Automatic press-fitting device and press-fitting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic press-fitting device and a press-fitting method. The automatic press-fitting device and the press-fitting method are used for achieving press-fitting assembly of a bowl-shaped plug and a cylindrical part. The automatic press-fitting device comprises a fixed platform, a bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism, a cylindrical part feeding mechanism, a guide base and a press-fitting mechanism. A discharging opening is formed in the middle of the fixed platform, the guide base is located above the discharging opening, and a positioning through hole is formed in the guide base. A bowl-shaped plug is conveyed to the surface of a material blocking sliding block below the press-fitting mechanism through the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism, and a feeding limiting block is kept still. And the cylindrical part feeding mechanism is used for feeding cylindrical parts into the positioning through holes above the material blocking sliding blocks. And then the press-fitting mechanism is pressed downwards through a press-fitting air cylinder, so that the top of the bowl-shaped plug enters the cylindrical part, and after the feeding limiting block returns, the press-fitting mechanism is pressed downwards again, so that the bowl-shaped plug completely enters the cylindrical part. A traditional press-fitting process is divided into two steps, and the problem that the bowl-shaped plug shifts or turns on one side in the press-fitting process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical design, and relates to a mechanical assembly device and an assembly method, and in particular to an automatic press-fitting device and a press-fitting method for assembling a sealing end cover of a cylindrical part. Background Art

[0002] With rising labor costs, manual assembly can no longer meet the high standards of precision and efficiency required by modern manufacturing. Industrial automation is committed to improving production efficiency, reducing labor costs, and enhancing product quality.

[0003] During mechanical assembly, one part often needs to be pressed into the mating hole of another. Traditionally, this method involves manual part placement, requiring the operator to concentrate and easily leading to accidents. Existing automated press-fitting equipment uses a loading device to feed cylindrical parts of varying diameters into the holes of a positioning fixture. Then, a press or cylinder presses them in, forming the insert. This allows for fully automated production, reducing manual operation time and errors.

[0004] However, for parts with significantly different volumes, such as the header pipes used in refrigerator refrigeration lines, a bowl-shaped plug needs to be press-fitted onto one end to seal it. Due to the significant height difference between the bowl-shaped plug and the header pipe, and the curved surface, it is difficult to press-fit into place in one step, as is the case with two regular cylindrical parts. This often results in improper installation or the bowl-shaped plug flipping over. Furthermore, due to the bowl-shaped plug's small size, direct feeding via a vibrating plate can lead to congestion in the feed channel, causing machine failure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes an automatic pressing device and pressing method. A specific loading mechanism and pressing mechanism are designed according to the shape of the bowl-shaped plug. The pressing process is divided into two parts: preliminary positioning and pressing, to ensure that the pressing is in place, improve assembly efficiency and reduce scrap rate.

[0006] An automatic press-fitting device includes a fixed platform, a bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism, a cylindrical part feeding mechanism, a guide base, and a press-fitting mechanism. A feeding port is provided in the middle of the fixed platform, and a guide base is located above the feeding port. A positioning through hole is provided on the guide base.

[0007] The bowl-shaped plug loading mechanism includes a feeding platform, a transverse feeding cylinder, a longitudinal feeding cylinder, a bowl-shaped plug detection fiber optic sensor, and a feeding stopper. The feeding platform, transverse feeding cylinder, and longitudinal feeding cylinder are fixed to one side of the fixed platform surface. A feeding chute is provided on the feeding platform. The feeding chute has a width that matches the dimensions of the bowl-shaped plug and comprises a transverse chute and first and second longitudinal chute. The transverse feeding cylinder is positioned at one end of the transverse chute, with its piston rod extending into the transverse chute. The first and second longitudinal chute are perpendicular to the transverse chute. One end of the first longitudinal chute is connected to the end of the transverse chute closest to the transverse feeding cylinder, and the other end is connected to the bowl-shaped plug feeder. The bowl-shaped plug detection fiber optic sensor is fixed above the transverse chute, with its detection position located at the point where the transverse chute connects to the first longitudinal chute. One end of the second longitudinal chute is connected to the other end of the transverse chute, with the other end of the second longitudinal chute facing away from the feeder. The longitudinal feeding cylinder is positioned parallel to the first longitudinal chute, with its piston rod extending into the second longitudinal chute. The feeding limit block is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal feeding cylinder, and its height is less than that of the bowl-shaped plug.

[0008] Preferably, the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism further includes a U-shaped positioner fixed to the end of the piston rod of the transverse feed cylinder. The opening of the U-shaped positioner faces downward, and the opening size matches the size of the bowl-shaped plug. When the U-shaped positioner is located at either end of the transverse chute, it communicates with the first and second longitudinal chute, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the feed limit block is half the height of the bowl-shaped plug.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding platform is provided with a feeding chute and a feeding cylinder that are symmetrically positioned on the left and right.

[0011] The cylindrical part feeding mechanism includes a cylindrical part feeding slider, a cylindrical part feeding cylinder and a cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor. The cylindrical part feeding cylinder is fixed on the other side of the fixed platform surface. The cylindrical part feeding slider is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylindrical part feeding cylinder and is slidably connected to the upper surface of the guide base. A feeding through-hole is provided on the cylindrical part feeding slider, one end of which is connected to the cylindrical part feeder and the other end is opposite to the positioning through-hole on the guide base. The cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor is fixed on the surface of the guide base to detect the position between the positioning through-hole and the feeding through-hole. The height from the fixed platform surface to the upper surface of the guide base is less than the height of the cylindrical part, and the height from the fixed platform surface to the lower surface of the cylindrical part feeding slider is greater than the height of the cylindrical part.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding through hole and the positioning through hole are semicircular through holes with guides.

[0013] Preferably, the cylindrical parts detection optical fiber sensor is a through-beam photoelectric sensor.

[0014] The press-fitting mechanism is arranged between the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism and the cylindrical parts feeding mechanism, and includes a press-fitting cylinder, a press-fitting cylinder bracket, a press-fitting guide block, a material-blocking slider, a feed cylinder, a pre-pressing limit block, and a pre-pressing cylinder. The press-fitting cylinder is fixed to the fixed platform via the press-fitting cylinder bracket. The press-fitting guide block is fixed to the guide base, and a guide hole is provided on the press-fitting guide block that is coaxial with the positioning hole on the guide base. The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder is arranged in the guide hole of the press-fitting guide block. The material-blocking slider is located in the feed opening, slidably connected to the lower surface of the fixed platform, and connected to the feed platform of the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism. The upper surface of the material-blocking slider is located at the same level as the bottom surface of the second longitudinal chute. The feed cylinder is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed platform, and the end of its piston rod is fixed to the material-blocking slider. The pre-pressing limit block is located on the opposite side of the feed limit block at the end of the longitudinal feed cylinder, slidably connected to the upper surface of the material-blocking slider, and its height is the same as that of the feed limit block. The pre-pressing cylinder is fixed to the material-blocking slide block, and the end of the piston rod thereof is fixed to the pre-pressing limit block.

[0015] Preferably, the piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder is connected to one end of the two press rods through a pressure head, the number of guide holes, feeding holes and positioning holes is equal to the number of press rods, and the other end of the press rod is arranged in the guide hole.

[0016] Preferably, the press-fitting mechanism further comprises a limiting column located between the press-fitting guide block and the pressing head, and the limiting column is fixed to the upper surface of the press-fitting guide block.

[0017] An automatic pressing method, the specific process is as follows: Step 1. The bowl-shaped plug feeder feeds the bowl-shaped plug into the first longitudinal chute. When the bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor detects that the bowl-shaped plug has entered the transverse chute, the transverse feeding cylinder pushes the bowl-shaped plug to the connection between the transverse chute and the second longitudinal chute through the piston rod, and then the longitudinal feeding cylinder pushes the bowl-shaped plug along the second longitudinal chute to the surface of the material blocking slider through the piston rod until the two sides of the bowl-shaped plug are in contact with the feeding limit block and the pre-loading limit block respectively.

[0018] Step 2: The cylindrical parts feeder feeds the cylindrical parts into the feeding hole of the cylindrical parts feeding slider. The cylindrical parts feeding cylinder pushes the cylindrical parts feeding slider to the bottom of the press-fitting guide block. The cylindrical parts fall from the feeding hole into the positioning hole of the guide base.

[0019] Step 3: Detection of cylindrical parts: The optical fiber sensor detects that the cylindrical part enters the positioning through hole, the piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder is pressed down until the bottom of the cylindrical part contacts the surface of the feed limit block and the pre-pressing limit block, and the top of the bowl-shaped plug enters the cylindrical part.

[0020] Step 4: The longitudinal feed cylinder drives the feed stopper back to its initial position, and the pre-pressing cylinder drives the pre-pressing stopper away from the feed stopper. The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder continues to press the bowl-shaped plug down until it is fully inserted into the cylindrical part. The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder returns to its initial position.

[0021] Step 5: The unloading cylinder drives the stopper slide until the pressed part leaves the surface of the stopper slide and falls. The unloading cylinder drives the stopper slide back to its initial position, and the pre-pressing cylinder drives the pre-pressing stopper back to its initial position. Return to step 1 and perform another press-fitting operation.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism cooperates with the longitudinal and transverse feeding chutes to ensure the number of bowl-shaped plugs entering the pressing mechanism at a single time, avoiding congestion in the feeding channel due to excessively high vibration frequency of the feeder.

[0023] 2. Use a U-shaped positioner to ensure the posture of the bowl-shaped plug when feeding into the press-fitting mechanism to avoid flipping during the feeding process due to the light weight of the bowl-shaped plug.

[0024] 3. The press-fitting mechanism uses a pre-pressing stopper to break down the entire process of pressing the bowl-shaped plug into the cylindrical part into two steps. This solves the problem of traditional one-step press-fitting methods, where the bowl-shaped plug shifts or flips during press-fitting due to the significant difference in mass and height between the bowl-shaped plug and the cylindrical part, leading to press-fitting failure. This improves production efficiency, achieves precise assembly of parts, and reduces scrap rates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the automatic press-fitting device in the embodiment; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism structure in the embodiment; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cylindrical parts feeding mechanism in the embodiment; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the press-fitting mechanism structure in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of pre-pressing in the embodiment; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of secondary press assembly in the embodiment.

[0026] Among them, 1. Fixed platform; 2. Guide base; 3. Feeding platform; 4. Horizontal feeding cylinder; 5. Longitudinal feeding cylinder; 6. Feeding limit block; 7. U-shaped positioner; 8. Horizontal slide; 9. First longitudinal slide; 10. Second longitudinal slide; 11. Cylindrical parts feeding slider; 12. Cylindrical parts feeding cylinder; 13. Pressing cylinder; 14. Pressing head; 15. Pressing rod; 16. Limiting column; 17. Pressing cylinder bracket; 18. Pressing guide block; 19. Stopping slider; 20. Unloading cylinder; 21. Pre-pressing limit block; 22. Pre-pressing cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings; like Figure 1 As shown, an automatic press-fitting device includes a fixed platform 1, a bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism, a press-fitting mechanism, and a cylindrical part feeding mechanism, which are sequentially fixed to the fixed platform 1. A feed opening is formed on the surface of the fixed platform 1 below the press-fitting mechanism, and a guide base 2 is fixed between the feed opening and the press-fitting mechanism.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism includes a feeding platform 3 fixed to one side of a fixed platform 1, and two groups of bowl-shaped plug feeding assemblies consisting of a transverse feeding cylinder 4, a longitudinal feeding cylinder 5, a bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor, a feeding limit block 6, and a U-shaped positioner 7. Two axially symmetrical feeding chutes are provided on the surface of the feeding platform 3. The width of the feeding chutes matches the size of the bowl-shaped plug. Each feeding chute includes a transverse chute 8 and first and second longitudinal chutes 9 and 10. A feeding chute cooperates with a group of bowl-shaped plug feeding assemblies. In a group of bowl-shaped plug feeding assemblies, a U-shaped positioner 7 is set in the transverse chute 8 and is slidably connected to the transverse chute 8. The transverse feeding cylinder 4 is set at one end of the transverse chute 8, and its piston rod extends into the transverse chute 8, with the end fixed to the U-shaped positioner 7. The opening of the U-shaped positioner 7 faces downward, and the opening size matches the size of the bowl-shaped plug. When the U-shaped positioner 7 is located at both ends of the transverse chute 8, it is connected to the first and second longitudinal chute 10 respectively. The first and second longitudinal chute 10 are perpendicular to the transverse chute 8. One end of the first longitudinal chute 9 is connected to one end of the transverse chute 8 close to the transverse feeding cylinder 4, and the other end is connected to the bowl-shaped plug feeder. The bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor is fixed above the transverse chute 8, and the detection position is the connection point between the transverse chute 8 and the first longitudinal chute 9. One end of the second longitudinal chute 10 is connected to the other end of the transverse chute 8, and the other end of the second longitudinal chute 10 is away from the feeder. The longitudinal feeding cylinder 5 is arranged parallel to the first longitudinal chute 9, and its piston rod extends into the second longitudinal chute 10. The feeding limit block 6 is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal feeding cylinder 5, and its height is half the height of the bowl-shaped plug.

[0029] In one embodiment, the two bowl-shaped plug feeding assemblies share a common longitudinal feeding cylinder 5. The piston rod of the longitudinal feeding cylinder 5 is fixed to one end of two longitudinal feeding pressure rods 15 via a longitudinal feeding pressure head 14. The other ends of the two longitudinal feeding pressure rods 15 extend into the two second longitudinal chute 10 respectively and are fixed to the feeding limit block 6.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the cylindrical part feeding mechanism includes a cylindrical part feeding slider 11, a cylindrical part feeding cylinder 12 and a cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor. The cylindrical part feeding cylinder 12 is fixed on the surface of the fixed platform 1 on the side away from the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism. The cylindrical part feeding slider 11 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylindrical part feeding cylinder 12 and is slidably connected to the upper surface of the guide base 2. Two feeding through holes are provided on the cylindrical part feeding slider 11, and two positioning through holes are also provided on the guide base 2, and the feeding through holes and the positioning through holes are both semicircular through holes with guides. One end of the feeding through hole is connected to the cylindrical part feeder, and the other end is opposite to the positioning through hole on the guide base 2. The cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor is fixed on the surface of the guide base 2 to detect the position between the positioning through hole and the feeding through hole. The height from the surface of the fixed platform 1 to the upper surface of the guide base 2 is less than the height of the cylindrical part, and the height from the surface of the fixed platform 1 to the lower surface of the cylindrical part feeding slider 11 is greater than the height of the cylindrical part.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, the press-fitting mechanism is arranged between the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism and the cylindrical parts feeding mechanism, and includes a press-fitting cylinder 13, a pressing head 14, a pressing rod 15, a limiting column 16, a press-fitting cylinder 13 bracket, a press-fitting guide block 18, a material blocking slider 19, a discharge cylinder 20, a pre-pressing limiting block 21 and a pre-pressing cylinder 22. The press-fitting cylinder 13 is fixed to the fixed platform 1 through the press-fitting cylinder 13 bracket. The press-fitting guide block 18 is fixed on the guide base 2, and two guide holes are provided on the press-fitting guide block 18 that are coaxial with the positioning holes on the guide base 2. The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder 13 is connected to one end of the two pressing rods 15 through the pressing head 14, and the other ends of the two pressing rods 15 are respectively arranged in the two guide holes. The limiting column 16 is fixed on the upper surface of the press-fitting guide block 18 and is located below the pressing head 14. The material-blocking slider 19 is located within the discharge port, slidably connected to the lower surface of the fixed platform 1 and connected to the feed platform 3 of the bowl-shaped plug loading mechanism. The upper surface of the material-blocking slider 19 is flush with the bottom surface of the second longitudinal chute 10. A material-blocking cylinder 20 is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed platform 1, with the end of its piston rod fixed to the material-blocking slider 19. A preloading stopper 21 is located opposite the feed stopper 6 at the end of the longitudinal feed cylinder 5 and slidably connected to the upper surface of the material-blocking slider 19. Its height is the same as that of the feed stopper 6. A preloading cylinder 22 is fixed to the material-blocking slider 19, with the end of its piston rod fixed to the preloading stopper 21.

[0032] An automatic pressing method, the specific process is as follows: Step 1. The bowl-shaped plug feeder feeds the bowl-shaped plug into the first longitudinal chute 9. When the bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor detects that the bowl-shaped plug has entered the transverse chute 8, the transverse feeding cylinder 4 pushes the bowl-shaped plug to the connection between the transverse chute 8 and the second longitudinal chute 10 through the piston rod, and then the longitudinal feeding cylinder 5 pushes the bowl-shaped plug along the second longitudinal chute 10 through the piston rod to the surface of the material blocking slider 19 until the two sides of the bowl-shaped plug contact the feeding limit block 6 and the pre-loading limit block 21 respectively.

[0033] Step 2: The cylindrical parts feeder feeds the cylindrical parts into the feeding hole of the cylindrical parts feeding slider 11, and the cylindrical parts feeding cylinder 12 pushes the cylindrical parts feeding slider 11 to the bottom of the press-fitting guide block 18, and the cylindrical parts fall from the feeding hole into the positioning hole of the guide base 2.

[0034] Step 3: Figure 5 As shown, the cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor detects that the cylindrical part enters the positioning through hole, the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 13 is pressed down to the bottom of the cylindrical part and contacts the surface of the feeding limit block 6 and the pre-pressing limit block 21, and the top of the bowl-shaped plug enters the cylindrical part.

[0035] Step 4: The longitudinal feeding cylinder 5 drives the feeding limit block 6 to return to the initial position, and the pre-pressing cylinder 2213 drives the pre-pressing limit block 21 to move away from the feeding limit block 6. Figure 6 As shown. The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder 13 continues to press the bowl-shaped plug completely into the cylindrical part. The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder 13 returns to the initial position.

[0036] Step 5: The unloading cylinder 20 drives the stopper slide 19 to move until the press-fitted part leaves the surface of the stopper slide 19 and falls. The unloading cylinder 20 drives the stopper slide 19 back to its initial position, and the pre-pressing cylinder 22 drives the pre-pressing stopper 21 back to its initial position. Return to step 1 and perform another press-fitting operation.

Claims

1. An automatic press-fitting device, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed platform (1), a bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism, a cylindrical parts feeding mechanism, a guide base (2) and a press-fitting mechanism; a feeding port is provided in the middle of the fixed platform (1), the guide base (2) is located above the feeding port, and a positioning through hole is provided on the guide base (2); The bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism comprises a feeding platform (3), a transverse feeding cylinder (4), a longitudinal feeding cylinder (5), a bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor and a feeding limit block (6); the feeding platform (3), the transverse feeding cylinder (4) and the longitudinal feeding cylinder (5) are fixed on one side of the surface of the fixed platform (1), and a feeding chute is provided on the feeding platform (3); the width of the feeding chute matches the size of the bowl-shaped plug, and comprises a transverse chute (8) and first and second longitudinal chute (10); the transverse feeding cylinder (4) is arranged at one end of the transverse chute (8), and its piston rod extends into the transverse chute (8); the first and second longitudinal chute (10) are perpendicular to the transverse chute (8); wherein the first One end of a longitudinal chute (9) is connected to one end of a transverse chute (8) close to the transverse feeding cylinder (4), and the other end is connected to a bowl-shaped plug feeder; a bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor is fixed above the transverse chute (8), and the detection position is the connection point between the transverse chute (8) and the first longitudinal chute (9); one end of a second longitudinal chute (10) is connected to the other end of the transverse chute (8), and the other end of the second longitudinal chute (10) is away from the feeder; the longitudinal feeding cylinder (5) is arranged in parallel with the first longitudinal chute (9), and its piston rod extends into the second longitudinal chute (10); the feeding limit block (6) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal feeding cylinder (5), and its height is less than the height of the bowl-shaped plug; The cylindrical parts feeding mechanism is used to feed the cylindrical parts into the positioning through hole of the guide base (2); The press-fitting mechanism is arranged between the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism and the cylindrical part feeding mechanism, and comprises a press-fitting cylinder (13), a press-fitting cylinder (13) bracket, a press-fitting guide block (18), a material blocking slide block (19), a material unloading cylinder (20), a pre-pressing limit block (21) and a pre-pressing cylinder (22) (13); the press-fitting cylinder (13) is fixed on the fixed platform (1) through the press-fitting cylinder (13) bracket; the press-fitting guide block (18) is fixed on the guide base (2), and a guide through hole coaxial with the positioning through hole on the guide base (2) is provided on the press-fitting guide block (18); the piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder (13) is arranged in the guide through hole of the press-fitting guide block (18); the material blocking slide block (19 ) is located in the discharge port, is slidably connected to the lower surface of the fixed platform (1), and is connected to the feeding platform (3) of the bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism, and the upper surface of the blocking slider (19) is located at the same horizontal plane as the bottom surface of the second longitudinal slide groove (10); the discharge cylinder (20) is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed platform (1), and the end of its piston rod is fixed to the blocking slider (19); the pre-pressing limit block (21) is located on the opposite side of the feeding limit block (6) at the end of the longitudinal feeding cylinder (5), is slidably connected to the upper surface of the blocking slider (19), and its height is the same as that of the feeding limit block (6); the pre-pressing cylinder (22)(13) is fixed to the blocking slider (19), and the end of its piston rod is fixed to the pre-pressing limit block (21).

2. An automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bowl-shaped plug feeding mechanism further comprises a U-shaped positioner (7) fixed to the end of the piston rod of the transverse feeding cylinder (4); the opening of the U-shaped positioner (7) faces downward, and the size of the opening matches the size of the bowl-shaped plug; when the U-shaped positioner (7) is located at both ends of the transverse chute (8), it is connected to the first and second longitudinal chute (9) and (10) respectively.

3. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the feeding limit block (6) is half the height of the bowl-shaped plug.

4. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding platform (3) is provided with a feeding chute and a feeding cylinder that are symmetrically positioned on both sides.

5. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding through hole and the positioning through hole are semicircular through holes with guides.

6. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical parts detection optical fiber sensor is a through-beam photoelectric sensor.

7. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder (13) is connected to one end of two press rods (15) through a pressure head (14); the number of the guide through holes, the feeding through holes and the positioning through holes is equal to the number of the press rods (15); and the other end of the press rod (15) is arranged in the guide through hole.

8. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The press-fitting mechanism further comprises a limiting column (16) located between the press-fitting guide block (18) and the pressing head (14), and the limiting column (16) is fixed on the upper surface of the press-fitting guide block (18).

9. The automatic press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical part feeding mechanism comprises a cylindrical part feeding slider (11), a cylindrical part feeding cylinder (12) and a cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor; the cylindrical part feeding cylinder (12) is fixed on the other side of the surface of the fixed platform (1); the cylindrical part feeding slider (11) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylindrical part feeding cylinder (12) and is slidably connected to the upper surface of the guide base (2); a feeding through hole is provided on the cylindrical part feeding slider (11), one end of the feeding through hole is connected to the cylindrical part feeder, and the other end is opposite to the positioning through hole on the guide base (2); the cylindrical part detection optical fiber sensor is fixed on the surface of the guide base (2) and detects the position between the positioning through hole and the feeding through hole; the height from the surface of the fixed platform (1) to the upper surface of the guide base (2) is less than the height of the cylindrical part, and the height from the surface of the fixed platform (1) to the lower surface of the cylindrical part feeding slider (11) is greater than the height of the cylindrical part.

10. An automatic press-fitting method, characterized in that: The bowl-shaped plug is pressed into one end of a cylindrical part using the device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The bowl-shaped plug feeder feeds the bowl-shaped plug into the first longitudinal chute (9). When the bowl-shaped plug detection optical fiber sensor detects that the bowl-shaped plug has entered the transverse chute (8), the transverse feeding cylinder (4) pushes the bowl-shaped plug toward the connection between the transverse chute (8) and the second longitudinal chute (10) through the piston rod. Then, the longitudinal feeding cylinder (5) pushes the bowl-shaped plug toward the surface of the material blocking slider (19) along the second longitudinal chute (10) through the piston rod until both sides of the bowl-shaped plug contact the feeding limit block (6) and the pre-pressing limit block (21) respectively. Step 2: The cylindrical part feeder feeds the cylindrical part into the feeding hole of the cylindrical part feeding slider (11), and the cylindrical part feeding cylinder (12) pushes the cylindrical part feeding slider (11) to the bottom of the press-fitting guide block (18), and the cylindrical part falls from the feeding hole into the positioning hole of the guide base (2); Step 3: The optical fiber sensor detects that the cylindrical part has entered the positioning through hole, and the piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder (13) is pressed down until the bottom of the cylindrical part contacts the surface of the feeding limit block (6) and the pre-pressing limit block (21), and the top of the bowl-shaped plug enters the cylindrical part; Step 4: The longitudinal feeding cylinder (5) drives the feeding limit block (6) to return to the initial position, and the pre-pressing cylinder (22) drives the pre-pressing limit block (21) to move in a direction away from the feeding limit block (6); the piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder (13) continues to press down until the bowl-shaped plug is completely inserted into the cylindrical part; the piston rod of the press-fitting cylinder (13) returns to the initial position; Step 5: The blanking cylinder (20) drives the blocking slide (19) to move until the press-fitted parts leave the surface of the blocking slide (19) and fall down; the blanking cylinder (20) drives the blocking slide (19) back to the initial position, and the pre-pressing cylinder (22) drives the pre-pressing limit block (21) back to the initial position; return to step 1 and perform a press-fitting action.

Images