An electron beam refining continuous casting recycling apparatus and method for recovering recycled high-temperature alloy high-quality casting materials.

Abstract

This invention provides an electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device and method for high-temperature alloy recycled materials, belonging to the field of high-temperature alloy technology. It includes a furnace body, a melting crucible, a hydraulic tilting device, and a casting solidification crucible located inside the furnace body; a molecular pump, a mechanical pump, a diffusion pump, and a Roots pump located outside the furnace body; and a feeding device, a cooling system, and an electron gun connected to both the inside and outside of the furnace body. This invention involves spreading pre-treated high-temperature alloy recycled materials flat above the feeding device, which slowly and horizontally pushes the recycled materials into the melting crucible. After electron beam refining, continuous casting is performed. This invention, through the bombardment of high-energy electron beams and the large superheated environment of the alloy melt, can promote the bombardment decomposition or superheated melting removal of refractory inclusions; it can produce ultra-pure, highly homogeneous recycled material ingots, solving the problems of accumulation and low recycling rate of recycled high-temperature alloy materials of different forms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-temperature alloy technology and relates to an electron beam refining continuous casting recycling device and method for high-temperature alloy high-quality recycled materials. Background Technology

[0002] Cast superalloys are the primary materials for manufacturing blade components such as turbine blades and guide vanes for aero-engines and gas turbines. With the continuous increase in service temperatures and strength of aero-engines and gas turbines, cast superalloy blades are increasingly being developed towards thin-walled, hollow designs. However, current cast superalloy materials suffer from poor processability, and the yield rate of casting processes is also low. According to literature reports, the final weight of finished cast superalloy blade parts accounts for only about 30% of the weight of the base alloy material. A large amount of base alloy material becomes scrap due to casting defects such as impurities, failed crystal selection, and sand adhesion. Furthermore, the continuous increase in the use of cast superalloys generates a large amount of recycled material, including runners, risers, and crystal selectors. Since cast superalloys typically contain rare and expensive metallic elements such as Re and Hf, the accumulation of large amounts of waste not only results in a serious waste of strategic resources but also increases the manufacturing cost of components such as cast superalloy blades. To reduce production costs and improve resource utilization efficiency, it is urgent to apply the recycled material from cast superalloys to the production of the base alloy.

[0003] Currently, China mainly processes high-temperature alloy recycled materials through vacuum induction melting or a dual process of vacuum induction melting combined with electroslag remelting. However, given the high impurity and inclusion content in the recycled materials, relying solely on high vacuum, long-term refining, or the use of specially designed crucible materials is insufficient to meet the quality requirements of ultra-pure, high-homogeneity high-temperature alloys used in aero-engines and gas turbines. Therefore, in actual production practices, high-quality high-temperature alloy materials are often downgraded to ordinary nickel-containing metal materials, resulting in a serious waste of strategic resources. In Europe and the United States, the utilization rate of high-temperature alloy recycled materials reaches 70%–80%, while in China it is only around 15%, mainly concentrated in the field of wrought high-temperature alloys. The main reason for this is that, unlike wrought high-temperature alloys, cast high-temperature alloys, in addition to Al and Ti, contain reactive elements such as Hf and Ta that readily react with the ceramic shell or core during casting, generating refractory oxide inclusions such as HfO2 and Ta2O5. These refractory inclusions are difficult to remove under the temperature and melting environment of vacuum induction melting. On the other hand, compared with virgin alloy materials, the content of impurity elements such as O, N, and S in recycled high-temperature alloy castings is relatively high. The impurity content in recycled high-temperature alloy ingots prepared by traditional smelting processes has not yet broken through the melt characteristic transformation limit, resulting in a series of problems in the subsequent use of recycled alloy ingots, such as poor casting processability, low blade preparation qualification rate, and parts service performance that does not reach the level of virgin materials.

[0004] Therefore, the inventor's team first proposed using electron beam refining technology to purify high-temperature alloy return materials in China (Chinese Invention Patent CN112760508A). Utilizing the high-cleanliness, high-vacuum environment during electron beam refining promotes the removal of impurity elements from the alloy melt, preventing further reaction and doping between the alloy melt and the crucible material and vacuum atmosphere. Simultaneously, relying on the unique Marangoni melt flow and directional solidification of electron beam refining, it promotes the directional migration and induced enrichment of small-sized inclusions on the molten pool surface. Finally, through the bombardment of the high-energy electron beam and the large superheated environment of the alloy melt, it promotes the decomposition of refractory inclusions or their removal through overheating and melting. However, existing electron beam refining technology and methods have poor applicability to return materials from casting high-temperature alloy refineries. Because these return materials vary in size and shape, multiple stacking processes are often required, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0005] Based on this technical principle and process route, we have developed related technologies such as electron beam laminar flow for preparing ultra-pure, high-homogeneity high-temperature alloys, electron beam cold hearth furnace refining of high-temperature alloys, and electron beam droplet melting of high-temperature alloys. However, for recycled high-temperature alloys from casting, the current main approach is a combination of vacuum induction melting and electron beam refining. As disclosed in Chinese invention patents (CN117701895A, CN117701896A, CN117701897A, CN117701898A, CN117701899A, CN117845068A), the recycled high-temperature alloy is first subjected to vacuum induction melting, and then remelted using electron beam droplet melting technology. Although this can reduce the inclusion content in the recycled high-temperature alloy to the level of virgin material, the alloy undergoes two melting processes—vacuum induction melting and electron beam melting—resulting in significant loss of alloy element quality and increased melting costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a technology for the continuous casting and recycling of recycled high-temperature alloy casting materials entirely through electron beam refining. It includes an electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling device and method for high-quality recycled high-temperature alloy casting materials. This invention involves spreading pre-treated high-quality recycled high-temperature alloy casting materials flat above a feeding device. The feeding device then slowly and horizontally pushes the recycled materials into the melting crucible. After electron beam refining, continuous casting is performed, solving the problems of multiple stacking of small-sized recycled materials and low recycling rates in high-temperature alloy casting.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device for recovering high-temperature alloy casting refining materials includes a furnace body, a melting crucible, a hydraulic tilting device, and a casting solidification crucible located inside the furnace body, a molecular pump, a mechanical pump, a diffusion pump, and a Roots pump located outside the furnace body, as well as a feeding device, a cooling system, and an electron gun connected to both the inside and outside of the furnace body. Specifically:

[0009] There are two mechanical pumps. The first mechanical pump is connected to the electron gun via a molecular pump. Valves are installed on the connection channels between the first mechanical pump and the molecular pump, and between the molecular pump and the electron gun, to control the vacuuming process. The second mechanical pump is connected to one end of a Roots pump. The other end of the Roots pump is divided into two branches. One branch is connected to the furnace body via a valve, and the other branch is connected to a diffusion pump via a valve. The diffusion pump is also connected to the furnace body via a valve.

[0010] The electron gun is located at the top of the furnace body and extends deep into the furnace body. It is used to emit an electron beam, which is used to melt and refine the high-temperature alloy return material for casting. The maximum melting power of the electron gun is 300kW, the rated voltage is 30kV, the beam current range is 0~1000mA, and the beam spot diameter is 5~10mm.

[0011] The smelting crucible is located in the lower middle part of the furnace body on the left side. It is made of pure copper to avoid contamination of the refractory crucible material. Its bottom surface is equipped with a hydraulic tilting device, which enables the smelting crucible to be tilted and turned, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the casting process. The smelting crucible is a top-opening container for melting and refining the return material of the high-temperature alloy used for casting. The upper diameter is 300-400 mm, the bottom diameter is 200-300 mm, and the depth is 100-150 mm. A pouring spout is located on the side near the casting and solidification crucible for guiding the flow of the alloy melt, ensuring precise pouring into the casting and solidification crucible.

[0012] The feeding device delivers material from the middle of the furnace body, above the smelting crucible, and places return material for casting high-temperature alloy products on it. The feeding device is connected to the furnace body through a sealed chamber; the chamber door is opened when material needs to be added, and the material is conveyed by a conveyor belt during feeding.

[0013] The casting and solidification crucible is located at the bottom and on the right side of the furnace body, with an opening at the top directly below the pouring spout of the melting crucible. A hydraulic tilting device allows the molten alloy from the melting crucible to be poured into the casting and solidification crucible. The casting and solidification crucible uses a pneumatically operated, fixed-track, detachable copper mold with a diameter of 80-200mm and a height of 300mm-800mm, enabling the crucible to be movable and disassembled, facilitating the removal of large quantities of return ingots after casting.

[0014] The furnace body is also equipped with a cooling system, including cooling water pipes, cooling towers, water chillers, etc., which can maintain the electron beam melting furnace and its vacuum system at room temperature and prevent overheating alarms.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the furnace body is provided with a transparent observation window for observing the state of the alloy melt during electron beam refining and casting, ensuring that the alloy melt is fully melted and refined, and that the alloy melt is smoothly poured into the bottom of the casting and solidification crucible.

[0016] An electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling method for high-temperature alloy casting products, based on the aforementioned electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling device, specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] The first step is to shot peening the returned high-temperature alloy castings.

[0018] The second step is to evacuate the inside of the furnace. Once the target vacuum level is reached, the electron gun is activated for preheating. After preheating, the return material melting stage begins.

[0019] The third step involves processing the recycled high-temperature alloy castings with an electron beam to achieve smelting.

[0020] Step 3.1: Use the feeding device to horizontally push the casting high-temperature alloy products of different shapes and sizes back into the melting crucible;

[0021] Step 3.2: Adjust the melting power of the electron gun. The electron beam acts on the surface of the return material in the melting crucible to melt it. The return material of the high-temperature alloy casting product is melted by the electron beam.

[0022] Step 3.3: After the high-temperature alloy return material to be cast has been fully melted, adjust the refining power of the electron beam. After refining, start the hydraulic tilting device of the melting crucible to pour the alloy melt into the casting solidification crucible, and slowly cool it under the action of the cooling system.

[0023] The fourth step is to continuously collect returned alloy ingots;

[0024] Step 4.1: Continue to feed material into the melting crucible through the feeding device, repeat step 3 until the casting and solidification crucible is full, turn off the electron gun, continue to keep the alloy ingot in a vacuum environment to cool for 2-5 hours, release the vacuum in the furnace body, open the furnace door and take out the ultra-pure return alloy ingot.

[0025] Step 4.2: Inspect the returned alloy ingots. If the returned ingots meet the factory standards after inspection, they need to be machined. Use a lathe to peel off the skin from the returned ingots to ensure that the surface of the returned ingots is smooth.

[0026] Furthermore, in the first step, the high-temperature alloy casting blade production line processes and sorts the recycled high-temperature alloy castings, primarily consisting of runners, risers, feedstocks, and crystal selectors. The recycled high-temperature alloy castings are then shot-peened with nickel beads to remove large ceramic shell fragments adhering to the outer surface of the runners, risers, feedstocks, or crystal selectors. The shot-peening process uses compressed air as power, with a peening pressure of 0.2~0.7MPa, a nickel shot diameter of 0.1~0.5mm, and a peening time of 1min~60min. Finally, the shot-peened recycled high-temperature alloy castings are dried by air blowing to remove dust, oil, and moisture from their surface.

[0027] Furthermore, in the second step, firstly, the adhering substances on the walls of the melting crucible, the furnace chamber, and the surface of the observation window are cleaned. A vacuum cleaner is used to remove any scattered or adhered contaminants. After confirming the furnace is clean, the furnace door is closed. Then, a vacuum is drawn. The vacuuming process is as follows: first, a mechanical pump and a molecular pump are used to draw the vacuum inside the electron gun to 5 × 10⁻⁶. ~3 First, use a mechanical pump and a Roots pump to evacuate the vacuum inside the furnace to above 50 Pa. Then, use a diffusion pump to evacuate the vacuum inside the furnace to above 50 Pa. Finally, use a diffusion pump to evacuate the vacuum inside the furnace to 5 × 10 Pa. ~3 The vacuum level is above Pa, reaching the target vacuum level; the preheating time is 10-20 minutes.

[0028] Furthermore, in the third step:

[0029] In step 3.2, the melting power of the electron gun is slowly adjusted to 4~14kW, and the electron beam acts on the surface of the return material in the melting crucible to slowly melt it. The electron beam scanning frequency is set to 20~40Hz, and the scanning method is surface scanning. The return material of the high-temperature alloy casting is fully melted for 30~90min.

[0030] In step 3.3, after the high-temperature alloy return material to be cast is fully melted, the electron beam refining power is adjusted to 30~50kW and the refining time is 30~60min to promote the sinking of high-density inclusion particles into the melting crucible and the floating of small-sized inclusions to the surface of the melting crucible to be decomposed by the electron beam spot.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 4.2, the detection method is as follows: using a wire cutting machine to take samples from the top and bottom of the returned alloy ingot for composition detection, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur impurity content detection, and inclusion content and size distribution detection, to determine whether the returned ingot meets the standard composition and whether the purity reaches or exceeds the level of new material: if it passes the test, the subsequent machining process is carried out; if there are still casting defects or it does not meet the factory standard, the third step is continued, and the composition of the cast high-temperature alloy ingot is adjusted.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] (1) During the preparation of high-temperature alloy blades, high-quality recycled materials such as runners, risers, runner heads, crystal selectors, and machining debris are usually generated. These high-quality recycled materials usually have different shapes and sizes, so they need to be remelted once by vacuum induction melting, and then remelted by electron beam refining or electroslag remelting, which is a long process and costly. This patent proposes an electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device and method for high-quality recycled materials of high-temperature alloy casting. First, the high-quality recycled materials of high-temperature alloy casting are pretreated efficiently and at low cost. Then, for high-temperature alloy recycled materials of different shapes and types, this invention designs a continuous feeding device, a hydraulic turning device, and a casting solidification crucible, and develops a brand-new electron beam refining continuous casting process. Through continuous feeding, continuous melting, and continuous casting, ultra-pure and highly homogeneous recycled material ingots are prepared, solving the problems of accumulation and low recycling rate of high-temperature alloy recycled materials of different shapes.

[0034] (2) This invention utilizes the high-cleanliness, high-vacuum environment of the electron beam refining process, employing ultra-pure copper melting crucibles and casting solidification crucibles to promote the removal of impurity elements from the alloy melt and prevent further reaction and doping between the alloy melt and the crucible material and vacuum atmosphere. Simultaneously, relying on the unique Marangoni melt flow and directional solidification of electron beam refining, it promotes the directional migration and induced enrichment of small-sized inclusions in the alloy melt to the surface of the molten pool. Finally, through the bombardment of the high-energy electron beam and the large overheating environment of the alloy melt, it promotes the bombardment decomposition or overheating melting and removal of refractory inclusions. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an electron beam continuous refining apparatus and method for recovering recycled high-temperature alloy products.

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a continuous casting apparatus and method for recovering recycled high-temperature alloy high-quality casting materials.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Molecular pump; 2. Valve; 3. Mechanical pump; 4. Return material for casting high-temperature alloy products; 5. Feeding device; 6. Melting crucible; 7. Hydraulic tilting device; 8. Cooling system; 9. Observation window; 10. Electron gun; 11. Electron beam; 12. Tilting nozzle; 13. Casting solidification crucible; 14. Diffusion pump; 15. Roots pump; 16. Furnace body. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific implementation examples.

[0039] The electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device for high-temperature alloy recycled materials used in this embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, the electron beam refining continuous casting and recovery device includes a furnace body 16, a melting crucible 6, a hydraulic tilting device 7, a tilting nozzle 12, and a casting and solidification crucible 13 located inside the furnace body 16; a molecular pump 1, a mechanical pump 3, a diffusion pump 14, and a Roots pump 15 located outside the furnace body 16; and a feeding device 5, a cooling system 8, and an electron gun 10 communicating with both the inside and outside of the furnace body 16. Specifically:

[0040] There are two mechanical pumps 3. The first mechanical pump 3 is connected to the electron gun 10 via a molecular pump 1. Valves 2 are provided on the connection channels between the first mechanical pump 3 and the molecular pump 1, and between the molecular pump 1 and the electron gun 10. The second mechanical pump 3 is connected to one end of a Roots pump 15. The other end of the Roots pump 15 is divided into two branches. One branch is connected to the furnace body 16 via a valve 2, and the other branch is connected to a diffusion pump 14 via a valve 2. The diffusion pump 14 is also connected to the furnace body 16 via a valve 2.

[0041] The electron gun 10 is located at the top of the furnace body 16 and extends into the interior of the furnace body 16 to emit an electron beam 11.

[0042] The smelting crucible 6 is located in the lower middle part of the furnace body 16 and on the left side. It is made of pure copper and has a hydraulic tilting device 7 on its bottom surface. The hydraulic tilting device 7 enables the smelting crucible 6 to tilt and tilt, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the casting process. The smelting crucible 6 is a top-opening container for melting and refining the return material of the high-temperature alloy for casting. The diameter of the upper end is 360mm, the diameter of the lower end is 260mm, and the depth is 120mm. A tilting spout 12 is provided on the side of the crucible near the casting and solidification crucible 13 for guiding the flow of the alloy melt and accurately casting it into the casting and solidification crucible 13.

[0043] The feeding device 5 feeds material from the middle of the furnace body 16, above the melting crucible 6, and places the return material 4 of the high-temperature alloy casting on it. The feeding device 5 is connected to the furnace body 16 through a sealed chamber. When material needs to be added, the chamber door is opened, and the material is conveyed by a conveyor belt.

[0044] The casting and solidification crucible 13 is located at the bottom and on the right side of the furnace body 16, with an opening at the top directly below the pouring spout 12 of the melting crucible 6. The casting and solidification crucible 13 uses a pneumatically operated, fixed-track, detachable copper mold with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 500 mm, enabling the movement and disassembly of the casting and solidification crucible 13 for removing large quantities of return ingots after casting.

[0045] The furnace body 16 is also equipped with a cooling system 8, which is a water chiller in this embodiment.

[0046] The furnace body 16 has a transparent observation window 9 on its top.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] This embodiment selects a high-quality recycled material of hafnium-containing cast high-temperature alloy as the subject of the embodiment. During investment casting, hafnium-containing cast high-temperature alloys are prone to interfacial reactions with the crucible, mold shell, and core, generating refractory inclusions such as HfO2. This leads to casting defects in the alloy blades during the manufacturing process, resulting in the scrapping of the blades. The specific steps include:

[0049] The first step involves sorting and collecting high-quality return material 4, primarily consisting of runners, risers, feedstocks, and crystal selectors, through the processing and quality inspection departments of the high-temperature alloy casting production line. Next, shot peening with nickel beads is performed to remove large pieces of ceramic shell adhering to the outer surface of the high-temperature alloy return material 4, including runners, risers, feedstocks, and crystal selectors. The shot peening process uses compressed air as power, with a peening pressure of 0.7 MPa, a nickel shot particle size of 0.5 mm, and a peening time of 10 minutes. Finally, the shot-peened high-temperature alloy return material 4 is dried by air blowing to remove dust, oil, and moisture from its surface.

[0050] The second step involves first cleaning the walls of the melting crucible, the chamber, and the observation window to remove any adhering contaminants using a vacuum cleaner. Once the electron beam melting furnace body 16 is confirmed to be clean, the furnace door is closed. Then, the vacuum level inside the electron gun 10 is evacuated to 2 × 10⁻⁶ using the mechanical pump 3 and the molecular pump 1. ~3 Using mechanical pump 3 and Roots pump 15, the vacuum level inside furnace body 16 is evacuated to 40 Pa. Then, a diffusion pump is used to evacuate the vacuum level inside furnace body 16 to 3 × 10 Pa. ~3 Pa; Finally, after reaching the target vacuum level, the electron gun 10 is activated and preheated for 20 minutes. After preheating, the return material melting stage begins.

[0051] The third step involves firstly, using the feeding device 5 to slowly and horizontally push the return material 4 of high-temperature alloy castings of different shapes and sizes into the melting crucible 6; secondly, slowly adjusting the melting power of the electron gun 10 to 14kW, and using the electron beam 11 to slowly melt the surface of the return material in the melting crucible 6. The scanning frequency of the electron beam 11 is set to 20Hz, and the scanning method is surface scanning, to fully melt the return material of the high-temperature alloy castings for 60 minutes; then, after the return material of the high-temperature alloy castings has been fully melted, the refining power of the electron beam 11 is adjusted to 30kW to promote the sinking of high-density inclusion particles into the melting crucible, while small-sized inclusions float to the surface of the melting crucible 6 and are decomposed by the electron beam spot; finally, after refining with the electron beam 11 for 30 minutes, the hydraulic tilting device 7 of the melting crucible 6 is activated to begin pouring the alloy melt into the casting solidification crucible 13, which is then slowly cooled by the cooling system 8.

[0052] The fourth step involves first feeding material into the melting crucible 6 via the feeding device 5, repeating the third step until the casting and solidification crucible 13 is full. Then, the electron gun 10 is shut off, and the alloy ingot is kept in a vacuum environment for 3 hours to cool. The furnace vacuum is then released, and the furnace door is opened to remove the ultra-pure recycled alloy ingot. Next, a wire cutting machine is used to take samples from the top and bottom of the ingot for composition testing, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur impurity content testing, and inclusion content and size distribution testing. The test results show that the composition of the ultra-pure, highly homogeneous cast high-temperature alloy recycled ingot is within the standard range. The O, N, and S impurity contents are 1.8 ppmw, 1.2 ppmw, and 4.9 ppmw, respectively, equivalent to removing 78% of O, 80% of N, and 38% of S from the recycled material. The inclusion content is 0.307 mg / kg, and the number of refractory oxides such as HfO2 and Ta2O5 per unit area is significantly reduced, achieving a removal rate of over 95% compared to the recycled material. Finally, the recycled hafnium-containing high-temperature alloy ingots are machined. A lathe is used to peel off the outer layer of the recycled ingots, ensuring a smooth surface. After machining, each bar is marked with its grade and number, and then stored separately according to the type and grade of recycled material, and promptly returned to the warehouse.

[0053] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the implementation methods of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron beam refining continuous casting recycling device for high-temperature alloy high-quality recycled materials, characterized in that, The electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device includes a furnace body (16), a melting crucible (6), a hydraulic tilting device (7), and a casting solidification crucible (13) located inside the furnace body (16), a molecular pump (1), a mechanical pump (3), a diffusion pump (14), and a Roots pump (15) located outside the furnace body (16), as well as a feeding device (5), a cooling system (8), and an electron gun (10) connected to the inside and outside of the furnace body (16). There are two mechanical pumps (3). The first mechanical pump (3) is connected to the electron gun (10) through the molecular pump (1). Valves (2) are provided on the connection channels between the first mechanical pump (3) and the molecular pump (1) and between the molecular pump (1) and the electron gun (10) to control the vacuuming process. The second mechanical pump (3) is connected to one end of the Roots pump (15). The other end of the Roots pump (15) is divided into two branches. One branch is connected to the furnace body (16) through the valve (2), and the other branch is connected to the diffusion pump (14) through the valve (2). The diffusion pump (14) is also connected to the furnace body (16) through the valve (2). The electron gun (10) is located at the top of the furnace body (16) and extends into the interior of the furnace body (16) to emit an electron beam (11). The electron beam (11) is used to melt and refine the high-temperature alloy return material for casting. The smelting crucible (6) is located in the lower part of the furnace body (16) and on the left side. Its bottom surface is provided with a hydraulic tilting device (7), which realizes the tilting and tilting function of the smelting crucible (6). The smelting crucible (6) is a top-opening container for melting and refining the return material of the casting high-temperature alloy. It is provided with a tilting spout (12) on the side near the casting solidification crucible (13) for guiding the flow of the alloy melt so that it can be accurately poured into the casting solidification crucible (13). The feeding device (5) feeds material from the middle of the furnace body (16) and above the melting crucible (6), and places the high-temperature alloy fine return material (4) on it; the feeding device (5) is connected to the furnace body through a sealed chamber. When it is necessary to add material, the chamber door is opened, and the material is conveyed by a conveyor belt. The casting solidification crucible (13) is located at the bottom and on the right side of the furnace body (16), with an opening at the top. The opening is located directly below the pouring spout (12) of the melting crucible (6). The alloy melt in the melting crucible (6) is poured into the casting solidification crucible (13) by a hydraulic tilting device (7). The casting solidification crucible (13) adopts a pneumatic fixed-track separable copper mold with a diameter of 80~200mm and a height of 300mm~800mm to realize the movable and detachable function of the casting solidification crucible (13).

2. The electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device for high-temperature alloy high-quality recycled material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electron gun (10) has a maximum melting power of 300kW, a rated voltage of 30kV, a beam current range of 0~1000mA, and a beam spot diameter of 5~10mm.

3. The electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device for high-temperature alloy high-quality recycled material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smelting crucible (6) is made of pure copper and is a top-open container for melting and refining the return material of high-temperature alloy casting.

4. The electron beam refining continuous casting and recycling device for high-temperature alloy high-quality recycled material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (16) is also equipped with a cooling system (8); the top of the furnace body (16) is equipped with a transparent observation window (9).

5. A method for continuous casting and recycling of high-temperature alloy casting high-quality recycled materials using electron beam refining, characterized in that, The process, based on the electron beam refining continuous casting and recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, specifically includes the following steps: The first step is to shot peening the returned high-temperature alloy castings (4); The second step is to evacuate the inside of the furnace body (16) and start the electron gun (10) to preheat after the target vacuum level is reached. After the preheating is completed, the return material melting stage is entered. The third step is to process the recycled material (4) of the high-temperature alloy casting product using an electron beam (11) to achieve smelting; Step 3.1: Use the feeding device (5) to horizontally push the casting high-temperature alloy fine products (4) of different shapes and sizes into the melting crucible (6); Step 3.2, adjust the melting power of the electron gun (10), and the electron beam (11) acts on the surface of the return material in the melting crucible (6) to melt it. The return material (4) of the high-temperature alloy casting product is melted by the electron beam (11). Step 3.3: After the high-temperature alloy return material (4) to be cast is fully melted, adjust the refining power of the electron beam (11), and after refining, start the hydraulic tilting device (7) of the melting crucible (6) to pour the alloy melt into the casting solidification crucible (13) and slowly cool it under the action of the cooling system (8). The fourth step is to continuously collect returned alloy ingots; Step 4.1: Continue to feed material into the melting crucible (6) through the feeding device (5), repeat step 3 until the casting solidification crucible (13) is full, turn off the electron gun (10), continue to keep the alloy ingot in the vacuum environment to cool for 2-5 hours, release the vacuum of the furnace body (16), open the furnace door to take out the ultra-pure return alloy ingot. Step 4.2: Inspect the returned alloy ingots. If the returned ingots meet the factory standards after inspection, process them to ensure that the surface of the returned ingots is smooth.

6. The electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling method for high-temperature alloy premium product return materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the first step, nickel beads are used to shot peening the high-temperature alloy return material (4). The shot peening process is powered by compressed air, with a shot peening pressure of 0.2~0.7MPa, a nickel shot particle size of 0.1~0.5mm, and a shot peening time of 1min~60min.

7. The electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling method for high-temperature alloy premium product return materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the second step, the vacuuming process is as follows: First, a mechanical pump (3) and a molecular pump (1) are used to pump the vacuum inside the electron gun (10) to 5×10⁻⁶. ~3 The vacuum level inside the furnace body (16) is then evacuated to above 50 Pa using a mechanical pump (3) and a Roots pump (15). Finally, a diffusion pump (14) is used to evacuate the vacuum level inside the furnace body (16) to 5 × 10 Pa. ~3 The vacuum level is above Pa, reaching the target vacuum level; the preheating time is 10-20 minutes.

8. The electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling method for high-temperature alloy refined product return materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the third step: In step 3.2, the melting power of the electron gun (10) is 4~14kW, the melting time is 30~90min, and the scanning frequency of the electron beam (11) is 20~40Hz, and the scanning method is area scanning. In step 3.3, the refining power of the electron beam (11) is 30~50kW and the refining time is 30~60min.

9. The electron beam refining and continuous casting recycling method for high-temperature alloy refined product return materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 4.2, the detection method is to determine whether the returned material ingot meets the standard composition and whether the purity reaches or exceeds the level of the new material: if it passes the test, the subsequent machining process is carried out; if there are still casting defects or it does not meet the factory standard, the third step is continued and the composition of the cast high-temperature alloy ingot is adjusted.

Images