Powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device and process

Abstract

The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type material adding device comprises a supporting frame, a lifting table and a horizontal transverse positioning mechanism, a movable positioning plate is connected to the horizontal transverse positioning mechanism, a mounting frame is arranged on the movable positioning plate, and a forming module located above the lifting table is connected to the bottom of the movable positioning plate; the forming module comprises a barrel fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable positioning plate, a rotary pressing die coaxially and rotatably arranged in the barrel and a movable die assembly slidably arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the rotary pressing die in a sleeving mode, the movable die assembly is of a closed annular structure formed by sequentially adjoining a plurality of movable die single bodies, and each movable die single body can independently and vertically move; and a rotary driving mechanism, a pressurizing mechanism and an automatic feeding mechanism are fixedly arranged at the top of the mounting frame. According to the method, material adding and structure reconstruction are synchronously completed, the excellent effects of defect in-situ elimination and grain ultra-refining are achieved, the density and mechanical property of a component are remarkably improved, and dissimilar materials can be strongly combined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy manufacturing technology, and specifically relates to a powder point-by-point high-pressure torsional consolidation type material adding device and process. Background Art

[0002] Critical components in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace, military, and nuclear energy face extreme environmental challenges, including high pressure, corrosion, and electromagnetic interference, during combat, flight, and equipment operation. Any minor performance issues can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, improving the service reliability of critical, complex components in extreme environments is imperative. Traditional metal component manufacturing techniques (such as castings and forgings) present difficulties in forming complex structures. While additive manufacturing (AM) can significantly expand the complexity of formed components, existing AM technologies, mostly based on rapid heating and solidification liquid-phase AM (such as arc-fuse AM, plasma-fuse AM, and laser powder bed fusion AM), are prone to thermal defects such as coarse grains, high-melting-point brittle phase formation, and microvoids in the manufacture of components in extreme environments, as well as high residual stress and residual deformation, making them difficult to meet operational requirements. Therefore, the development of solid-phase AM technologies with low heat input, low residual stress, fine grain size, and excellent performance is urgently needed to overcome manufacturing bottlenecks in aerospace, nuclear energy, and other fields.

[0003] In the field of high-end equipment manufacturing, solid-phase additive manufacturing (SAM) technologies, such as those based on friction stir or diffusion bonding, have emerged as a promising technology due to their unique advantages. However, existing shortcomings severely hinder their further development and widespread application. Friction stir currently cannot directly produce a solidified block from powder without heating. Preheating is required, making SAM difficult to implement; complex components are difficult to form; and consolidation is poor. Regarding heat input and microstructure control, efficient powder consolidation and block bonding cannot be achieved at room temperature and low heat conditions, making it difficult to form a dense, ultrafine-grained structure. Layered, customized heterogeneous structures are difficult to control, hindering the production of ultra-strong and ultra-tough components. When mixing complex materials for additive manufacturing, the ability to manufacture metal combinations with widely varying melting points and the lack of powder mixing control methods hinder innovation in complex material components. Regarding mechanical property uniformity, it is difficult to eliminate undesirable textures, resulting in significant variability in component properties in all directions, making it impossible to meet the stringent requirements of the high-end market and poor reliability under complex operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The patent of this invention provides a powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device and process, which successfully breaks through the bottleneck of traditional manufacturing technology. The present invention integrates the material layer-by-layer addition capability of coaxial powder feeding deposition with the severe plastic deformation and ultrafine crystallization capability of high-pressure torsion in situ, so as to achieve the simultaneous completion of material addition and tissue reconstruction, and achieve the excellent effect of in-situ elimination of defects and ultrafine grains, significantly improving the density and mechanical properties of components, and can also strongly combine dissimilar materials to meet the application requirements of special material composite structures in aerospace, nuclear energy and other fields. At the same time, a progressive execution method is adopted, and point-by-point deposition and layer-by-layer torsion are carried out along the three-dimensional path of the component to accurately control the flow and deformation of the material, effectively solving the problem of uneven deformation of different parts of the specimen in the traditional overall torsion process, and greatly improving the uniformity of the tissue.

[0005] In addition, a special forming module was designed, integrating horizontal positioning, vertical feeding, and horizontal twisting mechanisms to achieve multifunctional integration. This allows for an orderly alternating feeding and compression and twisting process, eliminating gaps at deposition points and doubling efficiency. A multi-drive system, while simultaneously delivering powder via a screw, adjusts the number of compression and twisting turns and the twisting speed based on the target material properties, enabling on-demand customization and truly enabling fully programmable manufacturing of complex components, from geometry to microstructure.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device comprises a support frame, a lifting platform provided at the inner bottom of the support frame, and a horizontal transverse positioning mechanism provided at the top of the support frame. A movable positioning plate is fixedly connected to the top positioning output end of the horizontal transverse positioning mechanism. A mounting frame is fixedly provided on the top of the movable positioning plate. The bottom of the movable positioning plate is connected to a forming module located above the lifting platform. The forming die set includes a cylinder fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable positioning plate, a rotating die coaxially rotatably arranged in the cylinder, and a movable die assembly slidably sleeved on the outer side of the bottom end of the rotating die. The movable die assembly is composed of a plurality of movable die units adjacent to each other in sequence to form a closed annular structure, and each movable die unit can move vertically independently; A rotation driving mechanism for driving the rotary die to rotate horizontally, a pressurizing mechanism for driving the rotary die to lift vertically, and an automatic feeding mechanism located inside the rotary die are fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable mold assembly also includes a hoop tube coaxially sleeved on the outside of the rotating die and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cylinder body, the side wall of the hoop tube is provided with a guide groove corresponding to each movable mold unit, and the outer side wall of the movable mold unit is fixedly connected to a connecting rod movably arranged in the guide groove, and one end of the connecting rod located on the outside of the movable mold unit is fixedly connected to a connecting block, and a first spring is connected between the top surface of the connecting block and the bottom surface of the top wall of the hoop tube.

[0008] Furthermore, an annular cooling chamber is provided inside the rotating die, and a chamber sealing cover with a funnel structure is provided at the top of the cooling chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, a feed hopper is fixedly provided on the top of the mounting frame, and a discharge port at the bottom end of the feed hopper extends into the inner side of the top of the chamber sealing cover.

[0010] Furthermore, a horizontal and longitudinal positioning mechanism is provided at the bottom of the lifting platform, which drives the lifting platform to move horizontally and longitudinally, and the horizontal displacement direction of the lifting platform is perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the movable positioning plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotation drive mechanism includes a first drive motor fixedly arranged on one side of the top surface of the mounting frame, and a driven gear fixedly arranged on the outside of the top of the rotating die. The output shaft end of the first drive motor is fixedly connected to a driving gear that meshes with the driven gear.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure mechanism includes an annular lower pressure plate arranged on the outside of the top of the rotating die and located at the top of the driven gear, an annular upper top plate arranged on the outside of the top of the rotating die and located at the bottom of the driven gear, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame, the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the annular lower pressure plate, and a plurality of second springs are arranged between the bottom surface of the annular upper top plate and the top surface of the movable positioning plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the automatic feeding mechanism includes a second drive motor fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame, a spiral feeding rod fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the second drive motor and coaxially arranged in the rotating die, and the outer side surface of the spiral blade of the spiral feeding rod is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the rotating die.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom end of the spiral feeding rod is rotatably connected to the feeding port opening and closing block, and at least one vertically arranged sliding groove is provided on the outer wall of the feeding port opening and closing block. The bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating die is fixedly provided with a synchronous slider which is slidably embedded in the sliding groove. When the rotating die is in the lowest position, its bottom surface is flush with the bottom surface of the feeding port opening and closing block.

[0015] Furthermore, the feed port opening and closing block and the bottom surface of the rotating die are both provided with a wear-increasing structure.

[0016] A powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process is also provided, comprising the following steps: S1. Set the operating parameters of the equipment according to the forming characteristics of the metal powder to be processed; S2. Put enough metal powder to be processed into the automatic feeding mechanism, debug the automatic feeding mechanism until the metal powder is evenly fed out, and start the equipment; S3, the lifting platform rises until the forming operation reference surface contacts the bottom surface of the movable mold assembly; S4, the pressure mechanism drives the rotating die to rise, and the automatic feeding mechanism continuously feeds the material into the bottom forming cavity of the rotating die for a preset time, and then stops working; S5. The pressure mechanism drives the rotating die to move downward, and the rotation driving mechanism drives the rotating die to rotate in a predetermined direction at a preset speed, so that the rotating die applies a preset pressure and torque to the metal powder at the bottom; S6. After a single deposition point is subjected to twisting and pressing for a preset time, the lifting platform moves downward by a preset vertical distance, and the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism drives the forming module to move horizontally by a preset distance. Steps S4 and S5 are repeated to complete the twisting and pressing of the next deposition point. S7, repeating step S6 to complete the cross-connection of multiple deposition points to form a single layer of material; S8, the lifting platform moves down by the thickness of a single material layer, and steps S4 to S7 are repeated to form a new material layer on top of the formed material layer; S9. Repeat step S8 until the material layer reaches the preset number of layers, reset the equipment and stop, and remove the twisted and pressed part.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S6, after the single deposition point is twisted and formed for a preset time, the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism drives the forming module to move horizontally by a preset distance which is 1 / 5 to 4 / 5 of the outer contour size of the formed single deposition point.

[0018] Furthermore, before the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism drives the forming module to move horizontally, the side wall of the forming cavity is in an open state on the side opposite to the horizontal movement direction of the forming module.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S5, the preset twisting forming pressure is 2-10 GPa, and the rotation speed of the rotating die is further, the material of the metal powder at different deposition points of the same single layer of material is partially different or completely different.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides an automatic feeding mechanism within the rotating die, integrating the coaxial powder feeding deposition technology with the high-pressure torsion technology in situ. By adopting a process of layer-by-layer deposition of materials and multi-point cross-deposition of a single layer, defects such as pores and cracks existing in the overall large-scale torsion forming process can be eliminated during the torsion forming process, thereby refining the microstructure grains and improving the density. 2. Based on a three-dimensional digital model of the component, the present invention adopts a progressive execution strategy of "point-by-point cross-deposition twisting + layer-by-layer superposition deposition", which solves the problem of uneven deformation at the edges and center of the specimen in the overall large-scale torsion-compression forming process. The torsion-compression forming process can be completed at room temperature, with the advantages of low heat input and low residual stress. 3. The present invention provides a partially liftable movable die assembly on the outer side of the rotating die, integrating horizontal positioning, vertical feeding and horizontal twisting mechanisms, so that modular functions can be organically coordinated to achieve alternating operations of deposition point feeding and high-pressure twisting, eliminate deposition gaps, and improve forming efficiency. 4. The present invention utilizes a multi-drive programmable control system and a parameter partitioning control mechanism to realize screw powder feeding control and independent drive of the twisting head speed, meet the parameters such as the number of compression and twisting turns and pressure of different components, and can meet the point deposition and twisting forming of metal powders of different components, realize the spatial multi-point interwoven structure inside the sample, and realize precise control of full-scale performance from macro geometry to micro structure.

[0021] 5. The present invention forms complex alloy components by mixing powders / using different metal powders in each layer, which can achieve mechanical processing alloying of materials, and can achieve super-graining of the structure in local point areas through high-pressure torsion, thereby achieving high-strength bonding of heterogeneous materials, improving the service reliability of materials in extreme environments, and at the same time realizing the simplified forming of complex components, realizing the disruptive manufacturing capability of "printing, densifying, and strengthening at the same time". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the powder point-by-point high-pressure torsional consolidation additive device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic side view of the structure of the powder point-by-point high-pressure torsional consolidation additive device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mobile positioning frame and the functional components thereon in the tissue culture state; Figure 5 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mobile positioning frame and the functional components thereon in the tissue culture state; Figure 6 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the mobile positioning frame and the functional components thereon in the tissue culture state; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the AA position; Figure 8 This is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the forming module; Figure 9 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the forming module; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating die and the chamber sealing cover in an assembled state; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the cooperation state between the movable mold assembly and the previous deposition point during the forming process; Figure 12 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle C part; Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotation drive mechanism; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressurizing mechanism; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic feeding mechanism; Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part B; Figure 17 To correspond to Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the forming process of the powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process in the embodiment; Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a powder point-by-point high-pressure torsional consolidation additive device according to another embodiment; Figure 19 To correspond to Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the forming process of the powder point-by-point high-pressure torsional consolidation additive process in the embodiment.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Support frame; 2. Lifting platform; 3. Electric push cylinder; 301. Electric push cylinder mounting seat; 302. Guide column; 4. Horizontal and transverse positioning mechanism; 5. Movable positioning plate; 501. Mounting frame; 6. Forming die; 601. Cylinder; 602. Rotating die; 6021. Cooling chamber; 6022. Connecting ring disk; 603. Moving die assembly; 604. Chamber sealing cover; 605. Connecting rod; 606. Connecting block; 607. First spring; 608. Hoop; 6081. Guide notch; 609. Guide bolt; 610. Thrust shaft Bearing; 7. Rotation drive mechanism; 701. First drive motor; 702. Driven gear; 703. Driving gear; 8. Pressurizing mechanism; 801. Annular lower pressure plate; 802. Annular upper top plate; 803. Hydraulic cylinder; 804. Second spring; 805. Guide rod; 9. Automatic feeding mechanism; 901. Second drive motor; 902. Spiral feeding rod; 903. Feed hopper; 904. Motor mounting bracket; 905. Feed port opening and closing block; 906. Synchronous slider; 907. Connecting nut cap; 10. Horizontal and longitudinal positioning mechanism; 11. Base plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed to the other component or there may be a central component.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] See attached Figures 1 to 3 , a powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device, comprising a support frame 1, a lifting platform 2 arranged at the inner bottom of the support frame 1 and a horizontal transverse positioning mechanism 4 arranged at the top of the support frame 1. Among them, the support frame 1 is welded by a metal base frame at the bottom, columns located on both sides of the top surface of the metal base frame and a crossbeam located on the top of the column. The metal base frame, the columns and the crossbeam are all made of square steel profiles. An electric push cylinder mounting seat 301 is provided at the center of the top surface of the metal base frame. An electric push cylinder 3 driven by a servo motor is fixedly installed in the electric push cylinder mounting seat 301. The output shaft of the electric push cylinder 3 is vertically upward, and the end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting platform 2. In this embodiment, the resolution of the electric push cylinder 3 is 0.01 mm, the rated pushing force is 2.5 kN, and the top surface of the lifting platform 2 is used as the working surface for the compression and torsion forming operation. In this way, the lifting platform 2 can be driven to rise and fall vertically by the electric push cylinder 3, and the height of the lifting platform 2 can be accurately adjusted, thereby realizing the position adjustment between the top surface of the lifting platform 2 and the forming module 6 to meet the forming needs of each layer of deposition points. At the same time, a guide column 302 located between the columns is fixedly set between the metal base frame and the crossbeam. The four corners of the lifting platform 2 are set on the outside of the guide column 302 through linear bearing sleeves, thereby guiding the lifting movement of the lifting platform 2 to keep the lifting platform 2 stable. The horizontal lateral positioning mechanism 4 is composed of a lateral linear module driven by a servo motor, a lateral slide rail and a lateral slider. The lateral linear module and the lateral slide rail are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the two crossbeams in parallel with each other and fixedly connected by bolts. The lateral slider is slidably set on the lateral slide rail.

[0028] The top positioning output end of the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to a movable positioning plate 5, a mounting frame 501 is fixedly provided on the top of the movable positioning plate 5, and the bottom of the movable positioning plate 5 is connected to a forming module 6 located above the lifting platform 2. Figures 4 to 7 Specifically, the bottom surface of the movable positioning plate 5 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the nut block of the horizontal linear module and the top surface of the horizontal slide by bolts. The mounting frame 501 is arched, and its bottom two sides are fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable positioning plate 5 by bolts. In this way, through the drive of the horizontal linear module and the guidance of the horizontal slide rail, the movable positioning plate 5 and the mounting frame 501 thereon and the forming module 6 can be moved horizontally ( Figure 1 Smooth, synchronized movement and precise positioning in the X direction (as shown in the figure).

[0029] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the forming die set 6 includes a cylinder 601 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the movable positioning plate 5, a rotating die 602 coaxially rotatably mounted inside the cylinder 601, and a movable die assembly 603 slidably mounted on the outside of the bottom end of the rotating die 602. Specifically, a connecting flange is integrally provided on the outside of the top end of the cylinder 601 and is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable positioning plate 5 by screws. The bottom end of the rotating die 602 protrudes below the bottom surface of the cylinder 601. Figure 7 As shown, a thrust bearing 610 is embedded in the cylinder 601, and a shoulder is provided at the bottom of the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating die 602. The bottom section of the rotating die 602 is inserted into the upper thrust washer of the thrust bearing 610 and vertical positioning is achieved through the shoulder. The outer wall of the rotating die 602 and the inner wall of the upper thrust washer are clearance-matched, so that the rotating die 602 can be rotated and assembled in the cylinder 601, and the cylinder 601 can be freely raised and lowered relative to the cylinder 601 in the vertical direction.

[0030] Preferably, an annular cooling chamber 6021 is provided inside the rotating die 602, and a chamber sealing cover 604 with a funnel structure is provided at the top of the cooling chamber 6021. Figure 10As shown, the rotating die 602 is a hollow cylindrical structure that runs through from top to bottom. The hollow portion serves as a feed channel for the metal powder to be processed. A cooling chamber 6021 is coaxially defined within the annular sidewall of the rotating die 602. This ensures that the wall thickness inside and outside the cooling chamber 6021 is the same, resulting in relatively uniform heat dissipation. Furthermore, the vertical height of the sidewall inside the cooling chamber 6021 is lower than that of the sidewall outside the cooling chamber 6021. The bottom end face of the sidewall of the chamber sealing cover 604 aligns with the top end face of the sidewall inside the cooling chamber 6021. A connecting flange is integrally provided on the outer side of the top end face of the sidewall of the chamber sealing cover 604. The bottom surface of the connecting flange overlaps the top end face of the sidewall outside the cooling chamber 6021 (i.e., the top surface of the rotating die 602) and is secured by screws. In this manner, the cooling chamber 6021 below the chamber sealing cover 604 forms a sealed cavity. Preferably, a rubber sealing gasket is provided at the contact position between the chamber sealing cover 604 and the rotating die 602 to enhance the sealing effect and prevent the cooling water from leaking from the contact position into the feed channel or overflowing onto other structural components of the forming module 6 .

[0031] A water outlet and a water inlet are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the outer wall of the closed cavity. Cooling water from the water-cooling circulation system is fed in through the water inlet to timely absorb the heat generated by the compression-twist forming process at the bottom of the rotating die 602, and then flows upward from the water outlet back to the water-cooling circulation system. In this way, the operating part at the bottom of the rotating die 602 can be kept in a better performance state, especially avoiding the heat generated by the compression-twist forming operation of the rotating die 602 from being conducted upward, thereby ensuring that the hollow part of the rotating die 602, i.e. the feed channel, maintains a stable non-high temperature state. The fluidity of the metal powder to be processed in the feed channel can be well guaranteed during the entire additive manufacturing process, especially for fine powder.

[0032] The chamber sealing cover 604 has a funnel-shaped structure, with the inner diameter of its top cylindrical tube larger than the bottom inner diameter of its bottom conical tube. The top end of the cylindrical tube protrudes above the top surface of the mounting frame 501, facilitating the feeding of metal powder to be processed. To this end, a through-hole is provided in the top surface of the mounting frame 501, and the diameter of this through-hole is preferably selected to not hinder the free rotation of the rotating die 602 and the chamber sealing cover 604. Furthermore, the bottom inner diameter of the bottom conical tube is no larger than the inner diameter of the feed channel, ensuring that metal powder fed into the chamber sealing cover 604 can fully enter the feed channel.

[0033] The movable mold assembly 603 is composed of several movable mold units that are adjacent to each other in sequence to form a closed ring structure, and each movable mold unit can move vertically independently. Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the preferred number of movable mold units is 12, and the specifications of each movable mold unit are the same, that is, the central angle corresponding to the cross-sectional sector of each movable mold unit is 360° / 12=30°, and the 12 movable mold units are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the horizontal movement direction of the rotating die 602. In this way, after completing the compression and twisting forming of the previous deposition point, when the rotating die 602 moves horizontally by a preset horizontal offset distance and is again in the forming position of the next deposition point, since the planar areas where the two deposition points are located are partially crossed, the bottom end of the movable mold unit at the rear end overlaps the top surface of the previous formed deposition point, and the remaining movable mold units are surrounded by the side surfaces of the previous formed deposition point to form a new closed loop, thereby forming a new forming chamber between the bottom surface of the rotating die 602 and the top surface of the lifting platform 2 / the top surface of the lower material layer, as shown in FIG. Figure 11 Obviously, in this embodiment, the number of movable mold units is 12, and the specifications of each movable mold unit are the same. This is designed based on the manufacturing cost and replaceability of each movable mold unit and the function that the movable mold assembly 603 can realize point-by-point deposition in all directions. In other application scenarios, the number of movable mold units can be set according to actual conditions, and the specifications of the movable mold units can also be different. For example, if the direction of point-by-point deposition is a unidirectional straight line, the six movable mold units corresponding to the front side of the moving direction of the rotating mold 602 can be designed as an integrated structure and fixedly connected to the cylinder 601.

[0034] like Figure 12 As shown, the movable mold assembly 603 also includes a hoop 608 that is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the rotating mold 602 and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cylinder 601. The side wall of the hoop 608 is provided with a guide slot 6081 corresponding to each movable mold unit. The outer side wall of the movable mold unit is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 605 that is movably set in the guide slot 6081. The end of the connecting rod 605 located on the outside of the movable mold unit is fixedly connected to a connecting block 606. A first spring 607 is connected between the top surface of the connecting block 606 and the bottom surface of the top wall of the hoop 608.

[0035] Specifically, the top of the hoop 608 is integrally provided with a connecting flange, which is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cylinder 601 via bolts. The inner diameter of the hoop 608 matches the outer diameter of the movable mold assembly 603, and the outer diameter of the bottom end of the rotating die 602 matches the inner diameter of the movable mold assembly 603, thereby achieving radial positioning of the movable mold assembly 603. The guide slot 6081 is a vertically arranged waist-shaped slot. The connecting rod 605 is a cylindrical polished rod with a diameter matching the slot width of the waist-shaped slot. One end of the rod has a threaded end that is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the movable mold unit. The outer end of the rod has a non-circular cross-section plug connector structure. The inner side of the connecting block 606 has a plug hole that matches this plug connector structure. Through the plug-in connection between the plug hole and the plug connector, the connecting block 606 can be assembled on the connecting rod 605 in a non-rotatable and removable manner. The outer end of the connecting block 606 is provided with a bolt hole, into which a guide bolt 609 is mounted. The connecting end of the guide bolt 609 is threadedly connected to the bottom surface of the top connecting flange of the hoop 608. The first spring 607 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide bolt 609 to prevent the first spring 607 from bending during expansion and contraction. In the non-operating state, the first spring 607 is in a free or compressed state, causing the connecting rod 605 to be located at the lowest end of the guide slot 6081. In this state, the bottom surface of the annular closed structure of the movable mold assembly 603 is located below the bottom surface of the rotating die 602. When the bottom surface of the movable mold assembly 603 contacts the top surface of the lifting platform 2, a compression-torsion forming cavity is formed below the bottom surface of the rotating die 602.

[0036] Preferably, to monitor the material temperature during deposition, at least one infrared thermal imager is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hoop 608, located between two adjacent connecting blocks 606. The infrared thermal imager has a resolution of 320×240 pixels and is positioned vertically downward near the top surface of the deposition point. Real-time thermal images are captured to monitor the working surface temperature and assist in debugging process parameters.

[0037] A rotation driving mechanism 7 for driving the rotary die 602 to rotate horizontally, a pressurizing mechanism 8 for driving the rotary die 602 to rise and fall vertically, and an automatic feeding mechanism 9 located inside the rotary die 602 are fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame 501 .

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 13As shown, in this embodiment, the rotation drive mechanism 7 includes a first drive motor 701 fixedly mounted on one side of the top surface of the mounting frame 501, and a driven gear 702 fixedly mounted on the top outer side of the rotating die 602. The output shaft end of the first drive motor 701 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 703 that meshes with the driven gear 702. Specifically, a connecting ring disk 6022 is integrally provided on the top outer side of the rotating die 602. The middle portion of the driven gear 702 is a hollow structure. The driven gear 702 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the rotating die 602 and located above the connecting ring disk 6022. The end face of the driven gear 702 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring disk 6022 by screws, so that the rotating die 602 can rotate synchronously with the driven gear 702. During the metal powder filling stage before torsion forming, the rotating die 602 needs to move vertically a certain distance to temporarily increase the space at its bottom to allow the metal powder to be fully filled, and then move downward to apply pressure to the metal powder for torsion forming. Therefore, the driven gear 702 will rise and fall synchronously with the rotating die 602 during this process. To ensure that the driven gear 702 and the driving gear 703 maintain an accurate meshing relationship, the axial thickness (tooth width) of the driving gear 703 is greater than the axial thickness of the driven gear 702, and the thickness difference is no less than the lifting distance of the rotating die 602 / driven gear 702.

[0039] Obviously, the rotation driving mechanism 7 can also adopt other power mechanisms with continuous output rotation driving power, such as a belt transmission mechanism, a chain rotation mechanism, a crank connecting rod mechanism, a gear rack, etc.

[0040] like Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism 8 includes an annular lower pressing plate 801 disposed on the outside of the top of the rotating die 602 and located on the top of the driven gear 702, an annular upper plate 802 disposed on the outside of the top of the rotating die 602 and located at the bottom of the driven gear 702, a hydraulic cylinder 803 is fixedly disposed on the top of the mounting frame 501, the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder 803 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular lower pressing plate 801, and a plurality of second springs 804 are disposed between the bottom surface of the annular upper plate 802 and the top surface of the movable positioning plate 5. Specifically, two hydraulic cylinders 803 are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the rotating die 602. In this way, the two hydraulic cylinders 803 synchronously output hydraulic pressure, which can drive the annular lower pressing plate 801 to move downward smoothly, thereby providing a vertically stable downward pressure on the rotating die 602. By adjusting the output force of the hydraulic cylinder 803, the downward pressure of the rotating die 602 on the metal powder at its bottom can be correspondingly adjusted. Several (3 in this embodiment) circumferentially evenly distributed guide rods 805 are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the annular upper top plate 802. The bottom ends of the guide rods 805 are movable and penetrate the movable positioning plate 5. The second spring 804 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rods 805.

[0041] When hydraulic cylinder 803 pushes driven gear 702 / rotating die 602 downward via annular lower platen 801, driven gear 702 pushes annular upper platen 802 and guide rod 805 downward synchronously, compressing second spring 804 to accumulate energy until rotating die 602 reaches its lowest position, completing the torsional forming process of the metal powder. After the torsional forming process is complete, the two hydraulic cylinders 803 work in reverse, lifting annular lower platen 801 upward. The restoring force of second spring 804 pushes annular upper platen 802 upward to reset. The annular upper platen 802, in turn, pushes driven gear 702 upward, causing rotating die 602 to move upward and reset. At this point, the vertical distance between the bottom surface of rotating die 602 and the bottom surface of movable die assembly 603 increases, increasing the volume of the bottom forming cavity. This volume increase corresponds to the volume reduction of the metal powder after torsional forming, resulting in the final formed part. Preferably, in order to prevent the annular upper plate 802 from interfering with the driving gear 703 during the lifting process, an arc-shaped notch is provided on the outer edge of the annular upper plate 802 on the side close to the driving gear 703 so that the driving gear 703 can slide through the arc-shaped notch.

[0042] Further preferably, a pressure sensor is provided on the bottom surface of the annular lower pressure plate 801 for real-time monitoring of the pressure applied to the rotating die 602 and feeding back the detected value to the control system of the device. The control system compares the actual detected pressure value with the set target value, thereby adjusting the output force of the hydraulic cylinder 803 so that the detected value is ultimately stabilized at the target value, thereby achieving closed-loop control. Simultaneously, a torque sensor is provided between the outer wall of the rotating die 602 and the inner wall of the cylinder 601 for detecting the actual torque value of the rotating die 602 and feeding back the detected value to the control system of the device. The control system compares the actual detected torque value with the set target value, thereby adjusting the output torque of the first drive motor 701 so that the detected value is ultimately stabilized at the target value, thereby achieving closed-loop control.

[0043] Obviously, the pressurizing mechanism 8 can also adopt other power mechanisms with continuous output linear driving power, such as electric push cylinder, crank slider, gear rack, cam connecting rod, etc.

[0044] like Figure 15As shown, the automatic feeding mechanism 9 includes a second drive motor 901 fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame 501, and a screw feed rod 902 fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the second drive motor 901 and coaxially mounted within the rotating die 602. The outer surface of the spiral blade of the screw feed rod 902 is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface (the inner wall of the feed channel) of the rotating die 602. Specifically, the top of the mounting frame 501 is fixedly connected to the motor mounting frame 904 via bolts. The second drive motor 901 is fixedly mounted on the top of the motor mounting frame 904, and its output shaft is arranged vertically downward and coaxially with the rotating die 602. The output shaft is transmission-connected to the top of the screw feed rod 902 via a coupling. The second drive motor 901 is a servo motor, which can precisely control the number of revolutions of the screw feed rod 902, thereby accurately controlling the volume of the metal powder fed. The outer surface of the spiral blades slides in contact with the inner wall of the rotating die 602, thereby achieving coaxial positioning of the spiral feed rod 902 within the rotating die 602 without interfering with the horizontal rotation of the rotating die 602. This also prevents the metal powder from directly falling from the top to the bottom of the feed channel. Preferably, a feed hopper 903 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame 501. The bottom outlet of the feed hopper 903 extends into the inner side of the top of the chamber sealing cover 604 (i.e., located inside the top of the feed channel). This allows for convenient feeding of metal powder from the very top of the device.

[0045] Since the bottom end of the feed channel in the rotating die 602 needs to be in an open and continuous state during the metal powder feeding stage before the twisting and pressing forming, and the bottom end of the feed channel needs to be in a closed state during the twisting and pressing forming stage, it can prevent the metal powder in the feed channel from continuing to fall and provide a cavity surface for the forming area corresponding to the bottom end of the feed channel. Therefore, in this embodiment, the bottom end of the spiral feeding rod 902 is rotatably connected to the feed port opening and closing block 905. Specifically, as Figure 16 As shown, the bottom of the feed port opening and closing block 905 is a truncated cone structure. The outer diameter of the truncated cone is the same as the inner diameter of the feed channel. The top surface of the truncated cone is integrally provided with a shaft, and the top end of the shaft is integrally provided with a rotating joint with a spherical structure. A spherical groove matching the spherical structure is provided on the bottom surface of the rod body of the screw feed rod 902. The rotating joint can be rotatably inserted into the spherical groove. The outer movable sleeve of the rotating joint and the shaft is provided with a connecting nut cap 907. The connecting nut cap 907 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the rod body of the screw feed rod 902, so that the screw feed rod 902 can be rotatably connected to the bottom end of the screw feed rod 902. Obviously, other rotating connection methods can also be used to achieve the same rotating connection effect.

[0046] At least one (four in this embodiment) vertically arranged sliding groove is provided on the outer wall (outer circumferential surface of the frustum) of the feed port opening and closing block 905, and a synchronous slider 906 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating die 602 and is slidably embedded in the sliding groove. During the metal powder feeding stage before torsion forming, the output rod of the hydraulic cylinder 803 is in a retracted state. At this time, the rotating die 602 is in the highest position of its lifting stroke in the vertical direction, that is, the bottom surface of the rotating die 602 is above the conical surface of the frustum, and the bottom end of the feeding channel is in an open state (the inner top end of the synchronous slider 906 and the bottom end of the slide are kept in an interlocking state). In the process of the second driving motor 901 driving the spiral feeding rod 902 to rotate for continuous feeding of the metal powder, the metal powder falls from the spiral blade up and down, and is evenly scattered around through the conical surface of the frustum into the forming chamber at the bottom of the rotating die 602; in the torsion forming stage after the feeding is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 803 drives the rotating die 602 to gradually move downward, and the synchronous slider 906 gradually moves upward relative to the slide, thereby gradually increasing the degree of interlocking between the two. As the rotating die 602 gradually moves downward, the rotating drive mechanism 7 also drives the rotating die 602 to rotate continuously. Under the forming pressure, the metal powder located below the bottom surface of the rotating die 602 in the forming chamber naturally fills the middle area of ​​the forming chamber (the area below the feed port opening and closing block 905). Through the cooperation of the synchronous slider 906 and the slide groove and the rotational connection relationship between the feed port opening and closing block 905 and the spiral feeding rod 902, the feed port opening and closing block 905 and the rotating die 602 can always maintain a synchronous rotation relationship, thereby realizing the synchronous compression and twisting forming of the entire area of ​​the top of the metal material in the entire compression and twisting forming chamber; when the hydraulic cylinder 803 drives the rotating die 602 to move downward to the lowest position, its bottom surface is flush with the bottom surface of the feed port opening and closing block 905, and then the top surface of the metal material can be subjected to overall twisting and forming and trimming.

[0047] Preferably, a friction-enhancing structure is provided on the bottom surface of the feed opening and closing block 905 and the rotating die 602. The friction-enhancing structure includes, but is not limited to, a wavy surface, mesh stripes, spherical protrusions, and the like, to enhance the torsional force of the die surface on the metal material surface during rotation, thereby enhancing the overall toughness of the formed part surface.

[0048] A powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process is also provided, which is applied to Figure 1 When the powder is placed on the high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device, as shown in the figure, Figure 18 As shown, the following steps are included: S1. Set the operating parameters of the equipment according to the forming characteristics of the metal powder to be processed.

[0049] To ensure smooth, automatic quantitative feeding of metal powder and the quality of formed parts, the metal powder to be processed must be strictly pre-processed. A suitable substrate (fixed on or embedded in the top surface of lift platform 2, serving as the forming attachment reference surface for the deposition point) must be selected. Mechanical polishing and chemical cleaning are used to remove impurities that could affect the bonding of the materials at the deposition point. Material composition and properties must also be tested. Forming-related structures such as the forming module 6, lift platform 2, and substrate must also be cleaned, and the working environment maintained to ensure processing quality. Parameters such as pressure, torque, and speed are precisely calibrated, and specific operating parameters are set for each metal powder to be processed, based on its characteristics and the requirements of the forming process.

[0050] S2. Put enough metal powder to be processed into the automatic feeding mechanism 9, debug the automatic feeding mechanism 9 until the metal powder is evenly fed out, and start the equipment.

[0051] Under the condition that the feeding capacity (feeding volume per unit time) of the automatic feeding mechanism 9 is determined, for metal powders with different material compositions, the volume change ratios before and after compression and torsion forming are not the same. Therefore, for each deposition point of the same layer of deposition material, in order to ensure that the vertical height of each deposition point is consistent after torsion and torsion forming, for metal powders with the same material composition, the volume of material fed into the forming position of each deposition point is a fixed value, while for metal powders with different material compositions, the volume of material fed into the forming position needs to be adjusted accordingly.

[0052] S3, the lifting platform 2 rises until the forming operation reference surface contacts the bottom surface of the movable mold assembly 603. Specifically, the top surface of the substrate that matches the metal material of the selected bottom material layer is used as the forming operation reference surface. The positioning of the forming operation reference surface is detected by setting a proximity switch (such as a Hall proximity switch or a photoelectric proximity switch) on any component of the forming mold assembly 6, or by setting a pressure sensor or a travel switch on the bottom of the movable mold unit. The contact position of the forming operation reference surface and the bottom surface of the movable mold assembly 603 is vertical ( Figure 1 The zero starting processing position in the Z-axis direction is shown in the figure), and then the subsequent lifting and positioning of the lifting platform 2 is accurately controlled by the electric push cylinder 3 at the bottom.

[0053] S4: The pressurizing mechanism 8 drives the rotating die 602 upward, and the automatic feeding mechanism 9 continuously feeds material into the bottom forming cavity of the rotating die 602 for a preset duration, then stops. As previously mentioned, after the pressurizing mechanism 8 drives the rotating die 602 upward, the volume of the bottom forming cavity increases to ensure sufficient powder filling (the filling is in a loose state, with a volume greater than the volume in the compressed state after twisting and pressing). This also opens the bottom end of the feed channel to facilitate material discharge. The metal powder materials at different deposition points within the same single material layer can be partially or completely different, achieving cross-deposition formation of a single material or a composite material interwoven structure. For metal powders of a defined composition (pure material or mixed material), the volume compression ratio before and after twisting and pressing is fixed. To ensure the same thickness at each twisting and pressing deposition point, a preset single feed volume must be calculated based on the compression ratio. Then, by precisely controlling the feeding time of the automatic feeding mechanism 9 (with a fixed feed volume per unit time), the total single feed volume can be kept within a reasonable threshold.

[0054] S5: Pressurizing mechanism 8 drives rotating die 602 downward, while rotary drive mechanism 7 drives rotating die 602 in a predetermined direction at a preset rotational speed. Rotating die 602 applies a predetermined pressure and torque to the metal powder at its base. The bottom surface of rotating die 602 applies torsional pressure to the top of the metal powder, achieving "single-point" extrusion forming. For example, using a single metal powder (e.g., pure aluminum (Al), pure titanium (Ti), or an aluminum-titanium alloy (e.g., Al-Mg-Ti) or a mixed powder of multiple metal powders, the preset torsional pressure is 2-10 GPa, the rotating die rotation speed is 0.5-5 rad / min, and the number of rotations per single cycle is 0.5-2.

[0055] S6. After a single deposition point is twisted and formed for a preset time, the lifting platform 2 moves down a preset vertical distance, and the horizontal and lateral positioning mechanism 4 drives the forming module 6 to move horizontally a preset distance, and repeats steps S4 and S5 to complete the twisting and forming of the next deposition point. The lifting platform 2 moves down a preset vertical distance that is not less than the vertical height of the single deposition point of this layer, so that the deposition point can be completely removed from the forming chamber. Preferably, after a single deposition point is twisted and formed for a preset time, the horizontal and lateral positioning mechanism 4 drives the forming module 6 to move horizontally a preset distance that is 1 / 5 to 4 / 5 of the outer contour size of the formed single deposition point, so that the forming areas of the two deposition points are partially crossed, so that the deposition points formed twice before and after are connected as one.

[0056] Preferably, when the intersection and overlap area of ​​the next deposition point and the previous deposition point is greater than 1 / 2, that is, the horizontal offset distance is less than 1 / 2 of the lateral dimension of the deposition point, since the bottom end of the movable mold unit on the rear side is always overlapped on the top surface of the previous deposition point, that is, before the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism 4 drives the forming module 6 to move horizontally, the side wall of the forming cavity is in an open state on the side opposite to the horizontal movement direction of the forming module 6 (that is, the positive direction of the X-axis). In this case, the lifting platform 2 does not need to move downward, and the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism 4 drives the forming module 6 to move horizontally directly, and the formed deposition point can be directly removed from the forming cavity from the opening on the rear side.

[0057] S7, repeat step S6 to complete the cross-connection forming of multiple deposition points, forming a single layer of material with a single row structure, and realizing the forming process of "connecting points into lines". Figure 17 The figure shows the outline of the forming points when the forming intersection area of ​​two adjacent deposition points is 1 / 2.

[0058] S8. The lifting platform 2 moves down by the thickness of a single material layer, and repeats steps S4 to S7 to form a new material layer on top of the formed material layer.

[0059] S9. Repeat step S8 until the material layer reaches the preset number of layers, reset the equipment and stop, and remove the twisted and pressed part.

[0060] like Figure 18 As shown, in another embodiment, a horizontal longitudinal positioning mechanism 10 is further provided at the bottom of the lifting platform 2. The horizontal longitudinal positioning mechanism 10 is mounted on a base plate 11, and the base plate 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the output rod of the electric push cylinder 3. The horizontal longitudinal positioning mechanism 10 comprises a longitudinal linear module driven by a servo motor, a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal slider. The longitudinal linear module and the longitudinal slide rail are respectively arranged on both sides of the top surface of the base plate 11 in parallel with each other and are fixedly connected by bolts. The longitudinal slider is slidably arranged on the longitudinal slide rail, and the bottom surface of the lifting platform 2 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the nut block of the longitudinal linear module and the top surface of the longitudinal slider by bolts. In this way, the lifting platform 2 can be moved horizontally and longitudinally ( Figure 1 and Figure 17 In this way, after the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism 4 drives the forming module 6 to move and position in the horizontal lateral direction and complete the twisting and pressing forming of multiple deposition points in a single row point by point, the horizontal longitudinal positioning mechanism 10 can drive the forming module 6 to move in the horizontal longitudinal direction by a preset distance to complete the twisting and pressing forming of the next row of deposition points. Multiple rows of deposition points are alternately connected to form a planar deposition material layer.

[0061] The above process is applied to Figure 18When the powder is placed on the high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device, as shown in the figure, Figure 19 As shown, after step S7, the horizontal longitudinal positioning mechanism 10 drives the lifting platform 2 to offset in the horizontal longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) by a preset horizontal spacing, and then repeats the above steps S3 to S6 to complete the next row of single layers of material, achieving the "line-to-surface" forming process. Then, the above steps S8 and S9 are carried out to form a large-volume formed part.

[0062] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0063] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device, comprising a support frame, a lifting platform disposed at the inner bottom of the support frame, and a horizontal lateral positioning mechanism disposed at the top of the support frame, characterized in that: The top positioning output end of the horizontal transverse positioning mechanism is fixedly connected to a movable positioning plate, a mounting frame is fixedly provided on the top of the movable positioning plate, and the bottom of the movable positioning plate is connected to a forming module located above the lifting platform; The forming die set includes a cylinder fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable positioning plate, a rotating die coaxially rotatably arranged in the cylinder, and a movable die assembly slidably sleeved on the outer side of the bottom end of the rotating die. The movable die assembly is composed of a plurality of movable die units adjacent to each other in sequence to form a closed annular structure, and each movable die unit can move vertically independently; A rotation driving mechanism for driving the rotary die to rotate horizontally, a pressurizing mechanism for driving the rotary die to lift vertically, and an automatic feeding mechanism located inside the rotary die are fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame.

2. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable mold assembly also includes a hoop that is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the rotating die and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cylinder body. The side wall of the hoop is provided with a guide slot corresponding to each movable mold unit. A connecting rod movably arranged in the guide slot is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable mold unit. One end of the connecting rod located on the outside of the movable mold unit is fixedly connected to a connecting block. A first spring is connected between the top surface of the connecting block and the bottom surface of the top wall of the hoop.

3. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular cooling chamber is provided inside the rotating die, and a chamber sealing cover with a funnel structure is provided on the top of the cooling chamber.

4. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A feed hopper is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame, and a discharge port at the bottom end of the feed hopper extends into the inner side of the top of the chamber sealing cover.

5. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the lifting platform is also provided with a horizontal and longitudinal positioning mechanism, which drives the lifting platform to move horizontally and longitudinally, and the horizontal displacement direction of the lifting platform is perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the movable positioning plate.

6. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotation drive mechanism includes a first drive motor fixedly arranged on one side of the top surface of the mounting frame, and a driven gear fixedly arranged on the outside of the top of the rotating die. The output shaft end of the first drive motor is fixedly connected to a driving gear that meshes with the driven gear for transmission.

7. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism includes an annular lower pressure plate arranged on the outside of the top of the rotating die and located at the top of the driven gear, an annular upper top plate arranged on the outside of the top of the rotating die and located at the bottom of the driven gear, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame, the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the annular lower pressure plate, and a plurality of second springs are arranged between the bottom surface of the annular upper top plate and the top surface of the movable positioning plate.

8. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 7, characterized in that: The automatic feeding mechanism includes a second driving motor fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame, a spiral feeding rod fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the second driving motor and coaxially arranged in the rotating die, and the outer side surface of the spiral blade of the spiral feeding rod is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the rotating die.

9. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom end of the spiral feeding rod is rotatably connected to the feeding port opening and closing block, and at least one vertically arranged sliding groove is opened on the outer wall of the feeding port opening and closing block. The bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating pressing die is fixedly provided with a synchronous slider slidably embedded in the sliding groove. When the rotating pressing die is in the lowest position, its bottom surface is flush with the bottom surface of the feeding port opening and closing block.

10. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feed port opening and closing block and the bottom surface of the rotating die are both provided with a grinding-increasing structure.

11. A powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive process, applied to the powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation type additive device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Set the operating parameters of the equipment according to the forming characteristics of the metal powder to be processed; S2. Put enough metal powder to be processed into the automatic feeding mechanism, debug the automatic feeding mechanism until the metal powder is evenly fed out, and start the equipment; S3, the lifting platform rises until the forming operation reference surface contacts the bottom surface of the movable mold assembly; S4, the pressure mechanism drives the rotating die to rise, and the automatic feeding mechanism continuously feeds the material into the bottom forming cavity of the rotating die for a preset time, and then stops working; S5. The pressure mechanism drives the rotating die to move downward, and the rotation driving mechanism drives the rotating die to rotate in a predetermined direction at a preset speed, so that the rotating die applies a preset pressure and torque to the metal powder at the bottom; S6. After a single deposition point is subjected to twisting and pressing for a preset time, the lifting platform moves downward by a preset vertical distance, and the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism drives the forming module to move horizontally by a preset distance. Steps S4 and S5 are repeated to complete the twisting and pressing of the next deposition point. S7, repeating step S6 to complete the cross-connection of multiple deposition points to form a single layer of material; S8, the lifting platform moves down by the thickness of a single material layer, and steps S4 to S7 are repeated to form a new material layer on top of the formed material layer; S9. Repeat step S8 until the material layer reaches the preset number of layers, reset the equipment and stop, and remove the twisted and pressed part.

12. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S6, after the single deposition point is twisted and formed for a preset time, the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism drives the forming module to move horizontally by a preset distance that is 1 / 5 to 4 / 5 of the outer contour size of the formed single deposition point.

13. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process according to claim 12, characterized in that: Before the horizontal lateral positioning mechanism drives the forming module to move horizontally, the side wall of the forming cavity is in an open state on the side opposite to the horizontal moving direction of the forming module.

14. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process according to claim 12, characterized in that: In step S5 , the preset twisting forming pressure is 2-10 GPa, the rotation speed of the rotating die is 0.5-5 rad / min, and the number of single rotations is 0.5-2 turns.

15. The powder point-by-point high-pressure torsion consolidation additive process according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The materials of the metal powder at different deposition points of the same single material layer are partially or completely different.

Images