Battery recovery system and battery recovery method

Abstract

The invention provides a battery recovery system and a battery recovery method, the battery recovery system comprises: a first crushing device, at least part of which is used for crushing a pole piece; a second crushing device, a pyrolysis device and a sorting device, the second crushing device is used for crushing the single batteries, and the pyrolysis device is communicated with a discharge port of the second crushing device; the sorting device is communicated with the pyrolysis device, the sorting device is used for sorting materials obtained through pyrolysis of the pyrolysis device, the sorting device is provided with a first sorting outlet and a second sorting outlet which are arranged at an interval, and the first sorting outlet is located at the bottom of the second sorting outlet; and the powder removing device selectively communicates with the second sorting outlet and / or the first crushing device, and the powder removing device is used for performing powder removing treatment. Through the technical scheme provided by the invention, the technical problem that the recovery cost of a battery recovery system in the prior art is relatively high can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling systems, and in particular to a battery recycling system and a battery recycling method. Background Art

[0002] In existing technologies, recycling used batteries often requires separating them into electrode sheets and individual cells containing electrolytes, each of which undergoes separate processing. While electrode sheets can typically be recycled with a simple treatment, individual cells require multiple, repeated treatments before they can be reused. Therefore, existing processes often require separate processing of individual cells and electrode sheets.

[0003] However, when single cells and electrodes are processed separately using existing processes, a large amount of equipment is often required and a large amount of space is occupied, resulting in high recycling costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery recycling system and a battery recycling method to solve the technical problem of high recycling cost of battery recycling systems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery recycling system is provided, comprising:

[0006] a first crushing device, at least part of which is used to crush the pole piece;

[0007] a second crushing device, a pyrolysis device, and a sorting device, wherein at least a portion of the second crushing device is used to crush the single cells, the feed port of the pyrolysis device is connected to the discharge port of the second crushing device, and the pyrolysis device is used to pyrolyze the material crushed by the second crushing device; the feed port of the sorting device is used to communicate with the discharge port of the pyrolysis device, and the sorting device is used to sort the material pyrolyzed by the pyrolysis device, and the sorting device has a first sorting outlet and a second sorting outlet spaced apart, and the first sorting outlet is located at the bottom of the second sorting outlet;

[0008] The de-powdering device has a feed port that can be selectively connected to the second sorting outlet and / or the discharge port of the first crushing device, and the de-powdering device is used for de-powdering processing.

[0009] Furthermore, the de-powdering device includes a first-stage de-powdering component and a second-stage de-powdering component connected in sequence, and the first-stage de-powdering component includes a separation mechanism and a de-powdering machine connected to each other; the second-stage de-powdering component includes a crushing granulator and a second separation component connected in sequence, and the discharge port of the crushing granulator is connected to the feed port of the second separation component.

[0010] Furthermore, the separation mechanism includes a first separation device and a second separation device, the screen-over discharge port of the first separation device is connected to the feed port of the de-dusting machine, the de-dusting port of the de-dusting machine is connected to the feed port of the second separation device, and the screen-over discharge port of the second separation device is connected to the feed port of the crushing granulator; the first separation device is a vibrating screen or a screening machine;

[0011] Among them, the battery recycling system also includes a collecting silo, and the undersize material discharge outlet of the first separation device, the black powder outlet of the de-powdering machine and the undersize material discharge outlet of the second separation device are all connected to the collecting silo.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery recycling system further includes a first separation component, wherein the undersize discharge outlet of the first separation device, the black powder outlet of the de-powdering machine, and the undersize discharge outlet of the second separation device are all connected to the separation inlet of the first separation component, and the black powder outlet of the first separation component is connected to the collection silo;

[0013] The secondary de-powdering component also includes an airflow separator, the feed port of the airflow separator is connected to the discharge port of the crushing granulator, the black powder outlet of the airflow separator is connected to the separation inlet of the second separation component, and the black powder outlet of the second separation component is connected to the collection silo;

[0014] Wherein, at least one of the first separation assembly and the second separation assembly includes a separator and a dust collector connected in sequence.

[0015] Furthermore, the battery recycling system further comprises a pneumatic conveyor, wherein the black powder outlet of the first separation component and the black powder outlet of the second separation component are both connected to the feed port of the pneumatic conveyor, and the discharge port of the pneumatic conveyor is connected to the collection silo; and / or,

[0016] The first separation component further includes a spray tower, and the feed inlet of the spray tower is connected to the gas outlet of the first separation component.

[0017] Further, the second separation assembly includes a second separator, and the battery recycling system further includes a third separation device and a collection silo;

[0018] Among them, the secondary de-powdering component also includes an airflow separator, the feed port of the airflow separator is connected to the discharge port of the crushing granulator, the black powder outlet of the airflow separator is connected to the feed port of the second separator, the black powder outlet of the second separator is connected to the collection silo, the feed port of the third separation device is connected to the sorting port of the airflow separator, and the screen discharge port of the third separation device is used to discharge black powder; the third separation device is a vibrating screen or a screening machine; or,

[0019] The feed port of the second separator is connected to the discharge port of the crushing granulator, the black powder outlet of the second separator is connected to the collecting silo, the heavy material outlet of the second separator is connected to the feed port of the third separation device, the light material outlet of the third separation device is connected to the feed port of the crushing granulator, and the black powder of the third separation device is transported to the collecting silo by negative pressure.

[0020] Furthermore, the secondary de-powdering component also includes:

[0021] The gravity separator has a feed port connected to the heavy material discharge port of the third separation device. The gravity separator has a first gravity separation port and a second gravity separation port to separate metals of different specific gravities.

[0022] Furthermore, the first crushing device includes a first crusher and a first magnetic separator, the feed port of the first magnetic separator is connected to the discharge port of the first crusher, the first crusher is used to crush the pole pieces, and the first magnetic separator is used to magnetically separate the material crushed by the first crusher, the first magnetic separator has a first magnetic separation outlet and a second magnetic separation outlet, the first magnetic separation outlet forms the discharge port of the first crushing device, the first magnetic separation outlet is used to discharge non-ferromagnetic materials, and the second magnetic separation outlet is used to discharge ferromagnetic materials;

[0023] Wherein, the first crusher is a single-stage four-shaft crusher, or a two-stage double-shaft crusher, or a double-shaft crushing single-shaft shredder, or a single-shaft shredder; and / or,

[0024] The second crushing device includes a second crusher, which is a single-shaft sealed shredder, or a double-shaft sealed crusher and a single-shaft sealed shredder, or a four-shaft sealed crusher.

[0025] Furthermore, the sorting device comprises:

[0026] A wind separator, the feed port of the wind separator is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis device, and the light material outlet of the wind separator is used to be connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device.

[0027] Furthermore, the battery recycling system further includes a dust removal structure, wherein the dust removal inlet of the dust removal structure is connected to the gas outlet of the pyrolysis device, and the material outlet of the dust removal structure is connected to the material inlet of the pyrolysis device; and / or,

[0028] The sorting device also includes a second magnetic separator, and the feed port of the second magnetic separator is connected to the heavy material outlet of the wind separator.

[0029] Furthermore, the sorting device includes a primary sorter and a secondary sorter, wherein the feed port of the primary sorter is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis device; the secondary sorter is arranged downstream of the primary sorter, and the light material outlet of the secondary sorter is connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device; the sorting device also includes:

[0030] The fourth separation device is arranged between the primary separator and the secondary separator, the feed port of the fourth separation device is connected with the light material outlet of the primary separator and the feed port of the de-powdering device, and the heavy material outlet of the fourth separation device is connected with the feed port of the secondary separator;

[0031] Among them, the fourth separation equipment is a crushing equipment or a disintegrating equipment.

[0032] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes:

[0033] The heating device, the light material inlet of the first-stage separator and the light material inlet of the second-stage separator are all connected to the feed port of the heating device, and the solid phase outlet of the heating device is connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device.

[0034] Furthermore, the battery recycling system further includes a control module, which is configured to:

[0035] Determine whether to heat the single cell in sections according to the type of the single cell;

[0036] When it is necessary to heat the single battery in sections, start the pyrolysis device and the heating device;

[0037] When there is no need to heat the single battery cells in sections, the pyrolysis device is started and the heating device is turned off.

[0038] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery recycling method is provided, which is applicable to the battery recycling system provided above. The battery recycling method includes:

[0039] Crushing the pole piece to obtain a first crushed material;

[0040] Crushing the single battery to obtain a second crushed material, pyrolyzing the second crushed material to obtain a pyrolyzed material; sorting the pyrolyzed material to obtain a first sorted material and a second sorted material, wherein the weight of a single particle of the first sorted material is greater than the weight of a single particle of the second sorted material;

[0041] The first crushed material and / or the second sorted material are de-powdered by using a de-powdering device.

[0042] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the battery recycling system can be used for both the recycling of single cells and the recycling of pole pieces, and can also be used for the recycling of both single cells and pole pieces simultaneously. This allows the recycling processes of single cells and pole pieces to be integrated into a single battery recycling system, significantly reducing the amount of equipment required to process single cells and pole pieces, thereby reducing the space required for the battery recycling process and effectively lowering the cost of battery recycling. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention can solve the technical problem of high recycling costs in existing battery recycling systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery recycling system provided according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a battery recycling system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0046] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0047] 10. First crushing device; 11. First crusher; 12. First magnetic separator; 13. First conveyor;

[0048] 20. Second crushing device; 21. Second crusher; 22. Third conveyor;

[0049] 30. Pyrolysis device;

[0050] 40. Sorting device; 41. Wind separator; 42. Second magnetic separator; 43. Fifth conveyor; 44. Primary separator; 45. Secondary separator; 46. Fourth separation device;

[0051] 51. Primary de-powdering assembly; 511. First separation equipment; 512. Second separation equipment; 513. De-powdering machine; 514. Second conveyor; 52. Secondary de-powdering assembly; 521. Crushing and granulating machine; 522. Airflow separator; 5231. Second separator; 5232. Second dust collector; 524. Third separation equipment; 525. Specific gravity separator;

[0052] 61. Collection silo; 621. First separator; 622. First dust collector; 623. Spray tower; 63. Pneumatic conveyor;

[0053] 71. Dust removal structure; 72. Exhaust gas treatment equipment; 73. Fourth conveyor;

[0054] 80. Cooling device;

[0055] 90. Heating device; 100. Third dust collector; 110. Sixth conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a battery recycling system, which includes a first crushing device 10, a second crushing device 20, a pyrolysis device 30, a sorting device 40 and a de-powdering device. At least part of the first crushing device 10 is used to crush the electrode sheets, and at least part of the second crushing device 20 is used to crush the single battery cells. The feed port of the pyrolysis device 30 is connected to the discharge port of the second crushing device 20, and the pyrolysis device 30 is used to pyrolyze the material obtained by the crushing of the second crushing device 20. The feed port of the sorting device 40 is used to communicate with the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 30, and the sorting device 40 is used to sort the material obtained by the pyrolysis of the pyrolysis device 30. The sorting device 40 has a first sorting outlet and a second sorting outlet arranged at intervals, and the first sorting outlet is located at the bottom of the second sorting outlet. The feed port of the de-powdering device can be selectively connected to the second sorting outlet and / or the discharge port of the first crushing device 10, and the de-powdering device is used to perform de-powdering treatment.

[0058] In the battery recycling system provided in the embodiment, when the feed port of the de-powdering device is connected to the second sorting outlet, the de-powdering device can be used to de-powder the partial product obtained after the single cell battery is pyrolyzed and sorted; when the feed port of the de-powdering device is connected to the discharge port of the first crushing device 10, the de-powdering device can be used to de-powder the product obtained after the electrode is crushed; when the feed port of the de-powdering device is connected to the second sorting outlet and the discharge port of the first crushing device 10, the de-powdering device can be used to de-powder the partial product obtained after the single cell battery is pyrolyzed and sorted, and can also be used to de-powder the partial product obtained after the single cell battery is pyrolyzed and sorted. In this way, the recycling process of the single cell battery and the electrode can be integrated into a battery recycling system, thereby reducing the number of equipment required to use when processing the single cell battery and the electrode, thereby reducing the space required for the battery recycling process, and effectively reducing the cost of battery recycling.

[0059] Specifically, a single battery includes a battery cell and an electrolyte.

[0060] Specifically, the sorting device can be a gravity sorting device 40. Due to the different locations of the first and second sorting outlets, the density and particle size of the materials at the first and second sorting outlets are also different. Specifically, the first sorting outlet can discharge materials with relatively high density and particle size, while the second sorting outlet can discharge materials with relatively low density and particle size. When the feed inlet of the de-powdering device is connected to the second sorting outlet, the de-powdering device can de-powder the materials with relatively low density and particle size sorted by the sorting device 40.

[0061] Specifically, the first crushing device 10 includes a first conveyor 13 and a first crusher 11, and the second conveying device includes a third conveyor 22 and a second crusher 21. The electrode sheets can be conveyed to the first crusher 11 via the first conveyor 13, and the single cells can be conveyed to the second crusher 21 via the third conveyor 22. Specifically, the second crusher 21 can be an oxygen-free crusher.

[0062] Specifically, when the battery recycling system processes single cells and pole pieces at the same time, the second crushing device 20 can be directly used to process both.

[0063] In this embodiment, the de-powdering device includes a first-stage de-powdering assembly 51 and a second-stage de-powdering assembly 52, which are interconnected. The first-stage de-powdering assembly 51 includes a separator and a de-powdering machine 513, which are interconnected. The second-stage de-powdering assembly 52 includes a pulverizer 521 and an airflow separator 522, which are interconnected. The discharge port of the pulverizer 521 is connected to the feed port of the airflow separator 522. Thus, when the material is passed into the first-stage de-powdering assembly 51, the separator of the first-stage de-powdering assembly 51 can vibrate and screen the material, while the de-powdering machine 513 can cooperate with the separator, thereby achieving a preliminary de-powdering process of the material through simple vibration and de-powdering. After the first-stage de-powdering assembly 51 performs primary de-powdering on the material, the material is passed into the second-stage de-powdering assembly 52. ​​The pulverizer 521 of the second-stage de-powdering assembly 52 can crush the material for subsequent processing, while the airflow separator 522 can sort the crushed material to separate dust from the material, thereby achieving effective de-powdering of the material. Thus, the material entering the de-powdering device is subjected to two-stage processing by the primary de-powdering assembly 51 and the secondary de-powdering assembly 52, which greatly improves the de-powdering effect of the de-powdering device. Specifically, the separation mechanism can be a vibrating screen structure or a screening machine.

[0064] Specifically, the first-stage de-powdering component 51 further includes a second conveyor 514 , through which the material discharged from the second sorting port can be conveyed to the separation mechanism.

[0065] In this embodiment, the separation mechanism includes a first separation device 511 and a second separation device 512. The oversize material outlet of the first separation device 511 is connected to the feed inlet of the de-dusting machine 513. The de-dusting port of the de-dusting machine 513 is connected to the feed inlet of the second separation device 512. The oversize material outlet of the second separation device 512 is connected to the feed inlet of the crushing granulator 521. The battery recycling system also includes a collection silo 61. The undersize material outlet of the first separation device 511, the black powder outlet of the de-dusting machine 513, and the undersize material outlet of the second separation device 512 are all connected to the collection silo 61. In this way, after the material is vibrated and screened by the first separation device 511 to separate the oversize and undersize, the oversize is passed into the de-powdering machine 513. The de-powdering machine 513 further de-powders the oversize of the first separation device 511. The material obtained after the de-powdering machine 513 is passed into the second separation device 512 to vibrate and screen the material a second time. Thus, through two vibration screenings and one de-powdering process, the de-powdering effect of the first-stage de-powdering component 51 is guaranteed. In addition, the undersize discharge port of the first separation device 511, the black powder outlet of the de-powdering machine 513, and the undersize discharge port of the second separation device 512 are connected to the collection silo 61, so that the dust obtained after the de-powdering process of the first-stage de-powdering component 51 can be collected, thereby enabling the dust obtained by the first-stage de-powdering component 51 to be reused.

[0066] Specifically, the first separation device 511 and the second separation device 512 are both vibrating screen structures. The first separation device 511 can be a linear screen, and the second separation device 512 can be a rotary vibrating screen.

[0067] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system further includes a first separation assembly. The undersize discharge outlet of the first separation device 511, the black powder outlet of the de-powdering machine 513, and the undersize discharge outlet of the second separation device 512 are all connected to the separation inlet of the first separation assembly, and the black powder outlet of the first separation assembly is connected to the collection silo 61. The secondary de-powdering assembly 52 further includes a second separation assembly. The black powder outlet of the airflow separator 522 is connected to the separation inlet of the second separation assembly, and the black powder outlet of the second separation assembly is connected to the collection silo 61. At least one of the first and second separation assemblies includes a separator and a dust collector that are connected in sequence. In this way, the undersize material obtained by the first separation equipment 511, the black powder obtained by the de-powdering machine 513 and the undersize material obtained by the second separation equipment 512 can be dusted through the first separation component to obtain black powder with higher purity, and then the black powder obtained by the dust removal treatment is passed into the collecting silo 61, and the black powder obtained by the air flow separator 522 in the secondary de-powdering component 52 is dusted through the second separation component and then passed into the collecting silo 61, thereby improving the purity of the black powder obtained in the collecting silo 61.

[0068] Specifically, the first separation assembly includes a first separator 621 and a first dust collector 622 , and the second separation assembly includes a second separator 5231 and a second dust collector 5232 .

[0069] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system further includes a pneumatic conveyor 63. The black powder outlets of the first and second separation assemblies are both connected to the feed port of the pneumatic conveyor 63, and the discharge port of the pneumatic conveyor 63 is connected to the collection silo 61. This allows the pneumatic conveyor 63 to provide power during the transportation of the black powder obtained by the first and second separation assemblies, thereby ensuring timely delivery of the black powder to the collection silo 61. Furthermore, this prevents the black powder from escaping during transportation, thereby ensuring efficient black powder transportation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first separation assembly further includes a spray tower 623, the feed inlet of which is connected to the gas outlet of the first separation assembly. Thus, when the first separation assembly discharges gas, the spray tower 623 can absorb dust in the discharged gas, thereby preventing the discharged gas from polluting the environment.

[0071] In this embodiment, the secondary de-powdering assembly 52 includes a third separation device 524 and a gravity separator 525. The feed inlet of the third separation device 524 is connected to the sorting port of the airflow separator 522, and the undersize discharge port of the third separation device 524 is used to discharge black powder. The feed inlet of the gravity separator 525 is connected to the heavy material discharge port of the third separation device 524. The gravity separator 525 has a first gravity separation port and a second gravity separation port to separate metals of different specific gravities. In this way, the third separation device 524 can further de-powder the material, and the resulting oversize material is passed to the gravity separator 525, where metals of different specific gravities are separated, thereby achieving classified collection of the recovered metal material. Specifically, the third separation device 524 can be a vibrating screen or a screening machine. Preferably, the third separation device 524 in this embodiment is a single-layer vibrating screen, and the heavy material discharge port is also the oversize discharge port.

[0072] Specifically, the metals of different specific gravities separated by the specific gravity separator 525 include copper and aluminum.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first crushing device 10 includes a first crusher 11 and a first magnetic separator 12. The feed port of the first magnetic separator 12 is connected to the discharge port of the first crusher 11. The first crusher 11 is used to crush the pole pieces, and the first magnetic separator 12 is used to magnetically separate the material obtained by crushing the first crusher 11. The first magnetic separator 12 has a first magnetic separation outlet and a second magnetic separation outlet. The first magnetic separation outlet forms the discharge port of the first crushing device 10. The first magnetic separation outlet is used to discharge non-ferromagnetic materials, and the second magnetic separation outlet is used to discharge ferromagnetic materials. In this way, the first magnetic separator 12 magnetically separates the material obtained by crushing the pole pieces of the first crushing device 10, thereby separating the ferromagnetic materials from the material obtained by crushing the pole pieces, thereby enabling the recovery of the ferromagnetic materials.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first crusher 11 is a single-stage four-shaft crusher, or a two-stage two-shaft crusher, or a two-shaft crushing single-shaft shredder, or a single-shaft shredder. Specifically, the type of the first crusher can be determined according to specific crushing requirements.

[0075] In this embodiment, the second crushing device 20 includes a second crusher 21, which is a single-shaft sealed shredder, or a double-shaft sealed shredder and a single-shaft sealed shredder, or a four-shaft sealed shredder. Thus, when the single-shaft sealed shredder, or the double-shaft sealed shredder and a single-shaft sealed shredder, or the four-shaft sealed shredder crushes the single cells, it can prevent the single cell material from coming into contact with air, thereby preventing the single cells from reacting with oxygen during the crushing process, thereby preventing fire or even explosion, thereby ensuring safety during the single cell crushing process.

[0076] Specifically, during the crushing process of the single battery, inert gas can be introduced into the second crusher 21 to further ensure the safety of the battery recycling system during use.

[0077] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system also includes a pyrolysis device 30 and a wind separator 41. The feed inlet of the pyrolysis device 30 is connected to the discharge outlet of the first crushing device 10, and the pyrolysis device 30 is used to pyrolyze the material crushed by the first crushing device 10. The feed inlet of the wind separator 41 is connected to the discharge outlet of the pyrolysis device 30, and the light material outlet of the wind separator 41 is connected to the feed inlet of the de-powdering device, so that the discharge outlet of the first crushing device 10 is connected to the feed inlet of the de-powdering device through the pyrolysis device 30 and the wind separator 41. In this way, the pyrolysis device 30 can pyrolyze the material crushed by the first crushing device 10, facilitating the collection of recyclable materials from the crushed single battery cells. Furthermore, when the light material outlet of the wind separator 41 is connected to the feed inlet of the de-powdering device, the de-powdering device can de-powder the relatively light weight single particles of material obtained by the wind separator, facilitating the collection of black powder separated by the wind separator 41.

[0078] Specifically, the pyrolysis device 30 in this embodiment can be a pyrolysis furnace. Specifically, the pyrolysis furnace is mainly used for medium-temperature pyrolysis, and the medium-temperature pyrolysis temperature is set at 350°C to 500°C.

[0079] Specifically, the battery recycling system further includes a fourth conveyor 73 , through which the material crushed by the second crushing device 20 is conveyed to the pyrolysis device 30 .

[0080] Specifically, the battery recycling system also includes a cooling device 80 and a fifth conveyor 43. The cooling device 80 is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 30, so that the material obtained by pyrolysis can be cooled. After the material is cooled to a certain temperature, the cooled material is transported to the wind separator 41 through the fifth conveyor 43.

[0081] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system further includes a dust removal structure 71. The dust removal inlet of the dust removal structure 71 is connected to the gas outlet of the pyrolysis device 30, and the material outlet of the dust removal structure 71 is connected to the material inlet of the pyrolysis device 30. In this way, the dust removal structure 71 can remove dust from the gas outlet of the pyrolysis device 30, and the dust obtained by dust removal can be reintroduced into the pyrolysis device 30, thereby enabling the dust in the gas outlet of the pyrolysis device 30 to be reused, thereby improving the recycling efficiency of the single battery cells.

[0082] Specifically, the discharge port of the dust removal structure 71 is connected to the fourth conveyor 73 , and the dust obtained by the dust removal is transported back to the pyrolysis device 30 through the fourth conveyor 73 .

[0083] Specifically, the battery recycling system further includes an exhaust gas treatment device 72 , which is connected to the gas outlet of the dust removal structure 71 to treat the exhaust gas of the pyrolysis device 30 to prevent the exhaust gas of the pyrolysis device 30 from polluting the environment.

[0084] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system further includes a second magnetic separator 42, the feed port of which is connected to the heavy material outlet of the wind separator 41. This allows the second magnetic separator 42 to magnetically separate the relatively high-density and high-particle-size materials separated by the wind separator 41, thereby separating ferromagnetic materials and heavy materials. This allows for the classified recycling of single-cell battery materials and facilitates the reuse of the recovered products.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first conveyor 13, the second conveyor 514 and the remaining conveyors may all be belt conveyors, scraper conveyors or bucket elevators.

[0086] In this embodiment, when the grade pieces are processed separately, there is no need to set up the specific gravity separator 525, and the oversize material obtained by the third separation device 524 can be directly transported and stored by the conveying equipment.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a battery recycling system. The difference between the battery recycling system in this embodiment and the battery recycling system in embodiment 1 lies in the different structure of the secondary de-powdering component 52 and the different structure of the sorting device in the processing of single cells. In addition, the battery recycling system in this embodiment adds a heating device compared to the battery recycling system in embodiment 1.

[0088] Specifically, the secondary de-powdering assembly 52 in this embodiment includes a crushing and granulating machine 521, a second separator 5231, a second dust collector 5232, a third separation device 524, and a specific gravity separator 525. Specifically, the feed port of the second separator 5231 is connected to the discharge port of the crushing and granulating machine 521, the black powder outlet of the second separator 5231 is connected to the collection bin 61, the heavy material outlet of the second separator 5231 is connected to the feed port of the third separation device 524, and the light material outlet of the third separation device 524 is connected to the feed port of the crushing and granulating machine 521. The black powder of the third separation device 524 is transported to the collection bin 61 by negative pressure. This structural arrangement facilitates the re-granulation of the material discharged from the light material outlet separated by the third separation device 524, thereby better ensuring the sufficient granulation and separation of the metal powder and the separation effect of different materials.

[0089] Specifically, the feed port of the specific gravity separator 525 is communicated with the heavy matter discharge port of the third separation device 524 .

[0090] Specifically, the second separator 5231 is a cyclone separator. In this embodiment, the first separation device 511, the second separation device 512 and the third separation device 524 can all be vibrating screens or screening machines, preferably screening machines.

[0091] Specifically, the crushed material is transported by negative pressure to the second separator 5231 and collected in the second dust collector 5232 , and is discharged from the bottom of the second separator 5231 and processed by the third separation equipment 524 .

[0092] Specifically, the second dust collector 5232 can be a bag dust collector. The third separation device 524 in this embodiment includes a two-layer sieve structure. The upper sieve material (discharged through the light material discharge port) enters the crushing granulator 521 for reprocessing, and the lower sieve material (discharged through the heavy material discharge port) enters the specific gravity separator 525 for separation of copper and aluminum particles. The black powder under the lower sieve is negatively pressured and transported to the collection silo 61 for collection.

[0093] In this embodiment, the pyrolysis device 30 can be a heating furnace. The pyrolysis device can adjust the heating temperature according to the type of battery. For example, when processing ternary batteries, the heating temperature at this stage is controlled at 150°C to 200°C. When processing lithium iron phosphate batteries, the processing temperature can be adjusted to 350°C to 500°C.

[0094] Specifically, the sorting device 40 in this embodiment includes a primary sorter 44 and a secondary sorter 45. The feed port of the primary sorter 44 is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis device 30; the secondary sorter 45 is arranged downstream of the primary sorter 44, and the light material outlet of the secondary sorter 45 is connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device. The sorting device also includes a fourth separation device 46. The fourth separation device 46 is arranged between the primary sorter 44 and the secondary sorter 45. The feed port of the fourth separation device 46 is connected to the light material outlet of the primary sorter 44 and the feed port of the de-powdering device, and the heavy material outlet of the fourth separation device 46 is connected to the feed port of the secondary sorter 45; wherein the fourth separation device 46 is a crushing device or a disintegrating device. The crushing or disintegrating process of the fourth separation device 46 can avoid the situation where the material is not completely separated due to coating, thereby improving the subsequent separation effect.

[0095] Specifically, the sorting device 40 in this embodiment also includes a fifth conveyor 43 and a second magnetic separator 42. The material is conveyed to the first-level sorter through the fifth conveyor 43, and the light material is conveyed to the heating device 90 or to the second conveyor 514 of the first-level de-powdering component 51. The heavy material enters the fourth separation device 46 to facilitate further processing of the material coated with the pole piece, to avoid the situation where the material is not completely separated due to the coating, and to improve the subsequent separation effect. The processed material enters the secondary sorter 45, and the sorted light material enters the back-end processing together with the first-level air-sorted light material. The heavy material after sorting enters the second magnetic separator 42 to separate the magnetic material and recycle it separately.

[0096] Specifically, the battery recycling system also includes a heating device 90. The light material inlet of the primary separator 44 and the light material inlet of the secondary separator 45 are both connected to the feed port of the heating device 90. The solid phase outlet of the heating device 90 is connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device. Therefore, when using materials that require staged heating, the heating device must be activated or configured.

[0097] Specifically, when processing ternary lithium batteries, they must first be treated in a pyrolysis device 30 below 200°C to volatilize most of the electrolyte. They are then heated to above 350°C in a heating device 90 to remove the diaphragm and high-temperature electrolyte. This ensures that when the positive electrode material releases oxygen at temperatures above 200°C, it does not react with low-flash-point combustibles, ensuring safe operation of the equipment. The above process can also be understood as requiring the activation of the heating device 90 when processing ternary lithium batteries.

[0098] The battery recycling system also includes a sixth conveyor 110 and a third dust collector 100. The corresponding process flow is briefly described as follows: The front-end material enters the heating device 90 via the sixth conveyor 110 for processing. The volatile gases from pyrolysis are treated in the third dust collector 100 and then enter the dust removal structure 71 for further dust removal. The gas phase is then transported to the exhaust gas treatment plant. The solid phase heated by the heating device 90 enters the back-end cooling device 80 for cooling. When the heating device 90 corresponds to the medium-temperature pyrolysis process, the corresponding temperature is set at 350°C to 500°C.

[0099] Specifically, the heating device 90 may be a heating furnace.

[0100] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system further includes a control module configured to determine whether segmented heating of the individual cells is required based on the cell type; if segmented heating is required, activate the pyrolysis device 30 and the heating device 90; if segmented heating is not required, activate the pyrolysis device 30 and deactivate the heating device 90. This facilitates determining whether to activate the heating device 90 based on the specific cell type, ensuring smooth processing and sufficient separation.

[0101] Specifically, the cooling device 80 can be configured based on the front-end heating process. When the heating device 90 uses low-temperature heating (below 200°C), there is no need to configure a cooling device after the heating device 90. Specifically, the cooling device 80 can cool the material after the medium-temperature pyrolysis to below 60°C through indirect heat exchange.

[0102] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a battery recycling method, which is applicable to the battery recycling system provided in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 and 2. The battery recycling method includes: crushing the electrode to obtain a first crushed material; crushing the single battery to obtain a second crushed material, and pyrolyzing the second crushed material to obtain a pyrolysis material; sorting the pyrolysis material to obtain a first sorted material and a second sorted material, the weight of a single particle of the first sorted material being greater than the weight of a single particle of the second sorted material; and using a de-powdering device to de-powder the first crushed material and / or the second sorted material.

[0103] This battery recycling method integrates the recycling processes for single cells and electrode sheets into a single battery recycling system, reducing the amount of equipment required to process the cells and electrode sheets, reducing the space required for the battery recycling process, and effectively lowering the cost of battery recycling. Furthermore, when processing the materials from the pyrolysis of single cells, they can be classified according to their density, allowing for the appropriate treatment method to be used for different materials, thereby improving the efficiency of single cell recycling.

[0104] Specifically, the first sorting material mainly includes heavy objects such as metals, and the second sorting material includes black powder.

[0105] Specifically, the following illustrates a specific usage process of the battery recycling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention:

[0106] Pole piece crushing: The pole piece material is conveyed to the first crusher 11 via the first conveyor 13 for crushing. After crushing, it enters the first magnetic separator 12 to screen out the magnetic material in the material and collect it. Specifically, the first magnetic separator 12 can be a magnetic separation conveyor.

[0107] Primary De-dusting: The crushed pole pieces are transported to the first separation device 511 by the first magnetic separator 12, while the crushed single cells are transported to the first separation device 511 by the second conveyor 514. The oversize material from the first separation device 511 enters the de-dusting machine 513 for preliminary de-dusting, while the undersize material is transported to the collection silo 61 via the pneumatic conveyor 63. After processing in the de-dusting machine 513, the oversize material enters the secondary de-dusting process, and the undersize material is transported to the black powder silo via the pneumatic conveyor 63.

[0108] Secondary De-Powdering: After primary de-powdering, the material enters the secondary de-powdering granulator 521 for pulverization. The pulverized mixture is conveyed by negative pressure to the airflow separator 522, where the black powder and metal particles are separated. The separated black powder is conveyed by negative pressure in stages to the first cyclone collector (equivalent to the first separator 621) and the first bag filter (equivalent to the first dust collector 622) for collection. The separated metal particles still contain some black powder and are processed by the third separation device 524. The oversize material enters the specific gravity separation to separate the copper and aluminum particles. The undersize black powder is conveyed by negative pressure to the black powder silo for collection.

[0109] Black powder collection: Negative pressure suction is used to maintain a negative pressure environment in conveying, screening, and crushing equipment to prevent dust from escaping during the process. Cyclone dust removal, bag filters, and wet dust removal are employed to ensure that the dust content in the exhaust gas meets standards. Pneumatic conveying is used at each black powder outlet (the undersize material from the first and second separation equipment 511 and 512, and the dust removal equipment outlet) to collect the material into the black powder collection silo 61.

[0110] Sealed crushing: Because single battery cells contain electrolyte and even stored electricity, they are fed via the third conveyor 22 to an anaerobic crusher (equivalent to the second crusher 21) for isolation and crushing to ensure safety. During crushing, an inert protective gas is introduced to prevent emergencies such as cell combustion. The dust-laden gas generated during the crushing process is collected and processed by black powder. The crushed material then enters the medium-temperature pyrolysis unit 30 for pyrolysis.

[0111] Medium-temperature pyrolysis: The crushed cells are transported via the fourth conveyor 73 to the medium-temperature pyrolysis unit 30 for processing. The volatile gases from the pyrolysis are treated by the dust removal structure 71, and the gas phase is transported to the tail gas treatment equipment 72 for further processing. The solid phase returns to the fourth conveyor 73. The medium-temperature pyrolysis temperature is set at 350°C to 400°C.

[0112] Cooling: The material after medium-temperature pyrolysis is cooled to below 70°C by indirect heat exchange.

[0113] Comprehensive sorting: The cooled material is conveyed to the wind separator 41 via the fifth conveyor 43. The light material sorted by the wind separator 41 is conveyed to the second conveyor 514, and the heavy material is processed by the second magnetic separator 42 to separate the magnetic material and recover them separately.

[0114] Tail gas treatment: The organic waste gas generated during the medium-temperature pyrolysis process enters the tail gas treatment equipment 72 after dust removal, and is discharged after the volatile organic matter, dust or harmful gases are removed and meet the emission standards.

[0115] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the battery recycling system can process single cells or pole pieces individually, and can also process single cells and pole pieces simultaneously, thereby broadening the processing range of the battery recycling system, reducing the overall investment in equipment, reducing the site occupation, and effectively reducing the cost of battery recycling.

[0116] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0117] Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. Technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0118] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0119] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0120] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0121] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery recycling system, characterized in that: include: a first crushing device (10), at least a portion of which is used to crush the pole piece; a second crushing device (20), a pyrolysis device (30) and a sorting device (40), wherein at least a portion of the second crushing device (20) is used to crush single cells, the feed port of the pyrolysis device (30) is communicated with the discharge port of the second crushing device (20), and the pyrolysis device (30) is used to pyrolyze the material crushed by the second crushing device (20); the feed port of the sorting device (40) is used to communicate with the discharge port of the pyrolysis device (30), and the sorting device (40) is used to sort the material pyrolyzed by the pyrolysis device (30), and the sorting device (40) has a first sorting outlet and a second sorting outlet arranged at intervals, and the first sorting outlet is located at the bottom of the second sorting outlet; A de-powdering device, wherein the feed port of the de-powdering device can be selectively connected to the second sorting outlet and / or the discharge port of the first crushing device (10), and the de-powdering device is used for de-powdering treatment.

2. The battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The de-powdering device comprises a primary de-powdering component (51) and a secondary de-powdering component (52) which are connected in sequence, wherein the primary de-powdering component (51) comprises a separation mechanism and a de-powdering machine (513) which are connected to each other; and the secondary de-powdering component (52) comprises a crushing granulator (521) and a second separation component which are connected in sequence, wherein the discharge port of the crushing granulator (521) is connected to the feed port of the second separation component.

3. The battery recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation mechanism comprises a first separation device (511) and a second separation device (512), wherein the screen-over discharge port of the first separation device (511) is communicated with the feed port of the de-dusting machine (513), the de-dusting port of the de-dusting machine (513) is communicated with the feed port of the second separation device (512), and the screen-over discharge port of the second separation device (512) is communicated with the feed port of the crushing granulator (521); the first separation device (511) is a vibrating screen or a screening machine; The battery recycling system further includes a collecting silo (61), and the undersize material discharge outlet of the first separation device (511), the black powder outlet of the de-powdering machine (513), and the undersize material discharge outlet of the second separation device (512) are all connected to the collecting silo (61).

4. The battery recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery recycling system further comprises a first separation component, wherein the undersize discharge port of the first separation device (511), the black powder outlet of the de-powdering machine (513), and the undersize discharge port of the second separation device (512) are all connected to the separation inlet of the first separation component, and the black powder outlet of the first separation component is connected to the collection silo (61); The secondary de-powdering component (52) further comprises an airflow separator (522), the feed port of the airflow separator (522) is communicated with the discharge port of the crushing granulator (521), the black powder outlet of the airflow separator (522) is communicated with the separation inlet of the second separation component, and the black powder outlet of the second separation component is communicated with the collecting silo (61); Wherein, at least one of the first separation component and the second separation component includes a separator and a dust collector connected in sequence.

5. The battery recycling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery recycling system further comprises a pneumatic conveyor (63), the black powder outlet of the first separation component and the black powder outlet of the second separation component are both connected to the feed port of the pneumatic conveyor (63), and the discharge port of the pneumatic conveyor (63) is connected to the collection bin (61); and / or, The first separation component further includes a spray tower (623), and the feed inlet of the spray tower (623) is connected to the gas outlet of the first separation component.

6. The battery recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second separation assembly includes a second separator (5231), and the battery recycling system further includes a third separation device (524) and a collection silo (61); Wherein, the secondary de-powdering component (52) further includes an airflow separator (522), the feed port of the airflow separator (522) is communicated with the discharge port of the crushing granulator (521), the black powder outlet of the airflow separator (522) is communicated with the feed port of the second separator (5231), the black powder outlet of the second separator (5231) is communicated with the collecting silo (61), the feed port of the third separation device (524) is communicated with the sorting port of the airflow separator (522), and the undersize discharge port of the third separation device (524) is used to discharge black powder; the third separation device (524) is a vibrating screen or a screening machine; or, The feed port of the second separator (5231) is connected to the discharge port of the crushing granulator (521), the black powder outlet of the second separator (5231) is connected to the collecting silo (61), the heavy material outlet of the second separator (5231) is connected to the feed port of the third separation device (524), the light material outlet of the third separation device (524) is connected to the feed port of the crushing granulator (521), and the black powder of the third separation device (524) is transported to the collecting silo (61) by negative pressure.

7. The battery recycling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The secondary powder removal component (52) further includes: A gravity separator (525), wherein the feed port of the gravity separator (525) is connected to the heavy material discharge port of the third separation device (524), and the gravity separator (525) has a first gravity separation port and a second gravity separation port for separating metals of different specific gravities.

8. The battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first crushing device (10) comprises a first crusher (11) and a first magnetic separator (12), the feed port of the first magnetic separator (12) is connected to the discharge port of the first crusher (11), the first crusher (11) is used to crush the pole pieces, and the first magnetic separator (12) is used to magnetically separate the materials crushed by the first crusher (11), and the first magnetic separator (12) has a first magnetic separation outlet and a second magnetic separation outlet, the first magnetic separation outlet forms the discharge port of the first crushing device (10), the first magnetic separation outlet is used to discharge non-ferromagnetic materials, and the second magnetic separation outlet is used to discharge ferromagnetic materials; Wherein, the first crusher (11) is a single-stage four-shaft crusher, or a two-stage double-shaft crusher, or a double-shaft crushing single-shaft shredder, or a single-shaft shredder; and / or, The second crushing device (20) comprises a second crusher (21), and the second crusher (21) is a single-shaft sealed shredder, or a double-shaft sealed crusher and a single-shaft sealed shredder, or a four-shaft sealed crusher.

9. The battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting device (40) comprises: A wind separator (41), wherein the feed port of the wind separator (41) is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis device (30), and the light material outlet of the wind separator (41) is used to be connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device.

10. The battery recycling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery recycling system further comprises a dust removal structure (71), a dust removal inlet of the dust removal structure (71) is communicated with an air outlet of the pyrolysis device (30), and a material outlet of the dust removal structure (71) is communicated with a material inlet of the pyrolysis device (30); and / or, The separation device (40) further comprises a second magnetic separator (42), wherein the feed port of the second magnetic separator (42) is connected to the heavy material outlet of the wind separator (41).

11. The battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting device (40) includes a primary sorter (44) and a secondary sorter (45), wherein the feed port of the primary sorter (44) is communicated with the discharge port of the pyrolysis device (30); the secondary sorter (45) is arranged downstream of the primary sorter (44), and the light material outlet of the secondary sorter (45) is communicated with the feed port of the de-powdering device; the sorting device further includes: a fourth separation device (46) disposed between the primary separator (44) and the secondary separator (45); a feed port of the fourth separation device (46) being connected to a light material outlet of the primary separator (44) and a feed port of the de-powdering device; and a heavy material outlet of the fourth separation device (46) being connected to a feed port of the secondary separator (45); Wherein, the fourth separation device (46) is a crushing device or a scattering device.

12. The battery recycling system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The battery recycling system further includes: The heating device (90) is connected to the feed port of the heating device (90), and the light material inlet of the primary separator (44) and the light material inlet of the secondary separator (45) are both connected to the feed port of the heating device (90), and the solid phase outlet of the heating device (90) is connected to the feed port of the de-powdering device.

13. The battery recycling system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The battery recycling system further includes a control module, which is configured to: Determining whether to perform segmented heating on the single battery according to the type of the single battery; When the single battery needs to be heated in sections, the pyrolysis device (30) and the heating device (90) are started; When the single battery does not need to be heated in sections, the pyrolysis device (30) is started and the heating device (90) is turned off.

14. A battery recycling method, characterized in that: The battery recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the battery recycling method comprises: Crushing the pole piece to obtain a first crushed material; Crushing the single battery to obtain a second crushed material, pyrolyzing the second crushed material to obtain a pyrolyzed material; sorting the pyrolyzed material to obtain a first sorted material and a second sorted material, wherein the weight of a single particle of the first sorted material is greater than the weight of a single particle of the second sorted material; The first crushed material and / or the second sorted material are de-powdered by using a de-powdering device.

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