Water-plant-rich shoal environment half-water-carrying desilting equipment and desilting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to water-plant-rich shoal environment half-zone water dredging equipment. Comprising an amphibious flushing and sucking ship, a front high-pressure slurry making assembly is arranged on the front portion of the amphibious flushing and sucking ship, a left high-pressure slurry making assembly is arranged on the left side of the amphibious flushing and sucking ship, and a right high-pressure slurry making assembly is arranged on the right side of the amphibious flushing and sucking ship. The periphery of the amphibious flushing and sucking boat is provided with a controllable lifting impurity separation curtain assembly, the amphibious flushing and sucking boat further comprises a water taking pipe, and the front high-pressure slurry making assembly, the left high-pressure slurry making assembly, the right high-pressure slurry making assembly and the suspended plow harrow assembly are connected with a water taking branch pipe; a main reamer pump assembly is installed at the bottom of the ship, an outlet of the main reamer pump assembly is connected to an inlet of the shipborne centrifugal mud pump, and the shipborne mud pipe is connected with the shipborne centrifugal mud pump. The desilting equipment can enter and exit from a site conveniently for desilting construction, the influence of plant root systems is avoided, and the desilting construction efficiency is improved. The invention further relates to a dredging method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dredging, and in particular relates to a semi-water dredging device for a shallow area rich in aquatic plants, and also relates to a dredging method. Background Art

[0002] The siltation of reservoirs leads to a reduction in storage capacity, which not only affects the benefits of the reservoirs and seriously threatens the service life of the reservoirs, but also causes a series of social security problems. Therefore, dredging of reservoirs is particularly critical. The shallows of the reservoirs are overgrown with fibrous and highly entangled plants such as waterweed and reeds, which bring great trouble to dredging of the reservoirs. When using traditional dredging equipment (usually suction dredgers) for dredging, the roots of the aforementioned plants cause the cutters to become entangled, accompanied by problems such as pipe and pump blockage, requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance, making it difficult to continue construction, seriously restricting construction efficiency and affecting the progress of the project. In addition, the existing dredging equipment has the following defects during construction: it is difficult to transfer construction vessels and equipment to inland reservoirs, which has construction limitations.

[0003] In summary, it is necessary to develop and design new dredging equipment suitable for reservoir scenarios, and to develop a dredging method based on the aforementioned dredging equipment to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environments rich in aquatic plants, which is convenient for entering and exiting the site for dredging construction, gets rid of the influence of plant roots, and improves the efficiency of dredging construction.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a semi-water dredging equipment for a shallow environment rich in aquatic plants, including an amphibious flushing and suction boat, a front high-pressure pulping assembly is provided at the front of the amphibious flushing and suction boat, a left high-pressure pulping assembly is provided on the left side, and a right high-pressure pulping assembly is provided on the right side, a bow hydraulic arm is installed at the front of the amphibious flushing and suction boat, a suspended plow assembly is installed at the end of the bow hydraulic arm, and a controllable lifting curtain assembly is installed around the amphibious flushing and suction boat, and also includes a water intake pipe, the water intake pipe includes a water intake main pipe and multiple water intake branches, the front high-pressure pulping assembly, the left high-pressure pulping assembly, the right high-pressure pulping assembly and the suspended plow assembly are connected to the water intake branch pipe; a main cutter pump assembly is installed on the bottom of the boat, and also includes a ship-borne centrifugal mud pump and a ship-borne mud discharge pipe, the outlet of the main cutter pump assembly is connected to the inlet of the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump through a pipeline, and the end of the ship-borne mud discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump.

[0006] Preferably, the front high-pressure pulping assembly, the left high-pressure pulping assembly and the right high-pressure pulping assembly have the same structure, all including a track and a base that moves along the track, a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure nozzle are installed on the base, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the injection direction of the high-pressure nozzle is also installed on the base.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a spare high-pressure pulping assembly that can be installed on the bow hydraulic arm, and the spare high-pressure pulping assembly includes a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure nozzle.

[0008] Preferably, the debris curtain assembly includes a drive box and a drive motor that are relatively arranged and installed on the side of the amphibious suction vessel. A rotating shaft and a debris curtain that is retracted and unreeled by the rotating shaft are provided between the drive boxes. A counterweight beam is installed at the bottom of the debris curtain. A debris removal grate for removing dirt on the surface of the debris curtain when reeling is installed on the drive box. Patches are installed between adjacent debris curtains, and the sides of the patches are detachably connected to the debris curtains.

[0009] Preferably, the suspended plowshare assembly includes a harrow roller driven by a hydraulic pump, with harrow teeth installed on the outer wall of the harrow roller, water holes with radial spraying directions and a water inlet pipe for supplying high-pressure water to the inner cavity of the harrow roller.

[0010] Preferably, the device further comprises an auxiliary cutter pump and a floating body, wherein the auxiliary cutter pump is mounted on the floating body, and an outlet of the auxiliary cutter pump is connected to an inlet of an onboard centrifugal mud pump through a pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the main reamer pump assembly comprises a track and a base movable along the track, and the main reamer pump is mounted on the base.

[0012] Preferably, the amphibious suction ramming vessel includes a walkable hull, hydraulic legs are installed on both sides of the front of the hull, and a positioning steel pile assembly is installed at the rear of the hull. The positioning steel pile assembly includes a trolley that can be shifted forward and backward, and the positioning steel piles and a lifting drive mechanism for driving the positioning steel piles to move up and down are installed on the trolley.

[0013] Preferably, a vertically penetrating lifting hole is provided in the middle of the hull, and a maintenance crane is installed on the side of the lifting hole. The maintenance crane can lift and lower the main cutter pump of the main cutter pump assembly through the lifting hole.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dredging method based on the aforementioned semi-water dredging equipment in a shallow environment rich in aquatic plants. The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, preparation before construction: Build a cofferdam to form a mud receiving area, lay out a sedimentation tank, a water storage tank and an onshore mud discharge pipe. The onshore mud discharge pipe is extended to the mud receiving area. The water outlet of the mud receiving area is connected to the water inlet of the sedimentation tank through a return pipe or an open ditch. The water outlet of the sedimentation tank is connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank through a return pipe or an open ditch. Step S2: construct a mud pool and station an amphibious suction vessel: A mud pool is constructed in the desilting area. An amphibious suction vessel is moved into the mud pool. The end of the water intake pipe is placed in the reservoir. The mud discharge pipe on the vessel is connected to the mud discharge pipe on land. The barrier curtain assembly is lowered until the counterweight drop beam is 10 to 20 cm from the bottom of the mud pool. Patches are installed between adjacent barrier curtains. Step S3, high-pressure flushing and slurry making: Start the front high-pressure slurrying assembly and / or the left high-pressure slurrying assembly and / or the right high-pressure slurrying assembly to flush the soil at the desilting location, separating the soil from the plant roots. The resulting mud enters the mud pool, and the plants float on the surface of the mud; Step S4, mud discharge: Start the main auger pump assembly and the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump. The mud in the mud pool is sucked into the main auger pump of the main auger pump assembly. The debris contained in the mud is broken by the blades at the same time. The ship-borne centrifugal mud pump transports the mud to the mud receiving area through the ship's mud discharge pipe and the onshore mud discharge pipe. The drainage in the mud receiving area is returned to the sedimentation tank. The upper clear water after sedimentation is returned to the water reservoir for circulation in the water intake pipe. Step S5, collecting and transferring the remaining plants: Replace the hydraulic arm at the bow with a grass rake to collect the remaining plants, load them onto ships or trucks and transport them to designated locations; Step S6, move the ship and repeat steps S3 to S5: After completing the flushing and cleaning operations at the current location, the amphibious flushing and suction vessel is moved to the next location and parked, and the aforementioned steps S3 to S5 are repeated; Step S7: Level the bottom of the water and trim the slope to complete the construction: The bow hydraulic arm and suspended plow assembly are started, and the suspended plow assembly is used to level the bottom of the water. At the same time, the slope is trimmed according to the process requirements to complete the entire construction.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a semi-water dredging equipment and a dredging method for a shallow environment rich in aquatic plants. Compared with the existing dredging equipment and dredging methods, the present invention has the following advantages: first, the dredging equipment is based on an amphibious suction vessel with autonomous movement capability, which solves the limitation problem that the existing dredging ship equipment is inconvenient to transfer to inland reservoirs. The dredging equipment is convenient for entering and exiting the site for dredging construction, and is also very convenient for allocation and transfer between different project sites; second, the dredging equipment and dredging method adopt high-pressure flushing slurrying and mud discharge as the core construction principle and construction steps, which solves the problem of shutdown caused by the entanglement of the auger of the existing construction equipment by the plant roots and the shutdown caused by the blockage of pipes and pumps, thereby getting rid of the adverse effects of the plant roots on the construction process and improving the efficiency of dredging construction.

[0016] This dredging equipment features a debris curtain assembly around the amphibious suction vessel that isolates floating debris such as plants from the mud surface, preventing them from being sucked in by the ship's centrifugal mud pump. The main auger pump assembly crushes any debris that is sucked in, further preventing pipe and pump blockages. The main auger pump assembly also provides a certain amount of power for mud transportation. After dredging is completed, a suspended plow rake is used to level the bottom of the water and trim the slopes, improving construction quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the central partition curtain assembly; Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the dredging method of the present invention.

[0018] In the picture: 1. Hull; 2. Hydraulic outriggers; 3. Debris curtain assembly; 3-1. Drive motor; 3-2. Drive box; 3-3. Rotating shaft; 3-4. Debris curtain; 3-5. Counterweight beam; 3-6. Patch; 3-7. Debris removal grate; 4. Left high-pressure pulping assembly; 5. Front high-pressure pulping assembly; 6. Right high-pressure pulping assembly; 7. Spare high-pressure pulping assembly; 8. Lifting tunnel; 9. Main cutter pump assembly; 10. Maintenance crane; 11. Bow hydraulic arm; 12. Suspended plow assembly; 13. Auxiliary cutter pump; 14. Floating body; 15. Water intake pipe; 16. Shipboard centrifugal mud pump; 17. Positioning steel pile assembly; 18. Ship engine control room; 19. Onboard mud discharge pipe; 20. Mud pool; 21. Relay mud pump; 22. Onshore mud discharge pipe; 23. Mud receiving area; 24. Sedimentation tank; 25. Reservoir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are given to illustrate in detail.

[0020] The term "half-water" in the present invention is explained as follows: half-water refers to the process of slurrying being exposed to the air. If the excavator excavates the soil, it is dry excavation, and the rake suction and winch suction in the water are full-water operations. For example, on a dry beach, the soil is impacted by a high-speed jet of a high-pressure water gun, and the soil particles flow into the mud pool with the high-speed jet. Then the mud pump sucks away the high-concentration mud, which is a half-water operation. Its characteristics are high concentration and low water consumption. The less water in the mud pool, the better, as long as the mud pump can operate normally. In this way, the mud is not easily diluted or spread over a large area. Although the construction process utilizes high-speed water flow, the operating environment is between the dry excavation construction environment of the excavator and the underwater dredging operation environment, so it is called half-water operation. It is particularly suitable for environments such as reservoirs with serious siltation, high-silt river channels, and wetlands with aquatic plants.

[0021] See Figure 1 The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environments rich in aquatic plants of the present invention includes an amphibious flushing and suction vessel, that is, the dredging equipment is constructed based on the amphibious flushing and suction vessel, which is a construction ship with autonomous movement capabilities both on land and in water.

[0022] The amphibious blister suction vessel includes a walkable hull 1, with hydraulic outriggers 2 installed on both sides of the front of the hull 1, and a positioning steel pile assembly 17 installed at the rear of the hull 1. The positioning steel pile assembly 17 includes a trolley that can be moved forward and backward, on which are installed positioning steel piles and a lifting drive mechanism that drives the positioning steel piles to move up and down. A ship engine control room 18 is also provided on the hull 1. The hull 1 is an integral hull composed of multiple watertight compartments and has the ability to float in water or mud. When parked for construction, the two hydraulic outriggers 2 are driven by their own hydraulic cylinders to descend and the bottom of the legs contacts the mud surface at the bottom of the water, providing a stable support. At the same time, the positioning steel piles of the positioning steel pile assembly 17 descend and the lower end is inserted into the mud surface at the bottom of the water, acting as an anchor for the ship. The positioning steel pile assembly 17 has the same structure and the same anchoring and ship-moving functions as the existing positioning steel pile assemblies used in various types of construction ships, and will not be described in detail.

[0023] In this embodiment, the amphibious sluice vessel has a hull 1 of 12 meters long and 3.3 meters wide, equipped with a dual oil-electric power system. Electric drive can be used in areas where circuit installation is convenient, with the power supply cable connected to the vessel's electrical cabinet. This effectively reduces power costs. In areas where circuit installation is unavailable, oil can be used as a power source, with the vessel's fuel-powered generator generating electricity, effectively expanding its scope of application. When transporting long distances over land, the dredging equipment based on this amphibious sluice vessel is typically transported by trailer. This solves the problem of existing construction vessels being inconvenient for transport to inland reservoirs (as well as rivers, wetlands, etc.).

[0024] A front high-pressure pulping assembly 5 is provided at the front of the hull 1 of the amphibious assault and suction vessel, a left high-pressure pulping assembly 4 is provided on the left side, and a right high-pressure pulping assembly 6 is provided on the right side. A bow hydraulic arm 11 is also installed at the front of the hull 1 of the amphibious assault and suction vessel. The structure of the bow hydraulic arm 11 is similar to that of the excavator hydraulic arm, which will not be repeated here.

[0025] The front high-pressure pulping assembly 5, the left high-pressure pulping assembly 4, and the right high-pressure pulping assembly 6 are used to provide high-pressure flushing and pulping functions at the front, left, and right sides. In this embodiment, the front high-pressure pulping assembly 5, the left high-pressure pulping assembly 4, and the right high-pressure pulping assembly 6 have the same structure, each including a track and a base that moves along the track. A high-pressure pump and a high-pressure nozzle are installed on the base. An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the injection direction of the high-pressure nozzle is also installed on the base. The adjustment mechanism is subject to on-site control from the ship engine control room 18. Specifically, the adjustment mechanism includes a rotation adjustment mechanism and a pitch adjustment mechanism. The rotation of the high-pressure nozzle can be controlled by the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the pitch angle of the high-pressure nozzle can be controlled by the pitch adjustment mechanism, thereby enabling the injection direction of the high-pressure nozzle to be appropriately adjusted. A translation mechanism is installed on the base, and the position of the base on the track can be controlled by the translation mechanism, thereby enabling the injection position to be appropriately adjusted.

[0026] In this embodiment, a spare high-pressure pulping component 7 that can be installed on the bow hydraulic arm 11 is also included. The spare high-pressure pulping component 7 includes a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure nozzle. The spray direction and spray position of the high-pressure nozzle can be adjusted and set by controlling the posture of the bow hydraulic arm 11. For example, after the spare high-pressure pulping component 7 is installed on the bow hydraulic arm 11, the bow hydraulic arm 11 can be used to lift it to a high position and perform high-pressure flushing and pulping in the air from a high position. The spare high-pressure pulping component 7 can also be placed underwater to perform water jet pulping from underwater.

[0027] It is conceivable that multiple high-pressure slurrying assemblies can be concentrated and applied to a single location for jet flushing, thereby forming a highly concentrated slurry in the slurry pool 20. The impact of the high-pressure water flow effectively separates the soil from the aquatic plants, allowing most of the low-density and light-weight plants to float on the water surface, away from the slurry inlet, effectively reducing the probability of pump and pipe blockage.

[0028] A suspended rake assembly 12 is mounted at the end of the bow hydraulic arm 11. This assembly is used to level the bottom and trim the slopes after regional desilting. In this embodiment, the suspended rake assembly 12 includes a rake roller driven by a hydraulic pump. Rake teeth are mounted on the outer wall of the roller. The roller is provided with radially directed water jet holes and a water inlet pipe for delivering high-pressure water into the roller's inner cavity. Specifically, the water inlet pipe is connected to the roller using a rotary sealing joint, so that the water inlet pipe does not affect the rotation of the roller and its teeth. During construction, the bow hydraulic arm 11 moves the suspended rake assembly 12 to the bottom mud surface or the slope surface and moves it horizontally. As the suspended rake assembly 12 rotates, it ejects high-pressure water from the water jet holes, scouring, leveling, and trimming the bottom and slope surface.

[0029] It also includes a water intake pipe 15, which includes a water intake main pipe and multiple water intake branches. The high-pressure pump of the front high-pressure pulping assembly 5, the high-pressure pump of the left high-pressure pulping assembly 4, the high-pressure pump of the right high-pressure pulping assembly 6 and the water inlet pipe of the suspended rake assembly 12 are connected to each water intake branch. The water intake main pipe extends to the nearby water reservoir 25, and each water-using assembly draws water from the water reservoir 25 through the water intake branch pipe and the water intake main pipe. The far end of the water intake main pipe can be made of a 500mm diameter steel pipe or a high-strength PE pipe, and the proximal end can be made of a 500mm diameter hose. The end of the water intake main pipe can be supported by a float on the water surface of the water reservoir 25.

[0030] A main cutter pump assembly 9 is installed on the bottom of the ship, along with a shipboard centrifugal mud pump 16 and a shipboard mud discharge pipe 19. The outlet of the main cutter pump assembly 9 is connected to the inlet of the shipboard centrifugal mud pump 17 via a pipeline, and the end of the shipboard mud discharge pipe 19 is connected to the outlet of the shipboard centrifugal mud pump 16. The main cutter pump assembly 9 is used to extract mud and provide a certain amount of power for mud transportation. The shipboard centrifugal mud pump 16 and the shipboard mud discharge pipe 19 are used to transport mud.

[0031] In this embodiment, the main auger pump assembly 9 includes a track and a base that can move along the track. The main auger pump is installed on the base, so that the base and its main auger pump can be controlled to move back and forth along the track. The main auger pump is equipped with high-strength tungsten steel blades, which cut and crush plants and debris (reed roots, cattail roots, small tree roots, etc.) in the mud during operation (crushed to a diameter of less than 5 cm), avoiding pump and pipe blockage problems. On the other hand, a filter screen can be installed at the pump port of the auger pump to block large debris (such as large stones, thick wood piles, etc.) from being sucked out and to avoid damage to the cutting blades, further avoiding pump and pipe blockage problems. The main auger pump of the main auger pump assembly 9 can be equipped with a jet tube to generate a jet effect during operation. At this time, the water inlet of the main auger pump is connected to one of the water intake branches of the water intake pipe 15.

[0032] Controllable lifting and lowering debris curtain assemblies 3 are installed around the hull 1 of the amphibious flushing and suction ship. After the debris curtain assemblies 3 at each position are lowered, a "mosquito net" is formed around the hull 1, which can effectively prevent plants and other debris floating on the mud surface from entering the mud suction port of the amphibious flushing and suction ship, that is, effectively prevent floating objects on the mud surface from entering the suction range of the main cutter pump.

[0033] This embodiment also includes a secondary cutter pump 13 and a float 14. The secondary cutter pump 13 is mounted on the float 14, and its outlet is connected via a pipeline to the inlet of a ship-mounted centrifugal mud pump 16. The secondary cutter pump 13 and float 14 can be operated by the bow hydraulic arm 11 or by on-site personnel, providing high operational flexibility and enabling localized dredging operations. The suction port of the secondary cutter pump 13 is also equipped with high-strength blades and can be fitted with a filter screen, which cuts and crushes incoming debris while preventing large debris from being sucked in.

[0034] In this embodiment, a vertically penetrating lifting hole 8 is further provided in the middle of the hull 1, and a maintenance crane 10 is installed on the side of the lifting hole 8. The maintenance crane 10 can lift and lower the main cutter pump of the main cutter pump assembly 9 through the lifting hole 8. In this way, when the main cutter pump assembly 9 fails or becomes blocked, the main cutter pump can be quickly lifted above the deck to quickly check and solve the problem.

[0035] See Figure 2 , we can see the structure of the partition curtain assembly 3: The debris curtain assembly 3 includes a drive box 3-2 and a drive motor 3-1, which are installed on the side of the hull 1 of the amphibious assault and suction vessel. A rotating shaft 3-3 and a debris curtain 3-4 that is retracted and unwound by the rotating shaft 3-3 are provided between the drive box 3-2. A counterweight beam 3-5 is installed at the bottom of the debris curtain 3-4. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor 3-1, the forward and reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 3-3 is controlled, and the debris curtain 3-4 is unwound and rewound. The counterweight beam 3-5 is used to provide a longitudinal pulling effect on the debris curtain 3-4, keeping the debris curtain 3-4 in a tensioned state. After the counterweight beam 3-5 is released, the ground clearance is 10 to 20 cm, and the debris curtain 3-4 should be prevented from touching the bottom. The debris curtain 3-4 is selected as a corrosion-resistant high-strength fiber mesh with an aperture of 60mm*60mm, which allows mud to pass through and isolates large debris on the outside.

[0036] In this embodiment, a cleaning grate 3-7 is installed on the drive box 3-2 for removing dirt from the surface of the partition curtain 3-4 when winding. A patch 3-6 is installed between adjacent partition curtains 3-4, and the side of the patch 3-6 is detachably connected to the partition curtain 3-4. The patch 3-6 is used to seal the gap between adjacent partition curtains 3-4. The patch 3-6 is selected as a corrosion-resistant high-strength fiber mesh with an aperture of 60mm*60mm. The side can be connected to the partition curtain 3-4 using a buckle or a strap. The cleaning grate 3-7 can be two inner and outer cleaning bars. The partition curtain 3-4 is located between these two cleaning bars. When the partition curtain 3-4 is wound, the cleaning bar forces the debris on the partition curtain 3-4 to fall off. After the construction is completed, the patch 3-6 is removed and each partition curtain 3-4 is wound to avoid affecting the displacement of the amphibious suction vessel.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the mud in the mud pit 20 is pumped by the main cutter pump and the shipboard centrifugal mud pump 16, and then transported to the mud receiving area 23 through the shipboard mud discharge pipe 19. If the mud receiving area 23 is far away or the head is high, relay pumping can be used depending on the actual situation. Specifically, an onshore mud discharge pipe 22 and a relay mud pump 21 can be provided. The onshore mud discharge pipe 22 extends to the mud receiving area 23, and the shipboard mud discharge pipe 19 is connected to the onshore mud discharge pipe 22. The onshore mud discharge pipe 22 uses a wear-resistant lining to reduce wear and blockage, while also reducing frictional resistance in mud transportation, effectively improving transportation efficiency.

[0038] On the other hand, a sedimentation tank 24 is set up to receive return water from the mud receiving area 23. This return water undergoes sedimentation in the sedimentation tank 24, and the particles settle to form clear water on the surface. This clear water then returns to the water storage tank 25 for recycling.

[0039] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dredging method based on the aforementioned semi-water dredging equipment in a shallow environment rich in aquatic plants. The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, preparation before construction: A cofferdam is built to form a mud receiving area 23, and a sedimentation tank 24, a water storage tank 25 and an onshore mud discharge pipe 22 are arranged. The onshore mud discharge pipe 22 extends to the mud receiving area 23. The outlet of the mud receiving area 23 is connected to the water inlet of the sedimentation tank 24 through a return pipe or an open ditch, and the outlet of the sedimentation tank 24 is connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank 25 through a return pipe or an open ditch.

[0040] Step S2: constructing a mud pool 20 and stationing an amphibious flushing and suction vessel: A mud pool 20 is constructed in the dredging area, an amphibious suction vessel is moved into the mud pool 20, the end of the water intake pipe 15 is placed in the reservoir 25, the mud discharge pipe 19 on the vessel is connected to the mud discharge pipe 22 on land, the isolation curtain 3-4 of the isolation curtain assembly 3 is lowered until the counterweight beam 3-5 is 10 to 20 cm away from the bottom of the mud pool 20, and a patch 3-6 is installed between adjacent isolation curtains 3-4.

[0041] Step S3, high-pressure flushing and slurry making: The front high-pressure slurrying assembly 5 and / or the left high-pressure slurrying assembly 4 and / or the right high-pressure slurrying assembly 6 are activated to flush the soil at the desilting location, separating the soil from the plant roots. The resulting mud enters the mud pool 20, and the plants float on the surface of the mud. In this step, the standby high-pressure pulping assembly 7 can be activated as appropriate, and the high-pressure pulping assembly 7 can be lifted to a high position for air jet pulping or placed underwater for underwater jet pulping.

[0042] Step S4, mud discharge: The main auger pump assembly 9 and the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump 16 are started. The mud in the mud pool 20 is sucked into the main auger pump of the main auger pump assembly 9. The impurities contained in the mud are crushed by the blades at the same time. The ship-borne centrifugal mud pump 16 transports the mud to the mud receiving area 23 through the ship's mud discharge pipe 19 and the onshore mud discharge pipe 22. The drainage from the mud receiving area 23 is returned to the sedimentation tank 24. The upper layer of clear water after sedimentation is returned to the water reservoir 25 for circulation by the water intake pipe 15. In this step, the auxiliary cutter pump 13 may also be activated to perform local desilting. The mud sucked by the auxiliary cutter pump 13 and the main cutter pump assembly 9 converge and flow into the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump 16 .

[0043] Step S5, collecting and transferring the remaining plants: The bow hydraulic arm 11 is replaced with a grass rake to collect the remaining plants, load them onto a ship or a truck and transport them to a designated location.

[0044] Step S6, move the ship and repeat steps S3 to S5: After completing the flushing and cleaning operations at the current location, the amphibious flushing and suction vessel is moved to the next location and parked, and the above steps S3 to S5 are repeated.

[0045] Step S7: Level the bottom of the water and trim the slope to complete the construction: The suspended plowshare assembly 12 is replaced, the bow hydraulic arm 11 and the suspended plowshare assembly 12 are started, the suspended plowshare assembly 12 is used to level the bottom of the water, and the slope is trimmed according to the process requirements to complete the entire construction.

[0046] The characteristics of the dredging equipment and dredging method of the present invention can be summarized as "one separation, two isolation, three blocking and four crushing", among which: "one separation" refers to separating the soil and plant roots through high-pressure flushing and slurrying, "two isolations" refers to using the isolation curtain assembly 3 to isolate floating objects on the mud surface, "three blocking" refers to using the auger pump port filter grid to prevent large pieces of debris from being sucked in, and "four crushing" refers to using the auger pump blade to cut and crush plants and debris.

Claims

1. A semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environments rich in aquatic plants, characterized by: The invention comprises an amphibious impact suction vessel, wherein a front high-pressure pulping assembly (5) is provided at the front of the amphibious impact suction vessel, a left high-pressure pulping assembly (4) is provided on the left side, and a right high-pressure pulping assembly (6) is provided on the right side; a bow hydraulic arm (11) is installed at the front of the amphibious impact suction vessel, a detachable suspended plow assembly (12) is installed at the end of the bow hydraulic arm (11), and a controllable lifting curtain assembly (3) is installed around the amphibious impact suction vessel. The invention also comprises a water intake pipe (15), and the water intake pipe (15) comprises A water intake main pipe and a plurality of water intake branches, a front high-pressure pulping assembly (5), a left high-pressure pulping assembly (4), a right high-pressure pulping assembly (6) and a suspended rake assembly (12) are connected to the water intake branch pipe; a main auger pump assembly (9) is installed on the bottom of the ship, and also includes a ship-borne centrifugal mud pump (16) and a ship-borne mud discharge pipe (19); the outlet of the main auger pump assembly (9) is connected to the inlet of the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump (16) through a pipeline, and the end of the ship-borne mud discharge pipe (19) is connected to the outlet of the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump (16).

2. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The front high-pressure pulping assembly (5), the left high-pressure pulping assembly (4) and the right high-pressure pulping assembly (6) have the same structure, and all include a track and a base that moves along the track, a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure nozzle are installed on the base, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the injection direction of the high-pressure nozzle is also installed on the base.

3. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: It also includes a spare high-pressure pulping assembly (7) that can be installed on the bow hydraulic arm (11), and the spare high-pressure pulping assembly (7) includes a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure nozzle.

4. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: The debris curtain assembly (3) comprises a drive box (3-2) and a drive motor (3-1) which are installed on the side of an amphibious impact suction vessel and are arranged opposite to each other; a rotating shaft (3-3) and a debris curtain (3-4) which is retracted and unreeled by the rotating shaft (3-3) are provided between the drive boxes (3-2); a counterweight beam (3-5) is installed at the bottom of the debris curtain (3-4); a debris removal grate (3-7) for removing dirt from the surface of the debris curtain (3-4) when reeling is installed on the drive box (3-2); a patch (3-6) is installed between adjacent debris curtains (3-4); and the side of the patch (3-6) is detachably connected to the debris curtain (3-4).

5. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: The suspended rake assembly (12) comprises a rake roller driven to rotate by a hydraulic pump, rake teeth are mounted on the outer wall of the rake roller, and the rake roller is provided with water ejection holes with radial ejection directions and a water inlet pipe for feeding high-pressure water into the inner cavity of the rake roller.

6. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 5 is characterized by: The invention also comprises an auxiliary cutter pump (13) and a floating body (14). The auxiliary cutter pump (13) is installed on the floating body (14). The outlet of the auxiliary cutter pump (13) is connected to the inlet of the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump (16) through a pipeline.

7. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 6 is characterized by: The main reamer pump assembly (9) comprises a track and a base movable along the track, and the main reamer pump is mounted on the base.

8. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 7 is characterized by: The amphibious impact suction vessel comprises a walkable hull (1), hydraulic outriggers (2) are installed on both sides of the front of the hull (1), and a positioning steel pile assembly (17) is installed at the rear of the hull (1). The positioning steel pile assembly (17) comprises a trolley that can be displaced forward and backward, and the trolley is equipped with positioning steel piles and a lifting drive mechanism for driving the positioning steel piles to move upward and downward.

9. The semi-water dredging equipment for shallow water environment rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A vertically penetrating lifting hole (8) is also provided in the middle of the hull (1), and a maintenance crane (10) is installed on the side of the lifting hole (8). The maintenance crane (10) can lift and lower the main cutter pump of the main cutter pump assembly (9) through the lifting hole (8).

10. The dredging method of the semi-water dredging equipment in a shallow area rich in aquatic plants as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step S1, preparation before construction: A cofferdam is constructed to form a mud receiving area (23), and a sedimentation tank (24), a water storage tank (25) and an onshore mud discharge pipe (22) are arranged. The onshore mud discharge pipe (22) extends to the mud receiving area (23), and the water outlet of the mud receiving area (23) is connected to the water inlet of the sedimentation tank (24) through a return pipe or an open ditch, and the water outlet of the sedimentation tank (24) is connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank (25) through a return pipe or an open ditch; Step S2, constructing a mud pool (20) and stationing an amphibious flushing and suction vessel: A mud pool (20) is constructed in the desilting area, an amphibious flushing and suction vessel is moved into the mud pool (20), the end of the water intake pipe (15) is placed in the water reservoir (25), the mud discharge pipe (19) on the vessel is connected to the mud discharge pipe (22) on land, the separation curtain (3-4) of the separation curtain assembly (3) is lowered until the counterweight drop beam (3-5) is 10 to 20 cm away from the bottom of the mud pool (20), and a patch (3-6) is installed between adjacent separation curtains (3-4); Step S3, high-pressure flushing and slurry making: The front high-pressure slurrying assembly (5) and / or the left high-pressure slurrying assembly (4) and / or the right high-pressure slurrying assembly (6) are activated to flush the soil at the desilting location, so that the soil and the plant roots are separated, and the formed mud enters the mud pool (20), and the plants float on the surface of the mud; Step S4, mud discharge: The main auger pump assembly (9) and the ship-borne centrifugal mud pump (16) are started, and the mud in the mud pool (20) is sucked by the main auger pump of the main auger pump assembly (9), and the impurities contained in the mud are crushed by the blades at the same time. The ship-borne centrifugal mud pump (16) transports the mud to the mud receiving area (23) through the ship's mud discharge pipe (19) and the land mud discharge pipe (22). The drainage of the mud receiving area (23) is returned to the sedimentation tank (24), and the upper clear water after sedimentation is returned to the water storage tank (25) for circulation and use by the water intake pipe (15); Step S5, collecting and transferring the remaining plants: Replace the bow hydraulic arm (11) with a grass rake to collect the remaining plants and load them onto a ship or truck for transport to a designated location; Step S6, move the ship and repeat steps S3 to S5: After completing the flushing and cleaning operations at the current location, the amphibious flushing and suction vessel is moved to the next location and parked, and the aforementioned steps S3 to S5 are repeated; Step S7: Level the bottom of the water and trim the slope to complete the construction: The bow hydraulic arm (11) and the suspended plough assembly (12) are started, and the suspended plough assembly (12) is used to level the bottom of the water, and the slope is trimmed according to the process requirements to complete the entire construction.

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