Battery pack fixing device and battery replacing method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a battery pack fixing device and a battery replacement method, and relates to the technical field of battery replacement. The battery pack fixing device comprises a positioning piece and a locking assembly. And a positioning groove is formed in the positioning piece. And the positioning piece is mounted on the battery pack. The locking assembly comprises a shell, a driving mechanism and a sliding pin. The shell is installed on a vehicle body. The sliding pin is in sliding fit with the shell. And the sliding pin is opposite to the positioning groove. The driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and used for driving the sliding pin to slide so as to enter or move out of the positioning groove. The battery replacing method is applied to the battery pack fixing device. The battery pack can be quickly mounted or dismounted, the battery can be quickly replaced, the driving mechanism is partially totally closed, and the reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery replacement technology, and in particular to a battery pack fixing device and a battery replacement method. Background Art

[0002] There are two main types of battery pack replacement technologies on the market: the first uses traditional mechanical screw fixing to install and replace the battery pack by tightening and removing multiple screws; the second uses a specially designed quick locking mechanism that uses the rapid opening and closing action of the mechanical device to complete the loading and unloading of the battery pack.

[0003] However, the technical solution of screw locking requires that each screw must be rotated multiple times to reach the specified pre-tightening force, and the entire disassembly and assembly process takes a long time. At the same time, in order to ensure the reliability of the connection, the tightening torque of each screw needs to be precisely controlled, which not only places high demands on the accuracy of the battery swap equipment, but also significantly increases the equipment investment cost of the battery swap station. The quick locking mechanism solution usually adopts the lever principle or hydraulic drive and can complete the locking or unlocking operation in a single action. However, in actual applications, especially in low temperature or icy and snowy weather conditions, the moving parts of the locking mechanism are prone to jamming due to ice, making the entire battery swap operation unable to proceed normally. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention includes providing a battery pack fixing device and a battery replacement method, which can quickly install or remove the battery pack, quickly replace the battery, and the driving mechanism is fully enclosed and highly reliable.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack fixing device, comprising: A positioning member having a positioning groove and mounted on the battery pack; The locking assembly includes a shell, a driving mechanism and a sliding pin. The shell is installed on the vehicle body. The sliding pin slides with the shell. The sliding pin is arranged relative to the positioning groove. The driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and is used to drive the sliding pin to slide to enter or move out of the positioning groove.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a screw, a first nut, a second nut, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The screw is rotatably arranged in the shell, and both ends of the screw are respectively provided with threads with opposite rotation directions. The two ends of the screw are respectively threaded with the first nut and the second nut, and the threads of the first nut and the second nut have opposite rotation directions. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the first nut, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the end of the sliding pin away from the positioning groove. One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the second nut, and the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the end of the sliding pin away from the positioning groove.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, both ends of the screw are rotatably connected to the side walls of the housing via bushings.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the bushing includes a first bushing and a second bushing, the shell includes a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other, the first bushing is embedded in the first side wall, a through hole is opened on the second side wall, a cover plate is provided on the outer side of the second side wall, the second bushing is provided on the cover plate and passes through the through hole, the cover plate and the second side wall are detachably connected, and the two ends of the screw rod are respectively matched with the first bushing and the second bushing.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, a connecting piece is further provided at one end of the screw rod, and the connecting piece is used to connect to a driving piece to rotate the screw rod.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the thread lead angle β of the screw is 5°, and the friction coefficient μ between the screw and the first nut or the second nut is 0.12-0.15.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the positioning groove is a square groove, and the sliding pin is a square pin.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a sliding sleeve is further provided on the housing, a sliding cavity is provided on the sliding sleeve, and the sliding pin passes through the sliding cavity and slides in the sliding cavity.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the notch of the positioning groove is provided with a guiding slope, and the end of the sliding pin close to the positioning groove is provided with a chamfer.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery replacement method, which is applied to the battery pack fixing device described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, and the steps include: When removing the old battery pack, the sliding pin is driven to slide by the driving mechanism to move the sliding pin out of the positioning slot, so that the locking assembly releases the battery pack and the battery pack is removed from the installation position on the vehicle body; When installing a new battery pack, install the new battery pack into the installation position of the vehicle body, drive the sliding pin to slide through the driving mechanism, insert the sliding pin into the positioning groove, and fix the battery pack to the installation position of the vehicle body.

[0015] The battery pack fixing device and battery replacement method provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The battery pack fixing device of the present invention includes a positioning member and a locking assembly. A positioning groove is provided on the positioning member. The positioning member is installed on the battery pack. The locking assembly includes a shell, a driving mechanism and a sliding pin. The shell is installed on the vehicle body. The sliding pin slides in cooperation with the shell. The sliding pin is arranged relative to the positioning groove. The driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and is used to drive the sliding pin to slide so as to enter or move out of the positioning groove. By fixing the positioning member on the battery pack and arranging the locking assembly on the vehicle body. When the battery pack needs to be removed, the sliding pin is driven by the driving mechanism to move out of the positioning groove, so that the locking assembly is disconnected from the positioning member and the battery pack can be removed. When the battery pack needs to be installed, the sliding pin is driven by the driving mechanism to enter the positioning groove, so that the sliding pin is engaged with the positioning groove, thereby fixing the locking assembly and the positioning member, and then fixing the relative position of the battery pack and the vehicle body, thereby achieving the installation of the battery pack. The present invention can quickly install or remove the battery pack and quickly replace the battery. The driving mechanism is fully enclosed and has high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery pack fixing device provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack fixing device provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the screw provided in this embodiment; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the sliding pin and positioning member provided in this embodiment; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of force analysis of the screw provided in this embodiment.

[0018] Icons: 100-battery pack fixing device; 10-positioning piece; 11-positioning groove; 12-guide slope; 20-locking assembly; 21-housing; 211-sleeve; 212-cover; 22-driving mechanism; 221-screw; 2211-connecting piece; 2212-thread; 2221-first bushing; 2222-second bushing; 223-first nut; 224-second nut; 225-first connecting rod; 226-second connecting rod; 227-sliding pin; 2271-chamfer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0025] The overall structure, working principle and technical effects achieved by the battery pack fixing device 100 provided by the present invention, as well as the detailed steps, implementation principles and technical effects achieved by the corresponding battery replacement method are described in detail below through embodiments and in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The battery pack fixing device 100 provided by the present invention is applied to the battery pack replacement technology of new energy vehicles.

[0027] The battery pack securing device 100 includes a positioning member 10 and a locking assembly 20. The positioning member 10 is provided with a positioning slot 11. The positioning member 10 is mounted on the battery pack. The locking assembly 20 includes a housing 21, a drive mechanism 22, and a sliding pin 227. The housing 21 is mounted on the vehicle body. The sliding pin 227 slidably engages with the housing 21. The sliding pin 227 is positioned opposite the positioning slot 11. The drive mechanism 22 is disposed within the housing 21 and is used to drive the sliding pin 227 to slide into or out of the positioning slot 11. It will be understood that the positioning member 10 and the locking assembly 20 are positioned opposite each other. In this embodiment, the positioning member 10 is fixed to the battery pack. A mounting location for the battery pack is provided on the vehicle body, and the locking assembly 20 is disposed at the mounting location. When the battery pack is mounted in the mounting location on the vehicle body, the positioning member 10 and the locking assembly 20 are positioned adjacent to each other. Furthermore, the sliding pin 227 can slide relative to the housing 21, thereby entering or moving out of the positioning slot 11. When the sliding pin 227 enters the positioning slot 11, the positioning member 10 and the locking assembly 20 are relatively fixed, thereby securing the battery pack to the vehicle body. When the sliding pin 227 moves out of the positioning slot 11, the positioning member 10 and the locking assembly 20 are disengaged, allowing the battery pack to be removed from the vehicle body.

[0028] It should be noted that the battery pack securing device 100 in this embodiment is used for battery replacement technology, that is, removing the old battery pack from the vehicle body and then installing a new battery pack on the vehicle body. When the old battery pack needs to be removed from the vehicle body, the drive mechanism 22 drives the sliding pin 227 out of the positioning slot 11. When a new battery pack needs to be installed on the vehicle body, the drive mechanism 22 drives the sliding pin 227 into the positioning slot 11.

[0029] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 22 is completely located inside the housing 21. The housing 21 is a closed structure with high reliability. The sliding pin 227 can slide out of the housing 21 and enter the positioning groove 11, or retract toward the housing 21 and move out of the positioning groove 11.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2Specifically, the drive mechanism 22 in this embodiment includes a screw rod 221, a first nut 223, a second nut 224, a first connecting rod 225, and a second connecting rod 226. The screw rod 221 is rotatably disposed within the housing 21. Threads 2212 with opposite rotation directions are provided at each end of the screw rod 221. The ends of the screw rod 221 engage with the threads 2212 of the first and second nuts 223, 224, respectively. The threads 2212 of the first and second nuts 223, 224 rotate in opposite directions, allowing the first and second nuts 223, 224 to be mounted on the threads 2212 at the ends of the screw rod 221. One end of the first connecting rod 225 is hingedly connected to the first nut 223, and the other end of the first connecting rod 225 is hingedly connected to the end of the sliding pin 227 away from the positioning slot 11. One end of the second connecting rod 226 is hingedly connected to the second nut 224, and the other end of the second connecting rod 226 is hingedly connected to the end of the sliding pin 227 away from the positioning slot 11.

[0031] It is understood that by providing the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 on the screw 221, when the screw 221 rotates, the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move along the axis of the screw 221 under the action of the threads 2212. Since the threads 2212 of the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 rotate in opposite directions, when the screw 221 rotates, the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move in opposite directions along the axis of the screw 221. In this case, by rotating the screw 221 in different directions, the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 can be moved closer to or farther away from each other.

[0032] When the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 are close to each other, the first nut 223 pushes the first connecting rod 225 to rotate, and the second nut 224 pushes the second connecting rod 226 to rotate, so that the angle between the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226 close to the sliding pin 227 becomes smaller, so that while the lengths of the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226 remain unchanged, the ends of the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226 close to the sliding pin 227 move away from the screw rod 221, and then the sliding pin 227 moves away from the screw rod 221, slides out of the shell 21, and enters the positioning groove 11.

[0033] When the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move away from each other, the first nut 223 pulls the first connecting rod 225 to rotate, and the second nut 224 pulls the second connecting rod 226 to rotate, so that the angle between the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226 close to the sliding pin 227 becomes larger, so that while the lengths of the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226 remain unchanged, the ends of the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226 close to the sliding pin 227 move close to the screw rod 221, and then the sliding pin 227 moves close to the screw rod 221, slides into the shell 21, and moves out of the positioning groove 11.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 3 Specifically, in this embodiment, the thread 2212 of the first nut 223 is a left-handed thread 2212, and the thread 2212 of the second nut 224 is a right-handed thread 2212. When the screw rod 221 rotates clockwise, the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move away from each other, and the sliding pin 227 is retracted by the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226, and the sliding pin 227 is disengaged from the positioning groove 11. When the screw rod 221 rotates counterclockwise, the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move toward each other, and the sliding pin 227 is driven out by the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226, and the sliding pin 227 is engaged with the positioning groove 11.

[0035] Of course, in other embodiments, the threads 2212 of the first nut 223 can be right-handed, and the threads 2212 of the second nut 224 can be left-handed. In this case, the relationship between the rotation direction of the screw 221 and the movement direction of the sliding pin 227 is opposite to that in the above embodiment and will not be further described here. This application does not limit the specific rotation direction of the threads 2212 of the first nut 223 and the second nut 224.

[0036] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 Furthermore, both ends of the screw 221 are rotatably connected to the side walls of the housing 21 via bushings. It is understood that the screw 221 is disposed inside the housing 21. Bushings are provided on opposite side walls of the housing 21, and both ends of the screw 221 extend into the bushings, so that the screw 221 and the housing 21 can rotate relative to each other, reducing wear on the screw 221 and the housing 21, and also facilitating the positioning of the screw 221 so that the axial position of the screw 221 is fixed.

[0037] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3Specifically, the bushing includes a first bushing 2221 and a second bushing 2222. The shell 21 includes a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other. The first bushing 2221 is embedded in the first side wall. A through hole is provided on the second side wall. A cover plate 212 is provided on the outer side of the second side wall. The second bushing 2222 is provided on the cover plate 212 and is provided through the through hole. The cover plate 212 and the second side wall are detachably connected. The two ends of the screw rod 221 respectively cooperate with the first bushing 2221 and the second bushing 2222. Furthermore, the two ends of the screw rod 221 extend into the first bushing 2221 and the second bushing 2222 respectively. When installing the screw rod 221, one end of the screw rod 221 is passed through the through hole and moved upward, so that the one end of the screw rod 221 is engaged with the first bushing 2221. The cover plate 212 is then placed on the second side wall, so that the second bushing 2222 is sleeved on the other end of the screw rod 221. The cover plate 212 and the second side wall are fixed with bolts, thereby installing the screw rod 221 in the housing 21. By providing a through hole in the second side wall and providing the cover plate 212, it is possible to facilitate the installation and removal of the screw rod 221, and thus facilitate maintenance or replacement of the bushing.

[0038] Furthermore, one end of the screw rod 221 is provided with a connector 2211. The connector 2211 is used to connect to a driving member to rotate the screw rod 221. In this embodiment, the connector 2211 has a square head structure. Providing one end of the screw rod 221 with a square head structure facilitates connection between one end of the screw rod 221 and the driving member. Specifically, the driving member can be a drive motor. The drive shaft of the drive motor is configured to have a square hole that cooperates with the square head structure, thereby enabling the drive motor to drive the screw rod 221 to rotate.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the positioning slot 11 is a square slot, and the sliding pin 227 is a square pin. It will be appreciated that when the sliding pin 227 engages with the positioning slot 11, the sidewalls of the sliding pin 227 abut against the inner wall of the positioning slot 11. Since the positioning slot 11 and the sliding pin 227 are configured as a square structure, the battery pack can be positioned vertically and forward and backward.

[0040] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 Furthermore, a sliding sleeve 211 is provided on the housing 21. A sliding cavity is provided on the sliding sleeve 211. The sliding pin 227 passes through the sliding cavity and slides in the sliding cavity. It can be understood that by providing the sliding sleeve 211, the sliding cavity can limit the sliding trajectory of the sliding pin 227, preventing the sliding pin 227 from deviating and thus failing to accurately cooperate with the positioning groove 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, the sliding cavity is a square hole structure. The sliding pin 227 passes through the sliding cavity, and the inner wall of the sliding cavity abuts against the outer wall of the sliding pin 227.

[0041] Furthermore, a limiting member (not shown) is provided on the sliding pin 227. The limiting member is used to abut against the sliding sleeve 211, thereby preventing the sliding pin 227 from sliding out of the sliding cavity. Specifically, a first limiting member and a second limiting member are fixed to the sliding pin 227, which are spaced apart. In the case that the sliding pin 227 slides out of the positioning groove 11, the sliding pin 227 continues to slide until the first limiting member abuts against the side of the sliding sleeve 211 located outside the shell 21. This position is the limit position of the sliding pin 227 retracting into the shell 21. In the case that the sliding pin 227 slides out of the shell 21, if the battery pack is not installed at this time, the sliding pin 227 may slide out of the sliding cavity due to improper operation. By providing the second limiting member, the second limiting member abuts against the side of the sliding sleeve 211 located inside the shell 21 during the movement of the sliding pin 227. This position is the limit position of the sliding pin 227 sliding out of the shell 21. By providing a limiting member, the sliding pin 227 can be prevented from sliding out of the sliding cavity, so that the sliding pin 227 slides along a fixed track, thereby improving the accuracy of the battery pack fixing device 100.

[0042] Furthermore, to facilitate the entry of the sliding pin 227 into the positioning slot 11, the notch of the positioning slot 11 is provided with a guiding bevel 12. A chamfer 2271 is provided on the end of the sliding pin 227 closest to the positioning slot 11. Specifically, the guiding bevel 12 and the chamfer 2271 are oriented in the same direction. The provision of the guiding bevel 12 and the chamfer 2271 prevents the sliding pin 227 from colliding with the notch of the positioning slot 11 due to battery pack installation errors.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, the thread 2212 of the screw 221 has a self-locking function. Specifically, the lead angle β of the screw 221 is 5°. Based on force analysis, the force F applied to the screw 221 by the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 can be decomposed into a force component F2 perpendicular to the lead surface of the thread 2212 and a force component F1 tangential to the lead surface of the thread 2212. The relationship between the force components is: F1 = F2 × tanβ.

[0044] Furthermore, the friction coefficient μ between the screw 221 and the first nut 223 or the second nut 224 is 0.12-0.15. In this embodiment, the thread 2212 is a rectangular thread 2212, and the self-locking condition of the thread 2212 is β≤ρ, where ρ is the equivalent friction angle of the thread 2212. According to ρ=arctan(μ / cosα), where α is the thread profile half angle of the thread 2212, and the thread profile half angle α of the rectangular thread 2212 is 0°, ρ=arctanμ, resulting in ρ of 6.84°-8.53°, which satisfies the self-locking condition of β≤ρ.

[0045] This embodiment further provides a battery replacement method, which is applied to the battery pack fixing device 100 provided in the above embodiment. The method includes the following steps: When removing the old battery pack, the driving mechanism 22 drives the sliding pin 227 to slide, and the sliding pin 227 is moved out of the positioning groove 11, so that the locking assembly 20 releases the battery pack and the battery pack is removed from the installation position of the vehicle body.

[0046] Specifically, when the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the screw 221 is rotated so that the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move away from each other, and the sliding pin 227 is retracted by the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226, and the sliding pin 227 is disengaged from the positioning groove 11. At this time, the battery pack is separated from the vehicle body, and the battery pack is moved out of the installation position of the vehicle body.

[0047] When installing a new battery pack, install the new battery pack into the installation position of the vehicle body, drive the sliding pin 227 to slide through the driving mechanism 22, insert the sliding pin 227 into the positioning groove 11, and fix the battery pack in the installation position of the vehicle body.

[0048] Specifically, when the battery pack needs to be installed, the screw 221 is rotated in the opposite direction so that the first nut 223 and the second nut 224 move closer to each other, and the sliding pin 227 is extended by the first connecting rod 225 and the second connecting rod 226. The sliding pin 227 extends into the positioning groove 11 and cooperates with the positioning groove 11 to fix the battery pack.

[0049] The battery pack fixing device 100 and the battery replacement method provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The battery pack fixing device 100 of the present invention includes a positioning member 10 and a locking assembly 20. A positioning groove 11 is provided on the positioning member 10. The positioning member 10 is installed on the battery pack. The locking assembly 20 includes a shell 21, a driving mechanism 22 and a sliding pin 227. The shell 21 is installed on the vehicle body. The sliding pin 227 slides in cooperation with the shell 21. The sliding pin 227 is arranged opposite to the positioning groove 11. The driving mechanism 22 is arranged in the shell 21, and is used to drive the sliding pin 227 to slide to enter or move out of the positioning groove 11. By fixing the positioning member 10 on the battery pack and arranging the locking assembly 20 on the vehicle body. When the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the driving mechanism 22 drives the sliding pin 227 to move out of the positioning groove 11, so that the locking assembly 20 is disconnected from the positioning member 10, and the battery pack can be removed. When the battery pack needs to be installed, the drive mechanism 22 drives the sliding pin 227 into the positioning slot 11, causing the sliding pin 227 to engage with the positioning slot 11, thereby fixing the locking assembly 20 and the positioning member 10, and further fixing the relative position of the battery pack and the vehicle body, thereby completing the installation of the battery pack. The present invention allows for rapid installation and removal of the battery pack and quick battery replacement. The drive mechanism 22 is fully enclosed, providing high reliability.

[0050] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack fixing device (100), characterized in that: include: A positioning member (10), wherein a positioning groove (11) is provided on the positioning member (10), and the positioning member (10) is mounted on the battery pack; A locking assembly (20), the locking assembly (20) comprising a housing (21), a driving mechanism (22) and a sliding pin (227), the housing (21) being mounted on a vehicle body, the sliding pin (227) being in sliding engagement with the housing (21), the sliding pin (227) being arranged relative to the positioning groove (11), the driving mechanism (22) being arranged in the housing (21) and being used to drive the sliding pin (227) to slide so as to enter or move out of the positioning groove (11).

2. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (22) includes a screw (221), a first nut (223), a second nut (224), a first connecting rod (225) and a second connecting rod (226). The screw (221) is rotatably arranged in the housing (21). Both ends of the screw (221) are provided with threads (2212) with opposite rotation directions. The two ends of the screw (221) are respectively matched with the threads (2212) of the first nut (223) and the second nut (224). The first nut (2 23) and the second nut (224) have opposite rotation directions, one end of the first connecting rod (225) is hinged to the first nut (223), the other end of the first connecting rod (225) is hinged to the end of the sliding pin (227) away from the positioning groove (11), one end of the second connecting rod (226) is hinged to the second nut (224), and the other end of the second connecting rod (226) is hinged to the end of the sliding pin (227) away from the positioning groove (11).

3. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the screw (221) are rotatably connected to the side walls of the housing (21) via bushings.

4. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bushing includes a first bushing (2221) and a second bushing (2222); the housing (21) includes a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other; the first bushing (2221) is embedded in the first side wall; a through hole is provided in the second side wall; a cover plate (212) is provided on the outer side of the second side wall; the second bushing (2222) is provided on the cover plate (212) and passes through the through hole; the cover plate (212) and the second side wall are detachably connected; and the two ends of the screw rod (221) are respectively matched with the first bushing (2221) and the second bushing (2222).

5. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the screw rod (221) is further provided with a connecting piece (2211), and the connecting piece (2211) is used to connect to a driving piece to rotate the screw rod (221).

6. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thread lead angle β of the screw (221) is 5°, and the friction coefficient μ between the screw (221) and the first nut (223) or the second nut (224) is 0.12-0.

15.

7. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning groove (11) is a square groove, and the sliding pin (227) is a square pin.

8. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve (211) is further provided on the housing (21), and a sliding cavity is provided on the sliding sleeve (211), and the sliding pin (227) passes through the sliding cavity and slides in the sliding cavity.

9. The battery pack fixing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch of the positioning groove (11) is provided with a guiding inclined surface (12), and one end of the sliding pin (227) close to the positioning groove (11) is provided with a chamfer (2271).

10. A battery replacement method, characterized in that: The battery pack fixing device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: When the old battery pack is removed, the sliding pin (227) is driven to slide inward by the driving mechanism (22), and the sliding pin (227) is moved out of the positioning slot (11), so that the locking assembly (20) releases the battery pack, and the battery pack is moved out of the installation position of the vehicle body; When installing a new battery pack, the new battery pack is installed into the installation position of the vehicle body, the sliding pin (227) is driven to slide outward by the driving mechanism (22), and the sliding pin (227) is inserted into the positioning groove (11), thereby fixing the battery pack at the installation position of the vehicle body.

Images