Clamping mechanism for special-shaped metal part machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping mechanism for special-shaped metal part machining, and relates to the technical field of flexible clamps, the clamping mechanism comprises at least one positioning unit which is arranged at intervals in the workpiece clamping direction, and a clamping driving unit which is connected with the positioning unit and is used for driving the positioning unit to move towards the workpiece side so as to realize clamping, the positioning unit is provided with a positioning column capable of stretching and retracting in a self-adaptive mode along the contour of the workpiece and an adjusting rod used for locking the stretching and retracting state of the positioning column, and the clamping driving unit comprises a U-shaped base, a U-shaped frame connected with the positioning unit and a linear driving piece driving the U-shaped frame to move in the direction close to or away from the workpiece. The clamping mechanism is convenient to operate on the whole, low in manufacturing cost, capable of being suitable for effectively clamping different metal pieces, reliable in structure and good in use performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flexible clamps, and in particular to a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts. Background Art

[0002] The production process of metal parts involves processing techniques such as grinding, drilling, and engraving. During the operation of the above processing techniques, a clamping mechanism is required to clamp and fix the metal parts. When processing special-shaped metal parts, traditional clamping mechanisms are difficult to clamp effectively. Even when facing thin special-shaped metal parts, existing clamping mechanisms may cause damage to the metal parts during the clamping process. Therefore, when facing the processing and clamping of such special-shaped metal parts, flexible clamps are often used.

[0003] For example, the existing open document CN222857732U - A Flexible Clamp and the existing open document CN113319886A - Flexible Clamp both disclose a flexible clamp for clamping. Although the flexible clamp can effectively clamp special-shaped metal parts, the flexible clamp still has the following deficiencies in actual use:

[0004] 1. The telescopic rod in the existing clamping mechanism mainly changes the pressure inside the inner chamber by changing the volume of liquid oil or gas in the inner chamber. The telescopic rod then adjusts its extension and contraction according to the shape of the metal part to achieve effective clamping of the metal part. This clamping mechanism requires high sealing performance, is costly to manufacture, and is complex to operate.

[0005] 2. The clamping area of ​​the existing clamping mechanism is fixed, which results in insufficient clamping or excessive clamping when facing different special-shaped metal parts, thereby affecting subsequent processing operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems with the following technical solutions: A clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts, comprising at least one positioning unit spaced apart along a workpiece clamping direction, a clamping drive unit connected to the positioning unit and configured to drive the positioning unit to move toward the workpiece to achieve clamping, the positioning unit having a positioning column that can adaptively extend and retract along the contour of the workpiece, and an adjustment rod for locking the positioning column in a retracted state;

[0008] The clamping drive unit comprises a U-shaped seat, a U-shaped frame connected to the positioning unit, and a linear drive component for driving the U-shaped frame to move in a direction close to or away from the workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes an outer protective box, the positioning column and the adjusting rod;

[0010] The outer protective box is provided with at least one positioning column at intervals along the vertical direction, and a first elastic reset member is provided in the positioning column. One end of the first elastic reset member is connected to the positioning column and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box to drive the positioning column to elastically extend and retract in the direction close to the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, a convex groove with an open rear end is provided in the positioning column, the first elastic reset member is located in the convex groove, a T-shaped rod is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box, the T-shaped rod slides through the convex groove and abuts against the end of the first elastic reset member away from the workpiece, so as to drive the positioning column to reset through the elastic force of the first elastic reset member.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of slots are provided on the side wall of the positioning column at intervals along the telescopic direction, and a clamping portion adapted to the slots is provided on a side of the adjustment rod close to the positioning column;

[0013] The adjusting rod is movably connected to the outer protective box, and the clamping portion is engaged with or separated from the clamping slot by moving the adjusting rod, so as to achieve locking or unlocking of the telescopic state of the positioning column.

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal cross-section of the card slot is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid faces the side of the adjustment rod, and the distance between adjacent card slots is ≤1mm;

[0015] The clamping portion is a rectangular clamping block adapted to the clamping slot, and rectangular clamping blocks corresponding to the number of the positioning posts are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the same adjusting rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjusting rods are respectively located on both sides of the positioning column, and the tops of the adjusting rods are fixedly connected to the same connecting block.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjusting rod is connected to an automatic driving member, which includes an electromagnetic block provided on the top of the outer protective box, a guide column passing through the connecting block on the top of the adjusting rod, and a second elastic reset member sleeved on the guide column;

[0018] The electromagnetic block is located below the connecting block. When power is on, it attracts the connecting block and drives the adjusting rod to move downward so that the clamping part is engaged with the clamping slot. When power is off, the second elastic reset member drives the adjusting rod to move upward so that the clamping part is separated from the clamping slot.

[0019] Furthermore, in the clamping drive unit, the opening of the U-shaped seat faces the workpiece, the U-shaped frame is adapted to the U-shaped seat, and a sliding guide structure is provided between both ends of the U-shaped frame and the U-shaped seat;

[0020] The sliding guide structure includes a sliding block provided at the end of the U-shaped frame and a sliding groove provided on the top surface of the U-shaped seat and extending in a direction close to or away from the workpiece. The sliding block and the sliding groove are in clearance fit to achieve guidance.

[0021] Furthermore, the plurality of positioning units are connected through a spacing adjustment assembly, which includes a guide rod and a rectangular rod connected to the U-shaped frame of the clamping drive unit, a linkage block passing through the guide rod and the rectangular rod, and a locking member for locking the position of the linkage block. The linkage block is fixedly connected to the outer protective box of the positioning unit, and the spacing between adjacent positioning units is adjusted by sliding the linkage block, and then fixed by the locking member.

[0022] Furthermore, the linear drive component includes a fixed plate fixed to the rear end of the U-shaped seat, a screw column spirally connected to the fixed plate, and a driving part provided at one end of the screw column. The end of the screw column away from the driving part is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame, and the screw column is driven to rotate by rotating the driving part, so that the U-shaped frame moves along the sliding guide structure.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts provided by the present invention:

[0024] (1) Its structure is reliable and has good performance. Through the telescopic characteristics of the positioning column in the positioning unit, it can automatically fit the irregular contours of special-shaped metal parts (such as curved surfaces, steps, grooves and other complex structures), solving the problem that traditional rigid clamps can only clamp regular shapes and cannot adapt to special-shaped surfaces. At the same time, multiple positioning columns are distributed in an array along the vertical direction, and each positioning column can be independently extended and retracted to form a "multi-point wrapping" contact, effectively improving the clamping effect;

[0025] (2) The elastic positioning member can be accurately locked in its telescopic state through the card slot and the rectangular card block, and combined with the rigid support of the clamping drive unit, the workpiece can be prevented from being displaced due to vibration or cutting force during processing;

[0026] (3) By adjusting the number and spacing of the positioning units and the telescopic range of the positioning columns, it can adapt to special-shaped metal parts of different sizes and shapes without the need to customize special fixtures for each workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 A vertical cross-sectional view of the present invention in the front-to-back direction;

[0030] Figure 4 A vertical cross-sectional view of the present invention in the left-right direction;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the present invention in the front-back direction;

[0032] Figure 6 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning unit in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 An exploded view of the positioning unit in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping drive unit in the present invention;

[0036] Figures 1 to 9 The reference numerals shown in the figure are respectively represented as follows: 100-positioning unit, 200-clamping drive unit, 101-outer protective box, 101a-box cover, 101a-1-telescopic hole, 101b-T-shaped rod, 101c-guide column, 101c-1-second elastic return member, 101d-electromagnetic block, 102-positioning column, 102a-convex groove, 102b-first elastic return member, 102c-card slot, 103-adjusting rod , 103a-clamping part, 103b-connecting block, 201-U-shaped seat, 201a-fixing plate, 201b-sliding groove, 201c-mounting hole, 202-U-shaped frame, 202a-support rod, 202a-1-sliding block, 202b-rectangular rod, 202b-1-guide rod, 203-screw column, 203a-driving part, 204-linkage block, 204a-connecting plate, 204b-1-locking piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts includes at least one positioning unit 100 spaced apart along the clamping direction of the workpiece, a clamping drive unit 200 connected to the positioning unit 100 and used to drive the positioning unit 100 to move toward the workpiece side to achieve clamping, the positioning unit 100 has a positioning column 102 that can adaptively extend and retract along the contour of the workpiece and an adjustment rod 103 for locking the positioning column 102 in the retracted state.

[0039] Depending on the size of the metal part, multiple positioning units 100 can be provided to meet the clamping needs of the metal part. Through the coordinated cooperation of the positioning unit 100 and the clamping drive unit 200, adaptive clamping of the special-shaped metal part is achieved. The positioning column 102, as a component that directly contacts the metal part, is essentially a structure with elastic reset capability. It can automatically adjust the extension length according to the unevenness of the surface of the special-shaped metal part to ensure a close fit with the surface of the metal part (even if the surface of the metal part is an irregular surface, steps or grooves, a "multi-point wrap-around" contact can be formed through the coordinated action of multiple positioning columns 102). At the same time, the elastic reset capability ensures that a stable extrusion pressure is always applied to the metal part during the clamping process to avoid the generation of gaps. The adjustment rod 103 is used to lock the telescopic state of the positioning column 102 after it fits the contour of the metal part. Its function is to fix the "dynamic adaptive" state of the positioning column 102 to the "static clamping" state, preventing the positioning column 102 from retracting due to vibration or external force during processing, ensuring the stable position of the metal part and avoiding processing errors.

[0040] In this embodiment, Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the positioning unit 100 includes an outer casing 101, a positioning post 102, and an adjustment rod 103. The front end of the outer casing 101 is fixedly connected to a box cover 101a via bolts. The box cover 101a is provided with a plurality of telescopic holes 101a-1 in the vertical direction for the positioning post 102 to slide through, thereby guiding the positioning post 102. At least one positioning post 102 is arranged at intervals along the vertical direction of the outer casing 101. A first elastic return member 102b is provided in the positioning post 102. One end of the first elastic return member 102b is connected to the positioning post 102 and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the outer casing 101, so as to drive the positioning post 102 to elastically extend and retract in the direction close to the workpiece. Specifically, the first elastic return member 102b adopts a return spring, and a convex groove 102a with an open rear end is provided in the positioning column 102. The first elastic return member 102b is located in the convex groove 102a, and a T-shaped rod 101b is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box 101. The T-shaped rod 101b slides through the convex groove 102a and abuts against the end of the first elastic return member 102b away from the workpiece, so as to drive the positioning column 102 to reset through the elastic force of the first elastic return member 102b. Under the action of the first elastic return member 102b, on the one hand, the positioning column 102 can always provide an extrusion force to the special-shaped metal part, and on the other hand, it is convenient for the automatic reset of the positioning column 102 after clamping.

[0041] In this embodiment, a plurality of slots 102c are spaced apart on the sidewall of the positioning post 102 along the direction of extension and retraction. A snap-fitting portion 103a is provided on the side of the adjustment rod 103 proximal to the positioning post 102, adapted to fit within the slots 102c. The horizontal cross-section of the slots 102c is an isosceles trapezoid, with the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid facing the adjustment rod 103. The spacing between adjacent slots 102c is ≤1mm. This allows the snap-fitting portions 103a to effectively engage with the slots 102c while minimizing displacement deviations of the positioning post 102 itself. This ensures that effective locking is achieved with every ≤1mm movement of the positioning post 102, achieving precise "micro-step" locking and minimizing displacement deviations. The snap-fitting portions 103a are rectangular blocks adapted to fit within the slots 102c. A corresponding number of rectangular blocks are vertically spaced along the same adjustment rod 103, corresponding to the number of positioning posts 102. The isosceles trapezoidal slot 102c and the rectangular block form a wedge-shaped structure with a wide entrance and a narrow base. Once inserted, the rectangular block automatically locks in place under axial force, preventing the risk of loosening caused by machining vibration. Furthermore, the same adjustment rod 103 simultaneously locks multiple positioning posts 102 via multiple rectangular blocks, ensuring that all contact points are simultaneously fixed and avoiding the uneven force that could result from locking a single post. The inclined surface of the slot 102c guides the rectangular block in and out smoothly, reducing sticking and operational resistance.

[0042] In addition, the adjusting rod 103 is movably connected to the outer protective box 101. By moving the adjusting rod 103, the clamping portion 103a is engaged or separated with the clamping slot 102c to achieve locking or unlocking of the telescopic state of the positioning column 102. When the adjusting rod 103 moves upward, the rectangular clamping block is separated from the clamping slot 102c, and the positioning column 102 is in a free telescopic state; when the adjusting rod 103 moves downward, the rectangular clamping block is engaged in the corresponding clamping slot 102c, and the positioning column 102 is locked.

[0043] Furthermore, the adjusting rod 103 is respectively located on both sides of the positioning column 102, and the top of the adjusting rod 103 is fixedly connected to the same connecting block 103b. When the connecting block 103b moves up and down, the adjusting rod 103 is driven to move synchronously, and finally the cooperation between the rectangular block and the card slot 102c is released or not. The adjusting rods 103 on both sides are controlled by the same connecting block 103b, and the complex action of "operating the adjusting rods 103 on both sides separately" can be simplified to the simple action of "operating the connecting block 103b once". During manual operation, only pressing or pulling the connecting block 103b is required to simultaneously drive the adjusting rods 103 on both sides to complete locking or unlocking, thereby reducing the number of operating steps.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to reduce the labor intensity of the staff, the adjustment rod 103 is connected to an automatic driving component, through which the adjustment rod 103 can automatically limit the positioning column 102 after the positioning column 102 is telescopically deformed. Specifically, the automatic driving component includes an electromagnetic block 101d provided at the top of the outer casing 101, a guide column 101c passing through the connecting block 103b at the top of the adjustment rod 103, and a second elastic return member 101c-1 sleeved on the guide column 101c. The electromagnetic block 101d is located below the connecting block 103b. When the electromagnetic block 101d is powered on, it attracts the connecting block 103b and drives the adjustment rod 103 downward so that the engaging portion 103a engages with the engaging slot 102c. When the electromagnetic block 101d is powered off, the second elastic return member 101c-1 drives the adjustment rod 103 upward so that the engaging portion 103a separates from the engaging slot 102c. The second elastic reset member 101c-1 adopts a reset spring. When the positioning column 102 completes its telescopic deformation, magnetism can be generated by energizing the electromagnetic block 101d. Under the magnetic adsorption action of the electromagnetic block 101d on the connecting block 103b, the connecting block 103b drives the adjusting rod 103 to move downward, and the rectangular block fits in the slot 102c to achieve the limiting of the positioning column 102; when the electromagnetic block 101d is powered off, under the reset action of the second elastic reset member 101c-1, the adjusting rod 103 moves upward, and the cooperation between the rectangular block and the slot 102c is released, so as to achieve the free telescopic movement of the positioning column 102, which is convenient to operate.

[0045] In this embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, the clamping drive unit 200 includes a U-shaped seat 201, a U-shaped frame 202 connected to the positioning unit 100, and a linear drive member that drives the U-shaped frame 202 to move toward or away from the workpiece.

[0046] Specifically, in the clamping drive unit 200, the U-shaped seat 201 is a U-shaped seat 201 with an opening facing the workpiece, and the U-shaped frame 202 is adapted to the U-shaped seat 201. The opening of the U-shaped seat 201 faces the workpiece, providing sufficient space for the positioning unit 100 to extend toward the workpiece side, thereby ensuring that the U-shaped frame 202 is subjected to balanced force. The two ends of the U-shaped frame cooperate with the sliding groove 201b of the U-shaped seat 201 through the sliding block 202a-1, so that the driving force of the linear drive component can be evenly transmitted to the positioning units 100 on both sides through the U-shaped frame, thereby avoiding deformation of the mechanism caused by unilateral force. For example, when the screw column 203 pushes the U-shaped frame forward, the sliding blocks 202a-1 on both sides slide synchronously along the sliding groove 201b, ensuring that the positioning unit 100 as a whole is stable and close to the workpiece, and the clamping force is evenly distributed. A plurality of mounting holes 201c are provided on the U-shaped seat 201 to facilitate fixed installation between the U-shaped seat 201 and the operating table.

[0047] A sliding guide structure is provided between the ends of the U-shaped frame 202 and the U-shaped seat 201. The rigid constraints of the sliding guide structure ensure that the movement distance of the U-shaped frame forms a stable linear correspondence with the drive amount of the linear drive member (such as the number of rotations of the screw column 203), making it easy to precisely adjust the forward movement distance of the positioning unit 100 by controlling the drive amount, thereby achieving controllable clamping force. Specifically, the sliding guide structure includes a sliding block 202a-1 provided at the end of the U-shaped frame 202 and a sliding groove 201b provided on the top surface of the U-shaped seat 201 and extending in a direction close to or away from the workpiece. The sliding block 202a-1 and the sliding groove 201b are clearance-matched to achieve guidance. Specifically, the U-shaped frame 202 includes a U-shaped plate and support rods 202a symmetrically provided at both ends of the U-shaped plate. The sliding block 202a-1 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 202a.

[0048] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the effective clamping and fixation of the positioning unit 100 when facing different special-shaped metal parts, multiple positioning units 100 are connected by a spacing adjustment assembly. Specifically, the spacing adjustment assembly includes a guide rod 202b-1 and a rectangular rod 202b connected to the U-shaped frame 202 of the clamping drive unit 200, a linkage block 204 passing through the guide rod 202b-1 and the rectangular rod 202b, and a locking member 204b-1 for locking the position of the linkage block 204. The linkage block 204 is fixedly connected to the outer protective box 101 of the positioning unit 100. The spacing between adjacent positioning units 100 is adjusted by sliding the linkage block 204, and then fixed by the locking member 204b-1. A connecting plate 204a is provided on the end face of the linkage block 204 near the positioning unit 100. The connecting plate 204a is detachably connected to the outer protective box 101 by bolts. A rectangular through slot 204b is provided on the linkage block 204 in the left-right direction. The rectangular through slots 204b of multiple linkage blocks 204 are slidably sleeved on the same rectangular rod 202b, and the two ends of the rectangular rod 202b are respectively fixedly connected to the two support rods 202a. A locking piece 204b-1 is spirally sleeved on the linkage block 204 on the rear side of the rectangular through slot 204b, and one end of the locking piece 204b-1 abuts against the side wall of the rectangular rod 202b, thereby realizing the position locking of the linkage block 204 on the rectangular rod 202b.

[0049] When facing different special-shaped metal parts, the sliding of the linkage block 204 on the rectangular rod 202b can be adjusted as needed. After the sliding adjustment is completed, the locking piece 204b-1 is tightened to achieve the matching and fixation between the linkage block 204 and the rectangular rod 202b. Through this operation, the distance between the two adjacent positioning units 100 can be adjusted according to the size of the special-shaped metal part, so as to better clamp the metal part.

[0050] Furthermore, guide rods 202b-1 are symmetrically arranged above and below the rectangular rod 202b, and the two ends of the guide rod 202b-1 are fixedly connected to the two support rods 202a respectively. The linkage block 204 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 202b-1, so that the linkage block 204 can be guided to move limitedly on the rectangular rod 202b.

[0051] In this embodiment, the linear drive member includes a fixed plate 201a fixed to the rear end of the U-shaped seat 201, a screw column 203 screwedly connected to the fixed plate 201a, and a driving portion 203a provided at one end of the screw column 203. The end of the screw column 203 away from the driving portion 203a is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 202. By rotating the driving portion 203a, the screw column 203 is driven to rotate, causing the U-shaped frame 202 to move along the sliding guide structure. Specifically, the driving portion 203a is a rotating handle, and a limit plate 203b is provided at the end of the screw column 203 away from the driving portion 203a. A convex hole 202c is provided on one side of the U-shaped frame 202 to provide a clearance fit for the limit plate 203b, thereby achieving limited rotation of the screw column 203. During use, the screw column 203 is rotated by rotating the driving part 203a. Because of the spiral fit between the screw column 203 and the fixing plate 201a, when the screw column 203 rotates, the entire screw column 203 drives the U-shaped frame 202 to move along the axis direction of the screw column 203, and finally realizes the movement of the positioning unit 100 toward the side of the special-shaped metal part.

[0052] When this solution is used to clamp special-shaped metal parts, the following steps are included:

[0053] S1: Initial preparation stage

[0054] Mechanism installation: Fix the entire mechanism to the preset position of the processing table by clamping the mounting hole 201c of the U-shaped seat in the drive unit 200, ensuring that the opening of the U-shaped seat 201 faces the special-shaped metal part to be processed;

[0055] Parameter adjustment: According to the size and shape of the metal part, adjust the number of positioning units 100 (n units are spaced apart in the left and right directions) and the spacing between adjacent positioning units 100 (achieved by sliding the linkage block 204 on the rectangular rod 202b) to ensure that the coverage of the positioning units 100 matches the clamping requirements of the metal part;

[0056] Initial state: the positioning column 102 of the positioning unit 100 is in a naturally extended state, and the adjustment rod 103 is in an unlocked state (the rectangular block is separated from the slot 102c); the U-shaped frame 202 of the clamping drive unit 200 is located at the rear end of the U-shaped seat 201, maintaining a safe distance from the metal parts.

[0057] S2: Clamping drive stage (positioning unit 100 approaches the workpiece)

[0058] Start the drive: operate the linear drive member of the clamping drive unit 200 (such as the rotating handle of the screw column 203), and the screw column 203 is screwed together with the rear end fixing plate 201a of the U-shaped seat 201 to move forward along the axis;

[0059] Guided movement: The screw column 203 pushes the U-shaped frame 202 forward, and the sliding blocks 202a-1 at both ends of the U-shaped frame 202 slide synchronously along the sliding groove 201b on the top surface of the U-shaped seat 201 (the clearance between the sliding blocks 202a-1 and the sliding groove 201b ensures that the movement direction is accurate and only in the front-to-back direction close to the workpiece);

[0060] Unit linkage: The U-shaped frame drives all the positioning units 100 connected above to move closer to the metal component as a whole until the positioning column 102 at the front end of the positioning unit 100 contacts the surface of the metal component.

[0061] S3: Adaptive fitting stage (positioning unit 100 matches the workpiece contour)

[0062] Elastic expansion and contraction: After the positioning posts 102 contact the metal part, due to the irregular contour of the metal part (such as curved surface, steps, grooves), the positioning posts 102 at different positions are squeezed to different degrees:

[0063] The protruding part of the metal part pushes the corresponding positioning column 102 to retract backward, compressing the first elastic return member 102b inside. The positioning column 102 in the concave part of the metal part remains in an extended state (or slightly contracted), and is always in contact with the surface of the metal part due to the elastic force of the first elastic return member 102b.

[0064] Dynamic balance: The positioning unit 100 is continuously driven to move until all the positioning posts 102 are in close contact with the surface of the metal part (the elastic force of the first elastic reset part 102b and the reaction force of the metal part are balanced), forming a "multi-point wrapping" fit that fully adapts to the special-shaped contour.

[0065] S4: Locking and fixing stage (positioning state locked)

[0066] Synchronous locking: When the positioning column 102 is in place, operate the adjustment lever 103:

[0067] Manual mode: Move the connecting block 103b downward, driving the adjusting rods 103 on both sides of the positioning column 102 to move downward synchronously, so that the rectangular block on the adjusting rod 103 is locked into the isosceles trapezoidal slot 102c on the side wall of the positioning column 102 (the distance between adjacent slots 102c is ≤1mm to ensure locking accuracy);

[0068] Automatic mode (another mode in the embodiment): the electromagnetic block 101d is energized to attract the connecting block 103b and move it downward, and the rectangular block automatically snaps into the slot 102c to achieve locking;

[0069] Rigid fixation: The wedge-shaped cooperation between the rectangular clamping block and the clamping slot 102c forms a self-locking effect, which limits the telescopic state of the positioning column 102, transforming "dynamic self-adaptation" into "static rigid clamping" to prevent the workpiece from loosening during processing;

[0070] S5: Then, the special-shaped metal parts are processed accordingly.

[0071] S6: After the processing is completed, release the workpiece. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0072] S6.1 Unlocking Operation: This unlocking operation has manual mode and automatic mode, as follows:

[0073] In manual mode, the connecting block 103b is moved upward, the rectangular block is separated from the slot 102c, and the positioning column 102 is unlocked;

[0074] In the automatic mode, the electromagnetic block 101d is powered off, the second elastic reset member 101c-1 pushes the connecting block 103b upward, the rectangular block disengages from the slot 102c, and the positioning column 102 is unlocked;

[0075] S6.2 After the unlocking operation is completed, reverse driving is performed: the screw column 203 is rotated in the reverse direction to drive the U-shaped frame and the positioning unit 100 to move backward along the sliding groove 201b. The positioning column 102 is extended under the reset force of the second elastic reset member 101c-1 and separated from the surface of the metal part.

[0076] S6.3 Reset completed: The positioning unit 100 returns to the initial position, the processed metal part is removed, and the entire clamping process is completed.

[0077] In addition, it should be noted that the components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0078] It is important to note that the configuration and arrangement of the present application as shown in various exemplary embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those reading this disclosure should readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in the size, scale, structure, shape, and proportions of various components, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of an element may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature, number, or position of discrete elements may be modified or changed. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to a variety of modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0079] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment may not be described (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention).

[0080] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one positioning unit (100) spaced apart along a workpiece clamping direction, and a clamping drive unit (200) connected to the positioning unit (100) and used for driving the positioning unit (100) to move toward the workpiece side to achieve clamping, wherein the positioning unit (100) has a positioning column (102) that can adaptively extend and retract along the contour of the workpiece, and an adjusting rod (103) for locking the positioning column (102) in a retracted state. The clamping drive unit (200) comprises a U-shaped seat (201), a U-shaped frame (202) connected to the positioning unit (100), and a linear drive member that drives the U-shaped frame (202) to move in a direction toward or away from a workpiece.

2. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning unit (100) comprises an outer protective box (101), the positioning column (102) and the adjusting rod (103); The outer protective box (101) is provided with at least one positioning column (102) at intervals along the vertical direction, and a first elastic reset member (102b) is provided in the positioning column (102), one end of the first elastic reset member (102b) is connected to the positioning column (102), and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box (101), so as to drive the positioning column (102) to elastically extend and retract in a direction close to the workpiece.

3. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A convex groove (102a) with an open rear end is provided in the positioning column (102), the first elastic reset member (102b) is located in the convex groove (102a), a T-shaped rod (101b) is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box (101), the T-shaped rod (101b) is slidably inserted into the convex groove (102a) and abuts against an end of the first elastic reset member (102b) away from the workpiece, so as to drive the positioning column (102) to reset through the elastic force of the first elastic reset member (102b).

4. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slots (102c) are provided on the side wall of the positioning column (102) at intervals along the telescopic direction, and a clamping portion (103a) adapted to the slots (102c) is provided on a side of the adjustment rod (103) close to the positioning column (102); The adjusting rod (103) is movably connected to the outer protective box (101), and the clamping portion (103a) is engaged with or separated from the clamping slot (102c) by moving the adjusting rod (103), thereby achieving locking or unlocking of the telescopic state of the positioning column (102).

5. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal cross-section of the card slot (102c) is an isosceles trapezoid, with the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid facing the side of the adjustment rod (103), and the spacing between adjacent card slots (102c) is ≤1mm; The clamping portion (103a) is a rectangular clamping block adapted to the clamping slot (102c), and rectangular clamping blocks corresponding to the number of positioning posts (102) are provided on the same adjustment rod (103) at intervals in the vertical direction.

6. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting rods (103) are respectively located on both sides of the positioning column (102), and the tops of the adjusting rods (103) are fixedly connected to the same connecting block (103b).

7. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The regulating rod (103) is connected to an automatic driving component, which comprises an electromagnetic block (101d) provided on the top of the outer protective box (101), a guide column (101c) passing through a connecting block (103b) at the top of the regulating rod (103), and a second elastic reset component (101c-1) sleeved on the guide column (101c); The electromagnetic block (101d) is located below the connecting block (103b). When power is on, the electromagnetic block (101d) adsorbs the connecting block (103b) to drive the adjusting rod (103) downward so that the engaging portion (103a) engages with the engaging slot (102c). When power is off, the second elastic reset member (101c-1) drives the adjusting rod (103) upward so that the engaging portion (103a) separates from the engaging slot (102c).

8. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the clamping drive unit (200), the opening of the U-shaped seat (201) faces the workpiece, the U-shaped frame (202) is adapted to the U-shaped seat (201), and a sliding guide structure is provided between both ends of the U-shaped frame (202) and the U-shaped seat (201); The sliding guide structure comprises a sliding block (202a-1) provided at the end of the U-shaped frame (202) and a sliding groove (201b) provided on the top surface of the U-shaped seat (201) and extending in a direction approaching or away from the workpiece; the sliding block (202a-1) and the sliding groove (201b) are clearance-matched to achieve guidance.

9. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of positioning units (100) are connected via a spacing adjustment assembly, the spacing adjustment assembly comprising a guide rod (202b-1) and a rectangular rod (202b) connected to a U-shaped frame (202) of a clamping drive unit (200), a linkage block (204) passing through the guide rod (202b-1) and the rectangular rod (202b), and a locking member (204b-1) for locking the position of the linkage block (204); the linkage block (204) is fixedly connected to an outer protective box (101) of the positioning unit (100); the spacing between adjacent positioning units (100) is adjusted by sliding the linkage block (204) and then fixed by the locking member (204b-1).

10. The clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear drive component comprises a fixing plate (201a) fixed to the rear end of the U-shaped seat (201), a screw column (203) screw-sheathed with the fixing plate (201a), and a driving portion (203a) provided at one end of the screw column (203); an end of the screw column (203) away from the driving portion (203a) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame (202); the screw column (203) is driven to rotate by rotating the driving portion (203a), so that the U-shaped frame (202) moves along the sliding guide structure.

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