Automatic control method and device of residual oil hydrogen production gasification device based on SIS system

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic control method of a residual oil hydrogen production gasification device based on an SIS system, which is improved on the basis of a complex sequence control program of an SIS platform, uses an ST script language to write a sequence control state program, guides state switching, and realizes unified control of equipment in the device. The man-machine interface is mainly displayed in a state switching diagram mode, the state switching diagram can definitely define complex function requirements, more information can be seen on one diagram more easily, errors in state switching can be noticed more easily, missed state switching can be found more easily, and the state switching efficiency can be improved. Configuration personnel can divide a large process into manageable modules, so that configuration establishment and later maintenance are easier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of industrial automation, and in particular relates to an automatic control method and device for a residual oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system. Background Art

[0002] Residue gasification to produce hydrogen: Residue is atomized with a gasifying agent (oxygen and steam) and then partially burned (partially oxidized) with oxygen at high temperatures (1300-1400°C), producing a synthesis feed gas primarily composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This process is also known as residual oil partial oxidation.

[0003] SIS: Safety instrumentation system, also known as safety interlocking system. It primarily serves as the alarm and interlocking component of a factory control system. It implements alarm actions, adjustments, or shutdown controls based on detection results within the control system, making it a crucial component of factory automation.

[0004] The general SIS system of the residue oil gasification unit is composed of independent start-up and shutdown sequence control programs plus an interlock protection program. Start-up and shutdown are separate sequence control programs. It is not a complete closed-loop system. There are many factors of human intervention, the degree of automation is not high, and the system human-machine interface does not clearly guide the operating process, which increases the difficulty of operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic control method for a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system. The method improves on the complex sequential control program of the SIS platform, uses the ST script language to write the sequential control state program, guides the state switching, and realizes the unified control of the equipment in the device.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: An automatic control method for a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system, comprising: Using the SIS system as a platform, a sequential control program and human-machine interface were constructed for the residue oil hydrogenation unit. The sequential control program guided state switching, achieving unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface displayed the operation process in the form of a state switching diagram. The state switching guided by the sequence control program further includes: The PSL process selection state is used as a transfer station to connect other states and select subsequent operation paths, so that the system can return to the PSL state after completing other states and wait for the next instruction; Each state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching, and the initialization of the entire sequence program and the entry and exit of the sequence program of each state are guided by the sequence guide program to avoid sequence execution errors.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the states of the sequential control program execution are divided into POL process offline state, RIS gasifier isolation state, RPT gasifier airtightness test state, HUP heating state, GST gasification start-up state, GSD gasification shutdown state, CDN cooling state, PSD pressure purge shutdown state and HSD heating shutdown state; Inter-state transition conditions, state transition paths, and in-state execution actions are configured for each state to automatically complete the start-up, heating, operation, and shutdown control of the residue oil hydrogenation unit.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when entering the HUP heating state from the PSL state, the gasifier temperature is increased to 1250°C; during the HUP heating process, if an abnormal situation occurs and causes a trip, the PSD pressure purge shutdown state or the HSD heating shutdown state will be entered.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after a series of gasification start-up operations are completed in the GST state, the normal operation stage is entered; if an abnormal situation occurs in the GST state or the normal operation stage, the vehicle will jump to the GSD gasification shutdown state, isolate oxygen, feed oil, and fuel gas, reduce system pressure, purge the feed oil pipeline to prevent pipeline blockage, and use high-pressure nitrogen to purge the gasifier to complete the shutdown.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the shutdown operation is completed in the GSD state or the system pressure is less than 0.05 MPa, the CDN cooling state is entered; during the cooling process, high-pressure nitrogen or secondary air is used for cooling according to the temperature of the gasifier.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the PSD state is entered by jumping from the HUP heating state. Abnormal conditions during the heating process are processed, including gasifier isolation, decompression, and purging. After the processing is completed, the system returns to the PSL state and waits. The HSD state is entered by jumping from the HUP heating state or the GST state to handle abnormal conditions of the system during heating or starting, perform gasifier isolation and purge operations, and prepare for subsequent processing of the system.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the execution of the sequential control program also includes SBF steam backflow protection. When the pressure difference between the high-pressure steam and the gasifier is less than 100KPA and is not in the POL state, the steam oxidizer bypass valve, the shielding steam bypass valve, the lifting steam bypass valve, the steam switch valve, and the oil channel purge steam upstream switch valve are triggered to close to prevent steam from flowing back in the system, thereby avoiding possible equipment damage or system instability.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the execution of the sequential control program also includes a BTC burner cooling state. When the gasifier temperature is greater than 900° C., the BTC burner cooling state is entered; During the burner cooling process, when burning fuel gas, cooling is provided by secondary air and fuel gas; when burning gasified raw materials, cooling is provided by high-pressure superheated steam, oxygen and raw materials.

[0014] An automatic control device for a residual oil hydrogenation unit based on an SIS system, comprising: The control and display module is configured to use the SIS system as a platform to build the sequence control program and human-machine interface of the residue oil hydrogenation unit. The sequence control program guides state switching to achieve unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface displays the operation process in the form of a state switching diagram. The step of guiding the state switching by the sequence control program further includes: The PSL process selection state is used as a transfer station to connect other states and select subsequent operation paths, so that the system can return to the PSL state after completing other states and wait for the next instruction; Each state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching, and the initialization of the entire sequence program and the entry and exit of the sequence program of each state are guided by the sequence guide program to avoid sequence execution errors.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: The automated control method for a residue oil hydrogenation unit based on an SIS system, according to one embodiment of the present invention, improves upon the complex sequential control programs of the SIS platform. Sequential control state programs are written in the ST scripting language to guide state transitions and achieve unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface is primarily displayed as a state transition diagram. This diagram clearly defines complex functional requirements, making it easier to view more information on a single diagram, more easily noticing errors in state transitions, and easier to detect missed state transitions. This allows configuration personnel to segment a large process into manageable modules, facilitating configuration and subsequent maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1A state transition logic block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a sequential control program block in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of POL_ST_BLK in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a POL state sequence control program in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a BTC state logic block diagram in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is a detailed description of the automatic control method and device for a residue oil hydrogenation unit based on an SIS system proposed by the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and claims.

[0018] This embodiment provides an automated control method for a residue oil hydrogenation gasification unit based on an SIS system. Using the SUPCON TCS-900 SIS system as the platform, this method implements automated operational control of the unit during heating, startup, operation, and shutdown, ensuring valves operate accurately according to pre-designed timing sequences. Furthermore, leveraging the high safety and stability of the SIS system, an emergency shutdown or appropriate safeguards and safety measures can be triggered during interlocking actions to prevent equipment damage and ensure personnel safety, thereby ensuring safe production.

[0019] Specifically, the automatic control method of the residual oil hydrogenation device based on the SIS system includes: Using the SIS system as a platform, a sequential control program and human-machine interface were constructed for the residue oil hydrogenation unit. The sequential control program guided state switching, achieving unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface displayed the operation process in the form of a state switching diagram. The state switching guided by the sequence program further includes: The PSL process selection state is used as a transfer station to connect other states and select subsequent operation paths, so that the system can return to the PSL state after completing other states and wait for the next instruction; Each state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching, and the initialization of the entire sequence program and the entry and exit of the sequence program of each state are guided by the sequence guide program to avoid sequence execution errors.

[0020] Please see Figure 1, the execution status of the sequential control program is divided into POL process offline state, RIS gasifier isolation state, RPT gasifier airtightness test state, HUP heating state, GST gasification start-up state, GSD gasification shutdown state, CDN cooling state, PSD pressure purge shutdown state and HSD heating shutdown state; Inter-state transition conditions, state transition paths, and in-state execution actions are configured for each state to automatically complete the start-up, heating, operation, and shutdown control of the residue oil hydrogenation unit.

[0021] The above status is described as follows: PSL (Process Selection State): As a transfer station between various states, it is used to connect to other states and select subsequent operation paths. After completing other states, the system returns to the PSL state and waits for the next instruction; NOP is the normal operating state; POL (Process Offline State): Used to inspect and test valve instruments when the process is offline. After the inspection and testing are completed, the system enters the PSL state. RIS (Gasifier Isolation Status): This status can be selected through the PSL status to isolate the gasifier and prepare for subsequent RPT (Gas Leakage Test Status), GST (Gasification Start-up Status) and other operations; RPT (airtightness test state): enter the gasifier in the RIS state after isolation and perform airtightness test on the gasifier to ensure that its sealing meets the requirements; HUP (heating state): Entered from PSL state, used to increase the gasifier temperature to 1250℃. If an abnormal trip occurs during the heating process, it will enter PSD (pressure purge shutdown state) or HSD (heating shutdown state); GST (Gasification Start-up State): Entered after the HUP heating state is completed and the conditions are met. The main tasks are to establish high-pressure nitrogen, isolate air and fuel gas, pressurize the gasifier to above 2.3MPa, establish steam flow to preheat the oil pipeline, establish quenching water flow, and finally establish the flow of raw oil and oxygen flow. Then, the system pressure is increased to above 2MPa. After completion, it enters NOP (Normal Operation State). If the GST state or NOP state is abnormal, it enters GSD (Gasification Shutdown State); GSD (Gasification Shutdown State): Enter from GST state or NOP state, perform oxygen, feed oil, and fuel gas isolation, reduce system pressure, purge the feed oil pipeline to prevent pipeline blockage, and use high-pressure nitrogen to purge the gasifier to complete the shutdown. After completion, return to PSL state; CDN (cooling state): When the system pressure is less than 0.05MPa, it can be manually selected to enter. If the gasifier temperature is greater than 300℃, high-pressure nitrogen is used for cooling. When the temperature drops to 300℃ or below, secondary air is used for cooling; PSD (Pressure Purge Shutoff): Entered from HUP heating state, the process of gasifier isolation, decompression, purge, etc. is carried out in sequence, and then returns to PSL state; HSD (heating shutdown state): Enter from HUP heating state or GST state to execute gasifier isolation, purging and other processes.

[0022] The Process Selection State (PSL) serves as a core transit point: the PSL state is a critical transit point connecting various states. After completing maintenance and testing in the POL process offline state, the system must enter the PSL state to select the next action, such as entering the RIS gasifier isolation state for isolation, or entering other appropriate states based on other requirements. Furthermore, after completing operations in other states such as RIS, RPT, HUP, GST, GSD, CDN, PSD, and HSD, the system typically returns to the PSL state, awaiting the next instruction and selecting the next appropriate state.

[0023] The relationship between POL, RIS, RPT, and PSL: The POL state is primarily used for valve and instrument maintenance and testing while the process is offline. Once these tasks are completed, the system uses the PSL state to determine subsequent operations, such as whether to enter the RIS state to isolate the gasifier. The RIS state is entered based on operational instructions while the system is in the PSL state. Its purpose is to prepare for isolation in subsequent RPT leak testing or GST gasification startup. The RPT state is used to further test the gasifier after the system enters the RIS state to ensure that the gasifier meets sealing requirements.

[0024] The relationship between the HUP heating state and other states: The system enters the HUP heating state from the PSL state and begins raising the gasifier temperature to 1250°C. During the HUP heating process, if an abnormality causes a trip, the system will enter the PSD pressure purge shutdown state or the HSD heating shutdown state. The PSD state is entered by a HUP trip, and the system will perform processes such as gasifier isolation, pressure reduction, and purge before returning to the PSL state for standby. The HSD state is entered by a HUP or GST trip, and the system will perform processes such as gasifier isolation and purge. Under normal circumstances, when HUP heating is completed and the required temperature is reached, the system will enter the GST gasification start-up state.

[0025] Subsequent Developments in the GST Gasification Startup State: After completing a series of gasification startup operations in the GST state, the system enters the NOP normal operation phase. If an abnormality occurs during the GST or NOP normal operation phase, the system will jump to the GSD gasification shutdown state. This involves isolating oxygen, feed oil, and fuel gas, reducing system pressure, purging the feed oil pipeline to prevent blockage, and purging the gasifier with high-pressure nitrogen to complete shutdown. After the GSD state ends, the system must return to the PSL state to reassess and select subsequent operations.

[0026] Conditions and Functions of the CDN Cooling State: When the system pressure is less than 0.05 MPa, the CDN cooling state can be manually selected. During the cooling process, high-pressure nitrogen or secondary air is used, depending on the gasifier temperature. The CDN state is typically used during the cooling phase after system shutdown. For example, after completing a shutdown operation from the GSD state, if the gasifier needs to be cooled, the CDN state can be entered. Furthermore, in other scenarios where cooling may be required, such as before certain special maintenance or overhaul operations, the CDN cooling state can be entered from the PSL state.

[0027] The PSD and HSD states have special functions: The PSD state is entered from the HUP heating state and primarily addresses abnormalities during the heating process, including gasifier isolation, decompression, and purging. After these processes are complete, the system returns to the PSL state and waits. The HSD state is entered from the HUP heating state and the GST state and also addresses abnormalities during heating or startup. It performs operations such as gasifier isolation and purging, preparing the system for subsequent processing.

[0028] These states are interrelated and converted to each other, forming a complete process operation flow. From process offline maintenance to gasifier isolation, airtightness testing, heating, start-up, normal operation, shutdown and cooling, each link is transferred and connected through the PSL state to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the system.

[0029] By displaying the above-mentioned state switching diagram on the human-machine interface, all state operation conditions can be obtained on one diagram, which makes it easier to notice errors in state switching and find erroneous state switching, so that configuration personnel can divide a large process into manageable modules, thereby making it easier to establish configuration and perform subsequent maintenance.

[0030] The switching of the above states is guided by the sequence control program. The sequence control is a closed-loop control. After entering, it will only exit when the control system is powered off or the program is downloaded offline. It will automatically initialize and enter the POL state when powered on. Because the main state automatic action, main state independent action, monitoring state action and interlocking action may issue instructions at the same time, the actions between different states are prioritized and arranged from high to low according to 1 to 7: 1. SBF steam backflow protection. For example, this protects against superheated steam backflow. Its primary function is to prevent steam from flowing backwards within the system, potentially damaging equipment or causing system instability. Backflow protection is implemented through control valves and logic controls, ensuring that steam flows only in the intended direction. This helps protect equipment from water hammer and other damage that can be caused by backflowing steam, while also helping to maintain system pressure and flow stability, and therefore has the highest priority. 2. Opening valve action for BTC burner cooling (and closing vent valve); 3. Independent action in any other state (interlocking); 4. Independent state actions in certain states; 5. Automatic actions with prerequisites within the state; 6. BTC valve closing (opening the air valve), for example: BTC01 action; 7. Reset instruction for any independent action state action.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 In the sequence control program, the valve status is automatically collected during program initialization and corresponding open / close commands are issued to all valves according to the valve feedback signal. After 2 seconds, a command is issued to start the main state sequence control E200_ST_BLK program. E200_ST_BLK is the boot program of the main sequence control program, which is used to guide the initialization of the entire sequence control program, the exit and entry of the main state sequence control program, and prevent sequence control execution errors. Figure 2 The following is a sequence control program. The specific algorithm is described as follows: (1) E200_ST_BLK is the sequential control boot program: the left side is the input pin, and the right side is the output pin. When it is necessary to exit the current main state sequential control program, an exit instruction is issued to the corresponding input pin. Figure 1 The path shown issues a transfer instruction to the main state sequence program that needs to be entered, thereby realizing the cross-main state transition.

[0032] (2) There are 11 main status programs. Take POL_ST_BLK program as an example: Please refer to Figure 3 The left side is the input pin. When the transfer condition is met or the trip condition is triggered, the state transition is performed within the state. The right side is the output pin. When entering the corresponding state, an automatic action instruction is issued to drive the valve and other actions. Figure 1shown.

[0033] (3) Initialization process: When the system is restarted after power failure or when executing the whole download program, the initialization program is automatically executed. Because some valves on site have fault protection functions, if the initialization action is performed during the protection period, it is necessary to confirm the feedback signal of the current status of the on-site valve, and then send the corresponding switch valve action instruction with the lowest priority to ensure that there is no danger of abnormal valve action during initialization.

[0034] (4) There are two ways to restart the system. One is to power off the system, and the other is to download the entire program.

[0035] (5) The sequence control in the configuration uses ST language to write custom function blocks. Because the scale of the entire main sequence control is relatively large, there are many transition conditions between states and actions executed within the state. A single custom function block cannot be written as a whole. Therefore, before the configuration begins, the main state is split into the above 11 large states. Each large state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching. Some large states also have sub-states. The sub-states enter and exit through the instructions of the large state. A custom function block E200_ST_BLK for sequence control guidance is also designed above the large state. Generally speaking, it is divided into three levels of control. Taking the POL state as an example, please refer to Figure 4 The entry points are the Initialization and CDN Cooling states, which include four internal states: POL01-04. There are two exit paths from POL: to the GSD Gasification Shutdown state and the PSL Process Selection state. The program primarily uses CASE statements to control state transitions. The STEP values ​​(1-4) clearly indicate the current state, making program reading more intuitive. Other main states are also implemented by modifying this template, making it easier for system engineers to read the program during future maintenance.

[0036] (6) BTC status is an independent sequence control program, which runs synchronously with the main sequence control. When the gasifier temperature exceeds 900℃, the system automatically monitors the status from BTC01 and selects the appropriate cooling method for burner cooling, giving priority to high-pressure steam. If high-pressure steam cannot be used, it will automatically switch to high-pressure nitrogen and ultra-high-pressure nitrogen. This will avoid burner damage. Figure 5 , which shows the state diagram of BTC sequential control.

[0037] (7) The SBF steam backflow protection program is a high-level interlocking program. When the pressure difference between the high-pressure steam and the gasifier is less than 100KPA and is not in the POL02 state, the steam oxidizer bypass valve, the shielding steam bypass valve, the lifting steam bypass valve, the steam switch valve, and the upstream switch valve of the oil channel purge steam are triggered to close; in addition, when it is not in the HUP01 to GST04S04 state, the intermediate and downstream switch valves of the oil channel purge steam are also closed.

[0038] (8) While the main sequence control is running, the monitoring status (BTC, SBF) and UZ interlock program are also active. BTC is used for burner cooling protection, such as Figure 5 As shown, in normal operation, the BTC is in the BTC01 state and waits. When the gasifier temperature exceeds 900°C, the burner must remain cooled. When burning fuel gas, cooling is provided by secondary air and fuel gas; when gasifying raw materials, cooling is provided by high-pressure superheated steam, oxygen, and raw materials.

[0039] The automated control method for a residual oil-to-hydrogen gasification unit based on the SIS system described above ensures that the gasification unit is heated, started, operated, and shut down in a safe manner. Sequential control is a closed-loop control system that exits only when the control system loses power or downloads a program offline. Operators can follow the human-machine interface state diagram to complete functional requirements such as heating, starting, operating, and shutting down the gasification unit, as well as automatic safety assurance. If the heating, starting, or shutting down sequence differs from the normal procedure, an alternate logic path can be selected. In addition to the heating, starting, normal operation, and shutdown procedures, the system also has the ability to perform specific tasks, including: gasification unit maintenance; isolating the gasifier for installation of auxiliary burners or simulated burners; replacing thermocouples or inspecting the main burner nozzle using an endoscope; pressure testing the gasifier; and cooling the gasifier to ambient conditions in preparation for maintenance.

[0040] Based on the same concept, this embodiment also provides an automatic control device for a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system, comprising: The control and display module is configured to use the SIS system as a platform to build the sequence control program and human-machine interface of the residue oil hydrogenation unit. The sequence control program guides state switching to achieve unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface displays the operation process in the form of a state switching diagram. The state switching guided by the sequence program further includes: The PSL process selection state is used as a transfer station to connect other states and select subsequent operation paths, so that the system can return to the PSL state after completing other states and wait for the next instruction; Each state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching, and the initialization of the entire sequence program and the entry and exit of the sequence program of each state are guided by the sequence guide program to avoid sequence execution errors.

[0041] This device is used to implement the automatic control method of the above-mentioned residue oil hydrogenation device based on the SIS system. Its implementation method is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic control method for a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system, characterized in that: include: Using the SIS system as a platform, a sequential control program and human-machine interface were constructed for the residue oil hydrogenation unit. The sequential control program guided state switching, achieving unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface displayed the operation process in the form of a state switching diagram. The state switching guided by the sequence control program further includes: The PSL process selection state is used as a transfer station to connect other states and select subsequent operation paths, so that the system can return to the PSL state after completing other states and wait for the next instruction; Each state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching, and the initialization of the entire sequence program and the entry and exit of the sequence program of each state are guided by the sequence guide program to avoid sequence execution errors.

2. The automatic control method for a residual oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The execution status of the sequential control program is divided into POL process offline state, RIS gasifier isolation state, RPT gasifier airtightness test state, HUP heating state, GST gasification start state, GSD gasification shutdown state, CDN cooling state, PSD pressure purge shutdown state and HSD heating shutdown state; Inter-state transition conditions, state transition paths, and in-state execution actions are configured for each state to automatically complete the start-up, heating, operation, and shutdown control of the residue oil hydrogenation unit.

3. The automatic control method for a residual oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When entering the HUP heating state from the PSL state, the gasifier temperature is raised to 1250°C; during the HUP heating process, if an abnormal situation occurs and causes a trip, the system will enter the PSD pressure purge shutdown state or the HSD heating shutdown state.

4. The automatic control method for a residual oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system according to claim 2, characterized in that: After completing a series of gasification start-up operations in the GST state, the normal operation stage is entered; if an abnormal situation occurs in the GST state or the normal operation stage, the vehicle will jump to the GSD gasification shutdown state to isolate oxygen, feed oil, and fuel gas, reduce system pressure, purge the feed oil pipeline to prevent pipeline blockage, and use high-pressure nitrogen to purge the gasifier to complete the shutdown.

5. The automatic control method for a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the shutdown operation is completed in the GSD state, or the system pressure is less than 0.05MPA, it enters the CDN cooling state; during the cooling process, high-pressure nitrogen or secondary air is used for cooling according to the temperature of the gasifier.

6. The automatic control method for a residue oil-to-hydrogen gasification device based on an SIS system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The PSD state is entered by jumping from the HUP heating state. The abnormal conditions in the heating process are handled including gasifier isolation, decompression, and purging. After the treatment is completed, the system returns to the PSL state and waits. The HSD state is entered by jumping from the HUP heating state or the GST state to handle abnormal conditions of the system during heating or starting, perform gasifier isolation and purge operations, and prepare for subsequent processing of the system.

7. The automatic control method of a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The execution of the sequential control program also includes SBF steam backflow protection. When the pressure difference between the high-pressure steam and the gasifier is less than 100KPA and is not in the POL state, the steam oxidizer bypass valve, shielding steam bypass valve, lifting steam bypass valve, steam switch valve, and oil channel purge steam upstream switch valve are triggered to close to prevent steam backflow in the system, thereby avoiding possible equipment damage or system instability.

8. The automatic control method of a residue oil hydrogenation device based on an SIS system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The execution of the sequential control program also includes the BTC burner cooling state. When the gasifier temperature is greater than 900℃, it enters the BTC burner cooling state. During the burner cooling process, when burning fuel gas, cooling is provided by secondary air and fuel gas; when burning gasified raw materials, cooling is provided by high-pressure superheated steam, oxygen and raw materials.

9. An automatic control device for a residue oil hydrogenation unit based on an SIS system, characterized in that: include: The control and display module is configured to use the SIS system as a platform to build the sequence control program and human-machine interface of the residue oil hydrogenation unit. The sequence control program guides state switching to achieve unified control of the equipment within the unit. The human-machine interface displays the operation process in the form of a state switching diagram. The step of guiding the state switching by the sequence control program further includes: The PSL process selection state is used as a transfer station to connect other states and select subsequent operation paths, so that the system can return to the PSL state after completing other states and wait for the next instruction; Each state uses an independent custom function block to implement state switching, and the initialization of the entire sequence program and the entry and exit of the sequence program of each state are guided by the sequence guide program to avoid sequence execution errors.

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