Zero-energy-consumption moisture-proof ventilation equipment and regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention provides zero-energy-consumption moisture-proof ventilation equipment and a regulation and control method. The equipment comprises a moisture-proof ventilation unit, a unit controller for controlling the operation of the moisture-proof ventilation unit, and a photovoltaic panel for supplying power to the moisture-proof ventilation unit and the unit controller, the damp-proof ventilation unit comprises a unit shell, a temperature and humidity sensor installed in the unit shell, a moisture absorption and water production structure and a fan. The temperature and humidity sensor detects air temperature and humidity and transmits the air temperature and humidity to the unit controller, the unit controller controls the fan to operate according to the air temperature and humidity so as to supply air and exhaust air, during air supply, moisture in outdoor air is absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure, and during air exhaust, the temperature of the moisture absorption and water production structure rises, so that water absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure is released and blown out of a room through exhaust air. Power is supplied by the photovoltaic panel, and zero-energy-consumption ventilation is achieved through solar energy; by arranging the moisture absorption and water production section, water in the air is absorbed during air supply, the temperature is increased to release the water during air exhaust, and the water is supplied outdoors through air exhaust, so that the influence of air humidity on the indoor environment is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of indoor ventilation, and in particular relates to zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With people's yearning for a better life, all sectors of society have raised their attention to the living environment, especially the quality of indoor air environment in buildings to a new level. After the "dual carbon" strategy was proposed, the market needs low-carbon and energy-saving building ventilation technology.

[0003] Ventilation is essential at all times. However, in vacation homes, which are unoccupied two-thirds of the year and have closed doors and windows, and no water or electricity, this long-term enclosure can lead to the delayed release of harmful TVOCs (total volatile organic compounds), dampness, mold, and odors in the interior. This not only causes economic losses but also impacts the quality of life during short-term stays. Therefore, building ventilation systems are essential. However, in certain areas and during certain periods of high humidity (such as the return of the south wind), constantly maintaining ventilation can lead to excessive humidity, mold, and even condensation, damaging the indoor environment.

[0004] The existing ventilation systems are mainly divided into two types according to the type of power source:

[0005] One is powered by AC power, with two independent systems for air supply and exhaust, an integrated forward and reverse fan, and fresh air / exhaust functions, such as those disclosed in CN201810602511.9 and CN201210285103.8. This type of system equipment requires an external 220V power supply and remote control, and the cost of intelligentization is relatively high. For such houses that have been uninhabited for a long time, there are safety hazards in electricity use and the cost investment is relatively high.

[0006] The second is photovoltaic power supply, photovoltaic direct-drive fans, such as those disclosed in CN202310250020.3 and CN202322925136.0. This type of fan is photovoltaic-powered and can achieve zero-carbon / zero-energy ventilation, but the equipment only uses photovoltaic control and has no logic for judging and processing the relative humidity of the air. It has a low level of intelligence and is not suitable for vacation homes, especially in certain areas and time periods with high air humidity (such as the return of the south wind). Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device powered by solar energy, achieving zero-energy ventilation. By providing a moisture-absorbing and water-producing section, the device absorbs and dehumidifies the incoming outdoor air during air supply. During exhaust, the moisture-absorbing and water-producing section generates heat through a built-in heating wire. The moisture-absorbing and water-producing section heats up, releasing water that is blown outdoors by the exhaust air, preventing the impact of air humidity on the indoor environment. Second, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method based on the aforementioned zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, a zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device includes a moisture-proof ventilation unit, a unit controller for controlling the operation of the moisture-proof ventilation unit, and a photovoltaic panel for powering the moisture-proof ventilation unit and the unit controller. The moisture-proof ventilation unit includes a unit housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet being located outdoors and the air outlet being located indoors. A temperature and humidity sensor, a breathable moisture absorption and water production structure, and a forward and reverse-rotating fan are installed in the unit housing in sequence from outdoors to indoors. A signal output end of the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the unit controller, a temperature increase and water production control end of the unit controller is connected to a temperature increase enable end of the moisture absorption and water production structure, and a ventilation control end of the unit controller is connected to an enable end of the fan. The temperature and humidity sensor detects the air temperature and humidity and transmits the information to the unit controller. The unit controller controls the fan operation to supply and exhaust air according to the air temperature and humidity. When supplying air, moisture in the outdoor air is absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure. When exhausting air, the unit controller controls the moisture absorption and water production structure to increase the temperature so that the water absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure is released and blown out of the room by exhaust air.

[0009] The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation control method of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented based on the above-mentioned zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment, comprising the following steps: after the temperature and humidity sensor is started, the air temperature T and relative humidity are detected. And the maximum relative humidity threshold at temperature T In contrast, when When the fan does not run; when The fan runs in the forward direction to supply air, and the moisture in the outdoor air is absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure. When the forward running time of the fan reaches the fan operation cycle t, the fan runs in the reverse direction to exhaust air. The unit controller controls the moisture absorption and water production structure to heat up, so that water is released from the moisture absorption and water production structure and is sent to the outside under the exhaust action of the fan. The fan runs in the reverse direction until the fan operation cycle t and then runs in the forward direction to supply air, and the air supply and exhaust are performed alternately.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by the preferred technical solution of the present invention include:

[0011] 1. The present invention is powered by photovoltaic panels and utilizes solar energy to achieve zero-energy ventilation. The intermittent operation of the photovoltaic direct-drive fan for forward air supply and reverse exhaust is dynamically regulated by the maximum threshold of the relative humidity of the air to ventilate the room.

[0012] 2. The present invention is particularly suitable for summer homes, which are only occupied for a short period of time each year. For safety reasons, these homes may be without power for long periods when unoccupied. The zero-energy ventilation device of the present invention remedies this problem. Powered by photovoltaic panels, it can properly ventilate the room when the sun is bright, reducing odor and the discomfort caused by prolonged periods of ventilation without opening doors and windows. Since summer homes do not need to be constantly ventilated like houses that are occupied permanently, they do not require external mains electricity and can be powered solely by photovoltaic panels.

[0013] 3. The present invention sets a moisture absorption and water production section. When air is supplied, the temperature is low and the humidity (water in the air) is stored in the moisture absorption and water production material of the moisture absorption and water production section. When air is exhausted, the photovoltaic direct heating wire inside the moisture absorption and water production section is started and the temperature of the moisture absorption and water production material is increased. Water is released from the moisture absorption and water production material and the water generated in the air is sent to the outdoors through the waterproof backflow device and exhaust, thereby preventing the influence of air humidity on the indoor environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment of Example 1.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the moisture absorption and water production structure in Example 1.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation control method of Example 2.

[0017] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: moisture-proof ventilation unit 10, unit casing 11, air inlet 11a, air outlet 11b, temperature and humidity sensor 12, moisture absorption and water production structure 13, moisture absorption and water production section 131, heating element 132, fan 14, waterproof backflow device 15, air filter structure 16, unit controller 20, photovoltaic panel 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] This embodiment provides a zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device, such as Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the moisture-proof ventilation equipment includes a moisture-proof ventilation unit 10, a unit controller 20 for controlling the operation of the moisture-proof ventilation unit 10, and a photovoltaic panel 30 for supplying power to the moisture-proof ventilation unit 10 and the unit controller 20. The moisture-proof ventilation unit 10 includes a unit housing 11 having an air inlet 11a and an air outlet 11b. The air inlet 11a is located outdoors and adopts a waterproof air inlet. The air outlet 11b is located indoors and adopts a 360° dispersed air outlet in the prior art, such as the method of achieving 360° dispersed air outlet disclosed in CN201910344870.3, CN201821614613.4, and CN201210264418.4.

[0021] The direction from outdoor to indoor in the unit casing 11 ( Figure 1 Mounted (from left to right in the figure) are a temperature and humidity sensor 12, a breathable moisture-absorbing and water-producing structure 13, and a forward and reverse-rotating fan 14. These components are powered by photovoltaic panels 30 and driven directly by the photovoltaic power source. The signal output of the temperature and humidity sensor 12 is connected to the unit controller 20. The temperature-increasing and water-producing control terminal of the unit controller 20 is connected to the temperature-increasing enable terminal of the moisture-absorbing and water-producing structure 13. The ventilation control terminal of the unit controller 20 is connected to the enable terminal of the fan 14.

[0022] After the temperature and humidity sensor 12 is powered on and activated, it detects the air temperature and humidity and transmits them to the unit controller 20. The unit controller 20 then controls the operation of the fan 14 based on the air temperature and humidity (the fan 14 is only allowed to operate when the outdoor relative humidity is less than the maximum relative humidity threshold; it is not allowed to operate when the outdoor relative humidity is greater than the maximum relative humidity threshold) to supply and exhaust air. The fan 14 operates intermittently, supplying air in the forward direction and exhausting air in the reverse direction, ventilating the room. During supply, moisture (water) in the introduced outdoor air is absorbed by the moisture-absorbing and water-producing structure 13, and dry air is delivered to the room. During exhaust, the unit controller 20 controls the moisture-absorbing and water-producing structure 13 to increase its temperature, releasing the absorbed water, which is then blown out of the room by the exhaust air. Simultaneously, the exhaust removes moisture from the room along with the air, thus providing a moisture-proof effect.

[0023] The invention adopts solar energy for power supply and is suitable for ventilation of holiday houses which are unoccupied for a long time, especially for certain areas and certain time periods (such as the return of the south wind) with high air humidity.

[0024] like Figure 2As shown, in the present invention, the moisture-absorbing and water-producing structure 13 includes a moisture-absorbing and water-producing section 131 filled with a moisture-absorbing and water-producing material, and a heating element 132 for heating the moisture-absorbing and water-producing section 131. The heating element 132 is an electric heating wire embedded in the moisture-absorbing and water-producing section 131 and directly powered by the photovoltaic panel 30. For example, the moisture-absorbing and water-producing section 131 can be formed by filling a non-woven bag with the moisture-absorbing and water-producing material. The moisture-absorbing and water-producing material can be a hydrogel that absorbs moisture and produces water. The temperature-responsive hydrogel can be used, and its release can be regulated by increasing the temperature (such as the LCST mechanism). Increasing the temperature causes the hydrogel to shrink (dehydrate), squeezing out the water within. This is a prior art technique and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] It should be noted that, since different types of hydrogels have different physical properties, in order to simplify the device as much as possible, it is assumed that the physical property of the hydrogel material of the hygroscopic and water-producing section 131 is to precipitate water when the temperature is greater than t1°C. Therefore, when the fan 14 reverses to exhaust air, regardless of whether there is water in the hygroscopic and water-producing section 131, the temperature is directly controlled to be greater than t1°C + N°C, where t1 is determined according to the properties of the material itself, and N is determined according to the actual usage scenario and safety requirements.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, in another preferred embodiment, the unit housing 11 is further provided with a waterproof backflow device 15, which can prevent the water discharged from the moisture-absorbing and water-producing structure 13 from flowing back to the air outlet 11b. By providing the waterproof backflow device 15, the unit housing 11 can be arranged horizontally, tilted downward or tilted upward toward the outside, thereby reducing the installation requirements of the unit housing 11. Figure 1 As shown, the unit casing 11 is arranged horizontally.

[0027] Specifically, the waterproof backflow device 15 is provided at the bottom of the moisture absorption and water production structure 13. The waterproof backflow device 15 is an inclined block inclined from the air outlet 11b side to the air inlet 11a side from top to bottom. The high end of the inclined block extends to the outside of the moisture absorption and water production structure 13 ( Figure 1 The right side is shown in the figure) to prevent the water released by the moisture absorption and water production structure 13 from flowing back into the room, and the inclined block also has a drainage function, and the water generated in the air is sent to the outside through the inclined block and exhaust.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, an air filter structure 16 is further provided within the unit housing 11, located between the air inlet 11a and the temperature and humidity sensor 12. The air filter structure 16 utilizes a multi-layer filter structure, including a primary filter and a secondary filter. The air filter structure 16 filters the air entering the room, thereby reducing particulate matter in the air entering the room.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] This embodiment provides a zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation control method, which is implemented based on the zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment of embodiment 1. Figure 3 As shown, the moisture-proof ventilation control method includes the following steps:

[0031] The photovoltaic panel 30 gives priority to powering the unit controller 20 and the temperature and humidity sensor 12 (the specific method of giving priority to powering is the existing technology, such as setting a power management module, and ensuring that the controller and sensor are powered first through software control or hardware switch according to the set priority). After the temperature and humidity sensor 12 is powered on and started, it detects the air temperature T and relative humidity φ, and compares them with the maximum relative humidity threshold φ0 at temperature T. When φ>φ0, the fan 14 does not run; when φ<φ0, the fan 14 runs forward to supply air, and the outdoor air Moisture is absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production section 131 of the moisture absorption and water production structure 13. When the forward running time of the fan 14 reaches the fan operation cycle t, the fan 14 runs in the reverse direction to exhaust air. The unit controller 20 controls the heating element 132 in the moisture absorption and water production structure 13 to work and heat the moisture absorption and water production section 131, so that water is released from the moisture absorption and water production section 131 and sent to the outside under the exhaust action of the fan 14. The fan 14 runs in the reverse direction until the fan operation cycle t and then runs forward to supply air. In this way, air supply and exhaust are alternately performed to perform ventilation and dehumidification.

[0032] In the present invention, the humidity judgment logic is implemented by a relay (such as a humidity-sensitive switch relay). When φ<φ0 is detected, the relay automatically closes to supply power to the fan 14. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] In the present invention, the method for matching the photovoltaic panel 30 with the wind turbine 14 includes the following steps:

[0034] Determine ventilation needs:

[0035] Q = h × V, where Q is the total annual air exchange volume of the target building, h is the target annual air exchange rate of the target building, and V is the indoor volume of the target building;

[0036] Obtain hourly solar radiation, temperature and humidity data since local meteorological parameters are available, and count the data that meet the requirements throughout the year. and the number of hours of daylight H a ;

[0037] Fan selection based on air volume:

[0038] Daily average air volume demand

[0039] Fan air volume Q f ≥Q a (1+β), where β is the fan air volume redundancy coefficient, and β ranges from 0.2 to 0.3;

[0040] Select DC fan and determine the fan input voltage V f , fan peak power W f , and by formula H a ×Q f ≥Q Verify the total air volume. If it is insufficient, increase the fan air volume Q appropriately. f ;

[0041] Matching photovoltaic panel power: photovoltaic panel selects output voltage V p Greater than or equal to V f , the photovoltaic panel selects output power W p ≥W f (1+γ), where γ is the power redundancy factor of the photovoltaic panel, and the value of γ ranges from 0.2 to 0.3.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Zero energy consumption moisture-proof ventilation equipment, characterized in that, It includes a moisture-proof ventilation unit, a unit controller for controlling the operation of the moisture-proof ventilation unit, and a photovoltaic panel for supplying power to the moisture-proof ventilation unit and the unit controller; The moisture-proof ventilation unit includes a unit housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is located outdoors and the air outlet is located indoors. A temperature and humidity sensor, a breathable moisture absorption and water production structure, and a fan capable of forward and reverse rotation are sequentially installed in the unit housing from outdoors to indoors. The signal output end of the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the unit controller, the temperature rise and water production control end of the unit controller is connected to the temperature rise enable end of the moisture absorption and water production structure, and the ventilation control end of the unit controller is connected to the enable end of the fan; The temperature and humidity sensor detects the air temperature and humidity and transmits it to the unit controller. The unit controller controls the operation of the fan to supply and exhaust air according to the air temperature and humidity. When supplying air, moisture in the outdoor air is absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure. When exhausting air, the unit controller controls the moisture absorption and water production structure to increase the temperature so that the water absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure is released and blown out of the room by exhaust air.

2. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture absorption and water production structure includes a moisture absorption and water production section filled with moisture absorption and water production material, and a heating element for heating the moisture absorption and water production section.

3. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment and control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture-absorbing and water-producing material is a hydrogel; And / or the heating element is an electric heating wire embedded in the moisture absorption and water production section.

4. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unit housing is also provided with a waterproof backflow device, which can prevent the water discharged from the moisture absorbing and water producing structure from flowing back to the air outlet.

5. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waterproof backflow device is arranged at the bottom of the moisture absorption and water production structure. The waterproof backflow device is an inclined block inclined from the air outlet side to the air inlet side from top to bottom, and the high end of the inclined block extends to the outside of the moisture absorption and water production structure.

6. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An air filtering structure is also provided in the unit casing and is located between the air inlet and the temperature and humidity sensor.

7. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The air inlet is a waterproof air inlet; and / or the air outlet is a 360° distributed air outlet.

8. A zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation control method, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: After the temperature and humidity sensor is started, it detects the air temperature T and relative humidity And the maximum relative humidity threshold at temperature T In contrast, when The fan does not run; when When the fan is running in the forward direction, it supplies air, and the moisture in the outdoor air is absorbed by the moisture absorption and water production structure. When the forward operation time of the fan reaches the fan operation cycle t, the fan is running in the reverse direction to exhaust air. The unit controller controls the moisture absorption and water production structure to heat up, so that water is released from the moisture absorption and water production structure and is sent to the outside under the exhaust action of the fan. The fan is running in the reverse direction until the fan operation cycle t and then runs in the forward direction to supply air, and the air supply and exhaust are performed alternately.

9. The zero-energy moisture-proof ventilation control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The matching method of photovoltaic panels and wind turbines includes the following steps: Determine ventilation needs: Q = h × V, where Q is the total annual air exchange volume of the target building, h is the target annual air exchange rate of the target building, and V is the indoor volume of the target building; Obtain hourly solar radiation, temperature and humidity data since local meteorological parameters are available, and make statistics and the number of hours of daylight H a ; Fan selection based on air volume: Daily average air volume demand Fan air volume Q f ≥Q a (1+β), where β is the fan air volume redundancy coefficient; The fan selects a DC fan and determines the fan input voltage V f , fan peak power W f , and by formula H a ×Q f ≥Q verification total air volume; Matching photovoltaic panel power: photovoltaic panel selects output voltage V p Greater than or equal to V f , the photovoltaic panel selects output power W p ≥W f (1+γ), where γ is the power redundancy factor of the photovoltaic panel.

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