Biomass fuel particle processing system and processing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of biomass fuel, in particular to a biomass fuel particle processing system and method.The biomass fuel particle processing system comprises a forming base with the upper end provided with a plurality of extrusion cavity holes, the lower end of each extrusion cavity hole extends to form a discharging hole penetrating through the forming base, the outer side of the forming base extends upwards to form a surrounding plate, and a door-shaped frame is fixed to the upper end of the surrounding plate; a lifting plate is arranged in the door-shaped frame in a lifting limiting sliding mode, a mounting plate is fixed to the lower end of the lifting plate, limiting rings are rotationally arranged at the positions, corresponding to the multiple extrusion cavity holes, of the mounting plate, extrusion shafts are fixed to the centers of the limiting rings, rhombic cone blocks are fixed to the lower ends of the extrusion shafts, and two stirring rods are arranged on each rhombic cone block in a penetrating sliding mode; and the two stirring rods are parallel to the corresponding extrusion shafts. Raw materials can be uniformly distributed in the extrusion cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomass fuel, and in particular to a biomass fuel particle processing system and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] Biomass refers to various organisms formed through photosynthesis using the atmosphere, water, and land. Broadly speaking, biomass includes all plants, microorganisms, animals that feed on plants and microorganisms, and their waste products. In a narrower sense, biomass primarily refers to materials such as straw, wood cellulose, waste from agricultural processing, agricultural and forestry waste, and livestock manure.

[0003] Biomass fuel is produced by mechanically extruding pretreated biomass feedstock. During the extrusion process, the feedstock is subjected to high pressure, causing physical and chemical changes in its internal components, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This causes the feedstock particles to bond with each other, forming a molded fuel with a certain strength and density. Existing extrusion equipment can cause uneven distribution of the feedstock within the extrusion chamber during extrusion of biomass feedstock, resulting in inconsistent density of the finished fuel, which can affect combustion performance and energy release efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a biomass fuel particle processing system and processing method, which can evenly distribute the raw materials in an extrusion cavity.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A biomass fuel particle processing system includes a forming seat with a plurality of extrusion cavity holes at the upper end, a discharge hole extending through the forming seat at the lower end of each extrusion cavity hole, an enclosure extending upward from the outer side of the forming seat, a door-shaped frame fixed to the upper end of the enclosure, a lifting plate sliding for lifting and limiting in the door-shaped frame, a mounting plate fixed to the lower end of the lifting plate, a limiting ring rotating at each position of the mounting plate corresponding to the plurality of extrusion cavity holes, an extrusion shaft fixed at the center of the limiting ring, a diamond-shaped cone block fixed to the lower end of the extrusion shaft, two stirring rods sliding through each diamond-shaped cone block, and the two stirring rods are arranged parallel to the corresponding extrusion shaft.

[0006] A spring I is provided between the upper end of each stirring rod and the corresponding limiting ring.

[0007] A protective tube is fixed on the limiting ring and is used to surround the spring I.

[0008] Rotating plates are symmetrically fixed to the lower ends of both sides of the door-shaped frame, and support shafts are passed through the two rotating plates for rotation, and supporting side plates are fixed to the outer ends of the two support shafts.

[0009] A power shaft is rotatably mounted on one of the supporting side plates, and the power shaft is meshed and transmission-connected with a rotating plate on the same side.

[0010] The outer side surface of the other rotating plate is evenly provided with multiple semicircular edges with the support shaft as the axis, and sharp teeth are fixed on the supporting side plates corresponding to the multiple semicircular edges. A spring II is provided between the rotating plate on the side where the power shaft is located and the supporting side plate.

[0011] A pointed plate is fixed between the two supporting side plates.

[0012] A center pin is fixed at the center of the lower end of the forming seat, a cutting disc rotates on the center pin, and the cutting disc is provided with multiple cutting holes corresponding to the discharge holes. A spring III is provided between the lower end of the center pin and the cutting disc.

[0013] An outer gear sleeve is fixed on the outer end of the cutting disc.

[0014] A processing method using the biomass fuel particle processing system includes: S1. Mix the raw materials of biomass fuel evenly and add them into the enclosure; S2, the transmission extrusion shaft drives the diamond cone block to rotate, and then the stirring rod on the diamond cone block rotates and stirs in the extrusion cavity hole, so that the raw materials in the extrusion cavity hole are evenly distributed; S3. Control the lifting plate to descend, so that the diamond cone block slides into the extrusion cavity, compresses the raw materials in the extrusion cavity to the discharge hole for molding and extrusion, and obtains biomass fuel particles.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The diamond-shaped cone blocks drive the stirring rod to rotate in the extrusion cavity, stirring the raw materials in the extrusion cavity, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of the raw materials in the extrusion cavity, and then ensuring consistent density of the fuel after molding, ensuring combustion effect and energy release efficiency; The cutting disc is driven to rotate by the transmission outer gear sleeve to cut the molding raw materials and obtain fuel particles with uniform size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the biomass fuel pellet processing system; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a biomass fuel particle processing system; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure supporting the side panels and the pointed plate. Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the biomass fuel pellet processing system; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the enclosure, forming seat, extrusion cavity hole and discharge hole; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the outer gear sleeve and the cutting disc; Figure 8It is a structural diagram of the lifting plate and the mounting plate; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit ring, the extrusion shaft and the diamond cone block; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring rod and spring I.

[0017] In the picture: Support side plate 101; pointed plate 102; support shaft 103; power shaft 104; spring II 105; pointed teeth 106; Rotating plate 201; semicircular edge 202; door frame 203; enclosure 204; forming seat 205; extrusion cavity hole 206; discharge hole 207; center pin 208; External gear sleeve 301; cutting disc 302; spring III 303; Lifting plate 401; mounting plate 402; limiting ring 403; extrusion shaft 404; diamond cone block 405; protective tube 406; stirring rod 407; spring I 408. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figure 1-10 As shown below, a detailed description of the biomass fuel pellet processing system: A biomass fuel particle processing system includes a forming seat 205 with a plurality of extrusion cavity holes 206 at the upper end, and a discharge hole 207 extending through the forming seat 205 at the lower end of each extrusion cavity hole 206. A surrounding plate 204 extends upward from the outer side of the forming seat 205, and a door-shaped frame 203 is fixed to the upper end of the surrounding plate 204. A lifting plate 401 is slidingly provided in the door-shaped frame 203 for lifting and limiting. A mounting plate 402 is fixed to the lower end of the lifting plate 401, and a limiting ring 403 is rotated at the corresponding positions of the plurality of extrusion cavity holes 206 on the mounting plate 402. An extrusion shaft 404 is fixed at the center of the limiting ring 403, and a diamond-shaped cone block 405 is fixed to the lower end of the extrusion shaft 404. Two stirring rods 407 slide through each diamond-shaped cone block 405, and the two stirring rods 407 are arranged parallel to the corresponding extrusion shaft 404.

[0019] By setting the enclosing plate 204, a space for holding the raw materials for processing biomass fuel is enclosed above the forming seat 205. The raw materials will enter the extrusion cavity 206 due to their own gravity. During processing, the lifting plate 401 is controlled to descend, and the lifting plate 401 will drive the limit ring 403 to descend through the mounting plate 402, and then drive the diamond cone block 405 into the extrusion cavity 206 through the extrusion shaft 404, and squeeze the raw materials in the extrusion cavity 206 toward the discharge hole 207. In the process of sliding toward the discharge hole 207, the raw materials are affected by the conical inner wall of the lower end of the extrusion cavity 206 and their volume is compressed. Under the action of this high pressure, the cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other components in the raw materials will undergo physical and chemical changes, so that the raw material particles are bonded to each other, forming a molded fuel with a certain strength and density that is extruded from the lower end of the discharge hole 207, thereby completing the fuel processing; Among them, the diamond-shaped cone block 405 is a diamond-shaped structure with pointed ends at the upper and lower ends and a cylindrical middle portion. The diameter of the cylindrical portion can intermittently match the inner wall diameter of the extrusion cavity 206, pushing the raw material in the extrusion cavity 206 downward. The lower end of the extrusion cavity 206 and the discharge hole 207 are connected to the conical surface structure, so that the raw material extruded inside the extrusion cavity 206 is gathered and compressed, and then extruded from the discharge hole 207. The structure of the pointed upper end of the diamond-shaped cone block 405 prevents the raw material from rising with the diamond-shaped cone block 405 when the diamond-shaped cone block 405 rises. The structure of the pointed lower end of the diamond-shaped cone block 405 facilitates the raw material to slide into the extrusion cavity 206 under its own gravity when the diamond-shaped cone block 405 rises and slides out of the extrusion cavity 206. A hydraulic cylinder or an electric telescopic rod is installed between the door frame 203 and the center of the lifting plate 401 to achieve the lifting and lowering of the lifting plate 401. At the same time, two sliding rods are vertically fixed in the door frame 203. The two sliding rods are slidably connected to the lifting plate 401, thereby forming a limit for the lifting plate 401, ensuring that the lifting plate 401 can only move up and down and slide, thereby ensuring that each diamond-shaped cone block 405 corresponds to each extrusion cavity hole 206. At the same time, by installing a micro motor on the lifting plate 401, the upper end of the extrusion shaft 404 is driven, so that the extrusion shaft 404 rotates on the mounting plate 402 through the limit ring 403, and drives the diamond cone block 405 to rotate, thereby driving the two stirring rods 407 to rotate, thereby stirring the raw materials, ensuring that the raw materials can be evenly distributed in the extrusion cavity 206, avoiding uneven distribution of raw materials, and affecting the quality of the extruded fuel. Among them, since the two stirring rods 407 are connected to the diamond cone block 405 in a through sliding manner, and the two stirring rods 407 are arranged parallel to the extrusion shaft 404, when the diamond cone block 405 descends for extrusion, the lower ends of the two stirring rods 407 press against the inner wall of the conical surface at the lower end of the extrusion cavity 206, and no longer slide down with the diamond cone block 405, so as not to affect the extrusion operation of the diamond cone block 405; The enclosure 204 is also a conical structure, which increases the space for holding raw materials and facilitates the raw materials to converge at the forming seat 205. The limiting ring 403 passes through the mounting plate 402, and limiting ring edges are provided at the upper and lower end surfaces of the mounting plate 402, thereby ensuring that the extrusion shaft 404 can move up and down with the mounting plate 402.

[0020] Further: In order to ensure that the lower end of the stirring rod 407 is always pressed against the conical inner wall of the lower end of the extrusion cavity 206, and to ensure the stirring effect on the raw materials in the extrusion cavity 206, a spring I 408 is provided between the upper end of each stirring rod 407 and the corresponding limit ring 403. The elastic force of the spring I 408 pushes the stirring rod 407 downward, thereby achieving the purpose of the lower end of the stirring rod 407 always pressing against the conical inner wall of the lower end of the extrusion cavity 206, and is not affected by the lifting and lowering movement of the diamond cone block 405.

[0021] Further: A protective tube 406 is fixed on the limiting ring 403 to surround the spring I 408 .

[0022] When the micro motor drives the extrusion shaft 404 to rotate the diamond cone block 405, the stirring rod 407 and spring I 408 on the diamond cone block 405 will rotate accordingly, which will cause the raw material to enter between the pitches of the spring I 408, thereby affecting the elastic use of the spring. Therefore, a protective tube 406 is provided to protect the spring I 408 to prevent the raw material from entering the spring I 408 and affecting the elastic use of the spring. At the same time, through the provision of the protective tube 406, when it rotates with the extrusion shaft 404, it can stir the raw material near it, increase the fluidity of the raw material, and facilitate the raw material to automatically flow into and fill the extrusion cavity 206 when the diamond cone block 405 rises.

[0023] like Figure 4-6 As shown: Rotating plates 201 are symmetrically fixed to the lower ends of both sides of the door-shaped frame 203 . Support shafts 103 are rotatably passed through the two rotating plates 201 . Support side plates 101 are fixed to the outer ends of the two support shafts 103 .

[0024] The two supporting side plates 101 pass through the two rotating plates 201 through the two supporting shafts 103 to form a support for the door-shaped frame 203, so that the lower end of the forming seat 205 can be away from the ground to form a suspended state. At this time, the forming seat 205 can be pushed to make the forming seat 205 swing around the two supporting shafts 103, thereby forming a swing of the raw materials inside the enclosure 204, increasing the fluidity of the raw materials, and ensuring that the raw materials can automatically flow into and fill the extrusion cavity 206 when the diamond cone block 405 rises, and cooperate with the stirring of the two stirring rods 407 to make the raw materials evenly distributed and ensure the quality of the fuel.

[0025] Further: A power shaft 104 is rotatably mounted on one of the supporting side plates 101 , and the power shaft 104 is meshed and transmission-connected with the rotating plate 201 on the same side.

[0026] A first motor is installed on the supporting side plate 101 to drive the power shaft 104. A gear is installed on the power shaft 104, and the gear is engaged with the arc-shaped teeth at the lower end of the rotating plate 201 for transmission connection, so that the rotating plate 201 can be driven by the first motor to drive the forming seat 205 to swing around the two supporting shafts 103, thereby forming a swing of the raw materials inside the enclosure 204.

[0027] Further: The outer side surface of the other rotating plate 201 is evenly provided with multiple semicircular edges 202 with the support shaft 103 as the axis, and sharp teeth 106 are fixed on the supporting side plate 101 corresponding to the multiple semicircular edges 202. A spring II 105 is provided between the rotating plate 201 on the side where the power shaft 104 is located and the supporting side plate 101.

[0028] The spring Ⅱ 105 is sleeved on the corresponding support shaft 103, pushing the rotating plate 201 to slide axially on the support shaft 103, so that the rotating plate 201 on the other side presses against the sharp teeth 106. When the power shaft 104 drives the rotating plate 201 to rotate back and forth, the rotating plate 201 on the other side will drive multiple semicircular edges 202 to contact the sharp teeth 106 in turn. When each semicircular edge 202 contacts the sharp teeth 106, it will squeeze the rotating plate 201 to slide on the support shaft 103, and then squeeze the spring Ⅱ 105. After the semicircular edge 202 passes the sharp teeth 106, the rotating plate 201 slides back on the support shaft 103 again, thereby forming a reciprocating movement of the rotating plate 201 on the support shaft 103, causing the raw materials in the enclosure 204 to vibrate, further improving the fluidity of the raw materials, and the uniformity of the raw materials in the extrusion cavity 206.

[0029] Further: By fixing the pointed plate 102 between the two supporting side plates 101 , the two supporting side plates 101 and the pointed plate 102 can form a conical guide channel, thereby facilitating the collection of fuel at both ends of the pointed plate 102 .

[0030] like Figure 5-7 As shown: A center pin 208 is fixed at the center of the lower end of the forming seat 205, and a cutting disc 302 rotates on the center pin 208. The cutting disc 302 is provided with multiple cutting holes corresponding to the discharge holes 207, and a spring III 303 is provided between the lower end of the center pin 208 and the cutting disc 302.

[0031] The elastic force of spring III 303 can push the cutting disc 302 to fit the lower end of the forming seat 205. When the cutting hole corresponds to the discharge hole 207, the fuel will pass through the cutting hole when it is extruded from the lower end of the discharge hole 207. After a certain length of fuel is extruded from the lower end of the discharge hole 207, the cutting disc 302 is rotated to cut the fuel, causing the fuel to be disconnected at the lower end of the discharge hole 207, thereby obtaining fuel particles of uniform size.

[0032] Further: An outer gear sleeve 301 is fixed to the outer end of the cutting disc 302 .

[0033] When the second motor drives the outer gear sleeve 301, the outer gear sleeve 301 drives the cutting disc 302 to rotate at a constant speed. When the lower end of the discharge hole 207 does not correspond to the cutting hole, the fuel squeezed out of the discharge hole 207 will squeeze the cutting disc 302, causing the cutting disc 302 to overcome the elastic force of the spring III 303 and slide up and down on the center pin 208. As the cutting disc 302 rotates, the cutting hole on the cutting disc 302 will correspond coaxially with the discharge hole 207. Under the influence of the elastic force of the spring III 303, the cutting disc 302 will quickly slide up on the center pin 208 to fit the lower end of the forming seat 205, and as the cutting disc 302 continues to rotate, the fuel is cut, and at the same time, the state in which the lower end of the discharge hole 207 does not correspond to the cutting hole is reached again. As a result, when the speed of the outer gear sleeve 301 driven by the second motor remains unchanged, the cutting disc 302 is reciprocated and lifted to complete the fuel cutting operation and obtain fuel particles of uniform size. At the same time, the size of the fuel particles can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the second motor driving the outer gear sleeve 301 .

[0034] like Figure 1-10 As shown: A processing method using the biomass fuel particle processing system includes: S1. Mix the raw materials of biomass fuel evenly and add them into the enclosure 204. The raw materials will enter the extrusion cavity 206 under the action of their own gravity; S2, the transmission extrusion shaft 404 drives the diamond cone block 405 to rotate, and then the stirring rod 407 on the diamond cone block 405 rotates and stirs in the extrusion cavity 206, so that the raw materials in the extrusion cavity 206 are evenly distributed; S3. Control the lifting plate 401 to descend, so that the diamond cone block 405 slides into the extrusion cavity 206, compresses the raw materials in the extrusion cavity 206 to the discharge hole 207 for molding and extrusion, and obtains biomass fuel particles.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel particle processing system, characterized by: It includes a forming seat with multiple extrusion cavity holes at the upper end, and a discharge hole extending through the forming seat at the lower end of each extrusion cavity hole. A surrounding plate extends upward from the outer side of the forming seat, and a door-shaped frame is fixed to the upper end of the surrounding plate. A lifting plate is sliding in the door-shaped frame for lifting and limiting. A mounting plate is fixed to the lower end of the lifting plate. Limiting rings are rotated at the corresponding positions of the multiple extrusion cavity holes on the mounting plate, and an extrusion shaft is fixed at the center of the limiting ring. A diamond-shaped cone block is fixed to the lower end of the extrusion shaft, and two stirring rods slide through each diamond-shaped cone block, and the two stirring rods are arranged parallel to the corresponding extrusion shaft.

2. A biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring I is provided between the upper end of each stirring rod and the corresponding limiting ring.

3. A biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective tube is fixed on the limiting ring and is used to surround the spring I.

4. The biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rotating plates are symmetrically fixed to the lower ends of both sides of the door-shaped frame, and support shafts are passed through the two rotating plates for rotation, and supporting side plates are fixed to the outer ends of the two support shafts.

5. The biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A power shaft is rotatably mounted on one of the supporting side plates, and the power shaft is meshed and transmission-connected with a rotating plate on the same side.

6. The biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the other rotating plate is evenly provided with multiple semicircular edges with the support shaft as the axis, and sharp teeth are fixed on the supporting side plates corresponding to the multiple semicircular edges. A spring II is provided between the rotating plate on the side where the power shaft is located and the supporting side plate.

7. The biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pointed plate is fixed between the two supporting side plates.

8. The biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A center pin is fixed at the center of the lower end of the forming seat, a cutting disc rotates on the center pin, and the cutting disc is provided with multiple cutting holes corresponding to the discharge holes. A spring III is provided between the lower end of the center pin and the cutting disc.

9. The biomass fuel particle processing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: An outer gear sleeve is fixed on the outer end of the cutting disc.

10. A processing method using a biomass fuel particle processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method includes S1. Mix the raw materials of biomass fuel evenly and add them into the enclosure; S2, the transmission extrusion shaft drives the diamond cone block to rotate, and then the stirring rod on the diamond cone block rotates and stirs in the extrusion cavity hole, so that the raw materials in the extrusion cavity hole are evenly distributed; S3. Control the lifting plate to descend, so that the diamond cone block slides into the extrusion cavity, compresses the raw materials in the extrusion cavity to the discharge hole for molding and extrusion, and obtains biomass fuel particles.

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