduce the size and weight of the stress dispersion member 103 without affecting the stress dispersion effect, which helps to reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module. At this time, referring to Figure 8 , the support block and the bracket 2 jointly support the laminate 102.

[0076] Specifically, in some embodiments, the support block includes a first support surface and a second support surface, the first support surface is used to resist the laminate 102, and the second support surface is used to resist the bracket 2, the first support surface is inclined to the second support surface, and intersects with the second support surface on a side close to the center of the laminate 102.

[0077] The intersection of the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface can eliminate the gap between the contact surface of the laminate 102 and the bracket 2 and the contact surface of the laminate 102 and the supporting block, avoid uneven force in the gap, and reduce the risk of resulting breakage.

[0078] In some embodiments, the support block is made of an elastically deformable material (e.g., EVA / foam). The support block can compensate for deviations in the angle between the first and second support surfaces and the angle between the laminate 102 and the bracket 2 by deformation, thereby evenly applying support force to the laminate 102.

[0079] If the deformation capacity is sufficient, the support block can also be made of metal, other organic materials, or composite materials. In this case, hollowing can be used to improve the deformation capacity and reduce the material and weight. However, the hollow holes must avoid the first support surface to avoid uneven force on the hollow holes.

[0080] In some embodiments, the support block may be adhered to the laminate 102 , or, in other embodiments, the support block may be disposed on the frame 101 .

[0081] It should be noted that a pair of supporting blocks corresponds to one supporting structure. In a scenario where a photovoltaic module is installed through multiple supporting structures, the photovoltaic module correspondingly has multiple pairs of supporting blocks.

[0082] In some embodiments, the brackets 2 are parallel to the short sides of the frame 101, there are at least two brackets 2, and the distance between the two brackets 2 and the short sides of the frame 101 is 1 / 4 of the length of the long sides of the frame 101. Positioning the brackets 2 at the 1 / 4 position ensures that the forces acting on the laminate 102 located inside and outside the two brackets 2 are relatively evenly distributed, resulting in the laminate 102 deforming more closely to an arc shape, thereby improving the support provided by the brackets 2 to the stress dispersing member 103.

[0083] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a photovoltaic installation method, which uses the photovoltaic assembly provided by the present invention and includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S110: determining the installation position of the stress dispersion member 103 according to the position of the support structure, and assembling the photovoltaic module.

[0085] Obviously, for support structures of different specifications and photovoltaic modules of different specifications (such as the length, width and height of the frame 101), the contact form between the laminate 102 and the support structure will also change. It is necessary to select a suitable installation position of the stress dispersion component 103 for different scenarios to obtain a good stress dispersion effect.

[0086] Step S110 may be performed by the manufacturer of the photovoltaic modules before the photovoltaic modules leave the factory, or may be performed by the user of the photovoltaic modules when the photovoltaic modules are used on site, and the present invention does not impose any limitation on this.

[0087] The photovoltaic installation method uses the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, and therefore has the corresponding beneficial effects brought by the photovoltaic module, which will not be described in detail here.

[0088] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic installation method further includes step S120: installing the photovoltaic assembly on a supporting structure.

[0089] In some embodiments, determining the installation position of the stress dispersion member 103 according to the position of the support structure includes: performing a pressure test on the photovoltaic module to determine the risk area of ​​the photovoltaic module and making the stress dispersion member 103 cover the risk area.

[0090] Fragmentation will only occur when the pressure is too great, causing the local uneven stress to exceed the limit that the positive glass layer can withstand. By determining the risk area (the area prone to fragmentation), the setting position of the stress dispersion component 103 can be selected more specifically, thereby improving the accuracy of the installation position of the stress dispersion component 103, and helping to reduce the size of the stress dispersion component 103, thereby achieving lightweight photovoltaic modules.

[0091] For example, in some embodiments, the support structure is a bracket 2, and the pressure test includes:

[0092] Build a test bench corresponding to the support structure;

[0093] The photovoltaic module is installed on the test bench without providing the stress dispersion member 103;

[0094] Apply pressure to the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module, record the contact area between the backlight side and the test bench when the front glass layer breaks as the first contact area, and record the contact area between the backlight side and the test bench when the pressure reaches the rated pressure as the second contact area;

[0095] If the positive glass layer breaks before the pressure reaches the rated pressure, the two ends of the first contact area in the length direction of the bracket 2 and the part of the second contact area that does not overlap with the first contact area are used as risk areas;

[0096] If the positive glass layer breaks after the pressure reaches the rated pressure, the two ends of the second contact area in the length direction of the bracket 2 are used as risk areas.

[0097] Optionally, in other embodiments, the risk area may also be obtained through simulation calculation.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A frame (101) is used for being installed on a supporting structure, wherein the frame (101) encloses and forms an installation space; A laminate (102) is arranged in the installation space and includes a light-facing surface and a backlight surface; A stress dispersing member (103) is provided on the backlight surface of the laminate (102) and its position corresponds to the position of the support structure. The stress dispersing member (103) is used to disperse the force exerted by the support structure on the laminate (102).

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The supporting structure comprises a bracket (2), the bracket (2) extends in a length direction, and in a width direction of the bracket (2), the size of the stress dispersion member (103) is larger than the size of the bracket (2).

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that The stress dispersion member (103) comprises a supporting plate, the supporting plate extends along the length direction, and the length of the supporting plate is greater than or equal to 80% of the length of the bracket (2).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that The thickness of the supporting plate is 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stress dispersing member (103) comprises supporting blocks arranged in pairs, wherein the two supporting blocks in the pair are spaced apart in the length direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the laminate (102). The supporting block includes a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface, wherein the first supporting surface is used to abut against the laminate (102), and the second supporting surface is used to abut against the bracket (2), and the first supporting surface is inclined to the second supporting surface and intersects with the second supporting surface on a side close to the center of the laminate (102).

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting block is made of elastically deformable material.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (2) is parallel to the short side of the frame (101), the number of the brackets (2) is at least two, and the distance between the two brackets (2) and the short side of the frame (101) is 1 / 4 of the length of the long side of the frame (101).

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The laminate (102) comprises a front glass layer, a battery layer and a back plate which are stacked together. The front glass layer is located on the light-facing side, and the thickness of the front glass layer is 0.7 mm to 2.2 mm.

9. A photovoltaic installation method, characterized in that: The photovoltaic installation method uses the photovoltaic assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the photovoltaic installation method includes: The installation position of the stress dispersion member (103) is determined according to the position of the support structure, and the photovoltaic assembly is assembled.

10. The photovoltaic installation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Determining the installation position of the stress dispersion member (103) according to the position of the support structure comprises: performing a pressure test on the photovoltaic assembly to determine a risk area of ​​the photovoltaic assembly, and making the stress dispersion member (103) cover the risk area; Wherein, the supporting structure is a bracket (2), and the pressure test includes: Building a test bench corresponding to the support structure; Mounting the photovoltaic assembly on the test bench without providing the stress dispersion member (103); Applying pressure to the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic module, recording the contact area between the backlight surface and the test bench when the front glass layer breaks as a first contact area, and recording the contact area between the backlight surface and the test bench when the pressure reaches a rated pressure as a second contact area; If the positive glass layer breaks before the pressure reaches the rated pressure, the two ends of the first contact area in the length direction of the bracket (2) and the part of the second contact area that does not overlap with the first contact area are used as the risk areas; If the positive glass layer breaks after the pressure reaches the rated pressure, the two ends of the second contact area in the length direction of the bracket (2) are used as the risk areas.

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